Reference: Mourning Customs
Hastings
The Oriental expression of grief has a twofold relationship. Towards God it is marked by silent and reverent submission symbolized by placing the hand on the mouth. 'The Lord gave and the Lord hath taken away' (Job 1:21); 'I was dumb
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They buried the bones under a small tree in Jabesh. Then for seven days, they went without eating to show their sorrow.
Then David chanted with a lament (dirge) (requiem) over Saul and Jonathan his son. He told them to teach the sons of Judah the song of the bow. It is written in the book of Jashar: read more. Your beauty, O Israel, is slain on your high places! How the mighty have fallen! Do not tell the news in Gath. Do not announce the victory in the streets of Ashkelon. The daughters of the Philistines will be glad. The daughters of godless men will celebrate. Let no rain or dew fall on the mountains of Gilboa. Let its fields be barren! For the shields of the mighty lie there in disgrace. The shield of Saul is no longer polished with oil. Jonathan's bow was deadly. The sword of Saul was without mercy. He struck down the mighty and killed the enemy. It was easy to love Saul and Jonathan. Together in life, together in death, they were faster than eagles and stronger than lions. Daughters of Israel, weep over Saul. He clothed you in scarlet with luxury. The brave soldiers have fallen. They were killed in battle. Jonathan lies dead in the hills. I grieve for you, my brother Jonathan. You were dear to me! How wonderful was your love for me. It was better than the love of women. The mighty have fallen, their weapons abandoned and useless.
David told Joab and everyone with him: Show your sorrow by tearing your clothes and wearing sackcloth! Walk in front of Abner's body and cry! David walked behind the coffin on which Abner's body was being carried.
The king sang a funeral song for Abner: Should Abner die like a godless fool? Your hands were not bound. Your feet were not in fetters. You fell as one falls in front of wicked men. And all the people continued to cry for him.
David got up from the floor. He took a bath, combed his hair, and changed his clothes. Then he went and worshiped in the Temple of Jehovah. After that he returned to the palace and ate.
He buried it in his own family grave. He and his sons mourned over it, saying: Oh my brother, my brother!
He said: I was born with nothing (naked), and I will die with nothing. Jehovah gave, and now he has taken away. Blessed be the name of Jehovah!
Job's three friends heard about all the terrible things that happened to him. Each of them came from his home: Eliphaz of Teman, Bildad of Shuah, and Zophar of Naama. They agreed they would go together to sympathize with Job and comfort him. They saw him from a distance and did not even recognize him. They cried out loud and wept. Each of them tore his clothes in grief. They threw dust on their heads. read more. Then they sat down on the ground with him for seven days and seven nights. No one said a word to him because they saw that he was in such great pain.
I remained speechless. I did not open my mouth because you have done this.
Oh that my head were waters and my eyes a fountain of tears. Then I might weep day and night for the slain of the daughter of my people!
Jehovah of Hosts says: 'Consider the mourning women that they may come. Send for the wailing women that they may come! Let them hurry and take up a wailing for us. Let our eyes shed tears and our eyelids flow with water.
Therefore Jehovah tells us about Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah: They will not cry for him: 'Alas, my brother!' And, 'Alas, sister!' They will not mourn him: 'Alas for the master!' And, Alas for his splendor!
For these things I weep. My eye streams with water because the comforter who might give me new life is far from me. My children are desolate because the enemy is strong.
Rivers of water run down from my eyes because pf the destruction of the daughter of my people. My eyes stream without stopping. They have no rest.
Then he brought me to the entrance of the gate of Jehovah's house toward the north; and I saw women sitting there weeping for Tammuz (the god).
The pasturelands will shake at the sound of the cry of your pilots. All who handle the oars, the sailors and all the pilots of the sea will come down from their ships. They will stand on the land, read more. And they will make their voice heard over you and will cry bitterly. They will cast dust on their heads and wallow in ashes. They will make themselves bald for you and gird themselves with sackcloth. They will weep for you in bitterness and with painful mourning. In their wailing they will take up a lamentation for you and lament over you: Who is like Tyre, Like her who is silent in the midst of the sea? When your wares went out from the seas, you satisfied many peoples. With the abundance of your wealth and your merchandise you enriched the kings of earth. In the very depths of the waters, you are broken by the sea. Your merchandise and all your company have fallen in the midst of you. All the inhabitants of the coastlands are appalled at you. Their kings are horribly afraid. They are troubled in countenance. The merchants among the peoples hiss at you. You have become terrified and you will cease to be forever.'
Listen to Jehovah the God of Hosts, the Almighty: Wailing will be in all the broad ways. They will say in all the streets, Alas! Alas! They will call the farmer to mourning, and the professional mourner to lamentation and crying.
I [Micah] will lament and wail. I will go barefoot and naked. I will make a howling like the jackals, and a lamentation like the ostriches.
When you abstain from food, do not be like the hypocrites, with sad faces to be seen by men. They have received their reward. Anoint your head and wash your face. read more. That way, men may not see that you are fasting. Your Father knows in secret and will reward you.
The house of the ruler of the synagogue was filled with commotion. Many were weeping and wailing.
Rejoice with those who rejoice, and weep with those who weep.
Comfort one another with these words.
The Lamb who is in the middle of the throne will feed them and lead them to living fountains of water. God will wipe away all tears from their eyes.