Reference: Plagues of Egypt
Hastings
There are not many references in the Bible to the plagues outside the Book of Exodus. They are epitomized in Ps 78:44-51; 105:28-36. In Ro 9:14-24 God's treatment of Pharaoh is dwelt upon, to show His absolute right to do what He will with the creatures of His own handiwork. And in Re 8; 9; 16 much of the imagery in the visions of the trumpets and the bowls is based upon the plagues
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the flax and the barley were smitten, for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom.
And they said, This is blood. The kings are surely destroyed, and they have smitten each man his fellow. Now therefore, Moab, to the spoil.
and turned their rivers into blood, and their streams, so that they could not drink. He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them, and frogs, which destroyed them.
He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them, and frogs, which destroyed them. He also gave their increase to the caterpillar, and their labor to the locust. read more. He destroyed their vines with hail, and their sycamore trees with frost. He also gave over their cattle to the hail, and their flocks to hot thunderbolts. He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and trouble, a band of [heavenly] agents of evil. He made a path for his anger. He spared not their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence, and smote all the first-born in Egypt, the chief of their strength in the tents of Ham.
He sent darkness, and made it dark. And they rebelled against his words. He turned their waters into blood, and killed their fish. read more. Their land swarmed with frogs in the chambers of their kings. He spoke, and there came swarms of flies, and lice in all their borders.
He spoke, and there came swarms of flies, and lice in all their borders. He gave them hail for rain, [and] flaming fire in their land. read more. He also smote their vines and their fig trees, and broke the trees of their borders. He spoke, and the locust came, and the grasshopper, and that without number, and ate up every herb in their land, and ate up the fruit of their ground. He also smote all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength.
I am gone like the shadow when it declines. I am tossed up and down as the locust.
But I will remove the northern [army] far off from you, and will drive it into a land barren and desolate, its forepart into the eastern sea, and its rear part into the western sea. And its stench shall come up, and its foul odor s
What will we say then? Is there injustice from God? May it not happen! For he says to Moses, I will be merciful to whom I may be merciful, and I will be compassionate to whomever I may be compassionate. read more. So then it is not of him who wills, nor of him who runs, but of God who is merciful. For the scripture says to Pharaoh, For this same thing I raised thee up, that I might display in thee my power, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth. So then he is merciful to whom he will, and whom he will he hardens. Thou will say to me therefore, Why does he still find fault? For who has resisted his purpose? Rather, O man, who are thou answering back to God? No, will the thing formed say to him who formed it, Why did thou make me this way? Or has the potter no right over the clay, from the same lump certainly to make this vessel for esteem, and that for disesteem? And if God, wanting to show his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, and that he might make known the wealth of his glory upon vessels of mercy, which he previously prepared for glory, even us whom he called, not only from Jews but also from Gentiles.
And the first sounded, and there occurred hail and fire mingled with blood, and they were cast upon the earth. And the third part of the earth was burnt up, and the third part of the trees was burnt up, and all green grass was burn And the second agent sounded, and something like a great burning mountain was cast into the sea. And the third part of the sea became blood,
And the fourth agent sounded, and the third part of the sun was struck, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of the stars, so that the third part of them would be darkened. And the day did not shine the third part of
And the fifth agent sounded, and I saw a star fallen from the sky to the earth. And the key of the pit of the abyss was given to him. And he opened the pit of the abyss, and smoke ascended out of the pit, like smoke of a burning furnace. And the sun and the air were darkened from the smoke of the pit. read more. And locusts came forth out of the smoke upon the earth, and power was given to them, like the scorpions of the earth have power. And it was told them that they should not hurt the grass of the earth, nor anything green, nor any tree, except the men who have not the seal of God on their foreheads. And it was given them that they would not kill them, but that they would be tormented five months. And their torment was as the torment of a scorpion when it strikes a man. And in those days men will seek death, and will, no, not find it. And they will long to die, and death will flee from them. And the likeness of the locusts was similar to horses prepared for battle. And upon their heads were like golden crowns, and their faces were as men's faces. And they had hair like the hair of women, and their teeth were as of lions. And they had breastplates like iron breastplates. And the sound of their wings was like the sound of chariots of many horses running into battle. And they have tails similar to scorpions, and stings. And in their tails they have power to hurt men five months. Having a king over them, the agent of the abyss, whose name in Hebrew is Abaddon, but in the Greek he has the name Apollyon.
And the first went and poured out his bowl into the earth, and a bad and evil sore developed upon the men who have the mark of the beast and who worship its image. And the second agent poured out his bowl into the sea, and it became blood like of a dead man, and every living soul in the sea died.
And the fifth agent poured out his bowl upon the throne of the beast, and its kingdom became darkened, and they gnawed their tongues from the anguish.
And I saw out of the mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out of the mouth of the FALSE prophet, three unclean spirits like frogs.
And the seventh agent poured out his bowl upon the air, and a great voice came forth out of the temple of heaven, out of the throne, saying, It has come to pass.
Morish
These were wrought by God to show to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians His great power, and that all the elements of creation were at His disposal. Ex. 7
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And Moses said, Thou have spoken well. I will see thy face again no more.
And Moses said, Thus says LORD, About midnight I will go out into the midst of Egypt, and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh who sits upon his throne, even to the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill, and all the first-born of cattle. read more. And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there has not been, nor shall be any more. But against any of the sons of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast, that ye may know how that LORD makes a distinction between the Egyptians and Israel. And all these thy servants shall come down to me, and bow themselves down to me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people who follow thee. And after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.
He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them, and frogs, which destroyed them.
He spoke, and there came swarms of flies, and lice in all their borders.
Watsons
PLAGUES OF EGYPT. The design of these visitations, growing more awful and tremendous in their progress, was to make Pharaoh know, and confess, that the God of the Hebrews was the supreme Lord, and to exhibit his power and his justice in the strongest light to all the nations of the earth, Ex 9:16; 1Sa 4:8, &c; to execute judgment upon the Egyptians and upon all their gods, inanimate and bestial, for their cruelty to the Israelites, and for their grovelling polytheism and idolatry, Ex 7:14-17; 12:12. The Nile was the principal divinity of the Egyptians. According to Heliodorus, they paid divine honours to this river, and revered it as the first of their gods. They declared him to be the rival of heaven, since he watered the country without the aid of the clouds and rain. His principal festival was at the summer solstice, when the inundation commenced; at which season, in the dog days, by a cruel idolatrous rite, they sacrificed red-haired persons, principally foreigners, to Typhon, or the power that presided over tempests, at Busiris, Heliopolis, &c, by burning them alive, and scattering their ashes in the air, for the good of the people, as we learn from Plutarch. Hence Bryant infers the probability, that these victims were chosen from among the Israelites, during their residence in Egypt. The judgment then inflicted upon the river, and all the waters of Egypt, in the presence of Pharaoh and of his servants, as foretold,
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And also I will judge that nation, whom they shall serve, and afterward they shall come out with great substance.
Come, let us deal craftily with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when war happens, they also join themselves to our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.
And LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh's heart is stubborn; he refuses to let the people go. Get thee to Pharaoh in the morning, lo, he goes out to the water, and thou shall stand by the river's edge to meet him, and the rod which was turned to a serpent thou shall take in thy hand. read more. And thou shall say to him, LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to thee, saying, Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness. And, behold, until now thou have not hearkened. Thus says LORD, In this thou shall know that I am LORD. Behold, I will smite with the rod that is in my hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.
And LORD said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh. Lo, he comes forth to the water. And say to him, Thus says LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me. Else, if thou will not let my people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon they servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses. And the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also th read more. And in that day I will set apart the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there, to the end thou may know that I am LORD in the midst of the earth. And I will put a division between my people and thy people. This sign shall be by tomorrow.
Then LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh, and tell him, Thus says LORD, the God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me. For if thou refuse to let them go, and will still hold them, read more. behold, the hand of LORD is upon thy cattle which are in the field, upon the horses, upon the donkeys, upon the camels, upon the herds, and upon the flocks--a very grievous pestilence. And LORD shall make a distinction between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt, and there shall nothing die of all that belongs to the sons of Israel. And LORD appointed a set time, saying, Tomorrow LORD shall do this thing in the land. And LORD did that thing on the morrow, and all the cattle of Egypt died, but of the cattle of the sons of Israel not one died.
And LORD did that thing on the morrow, and all the cattle of Egypt died, but of the cattle of the sons of Israel not one died. And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he did not let the people go. read more. And LORD said to Moses and to Aaron, Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh. And it shall become small dust over all the land of Egypt, and shall be a boil breaking forth with sores upon man and upon beast, throughout all the land of Egypt. And they took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh, and Moses sprinkled it up toward heaven, and it became a boil breaking forth with sores upon man and upon beast. And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils were upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians. And LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not hearken to them, as LORD had spoken to Moses. And LORD said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say to him, Thus says LORD, the God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me. For this time I will send all my plagues upon thy heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, that thou may know that there is none like me in all the earth. For now I have put forth my hand, and smitten thee and thy people with pestilence, and thou have been cut off from the earth. But indeed for this cause I have raised thee up, to display in thee my power, and that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth.
But indeed for this cause I have raised thee up, to display in thee my power, and that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth. As yet thou exalt thyself against my people, that thou will not let them go? read more. Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as has not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now. Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou have in the field, [for] every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die. He who feared the word of LORD among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his cattle flee into the houses. And he who did not regard the word of LORD left his servants and his cattle in the field.
And Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said to them, I have sinned this time. LORD is righteous, and I and my people are wicked. Entreat LORD, for there has been enough of [these] mighty thunderings and hail, and I will let you go, and ye shall stay no longer. read more. And Moses said to him, As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands to LORD. The thunders shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail, that thou may know that the earth is LORD's. But as for thee and thy servants, I know that ye will not yet fear LORD God. And the flax and the barley were smitten, for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom. But the wheat and the rye were not smitten, for they were not grown up. And Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread abroad his hands to LORD, and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured upon the earth. And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the sons of Israel go, as LORD had spoken by Moses.
And Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh, and said to him, Thus says LORD, the God of the Hebrews, How long will thou refuse to humble thyself before me? Let my people go, that they may serve me. Else, if thou refuse to let my people go, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into thy border. read more. And they shall cover the face of the earth, so that no man is able to see the ground. And they shall eat the residue of that which is escaped, which remains to you from the hail, and shall eat every tree which grows for you out of And thy houses shall be filled, and the houses of all thy servants, and the houses of all the Egyptians, as neither thy fathers nor thy fathers' fathers have seen, since the day that they were upon the earth to this day. And he tur And Pharaoh's servants said to him, How long shall this man be a snare to us? Let the men go, that they may serve LORD their God. Do thou not yet know that Egypt is destroyed? And Moses and Aaron were brought again to Pharaoh. And he said to them, Go, serve LORD your God, but who are those who shall go? And Moses said, We will go with our young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds will we go, for we must hold a feast to LORD. And he said to them, So be LORD with you, as I will let you go, and your little ones. Look, evil is before you. Not so. Go ye now who are men, and serve LORD, for that is what ye desire. And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence. And LORD said to Moses, Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail has left. And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and LORD brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all the night, and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts. And the locusts went up over all the land of Egypt, and rested in all the borders of Egypt, very grievous were they, before them there were no such locusts as they, neither after them shall be such. For they covered the face of the whole ground, so that the land was darkened, and they ate every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left. And there remained not any green thing, either tree nor herb
And LORD said to Moses, Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven, and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days, read more. they did not see each other, neither did anyone rise from his place for three days, but all the sons of Israel had light in their dwellings. And Pharaoh called to Moses, and said, Go ye, serve LORD, only let your flocks and your herds stay. Let your little ones also go with you. And Moses said, Thou must also give into our hand sacrifices and burnt-offerings, that we may sacrifice to LORD our God. Our cattle shall also go with us, there shall not a hoof be left behind, for must we take of it to serve LORD our God, and we do not know with what we must serve LORD, until we come there. But LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go. And Pharaoh said to him, Get thee from me. Take heed to thyself, see my face no more, for in the day thou see my face thou shall die. And Moses said, Thou have spoken well. I will see thy face again no more.
And LORD said to Moses, Yet one plague more I will bring upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt, afterwards he will let you go from here. When he shall let you go, he shall surely thrust you out from here altogether.
And Moses said, Thus says LORD, About midnight I will go out into the midst of Egypt, and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh who sits upon his throne, even to the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill, and all the first-born of cattle. read more. And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there has not been, nor shall be any more. But against any of the sons of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast, that ye may know how that LORD makes a distinction between the Egyptians and Israel. And all these thy servants shall come down to me, and bow themselves down to me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people who follow thee. And after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.
And all these thy servants shall come down to me, and bow themselves down to me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people who follow thee. And after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger. And LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh will not hearken to you, that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt. read more. And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh. And LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go out of his land.
And LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, This month shall be to you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you. read more. Speak ye to all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth [day] of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to their fathers' houses, a lamb for a household. And if the household be too little for a lamb, then he and his neighbor next to his house shall take one according to the number of the souls, according to every man's eating ye shall make your count for the lamb. Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old. Ye shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats. And ye shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month, and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at evening. And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel upon the houses in which they shall eat it. And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roasted with fire, and unleavened bread, with bitter herbs they shall eat it. Do not eat of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire, its head with its legs and with the inwards of it. And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning, but that which remains of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire. And thus ye shall eat it: with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And ye shall eat it in haste. It is LORD's Passover. For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast, and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments. I am LORD.
For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast, and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments. I am LORD. And the blood shall be to you for a sign upon the houses where ye are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt. read more. And this day shall be to you for a memorial, and ye shall keep it a feast to LORD; throughout your generations ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance forever. Seven days ye shall eat unleavened bread, even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses, for whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel. And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation, no manner of work shall be done in them, except that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you. And ye shall observe the [feast of] unleavened bread, for in this selfsame day I have brought your armies out of the land of Egypt. Therefore ye shall observe this day throughout your generations by an ordinance forever. In the first [month], on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. Seven days there shall be no leaven found in your houses, for whoever eats that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a sojourner, or one who is born in the land. Ye shall eat nothing leavened, in all your habitations ye shall eat unleavened bread. Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said to them, Draw out, and take to you lambs according to your families, and kill the Passover. And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two side-posts with the blood that is in the basin, and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until the mo For LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians, and when he sees the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side-posts, LORD will pass over the door, and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to smite you. And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons forever. And it shall come to pass, when ye have come to the land which LORD will give you, according as he has promised, that ye shall keep this service. And it shall come to pass, when your sons shall say to you, What do ye mean by this service? that ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of LORD's Passover, who passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped. And the sons of Israel went and did so, as LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they. And it came to pass at midnight, that LORD smote all the first-born in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the first-born of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the first-born of cattl And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians, and there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where there was not one dead. And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, get you forth from among my people, both ye and the sons of Israel, and go, serve LORD, as ye have said. Take both your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone, and bless me also. And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, to send them out of the land in haste, for they said, We are all dead men. And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders. And the sons of Israel did according to the word of Moses, and they asked of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment. And LORD gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. And they despoiled the Egyptians. And the sons of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, besides children. And a mixed multitude also went up with them, and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.
The pillar of cloud by day, and the pillar of fire by night departed not from before the people.
And I will send the hornet before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.
And on the day that the tabernacle was reared up the cloud covered the tabernacle, even the tent of the testimony, and at evening it was upon the tabernacle, as it were the appearance of fire, until morning. So it was always: the cloud covered it, and the appearance of fire by night. read more. And whenever the cloud was taken up from over the tent, then after that the sons of Israel journeyed. And in the place where the cloud abode, there the sons of Israel encamped. At the commandment of LORD the sons of Israel journeyed, and at the commandment of LORD they encamped. As long as the cloud abode upon the tabernacle they remained encamped. And when the cloud tarried upon the tabernacle many days, then the sons of Israel kept the charge of LORD, and did not journey. And sometimes the cloud was a few days upon the tabernacle, then according to the commandment of LORD they remained encamped, and according to the commandment of LORD they journeyed. And sometimes the cloud was from evening until morning, and when the cloud was taken up in the morning, they journeyed, or [if] by day and by night, when the cloud was taken up, they journeyed. Whether it was two days, or a month, or a year, that the cloud tarried upon the tabernacle, abiding on it, the sons of Israel remained encamped, and did not journey, but when it was taken up, they journeyed. At the commandment of LORD they encamped, and at the commandment of LORD they journeyed. They kept the charge of LORD, at the commandment of LORD by Moses.
And they set forward from the mount of LORD three days' journey. And the ark of the covenant of LORD went before them three days' journey, to seek out a resting-place for them. And the cloud of LORD was over them by day when they set forward from the camp. read more. And it came to pass, when the ark set forward, that Moses said, Rise up, O LORD, and let thine enemies be scattered, and let those who hate thee flee before thee. And when it rested, he said, Return, O LORD, to the ten thousands of the thousands of Israel.
And the mixed multitude that was among them lusted exceedingly. And the sons of Israel also wept again, and said, Who shall give us flesh to eat?
And they journeyed from Rameses in the first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month. On the morrow after the Passover the sons of Israel went out with a high hand in the sight of all the Egyptians,
But LORD has taken you, and brought you forth out of the iron furnace, out of Egypt, to be to him a people of inheritance, as at this day.
Moreover LORD thy God will send the hornet among them until those who are left and hide themselves perish from before thee.
And I sent the hornet before you, which drove them out from before you, even the two kings of the Amorites, not with thy sword, nor with thy bow.
And Moab rebelled against Israel after the death of Ahab. And Ahaziah fell down through the lattice in his upper chamber that was in Samaria, and was sick. And he sent messengers, and said to them, Go, inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I shall recover of this sickness.
Many sorrows shall be to the wicked, but he who trusts in LORD, loving kindness shall encompass him about.
He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and trouble, a band of [heavenly] agents of evil.
And just as they did not approve having God in knowledge, God gave them over to an unfit mind, to do things that are not fit;
And if God, wanting to show his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering vessels of wrath prepared for destruction,
Behold therefore the goodness and the severity of God. Indeed toward those who fell, severity, but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness, otherwise thou too will be cut off.
For when we sin willfully after taking the knowledge of the truth, there remains no more a sacrifice for sins,