Reference: Purification
Easton
the process by which a person unclean, according to the Levitical law, and thereby cut off from the sanctuary and the festivals, was restored to the enjoyment of all these privileges.
The great annual purification of the people was on the Day of Atonement (q.v.).
But in the details of daily life there were special causes of cermonial uncleanness which were severally provided for by ceremonial laws enacted for each separate case. For example, the case of the leper (Le 13; 13:14), and of the house defiled by leprosy (Le 14:49-53; see also Mt 8:2-4). Uncleanness from touching a dead body (Nu 19:11; Ho 9:4; Hag 2:13; Mt 23:27; Lu 11:44). The case of the high priest and of the Nazarite (Le 21:1-4,10-11; Nu 6:6-7; Eze 44:25). Purification was effected by bathing and washing the clothes (Le 14:8-9); by washing the hands (De 21:6; Mt 27:24); washing the hands and feet (Ex 30:18-21; Heb 6:2, "baptisms", R.V. marg., "washings;" Heb 9:10); sprinkling with blood and water (Ex 24:5-8; Heb 9:19), etc. Allusions to this rite are found in Ps 26:6; 51:7; Eze 36:25; Heb 10:22.
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and sent young men of the children of Israel to sacrifice burnt offerings and to offer peace offerings of oxen unto the LORD. And Moses took half of the blood and put it in basins, and the other half he sprinkled on the altar. read more. And he took the book of the covenant and read it in the audience of the people. And they said, "All that the LORD hath said, we will do and hear." And Moses took the blood and sprinkled it on the people and said, "Behold, this is the blood of the covenant which the LORD hath made with you upon all these words."
"Thou shalt make a laver of brass and his foot also of brass to wash withal, and shalt put it between the tabernacle of witness and the altar and put water therein: that Aaron and his sons may wash both their hands and their feet thereout, read more. when they go into the tabernacle of witness, or when they go unto the altar to minister and to burn the LORD's offering, lest they die. And it shall be an ordinance forever unto him and his seed among your children after you."
"And he that is cleansed shall wash his clothes and shave off all his hair, and wash himself in water, and then he is clean. And after that he shall come into the host, but shall tarry without his tent seven days. When the seventh day is come, he shall shave off all his hair both upon his head and his beard and on his brows: and even all the hair that is on him, shall be shaven off. And he shall wash his clothes and his flesh in water, and then he shall be clean.
And let him take to cleanse the house withal: two birds, cypress wood, and purple cloth and hyssop. And let him kill one of the birds over an earthen vessel of running water: read more. and take the cypress wood, the hyssop, the purple and the living bird, and dip them in the blood of the slain bird and in the running water, and sprinkle upon the house seven times, and cleanse the house with the blood of the bird, and with the running water, and with the living bird, and with the cypress wood, and the hyssop, and the purple cloth. And he shall let the living bird flee out of the town into the wild fields, and so make an atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.
And the LORD said unto Moses, "Speak unto the priests the sons of Aaron and say unto them, 'A priest shall defile himself at the death of none of his people, but upon his kin that is nigh unto him: as his mother, father, son, daughter and brother: read more. and on his sister as long as she is a maid and dwelleth nigh him and was never given to man: on her he may defile himself. But he shall not make himself unclean upon a ruler of his people to pollute himself withal.
He that is the high priest among his brethren, upon whose head the anointing oil was poured and whose hand was filled to put on the vestments, shall not uncover his head nor rent his clothes, neither shall go to any dead body nor make himself unclean: no not on his father or mother,
As long as he abstaineth unto the LORD he shall come at no dead body: he shall not make himself unclean at the death of his father, mother, brother or sister: For the abstinence of his God is upon his head.
"'He that toucheth any dead person, shall be unclean seven days.
And all the elders of the city that is next to the slain man shall wash their hands over the heifer that is beheaded in the plain,
I wash my hands with innocency, O LORD, and so will I go to thine altar,
Thou shalt purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean; thou shalt wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.
And I will pour pure water upon you, and ye shall be cleansed from all uncleanness, and from all your idols. I will cleanse you.
They shall come at no dead person, to defile themselves; except it be father or mother, son or daughter, brother or sister that hath had yet no husband: in such they may be defiled.
They pour out no wine for a drink offering unto the LORD, neither give they him their slain offerings: but they be unto them as mourner's meats, wherein all they that eat them are defiled. For the bread that they have such lust unto, shall not come into the house of the LORD.
Then said Haggai, "Now if one being defiled with a dead carcass, touch any of these: shall it also be unclean?"
And, lo, there came a leper and worshipped him saying, "Master, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean." And Jesus put forth his hand and touched him, saying, "I will; be thou clean." And immediately his leprosy was cleansed. read more. And Jesus said unto him, "See thou tell no man; but go, and show thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, to be offered in witness to them."
Woe be to you scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, for ye are like unto painted tombs which appear beautiful outwards: but are within full of dead men's bones and of all filthiness.
When Pilate saw that he prevailed nothing, but that more business was made, he took water and washed his hands before the people saying, "I am innocent of the blood of this righteous person: see ye thereto."
Woe be to you scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, for ye are as graves which appear not; And the men that walk over them, are not aware of them."
of baptism, of doctrine, and of laying on of hands, and of resurrection from death, and of eternal judgment.
with meats only and drinks, and divers washings, and justifyings of the flesh, which were ordained until the time of reformation.
For when all the commandments were read of Moses unto all the people, he took the blood of calves, and of goats, with water and purple wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,
let us draw nigh with a true heart in a full faith sprinkled in our hearts, from an evil conscience, and washed in our bodies with pure water,
Fausets
The outward purification with water, symbolizing man's need of inward purity before admission into God's presence. (See LEPER; PRIEST; BIRTH; NAZARITE.) Le 11:25,40; 12:6,8/type/mstc'>8,8/type/mstc'>8; Lu 2:22-24; Numbers 19; 31. See HEIFER; RED.) Heb 9:13.) The rabbis multiplied unauthorized purifications, e.g. cups, pots, couches. etc. (Mr 7:3; Joh 2:6.)
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and whosoever beareth the carcass of them, shall wash his clothes and shall be unclean until even.
And he that eateth of any such dead carcass, shall wash his clothes and remain unclean until the evening. And he also that beareth the carcass of it, shall wash his clothes and be unclean until even.
And when the days of her purifying are out, whether it be a son or a daughter, she shall bring a lamb of one year old for a burnt offering and a young pigeon or a turtledove for a sin offering unto the door of the tabernacle of witness unto the priest:
But and if she be not able to bring a sheep, then let her bring two turtles or two young pigeons: the one for the burnt offering, and the other for the sin offering. And the priest shall make an atonement for her, and she shall be clean.'"
But and if she be not able to bring a sheep, then let her bring two turtles or two young pigeons: the one for the burnt offering, and the other for the sin offering. And the priest shall make an atonement for her, and she shall be clean.'"
For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands often, eat not; observing the traditions of the elders.
And when the time of their purification, after the law of Moses, was come they brought him to Jerusalem, to present him to the Lord: As it is written in the law of the Lord, "Every man child that first openeth the matrix, shall be called holy to the Lord": read more. and to offer, as it is said in the law of the Lord, "A pair of turtle doves, or two young pigeons."
And there were standing there, six waterpots of stone after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing two or three firkins apiece.
For if the blood of oxen, and of goats, and the ashes of a heifer, when it was sprinkled, purified the unclean, as touching the purifying of the flesh:
Hastings
Morish
In the law there were many ceremonial defilements, each of which had its appointed purification. To these the scribes and Pharisees added others, such as washing the hands before eating, washing cups and plates
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And when they saw certain of his disciples eat bread with common hands, that is to say, with unwashen hands, they complained. For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands often, eat not; observing the traditions of the elders. read more. And when they come from the market, except they wash themselves they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have taken upon them to observe, as the washing of cups and cruses, and of brazen vessels, and of tables. Then asked him the Pharisees and scribes, "Why walk not thy disciples according to the traditions of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?" He answered and said unto them, "Well prophesied hath Isaiah of you hypocrites as it is written, 'This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.' In vain they worship me, teaching doctrines which are nothing but the commandments of men, for ye lay the commandment of God apart, and ye observe the traditions of men as the washing of cruses and of cups, and many other such like things ye do."
And he put no difference between them and us, but with faith purified their hearts.
How much more shall the blood of Christ - which through the eternal spirit, offered himself without spot to God - purge your consciences from dead works, for to serve the living God?
Draw nigh to God, and he will draw nigh to you. Cleanse your hands ye sinners, and purge your hearts ye wavering minded.
And forasmuch as ye have purified your souls through the spirit, in obeying the truth for to love brotherly without feigning, see that ye love one another with a pure heart, fervently:
Smith
Purification,
in its legal and technical sense, is applied to the ritual observances whereby an Israelite was formally absolved from the taint of uncleanness. The essence of purification, in all eases, consisted in the use of water, whether by way of ablution or aspersion; but in the majora delicta of legal uncleanness, sacrifices of various kinds were added and the ceremonies throughout bore an expiatory character. Ablution of the person and of the clothes was required in the cases mentioned in
In cases of childbirth the sacrifice was increased to a lamb of the first year, with a pigeon or turtle-dove.
The ceremonies of purification required in cases of contact with a corpse or a grave are detailed in
... The purification of the leper was a yet more formal proceeding, and indicated the highest pitch of uncleanness. The rites are described in
The necessity of purification was extended in the post-Babylonian Period to a variety of unauthorized cases. Cups and pots and brazen vessels were washed as a matter of ritual observance.
The washing of the hands before meals was conducted in a formal manner.
What play have been the specific causes of uncleanness in those who came up to purify themselves before the Passover,
Joh 11:55
or in those who had taken upon themselves the Nazarites' vow,
we are not informed. In conclusion it may he observed that the distinctive feature. In the Mosaic rites of purification is their expiatory character. The idea of uncleanness was not peculiar to the Jew; but with all other nations simple ablution sufficed: no sacrifices were demanded. The Jew alone was taught by the use of expiatory offerings to discern to its fullest extent the connection between the outward sign and the inward fount of impurity.
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But and if she be not able to bring a sheep, then let her bring two turtles or two young pigeons: the one for the burnt offering, and the other for the sin offering. And the priest shall make an atonement for her, and she shall be clean.'"
For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands often, eat not; observing the traditions of the elders. And when they come from the market, except they wash themselves they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have taken upon them to observe, as the washing of cups and cruses, and of brazen vessels, and of tables.
And the Jews' Easter was nigh at hand, and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the Easter to purify themselves.
Them take and purify thyself with them, and do cost on them, that they may shave their heads and all shall know that those things which they have heard concerning thee are nothing: but that thou thyself also walkest and keepest the law.
Then the next day, Paul took the men and purified himself with them, and entered into the temple, declaring that he observed the days of the purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them.