Because, having the knowledge of God, they did not give glory to God as God, and did not give praise, but their minds were full of foolish things, and their hearts, being without sense, were made dark.

In the belief that you are a guide to the blind, a light to those in the dark,

Let their eyes be made dark so that they may not see, and let their back be bent down at all times.

O, how deep is the richness of God's wisdom and knowledge! How difficult [it is for us] to explain His judgments and how impossible [for us] to accurately track how He operates!

The night is far gone, and the day is near: so let us put off the works of the dark, arming ourselves with light,

I also send greetings to the church that meets in their house. Greetings to my dear friend Epenetus, who was the first convert to Christ in Asia [Note: This was a province in the western part of present-day Turkey].