Reference: Covenant, Book of The
Hastings
The oldest code of Hebrew law which has come down to us is contained in Ex 20:22 to Ex 23:33. It receives its name from the expression in Ex 24:7, while its character as a covenant is demonstrated by the promises attached to the keeping of it (Ex 23:20-33). Owing to the confused form in which the Book of Exodus has been transmitted, doubt has been expressed as to the limits of the Book of the Covenant. Some maintain that the words in Ex 24:7 refer only to ch. 23; others would make them include 21
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God spoke all these words: I am Jehovah your God, who brought you out of slavery in Egypt. read more. Do not have any other god. Do not make your own carved idols or statues that represent any creature in the sky, on the earth, or in the water. Do not worship them or serve them. I, Jehovah your God, am a God demanding exclusive devotion. (I do not tolerate rivals.) I will not share your affection with any other god. I punish children for their parents' sins to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me. I show mercy (loving kindness) to thousands of generations of those who love me and obey my commandments. Never use the name of Jehovah your God in a false and evil way. Jehovah will make sure that anyone who is false, evil, careless and vain with his name will be punished. Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy. You have six days to do all your work. The seventh day is a Sabbath dedicated to Jehovah your God. Do not do any work, you or your son or your daughter, your male or your female servant or your cattle or your sojourner who stays with you. Jehovah made the heavens and the earth, the sea and all that is in them in six days. He rested on the seventh day. Therefore Jehovah blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy. Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be prolonged in the land Jehovah your God gives you. Do not murder. Do not commit adultery. Do not steal. Do not (lie) accuse anyone falsely. Do not covet (desire) another man's house. Do not desire his wife, his slaves, his cattle, his donkeys, or anything else that he owns.
Jehovah commanded Moses to tell the Israelites: You have seen how I have spoken to you from heaven.
Jehovah commanded Moses to tell the Israelites: You have seen how I have spoken to you from heaven.
Make an altar of earth for me. Sacrifice your sheep and your cattle as offerings to be completely burned and as peace offerings. In every place that I set-aside for you to worship me, I will come to you and bless you. If you make an altar of stone for me, do not build it out of cut stones. This is because when you use a chisel on stones, you make them unfit for my use. read more. Do not build an altar for me with steps leading up to it. If you do, you will expose yourselves as you go up the steps.
These are the ordinances you should set before them. When you buy a Hebrew slave he will be your slave for six years. In the seventh year he may leave as a free man without paying for his freedom. read more. If he was single at the time you bought him he alone must be set free. If he was married at that time, both he and his wife must be given their freedom. If his master gives him a wife, and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children will belong to her master. He shall go out alone. What if the slave loves his wife and children so much that he will not leave without them? He must stand beside either the door or the doorpost at the place of worship. His owner will punch a small hole through one of his ears with a sharp metal rod. This makes him a slave for life. When a man sells his daughter into slavery, she will not go free the way male slaves do. If she does not please the master who has chosen her as a wife, he must let her be bought back by one of her close relatives. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has treated her unfairly. If a man buys a female slave to give to his son, he should treat her like a daughter. If a man takes a second wife, he must continue to give his first wife the same amount of food and clothing and the same rights that she had before. If he fails to do any of these things, she should be given her freedom without cost. Death is the punishment for murder.
Death is the punishment for murder.
Death is the punishment for murder. If you did not intend to kill someone and I, Jehovah, let it happen anyway, you may run for safety to a place that I have set aside. read more. If a man schemes and kills a man deliberately remove him from my altar and put him to death. He who strikes (beats) his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
He who strikes (beats) his father or his mother shall surely be put to death. Whoever kidnaps another person must be put to death regardless of whether he has sold the kidnapped person or still has him.
Whoever kidnaps another person must be put to death regardless of whether he has sold the kidnapped person or still has him. Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death.
Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death. When men quarrel and one hits the other with a rock or with his fist and injures him so that he has to stay in bed you must do this. read more. If the injured man is able to stand up again and walk around outside with a cane, the one who hit him must not be punished. He must pay the injured man for the loss of his time and for all his medical expenses. If a slave owner takes a stick and beats his slave, whether male or female, and the slave dies on the spot, the owner is to be punished. If the slave lives a few days after the beating, you are not to be punished. After all, you have already lost the services of that slave who was your property. When a pregnant woman suffers a miscarriage as the result of an injury caused by someone who is fighting, if she is not badly hurt, the one who injured her must pay whatever fine her husband demands and the judges approve. The payment will be for life if she is seriously injured, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise. If a man strikes the eye of his male or female slave, and destroys it, he shall let him go free because of his eye.
If a man strikes the eye of his male or female slave, and destroys it, he shall let him go free because of his eye. If he knocks out a tooth of his male or female slave, he shall let him go free because of his tooth. read more. If an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox shall surely be stoned and its flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall go unpunished.
If an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox shall surely be stoned and its flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall go unpunished. If an ox was previously in the habit of goring and its owner has been warned, yet he does not confine it and it kills a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned and its owner also shall be put to death. read more. If a ransom is demanded of him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is demanded of him. Whether it gores a son or a daughter, it shall be done to him according to the same rule. If the ox gores a male or female slave, the owner shall give his or her master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned. If a man opens a pit, or digs a pit and does not cover it over, and an ox or a donkey falls into it, the owner of the pit shall make restitution. He will give money to its owner, and the dead animal shall become his. If one man's ox hurts another's so that it dies, then they shall sell the live ox and divide its price equally. They should divide the dead ox. If it is known that the ox was previously in the habit of goring, yet its owner has not confined it, he shall surely pay ox for ox, and the dead animal shall become his.
A man steals an ox or a sheep and slaughters it or sells it. He must pay five oxen for the ox and four sheep for the sheep. If the thief is caught while breaking in and is struck so that he dies, there will be no blood guiltiness on his account. read more. But if it happens after sunrise, he is guilty of murder. A thief must make up for what he has stolen. If he is unable to do so, he should be sold as a slave to pay for what he stole. If the stolen animal is found alive in his possession, whether it is a bull, donkey, or a sheep, he must make up for the loss with double the amount. Someone lets his livestock graze in a field or a vineyard. They stray and graze in another person's field. He must make up for what the damaged field was expected to produce. If he lets them ruin the whole field with their grazing, he must make up from his own field for the loss with the best from his field and vineyard. A fire starts and spreads into the underbrush so that it burns up stacked or standing grain or ruins a field. The person who started the fire must make up for the loss. Someone gives his neighbor silver or other valuables to keep for him. They are stolen from that person's house. If the thief is caught, he must make up for the loss with double the amount. If the thief is not caught, the owner of the house must be brought to God to find out whether or not he took his neighbor's valuables. There is a dispute over the ownership of a bull, a donkey, a sheep, an article of clothing, and any other lost property which two people claim as their own. Both people must bring their case to God. The one whom God declares guilty must make up for his neighbor's loss with double the amount. Someone gives his neighbor a donkey, a bull, a sheep, or any other kind of animal to keep for him, and it dies, is injured, or is captured in war, and there are no witnesses.
Someone gives his neighbor a donkey, a bull, a sheep, or any other kind of animal to keep for him, and it dies, is injured, or is captured in war, and there are no witnesses. The case between them must be settled by swearing an oath to Jehovah that the neighbor did not take the other person's animal. The owner must accept the oath. The neighbor does not have to make up for the loss. read more. However, if the animal was stolen from the neighbor, he must make up for the owner's loss. If a wild animal killed the neighbor's animal he must bring in the dead body of the wild animal as evidence. He does not have to make up for an animal that has been killed. Whenever someone borrows an animal from his neighbor, and it is injured or dies while the owner is not present, the borrower must make up for the loss. If the owner is with the animal, the borrower does not have to make up for the loss. If it is rented, the rental fee covers the loss. When a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged to anyone and has sexual intercourse with her, he must pay the bride price and marry her. If her father refuses to give her to him, he must pay an amount of money equal to the bride price for virgins. Never allow a witch to live. The person who has sexual intercourse with an animal must be put to death. The person who sacrifices to any god except Jehovah must be condemned and destroyed. Do not mistreat or oppress a foreigner. Remember that you were foreigners in Egypt.
When you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest. If you take someone's cloak as a pledge that he will pay you, you must give it back to him before the sunsets, read more. for it is the only covering he has to keep him warm. What else can he sleep in? When he cries out to me for help, I will answer him because I am merciful. Do not curse God. Do not curse a ruler of your people. Do not delay the offering from your harvest and your vintage. Give the firstborn of your sons to me.
Do not delay the offering from your harvest and your vintage. Give the firstborn of your sons to me. Do the same with your oxen and with your sheep. Its mother may keep it for seven days. On the eighth day give it to me. read more. You are to be my holy people. Do not eat any flesh torn to bits in the field. Throw it to the dogs.
Do not spread false rumors. Do not help a guilty person by offering false testimony. Do not follow the majority to do wrong. Do not give testimony that perverts justice. read more. Do not show partiality to a poor man at his trial.
Do not deny justice to a poor person at his trial. Do not make false accusations. Do not put an innocent person to death. I will condemn anyone who does this evil thing. read more. Do not accept a bribe, for a bribe makes the discerning blind to what is right and perverts the words of the righteous.
Plant your land and gather in what it produces for six years. Let your land rest the seventh year. Do not harvest anything that grows on it. The poor may eat what grows there. The wild animals may have what is left. Do the same with your vineyards and your olive trees. read more. Work six days a week. Do no work on the seventh day. Allow your slaves and the foreigners who work for you and even your animals to rest.
Celebrate three festivals a year to honor me. In the month of Abib, the month in which you left Egypt, celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread in the way that I commanded you. Do not eat any bread made with yeast during the seven days of this festival. Never come to worship me without bringing an offering. read more. Celebrate the Harvest Festival when you begin to harvest your crops. Celebrate the Festival of Shelters in the autumn, when you gather the fruit from your vineyards and orchards.
Celebrate the Harvest Festival when you begin to harvest your crops. Celebrate the Festival of Shelters in the autumn, when you gather the fruit from your vineyards and orchards. All your males should appear before Jehovah God three times a year. read more. Do not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread. Do not allow the fat of my feast to remain overnight until morning. Bring the choice first fruits of your soil into the house of Jehovah your God. Do not boil a young goat in the milk of its mother. I am going to send an angel before you to guard you along the way and to bring you into the place that I have prepared.
I am going to send an angel before you to guard you along the way and to bring you into the place that I have prepared. Be on your guard before him and obey his voice. Do not be rebellious toward him. He will not pardon your transgression, since my name is in him. (He has my honor, authority and character)
Be on your guard before him and obey his voice. Do not be rebellious toward him. He will not pardon your transgression, since my name is in him. (He has my honor, authority and character) If you truly obey his voice and do all that I say, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries.
If you truly obey his voice and do all that I say, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries. My messenger will go ahead of you. I will lead you to the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites. I will wipe them out.
My messenger will go ahead of you. I will lead you to the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites. I will wipe them out.
My messenger will go ahead of you. I will lead you to the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites. I will wipe them out. Do not worship or serve their gods or follow their practices. You must destroy their gods and crush their sacred stones.
Do not worship or serve their gods or follow their practices. You must destroy their gods and crush their sacred stones. You must serve Jehovah your God! I will bless your food and water. I will take away all sickness from among you.
You must serve Jehovah your God! I will bless your food and water. I will take away all sickness from among you. No woman in your land will miscarry or be unable to have children. I will let you live a normal life span.
No woman in your land will miscarry or be unable to have children. I will let you live a normal life span. I will send my terror ahead of you and throw any nation you meet into a panic. I will make all your enemies flee from you.
I will send my terror ahead of you and throw any nation you meet into a panic. I will make all your enemies flee from you. I will throw your enemies into panic! I will drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites as you advance.
I will throw your enemies into panic! I will drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites as you advance.
I will throw your enemies into panic! I will drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites as you advance. I will not drive them out within a year's time. If I did, the land would become deserted. There would be too many wild animals for you.
I will not drive them out within a year's time. If I did, the land would become deserted. There would be too many wild animals for you.
I will not drive them out within a year's time. If I did, the land would become deserted. There would be too many wild animals for you. I will drive them a few at a time, until there are enough of you to take possession of the land.
I will drive them a few at a time, until there are enough of you to take possession of the land.
I will drive them a few at a time, until there are enough of you to take possession of the land. I will make the borders of your land extend from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Mediterranean Sea and from the desert to the Euphrates River. I will give you power over the inhabitants of the land. You will drive them out as you advance.
I will make the borders of your land extend from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Mediterranean Sea and from the desert to the Euphrates River. I will give you power over the inhabitants of the land. You will drive them out as you advance.
I will make the borders of your land extend from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Mediterranean Sea and from the desert to the Euphrates River. I will give you power over the inhabitants of the land. You will drive them out as you advance. Do not make any agreement with them or with their gods.
Do not make any agreement with them or with their gods. Do not allow them to live in your land for they will make you sin against me. If you serve their gods it will be a snare to you.
Do not allow them to live in your land for they will make you sin against me. If you serve their gods it will be a snare to you.
Do not allow them to live in your land for they will make you sin against me. If you serve their gods it will be a snare to you.
He took the book of the covenant, in which Jehovah's commandments were written, and read it aloud to the people. They said: We will obey Jehovah. We will do everything that he has commanded.
He took the book of the covenant, in which Jehovah's commandments were written, and read it aloud to the people. They said: We will obey Jehovah. We will do everything that he has commanded.