Reference: Debt
Easton
The Mosaic law encouraged the practice of lending (De 15:7; Ps 37:26; Mt 5:42); but it forbade the exaction of interest except from foreigners. Usury was strongly condemned (Pr 28:8; Eze 18:8,13,17; 22:12; Ps 15:5). On the Sabbatical year all pecuniary obligations were cancelled (De 15:1-11). These regulations prevented the accumulation of debt.
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At the end of every seven years you shall make a release. And this is the manner of the release. Every man who has a loan to his neighbor shall release it. He shall not exact it from his neighbor, or from his brother, because it is called Jehovah's release. read more. You may exact it from a foreigner, but your hand shall release that which is yours with your brother, except when there shall be no poor among you. For Jehovah shall greatly bless you in the land which Jehovah your God gives you for an inheritance to possess it, only if you carefully listen to the voice of Jehovah your God to be careful to do all these commandments which I command you today. For Jehovah your God blesses you as He promised you. And you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow. And you shall reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over you. If there is among you a poor man of one of your brothers inside any of your gates in your land which Jehovah your God gives you, you shall not harden your heart nor shut your hand from your poor brother.
If there is among you a poor man of one of your brothers inside any of your gates in your land which Jehovah your God gives you, you shall not harden your heart nor shut your hand from your poor brother. But you shall open your hand wide to him, and shall surely lend him enough for his need, that which he lacks. read more. Beware that there is not a thought in your wicked heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand, and your eye may be evil against your poor brother, and you give him nothing. And he may cry to Jehovah against you, and it is sin to you. You shall surely give to him, and your heart shall not be grieved when you give to him, because for this thing Jehovah your God shall bless you in all your works, and in all that you put your hand to. For the poor shall never cease out of the land. Therefore, I command you saying, You shall open your hand wide to your brother, to your poor, and to your needy, in your land.
he has not put out his money at interest, nor has he taken a bribe against the innocent. He who does these things shall not be moved forever.
He who increases his wealth by interest and unjust gain, he shall gather it for him who will pity the poor.
he has not given out on usury, nor has taken any increase, he has withdrawn his hand from iniquity, has done judgment between man and man,
has loaned on usury; and has taken increase; shall he then live? He shall not live! He has done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be on him.
has withdrawn his hand from the poor; has not received usury nor increase; has done My judgments; has walked in My statutes; he shall not die for the iniquity of his father; he shall surely live.
In you they have taken bribes to shed blood. You have taken usury and increase, and you gained by extortion of your neighbors, and you have forgotten Me, says the Lord Jehovah.
Give to him who asks of you, and you shall not turn away from him who would borrow from you.
Hastings
DEBT
1. In OT.
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If you lend money to one of My people who is poor beside you, you shall not be to him as a money-lender, neither shall you lay upon him interest.
And you shall sow your land six years, and shall gather in the fruits of it.
You shall take no interest from him, or increase. But you shall fear your God, so that your brother may live with you.
You shall not lend for interest to your brother, interest of silver, interest of food, interest of anything that is loaned on interest.
When you loan a loan of any kind to your brother, you shall not go into his house to bring forth his pledge.
Jehovah shall open to you His good treasure, the heaven to give the rain to your land in its season, and to bless all the work of your hand. And you shall loan to many nations, and you shall not borrow.
He shall loan to you, and you shall not loan to him. He shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.
And a certain woman of the wives of the sons of the prophets cried to Elisha, saying, Your servant my husband is dead. And you know that your servant feared Jehovah. And the lender has come to take my two children to himself for slaves. And Elisha said to her, What shall I do for you? Tell me, what do you have in the house? And she said, Your handmaid has not a thing in the house except a pot of oil. read more. And he said, Go, borrow vessels for yourself from outside, from your neighbors, empty vessels. Do not let them be few. And you shall go in and shut the door on you and your sons. And you shall pour out into all those vessels. And you shall set aside the full ones. And she went from him and shut the door on her and on her sons. They brought to her, and she poured out. And it happened when the vessels were full, she said to her son, Bring me another vessel. And he said to her, There is not a vessel left. And the oil stopped. And she came and told the man of God. And he said, Go, sell the oil and pay your debt, and you and your sons shall live from the rest.
And if the people of the land should bring goods or any food on the Sabbath day to sell it, that we would not buy it from them on the Sabbath or on the holy day, and that we would leave the seventh year, and the interest of every debt.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless; they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
he has not put out his money at interest, nor has he taken a bribe against the innocent. He who does these things shall not be moved forever.
The wicked borrows, and never pays again; but the righteous shows mercy, and gives.
The wicked borrows, and never pays again; but the righteous shows mercy, and gives.
He who has pity upon the poor lends to Jehovah, and He will reward his dealing to him.
The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender.
He who increases his wealth by interest and unjust gain, he shall gather it for him who will pity the poor.
And as it is with the people, so it shall be with the priest; as with the servant, so with the master; as with the handmaid, so it is with her mistress; as with the buyer, so with the seller; as with the lender, so with the borrower; as with the creditor, so with the debtor.
So says Jehovah, Where is your mother's bill of divorce, whom I have put away? Or to which of My creditors have I sold you? Behold, you were sold for your iniquities, and your mother is put away for your sins.
Woe is me, my mother, that you have borne me, a man of strife and a man of contention to the whole earth! I have not loaned, nor have men loaned to me; yet every one curses me.
and forgive us our debts as we also forgive our debtors.
Therefore the kingdom of Heaven has been compared to a certain king who desired to make an accounting with his servants.
Therefore the kingdom of Heaven has been compared to a certain king who desired to make an accounting with his servants.
then you should have put my money to the exchangers, and coming I would have received my own with interest.
And if you lend to those of whom you hope to receive, what thanks do you have? For sinners also lend to sinners, to receive as much again. But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for nothing in return. And your reward shall be great, and you shall be the sons of the Highest. For He is kind to the unthankful and to the evil.
There was a certain creditor who had two debtors. The one owed five hundred denarii, and the other fifty.
So he called every one of his lord's debtors and said; to the first, How much do you owe my lord?
And why did you not give my silver on the bank table, and coming I might have exacted it with interest?
blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and has taken it out of the way, nailing it to the cross.