Reference: Ishmael
American
1. Ge 16; 21, son of Abraham and Hagar, B. C. 1910. He was at first regarded as "the son of the promise;" but after the birth and weaning of Isaac he was driven from his father's house, at the age of about seventeen, and took with his mother the way to Egypt her native land. Overcome with heat and thirst, and then miraculously relieved, he remained in the wilderness of Paran, took a wife from Egypt, and was the father of twelve sons, heads of Arab tribes. He seems to have become on friendly terms with Isaac, and to have attended at the bedside of their dying father. At his own death, he was one hundred and thirty-seven years old, Ge 25:9,17.
The Ishmaelites, his posterity, were said, in the days of Moses, to dwell "from Havilah unto Shur that is before Egypt," that is, in the northwestern part of Arabia. See HAVILAH 2. Subsequently they, with the descendants of Joktan, the fourth from Shem, Ge 10:26-29, and Jokshan, the son of Abraham by Keturah, Ge 25:3, and perhaps also of some of the brethren of Joktan and Jokshan, occupied the whole peninsula of Arabia. See ARABIA. They became very numerous and powerful, according to the divine promise, Ge 17:16. The prediction also in Ge 16:12, has been fully verified in their history. Located near their "brethren" the Jews, they have always led a roving, wild, and predatory life. To a great degree unchanged, they are to this day the untamed though tributary masters of the desert. See MIDIANITES.
2. A prince of Judah, who fled to the Ammonites when Jerusalem was destroyed by the Chaldeans. Soon after, he returned and assassinated Gedaliah the governor and many others; but was obliged to flee for his life, Jer 40-41.
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Now, Joktan, begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah; and Hadoram and Uzai, and Diklah: read more. and Obal and Abimael, and Sheba: and Ophir and Havilah, and Jobab - all these were sons of Joktan.
But, he, will be a wild ass of a man, his hand, against every one, and every ones hand against him - yet, in presence of all his brethren, shall he have his habitation.
and I will bless her, yea moreover will give - from her - to thee, a son, - And I will bless her, and she shall become nations. Kings of peoples, from her, shall arise.
And, Yokshan, begat Sheba and Dedan, - and, the sons of Dedan, were Asshurim and Letushim, and Leummim.
And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre;
And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
Easton
God hears. (1.) Abraham's eldest son, by Hagar the concubine (Ge 16:15; 17:23). He was born at Mamre, when Abraham was eighty-six years of age, eleven years after his arrival in Canaan (Ge 16:3; 21:5). At the age of thirteen he was circumcised (Ge 17:25). He grew up a true child of the desert, wild and wayward. On the occasion of the weaning of Isaac his rude and wayward spirit broke out in expressions of insult and mockery (Ge 21:9-10); and Sarah, discovering this, said to Abraham, "Expel this slave and her son." Influenced by a divine admonition, Abraham dismissed Hagar and her son with no more than a skin of water and some bread. The narrative describing this act is one of the most beautiful and touching incidents of patriarchal life (Ge 21:14-16). (See Hagar.)
Ishmael settled in the land of Paran, a region lying between Canaan and the mountains of Sinai; and "God was with him, and he became a great archer" (Ge 21:9-21). He became a great desert chief, but of his history little is recorded. He was about ninety years of age when his father Abraham died, in connection with whose burial he once more for a moment reappears. On this occasion the two brothers met after being long separated. "Isaac with his hundreds of household slaves, Ishmael with his troops of wild retainers and half-savage allies, in all the state of a Bedouin prince, gathered before the cave of Machpelah, in the midst of the men of Heth, to pay the last duties to the 'father of the faithful,' would make a notable subject for an artist" (Ge 25:9). Of the after events of his life but little is known. He died at the age of one hundred and thirty-seven years, but where and when are unknown (Ge 25:17). He had twelve sons, who became the founders of so many Arab tribes or colonies, the Ishmaelites, who spread over the wide desert spaces of Northern Arabia from the Red Sea to the Euphrates (Ge 37:25,27-28; 39:1), "their hand against every man, and every man's hand against them."
(2.) The son of Nethaniah, "of the seed royal" (Jer 40:8,15). He plotted against Gedaliah, and treacherously put him and others to death. He carried off many captives, "and departed to go over to the Ammonites."
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So Sarai, Abram's wife, took Hagar the Egyptian. her handmaid, at the end of ten years of Abrams dwelling in the land of Canaan, and gave her to Abram her husband, to be to him as a wife.
So Hagar bare to Abram a son, - and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael.
So Abraham took Ishmael his son and all born of his house and all bought with his silver - every male among the men of the house of Abraham, - and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on this selfsame day, according to that which God had spoken with him.
And Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
Now Abraham was a hundred years old, - when Isaac his son was born to him.
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian woman whom she had borne to Abraham laughing!
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian woman whom she had borne to Abraham laughing! So she said to Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, - for the son of this bondwoman must not inherit with my son with Isaac.
So she said to Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, - for the son of this bondwoman must not inherit with my son with Isaac. And the word was very grievous in the eyes of Abraham, - on account of his son. read more. And God said unto Abraham Let it not be grievous in thine eyes concerning the boy and concerning thy bondwoman, In all that Sarah may say unto thee, hearken to her voice, - For in Isaac, shall there be called to thee - a seed. Yet even the son of the bondwoman, will I appoint to become, a nation, because thy seed, he is. So Abraham rose up early in the morning - and took bread and a skin of water and gave unto hagar, - putting them on her shoulder and the child, and sent her forth, - so she went her way and wandered, in the desert of Beer-sheba.
So Abraham rose up early in the morning - and took bread and a skin of water and gave unto hagar, - putting them on her shoulder and the child, and sent her forth, - so she went her way and wandered, in the desert of Beer-sheba. And the water out of the skin was spent, - so she cant the child under one of the shrubs;
And the water out of the skin was spent, - so she cant the child under one of the shrubs; and went and sat her down over against him at a distance like as of such as draw the bow, for she said Let me not look upon the death of the child, - So she sat down over against him, and the boy lifted up his voice, and wept
and went and sat her down over against him at a distance like as of such as draw the bow, for she said Let me not look upon the death of the child, - So she sat down over against him, and the boy lifted up his voice, and wept And God heard the voice of the boy, and a messenger of God called unto Hagar out of the heavens; and said to her, What aileth thee, Hagar? Do not fear, for God hath hearkened unto the voice of the boy where he is. read more. Arise lift up the boy, and hold him up with thy hand, - for, a great nation, will I make him. And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water, - and went and filled the skin with water, and gave drink unto the boy And it came to pass that God was with the boy, and he grew, - and dwelt in the desert, and he became as he grew up, an archer, And he dwelt in the desert of Paran, - and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.
And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre;
And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
And when they had sat down to eat bread, they lifted up their eyes and looked, and lo! a caravan of Ishmaelites, coming in from Gilead, - and, their camels, were bearing tragacanth gum, and balsam and cistus-gum, they were going their way, to take them down to Egypt.
Come and let us sell him to the Ishmaelites; but let not, out own hand, be upon him, for our own brother, our own flesh, is he And his brethren hearkened. And there passed by certain Midianites travelling merchants, so they drew forth and uplifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites, for twenty pieces of silver, - and they brought Joseph into Egypt.
Now, Joseph, was taken down to Egypt, - and Potiphar, courtier of Pharaoh, chief of the royal executioners, an Egyptian bought him, at the hand of the Ishmaelites, who had brought him down thither.
then came they in unto Gedaliah in Mizpah, - both Ishmael son of Nethaniah and Johanan and Jonathan sons of Kareah, and Seraiah son of Tanhumeth and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite and Jezaniah son of the Maachathite, they and their men.
Then, Johanan son of Kareah, spake unto Gedaliah secretly, in Mizpah, saying, - Let me go I pray thee, and smite Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and not, a man, shall know it, - wherefore should he smite thee to death, and all Judah who have gathered themselves unto thee, be dispersed, and the remnant of Judah perish?
Fausets
(See HAGAR; ISAAC; ABRAHAM) ("God hears"); the name of God is El, "the God of might", in relation to the world at large; not Jehovah, His name in relation to His covenant people.
1. Born of Hagar when Abraham was 86 (Ge 16:15-16), dwelling at Mature. "Jehovah," in covenant with Abraham her husband, "heard her affliction" in the wilderness whither she had fled from Sarah. The angel of Jehovah described Ishmael in a prophecy which history is continually verifying, "he will be a wild man," Hebrew a wild donkey man, i.e. fierce and wild as the donkey of the desert, the type of restless unbridled lawlessness. Job 11:12; 24:5; "behold, as wild donkeys in the desert, go they forth to their work, rising betimes for a prey (for traveling in the East is at an early hour, to be before the heat): the wilderness yieldeth food for them and for their children"; i.e., these Bedouin robbers, with the unbridled wildness of the donkey of the desert, go thither. Robbery is "their work"; the wilderness which yields no food to other men "yieldeth food for them" by the plunder of caravans.
His hand will be against every man, and every man's hand against him; an exact picture of Bedouin life." Many conquerors have marched into the Arabian wilderness, but they have never been able to catch this wild donkey and to tame him" (Baumgarten). "And he shall dwell in the presence of (in front of) his brethren," in close proximity to their kindred races, hovering round, but never mingling with them, never disappearing by withdrawal to some remote region, but remaining in that high table land S.E. of Judaea to which Judea may be said to look. Or else "to the E. (for as the orientals faced toward the E. in taking the points of the compass, the front meant the E.) of his brethren." In Job 1:3 the Arabs are called "the sons of the East." Ishmael was circumcised at 13 (Ge 17:25), at which age Arabs and Muslims therefore still circumcise.
Abraham's love for him appears in his exclaiming, upon God's giving the promise of seed by Sarah, then 90, Abraham himself being 100, "Oh that Ishamel might live before Thee!" whether the words mean that he desires that Ishmael (instead of the seed promised to Sarah) might be heir of the promises, or, as is more consonant with Abraham's faith, that Ishmael might be accepted before God so as to share in blessings. Then God promised: "I have blessed him, ... twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation" (compare Ge 25:12-17). See ISAAC on Ishmael's expulsion for "mocking," and (See HAGAR on Ishmael being called a "child," or "lad" (Ge 25:14-15,17), being at the time 15 or 16; the bread and bottle, but not the child, were "put on her shoulder.")
After God's saving them they "dwelt in the wilderness of Paran," the El Tih, the desert of Israel's wanderings; stretching from the wady Arabah on the E. to the gulf of Suez on the W., and from Sinai on the S. to Palestine on the N. According to eastern usage she, as a parent, chose a wife for her son, an Egyptian, possibly the mother of his 12 sons; rabbinical and Arab tradition give him a second wife; the daughter being termed "sister of Nebaioth" implies probably that the other brothers had a different mother. Esau married his daughter Mahalath before Ishmael's death, for it is written "Esau went unto Ishmael" (Ge 28:9). At 137 Ishmael "died in the presence of all his brethren" (Ge 25:17-18); i.e., fulfilling the prediction of the angel of Jehovah to Hagar (see above), Ishmael died, his nomad descendants stretching from Havilah S.E. and Shur S.W. toward the N.E., i.e. Assyria, in fact traversing the whole Arabian desert from the Euphrates to the Red Sea.
Ishmael himself cannot have settled far from Abraham's neighbourhood, for he joined with Isaac in the burial of his father (Ge 25:9), and burial in the East follows a few hours after death. Ishmael first went into the wilderness of Beersheba, then into that of Paran. "The East country" unto which Abraham sent away his sons by concubines, not to be in the way of Isaac, must therefore have been in those regions (Ge 25:6,18). The people of Arabia are called "children of the East," Bene Kedem (Jg 6:3; Job 1:3), in modern times Saracens, i.e. "Easterns" (See EAST.) Ishmael's 12 sons enumerated Ge 25:13-15 were fathers of tribes, as "their towns and their castles," or rather "hamlets," called after them, imply (Nu 31:10). These "hamlets" were collections of rude dwellings of stones piled on one another and covered with tent cloths, often ranged in a circle. (See HAZEROTH.)
The Bible does not, as scepticism asserts, state that all the Arabs sprang from Ishmael. Nay, Joktanites and even Cushites in the S. and S.E. form a large element in Arab blood. In all the northern tribes which are of Ishmaelite descent, the characteristics foretold appear, they are "wild ... their hand against every man, and every man's hand against them"; but in S. Arabia, where Joktanite and other blood exists, these characteristics are less seen. The Ishmaelite element is the chief one of the Arab nation, as the native traditions before Muhammed and the language concur with the Bible in proving. The pagan law of blood revenge necessitates every Arab's knowing the names of his ancestors for four generations, so that the race is well defined.
The term" Ishmaelites" was applied in course of time to the Midianites, sprung from Abraham and Keturah, and not from Ishmael, because the Ishmaelites being the more powerful tribe gave their name as a general one to neighbouring associated tribes (Ge 37:25,28,36; Ps 83:6), the nomad tribes of Arabia (Jg 8:24). Before Muhammed, religion in the middle and S. of Arabia was fetish and cosmic worship, but in the N. relics of the primitive faith of Ishmael survived, and numbers became Karaite Jews or held the corrupt form of Christianity which was all they knew of it. The dissatisfaction felt with both of these creeds pioneered the way for Muhammed's success. The Arab conquerors have won a hundred thrones and established their Mohamedanism from the Senegal to the Indus, from the Euphrates to the Indian Ocean.
3. 2Ch 19:11.
4. 2Ch 23:1.
5. 2Ch 10:19.
6. Son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama of the seed royal of Judah (Jer 40:7-16;Jer 40:15; 2Ki 25:23-25). Possibly descended from Elishama, David's son (2Sa 5:16). During the siege of Jerusalem Ishmael had fled to Baalis, king of Ammon, E. of Jordan. Probably Ishmael was of Ammonite blood on the mother's side, as some Jewish kings had Ammonite women in their harem (1Ki 11:1). Baalis (called from the idol Baal) his host, urged him to slay Gedaliah who under the Babylonian king governed Judaea and the population which had not been carried away. Ishmael's royal descent fired his envy and ambition; hence, he lent a ready ear to the plot proposed by the ancient foe of Judah. Ishmael as well as the brothers Johanan and Jonathan, sons of Kareah, had commanded separate bands which watched the issue of the siege from the S.E. side of Jordan; "the forces in the fields," i.e. the pasture grounds of Moab (Jer 40:7,13), the modern Belka.
These captains crossed the Jordan to pay their respects to Gedaliah at Mizpah, N. of Jerusalem, upon his appointment. In spite of Johanan's open warning of Ishmael's intention, and even private offer to slay Ishmael in order to avert the death of Gedaliah and its evil consequences to the Jewish remnant, the latter in generous unsuspiciousness refused to believe the statement. Thirty days after, in the seventh month Ishmael and "ten men, princes of the king," at an hospitable entertainment given them by Gedaliah slew him with such secrecy that no alarm was given (compare Ps 41:9), and then slew the Jews and Chaldeans, the men of war immediately about his person (not the rest, Jer 40:16), with him. Jeremiah, who usually was residing there, was providentially elsewhere. No man knew it outside Mizpah for a time.
So on the second day fourscore devotees with shaven beards, rent clothes, having cut themselves with pagan mutilations (see Le 19:27-28; De 14:1), were seen by Ishmael from the higher ground on which he was, advancing from the N. with offerings and incense in
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So Hagar bare to Abram a son, - and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael. Now, Abram, was eighty - six years old, - when Hagar bare Ishmael to Abram.
And Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
but, to the sons of the concubines whom Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, - and then sent them away from Isaac his son while he himself yet lived, eastward unto the land of the east.
And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre;
Now, these, are the generations of Ishmael son of Abraham, - whom hagar the Egyptian woman the handmaid of Sarah bare to Abraham; and these, are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names after their generations, - the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam;
and these, are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names after their generations, - the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam; and Mishma and Dumah, and Massa;
Ha-dad, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah: these, same, are the sons of Ishmael and these, their names, by their villages and by their encampments, - twelve princes, after their tribes. read more. And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people. And they stretched their habitations from Havilah as far as to Shur, which is over against Egypt, as thou goest in towards Assyria, - over against all his brethren, he settled down.
And they stretched their habitations from Havilah as far as to Shur, which is over against Egypt, as thou goest in towards Assyria, - over against all his brethren, he settled down.
Esau therefore went unto Ishmael, - and took Mahalath daughter of Ishmael son of Abraham sister of Nebaioth, to himself to wife, in addition to the wives that he had.
And when they had sat down to eat bread, they lifted up their eyes and looked, and lo! a caravan of Ishmaelites, coming in from Gilead, - and, their camels, were bearing tragacanth gum, and balsam and cistus-gum, they were going their way, to take them down to Egypt.
And there passed by certain Midianites travelling merchants, so they drew forth and uplifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites, for twenty pieces of silver, - and they brought Joseph into Egypt.
Now, the Midianites, sold him into Egypt, - to Potiphar courtier of Pharaoh, chief of the royal executioners.
Ye shall not shave in a circle around your head, - nor shalt thou disfigure the fringe of thy beard. Cuttings for a dead person, shall ye not make in your flesh. And punctures in your persons, shall ye not print, - I, am Yahweh.
all their cities also in their sites, and all their encampments, burned they up with fire.
Sons, are ye unto Yahweh your God, - ye shall not cut yourselves, neither shall ye put baldness between your eyes for the dead.
And so it used to be, if Israel had sown, then came up Midian and Amalek and the sons of the east, yea came up against them,
And Gideon said unto them - I would make to you a request, Give me, then, every man the nose-ring of his spoil. For they had, nose-rings of gold, for, Ishmaelites, they were.
And, Joab son of Zeruiah, and the servants of David, went out from Hebron and met, by the pool of Gibeon, together, - and they sat down, these, by the pool, on the one side, and, those, by the pool, on the other side.
But, King Solomon, loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, - women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, Hittites:
And, King Asa, published it unto all Judah, none was exempted, so they carried away the stones of Ramah, and the beams thereof, wherewith Baasha had built, - and King Asa built therewith Geba of Benjamin, and Mizpah.
And, Azel, had six sons, and, these, were their names - Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obediah, and Hanan and Asah, - all these, were sons of Azel.
and, Azel, had six sons, and these are their names - Azrikam, his firstborn , and Ishmael, and Sheariah and Obadiah, and Hanan, and Asah . These, were the sons of Azel.
And his substance was - seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hundred she-asses, and a body of servants exceeding large, - thus was that man the greatest of all the sons of the East.
And his substance was - seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hundred she-asses, and a body of servants exceeding large, - thus was that man the greatest of all the sons of the East.
But, an empty person, will get sense, when, a wild ass's colt, is born a man!
Lo! as wild asses in the wilderness, they go forth with their work, eager seekers for prey, the waste plain, yieldeth them food for their young;
Even the man whom I used to salute, in whom I put confidence, who used to eat my bread, - hath magnified his heel against me!
Now, when all the captains of the forces which were in the field - they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had set Gedaliah son of Ahikam in charge over the land, - and that he had committed to him men and women and children, and the poor of the land of those who had not been carried away captive to Babylon,
Now, when all the captains of the forces which were in the field - they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had set Gedaliah son of Ahikam in charge over the land, - and that he had committed to him men and women and children, and the poor of the land of those who had not been carried away captive to Babylon, then came they in unto Gedaliah in Mizpah, - both Ishmael son of Nethaniah and Johanan and Jonathan sons of Kareah, and Seraiah son of Tanhumeth and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite and Jezaniah son of the Maachathite, they and their men. read more. Then Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan swats unto them, and to their men saying, Do not be afraid of serving the Chaldeans, - dwell in the land and serve the king of Babylon that it may be well with you. But as for me, behold me! remaining in Mizpah, to stand before the Chaldeans who may come unto us, Ye, however, gather ye wine and summer fruits and oil, and put them in your vessels, and dwell in your reties which ye have seized. Likewise also, all the Jews, who were in Moab and among the sons of Ammon and in Edom and who were in any of the lands, when they heard that the king of Babylon had granted a remnant to Judah, and that he had set in charge over them Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, yea, then returned all the Jews out of all the places whither they had been driven, and came into the land of Judah unto Gedaliah, in Mizpah, - and gathered wine and summer fruits in great abundance. But, Johanan son of Kareah, and all the princes of the forces which were in the field, came unto Gedaliah in Mizpah,
But, Johanan son of Kareah, and all the princes of the forces which were in the field, came unto Gedaliah in Mizpah, and said unto him - Dost thou at all know, that, Baalis, king of the sons of Ammon, hath sent Ishmael son of Nethaniah, to smite thee to death? But Gedaliah son of Ahikam, believed them not. read more. Then, Johanan son of Kareah, spake unto Gedaliah secretly, in Mizpah, saying, - Let me go I pray thee, and smite Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and not, a man, shall know it, - wherefore should he smite thee to death, and all Judah who have gathered themselves unto thee, be dispersed, and the remnant of Judah perish?
Then, Johanan son of Kareah, spake unto Gedaliah secretly, in Mizpah, saying, - Let me go I pray thee, and smite Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and not, a man, shall know it, - wherefore should he smite thee to death, and all Judah who have gathered themselves unto thee, be dispersed, and the remnant of Judah perish? Then said Gedaliah son of Ahikam unto Johanan son of Kareah, Thou mayest not do this thing, - for, falsely, art thou speaking against Ishmael.
Then said Gedaliah son of Ahikam unto Johanan son of Kareah, Thou mayest not do this thing, - for, falsely, art thou speaking against Ishmael.
And it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael son of Nethaniah son of Elishama of the seed royal and chiefs of the king, and ten men with him, came in, unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam, at Mizpah, - and they did there eat bread together in Mizpah. Then arose Ishmael son of Nethaniah - and the ten men who were with him and they smote Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan - with the sword and slew him whom the king of Babylon had set in charge, over the land.
Then did Ishmael take captive all the remnant of the people that was in Mizpah, - the daughters of the king, and all the people that were left remaining in Mizpah, whom Nebuzaradan chief of the royal executioners had committed unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam, - yea Ishmael son of Nethaniah took them captive, and departed to pass over unto the sons of Ammon.
But, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, escaped with eight men, from the face of Johanan, - and departed unto the sons of Ammon. Then did Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him take all the remnant of the people whom he had recovered from Ishmael son of Nethaniah out of Mizpah, after he had smitten Gedaliah son of Ahikam, - mighty men, men of war, and women and children and eunuchs, whom he had recovered out of Gibeon;
Then did Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him take all the remnant of the people whom he had recovered from Ishmael son of Nethaniah out of Mizpah, after he had smitten Gedaliah son of Ahikam, - mighty men, men of war, and women and children and eunuchs, whom he had recovered out of Gibeon; and they departed, and dwelt in the khan of Chimham, which is near Bethlehem, - that they might go to enter Egypt; read more. because of the Chaldeans, for they were afraid of them, - because Ishmael son of Nethaniah had smitten Gedaliah son of Ahikam, whom the king of Babylon had set in charge over the land.
but Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces took all the remnant of Judah, who had returned, out of all the nations whither they had been driven to sojourn in the land of Judah: both the men and the women and the children, and the daughters of the king, and every soul that Nebuzaradan chief of the royal executioners had left, with Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, - and Jeremiah the prophet, and Baruch son of Neriah; read more. and entered the land of Egypt, for they hearkened not unto the voice of Yahweh, - yea entered as far as Tahpanhes.
Of the sons of Ammon-Thus saith Yahweh: Hath Israel no, sons? Hath he no, heir? Why hath, Malkam, taken possession of Gad, Or have, his people, in the cities thereof, made their dwelling? Therefore, lo! days are coming, Declareth Yahweh When I will cause to be heard against Rabbah of the sons of Ammon, an alarm of war, So shall she become a mound of desolation, And, her villages, with fire, shall blaze, - Then shall Israel, inherit them who inherited him, Saith Yahweh. read more. Howl, O Heshbon, for Ai is spoiled Make outcry, ye daughters of Rabbah, Gird you with sackcloth, Lament ye and run to and fro among the fences, - For, Malkam, into captivity, shall go, His priests and his princes, together. Why shouldst thou glory in the vales, The flowing of thy vale O apostate daughter? She who is trusting in her treasures, saying, Who shall invade, me? Behold me! bringing upon thee, terror Declareth My Lord, Yahweh of hosts, From all who are round about thee, - And ye shall be driven out every man before it, And there shall be none to bring home the wanderer; But afterwards, will I bring back the captivity of the sons of Ammon, Declareth Yahweh.
Son of man Set thy face against the sons of Ammon, - and prophesy against them. So then thou shalt say to the sons of Ammon, Hear ye the word of my Lord Yahweh: Thus, saith My Lord. Yahweh: Because thou saidst Aha! Against my sanctuary when it was profaned. And against the so of Israel when it was laid waste, And against the house of Judah when they went into exile. read more. Therefore, behold me! delivering thee up to the Sons of the East for a possession And they shall set their encampments in thee, And place in thee their habitations, They, shall eat thy fruits, And they, shall drink thy milk; And I will make of Rabbah a home for camels, And the sons of Ammon a couching-place for flocks, shall ye know that am Yahweh. For thus saith My Lord Yahweh, Because thou didst clap thy hands and stamp with thy foot, - and didst rejoice with all thy contempt in thy soul, against the so of Israel. Therefore behold me! I have stretched out my hand over thee And will deliver thee for a prey to the nations, And will cut thee off from among the peoples, And will cause thee to perish from among the lands, - I will destroy thee, So shalt thou know that IJ am Yahweh.
Speak thou unto all the people of the land, and unto the priests, saying, - When ye fasted and lamented in the fifth and in the seventh, even these seventy years, did ye, really fast, unto, me?
Thus, saith Yahweh of hosts - The fast of the fourth, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the eleventh, shall become to the house of Judah a gladness and a rejoicing, and pleasant appointed meetings, - But, truth and peace, see that ye love.
Hastings
1. The son of Abraham by Hagar. His name, which means 'May God hear,' was decided upon before his birth (Ge 16:11). As in the case of the history of his mother, three documentary sources are used by the narrator. Jahwist supplied Ge 16:4-14, Elohist Ge 21:8-21, whilst Padds such links as Ge 16:15 f., Ge 17:18-27; 25:7-10,12-17. For the story of his life up to his settlement in the wilderness of Paran, the northern part of the Sinaitic peninsula, see Hagar. At the age of thirteen he was circumcised on the same day as his father (Ge 17:25 f.). In Paran he married an Egyptian wife, and became famous as an archer (Ge 21:20 f.). No other incident is recorded, except that he was associated with his step-brother in the burial of their father (Ge 25:9), and himself died at the age of 137 (Ge 25:17).
Ishmael had been resolved into a conjectural personification of the founder of a group of tribes; but the narrative is too vivid in its portrayal of incident and character, and too true in its psychological treatment, to support that view. That there is some idealization in the particulars is possible. Tribal rivalry may have undesignedly coloured the presentment of Sarah's jealousy. The little discrepancies between the documents point to a variety of human standpoints, and are as explicable upon the implication of historicity as upon the theory of personification. The note of all the recorded passions and promptings is naturalness; and the obvious intention of the narrative, with the impression produced upon an uncommitted reader, is that of an attempt at actual biography rather than at the construction of an artificial explanation of certain relationships of race.
In regard to the so-called Ishmaelites, the case is not so clear. Ishmael is represented as the father of twelve sons (Ge 25:12-16; 1Ch 1:29-31), and the phrase 'twelve princes according to their nations' (cf. Ge 17:20) almost suggests an attempt on the part of the writer at an exhibition of his view of racial origins. A further complication arises from the confusion of Ishmaelites and Midianites (Ge 37:28 ff., Jg 8:24,26), though the two are distinguished in the genealogies of Ge 25:1,4,13. Branches of the descendants of the two step-brothers may have combined through similarity of habit and location, and been known sometimes by the one name, and sometimes by the other; but there was clearly no permanent fusion of the two families. Nor is it possible to say whether at any time a religious confederation of twelve tribes was formed under the name of Ishmael, or if the name was adopted, because of its prominence, for the protection of some weaker tribes. The scheme may have even less basis in history, and be but part of an ethnic theory by which the Hebrew genealogists sought to explain the relationships of their neighbours to one another, and to the Hebrews themselves. A dozen tribes, scattered over the Sinaitic peninsula and the districts east of the Jordan, because of some similarity in civilization or language, or in some cases possibly under the influence of correct tradition, are grouped as kinsmen, being sons of Abraham, but of inferior status, as being descended from the son of a handmaid. That the differences from the pure Hebrew were thought to be strongly Egyptian in their character or source, is indicated by the statement that Ishmael's mother and his wife were both Egyptians. The Ishmaelites soon disappear from Scripture. There are a few individuals described as of that nationality (1Ch 2:17; 27:30); but in later times the word could be used metaphorically of any hostile people (Ps 83:6).
2. A son of Azel, a descendant of Saul through Jonathan (1Ch 8:38; 9:44). 3. Ancestor of the Zebadiah who was one of Jehoshaphat's judicial officers (2Ch 19:11). 4. A military officer associated with Jehoiada in the revolution in favour of Joash (2Ch 23:1). 5. A member of the royal house of David who took the principal part in the murder of Gedaliah (Jer 41:1-2). The story is told in Jer 40:7 to Jer 41:15, with a summary in 2Ki 25:23-26. It is probable that Ishmael resented Nebuchadnezzar's appointment of Gedaliah as governor of Jud
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And he went in unto Hagar anti she conceived, - and when she saw that she had conceived, lightly esteemed, was her lady, in her eyes. Then said Sarai unto Abram: My wrong, is, on thee! I, gave my handmaid into thy broom, and when she seeth that she hath conceived, then am lightly esteemed in her eyes Yahweh judge betwixt me and her. read more. And Abram said unto Sarai, Lo! thy handmaid, is in thy hand, do to her what is good in thine eyes. So Sarai humbled her, and she fled from her face. And the messenger of Yahweh b found her by the fountain of water in the desert, - by the fountain in the way to Shur. So he said Hagar! handmaid of Sarai! Whence hast thou come, and whither wouldst thou go? And she said, From the face of Sarai, my lady, am, I, fleeing. And the messenger of Yahweh said to her, Return unto thy lady, - and humble thyself under her hands. And the messenger of Yahweh said to her, I will, greatly multiply, thy seed - so that it shall not be numbered for multitude. And the messenger of Yahweh said to her, Behold thee! with child, and about bearing a son - and thou shalt call his name Ishmael for Yahweh hath hearkened unto thy humiliation.
And the messenger of Yahweh said to her, Behold thee! with child, and about bearing a son - and thou shalt call his name Ishmael for Yahweh hath hearkened unto thy humiliation. But, he, will be a wild ass of a man, his hand, against every one, and every ones hand against him - yet, in presence of all his brethren, shall he have his habitation. read more. And she called the name of Yahweh, who had spoken unto her, Thou GOD of vision! For she said. Do I even here, retain my vision after a vision? On this account, is the well called, the well of the life of vision, lo! it is between Kadesh and Bered. So Hagar bare to Abram a son, - and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael.
And Abraham said unto God, - Oh that, Ishmael, might live before thee! And God said - Truly, Sarah thy wife, is about to bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name, Isaac, - and I will establish my covenant with him as an age-abiding covenant, to his seed after him. read more. Yet as for Ishmael, I have heard thee; o! I have blessed trim and will make him fruitful, and multiply him, exceedingly, - twelve princes, shall he beget, and I will grant him to be a great nation;
Yet as for Ishmael, I have heard thee; o! I have blessed trim and will make him fruitful, and multiply him, exceedingly, - twelve princes, shall he beget, and I will grant him to be a great nation; But my covenant, will I establish with Isaac, - whom Sarah shall bear, to thee, by this set time, in the next year. read more. And he left off speaking with him, - and God went up from Abraham. So Abraham took Ishmael his son and all born of his house and all bought with his silver - every male among the men of the house of Abraham, - and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on this selfsame day, according to that which God had spoken with him. Now Abraham, was ninety-nine years old, - when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. And Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
And Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. On this selfsame day, was Abraham circumcised, - and Ishmael his son; read more. and, all the men of his house, born of his house, and bought with silver from the son of a stranger, were circumcised with him.
And the child grew, and was weaned, - and Abraham made a great banquet, on the day of the weaning of Isaac. And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian woman whom she had borne to Abraham laughing! read more. So she said to Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, - for the son of this bondwoman must not inherit with my son with Isaac. And the word was very grievous in the eyes of Abraham, - on account of his son. And God said unto Abraham Let it not be grievous in thine eyes concerning the boy and concerning thy bondwoman, In all that Sarah may say unto thee, hearken to her voice, - For in Isaac, shall there be called to thee - a seed. Yet even the son of the bondwoman, will I appoint to become, a nation, because thy seed, he is. So Abraham rose up early in the morning - and took bread and a skin of water and gave unto hagar, - putting them on her shoulder and the child, and sent her forth, - so she went her way and wandered, in the desert of Beer-sheba. And the water out of the skin was spent, - so she cant the child under one of the shrubs; and went and sat her down over against him at a distance like as of such as draw the bow, for she said Let me not look upon the death of the child, - So she sat down over against him, and the boy lifted up his voice, and wept And God heard the voice of the boy, and a messenger of God called unto Hagar out of the heavens; and said to her, What aileth thee, Hagar? Do not fear, for God hath hearkened unto the voice of the boy where he is. Arise lift up the boy, and hold him up with thy hand, - for, a great nation, will I make him. And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water, - and went and filled the skin with water, and gave drink unto the boy And it came to pass that God was with the boy, and he grew, - and dwelt in the desert, and he became as he grew up, an archer,
And it came to pass that God was with the boy, and he grew, - and dwelt in the desert, and he became as he grew up, an archer, And he dwelt in the desert of Paran, - and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.
And Abraham took another wife and her name, was Keturah;
And the sons of Midian, Ephah and Epher and Hanoch, and Abida. and Eldaah, - all these, were the sons of Keturah.
Now, these, are the days of the years of the life of Abraham which he lived - a hundred and seventy-five years. So Abraham breathed his last, and died in a fine old age, old and satisfied, - and was gathered unto his people, read more. And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre;
And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre; the field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth, - there, was buried Abraham, with Sarah his wife.
Now, these, are the generations of Ishmael son of Abraham, - whom hagar the Egyptian woman the handmaid of Sarah bare to Abraham;
Now, these, are the generations of Ishmael son of Abraham, - whom hagar the Egyptian woman the handmaid of Sarah bare to Abraham; and these, are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names after their generations, - the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam;
and these, are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names after their generations, - the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam;
and these, are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names after their generations, - the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam; and Mishma and Dumah, and Massa;
Ha-dad, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah: these, same, are the sons of Ishmael and these, their names, by their villages and by their encampments, - twelve princes, after their tribes.
these, same, are the sons of Ishmael and these, their names, by their villages and by their encampments, - twelve princes, after their tribes. And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
And there passed by certain Midianites travelling merchants, so they drew forth and uplifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites, for twenty pieces of silver, - and they brought Joseph into Egypt.
And Gideon said unto them - I would make to you a request, Give me, then, every man the nose-ring of his spoil. For they had, nose-rings of gold, for, Ishmaelites, they were.
And so it was, that the weight of the nose-rings of gold which he requested, was a thousand and seven hundred shekels of gold, - besides the crescents, and the pendants, and the raiment of purple that were upon the kings of Midian, and besides the ornaments that were on the necks of their camels.
And, when all the generals of the forces, they and the men, heard that the king of Babylon had given oversight unto Gedaliah, then came they in unto Gedaliah, at Mizpah, - even Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and Johanan son of Kareah, and Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of a Maacathite, they and their men. And Gedaliah sware unto them, and to their men, and said to them, Do not fear because of the servants of the Chaldeans, - dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you. read more. And it came to pass, in the seventh month, that Ishmael son of Nethaniah a son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, - and the Jews and the Chaldeans who were with him at Mizpah. Then arose all the people, both small and great, and the generals of the forces, and came into Egypt, - for they were afraid of the Chaldeans.
And, Azel, had six sons, and, these, were their names - Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obediah, and Hanan and Asah, - all these, were sons of Azel.
and, Azel, had six sons, and these are their names - Azrikam, his firstborn , and Ishmael, and Sheariah and Obadiah, and Hanan, and Asah . These, were the sons of Azel.
And, over the camels, was Obil, the Ishmaelite. And, over the asses, was Jehdeyahu the Meronothite.
And lo! Amariah the chief priest, is over you as to every matter of Yahweh, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael the chief ruler for the house of Judah, as to every matter of the king, and, as officers, the Levites are before you, - Be strong and act, and Yahweh be with the good!
And, in the seventh year, Jehoiada strengthened himself, and took the rulers of hundreds - even Azariah son of Jeroham, and Ishmael son of Jehohanan, and Azariah son of Obed, and Maaseiah son of Adaiah and Elishaphat son of Zichri - unto himself, in covenant.
And, of the sons of Passhur, Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethanel, Jozabad, and Elasar.
And ere yet he could make reply - Go thou back then unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon hath set in charge over the cities of Judah, and dwell thou with him in the midst of the people, or whithersoever it may be right in thine eyes to go, go! So the chief of the royal executioners gave him an allowance and a present and let him go. Then came Jeremiah unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam to Mizpah, and dwelt with him in the midst of the people who were left in the land. read more. Now, when all the captains of the forces which were in the field - they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had set Gedaliah son of Ahikam in charge over the land, - and that he had committed to him men and women and children, and the poor of the land of those who had not been carried away captive to Babylon,
and said unto him - Dost thou at all know, that, Baalis, king of the sons of Ammon, hath sent Ishmael son of Nethaniah, to smite thee to death? But Gedaliah son of Ahikam, believed them not.
And it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael son of Nethaniah son of Elishama of the seed royal and chiefs of the king, and ten men with him, came in, unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam, at Mizpah, - and they did there eat bread together in Mizpah. Then arose Ishmael son of Nethaniah - and the ten men who were with him and they smote Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan - with the sword and slew him whom the king of Babylon had set in charge, over the land.
then took they all the men, and went their way to fight with Ishmael son of Nethaniah, - and found him near the many waters which were in Gibeon.
But, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, escaped with eight men, from the face of Johanan, - and departed unto the sons of Ammon.
But, Ishmael son of Nethaniah, escaped with eight men, from the face of Johanan, - and departed unto the sons of Ammon.
Speak thou unto all the people of the land, and unto the priests, saying, - When ye fasted and lamented in the fifth and in the seventh, even these seventy years, did ye, really fast, unto, me?
Thus, saith Yahweh of hosts - The fast of the fourth, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the eleventh, shall become to the house of Judah a gladness and a rejoicing, and pleasant appointed meetings, - But, truth and peace, see that ye love.
Morish
Ish'mael
1. Son of Abraham and Hagar the bondmaid of Sarah. Before he was born, when Hagar ran away because of the severity of her mistress, the angel of the Lord appeared to her, and told her to return to her mistress: her seed should be numberless, and she was to call her son's name Ishmael, which signifies 'El shall hear.' He would be a wild man, his hand would be against every man, and every man's hand against him. Abraham prayed that Ishmael might live before God, but typically he represents the seed of Abraham according to the flesh, hence though God answered that He would bless Ishmael, and multiply him exceedingly, he should also beget twelve princes, and God would make him a great nation; yet the covenant should be established with Isaac. When Ishmael was thirteen years old Abraham circumcised him, and all the men of his house. In this act Abraham acknowledged in faith that the blessing asked for his natural seed could not be had through the strength of the flesh: all the mercies of God are secured in resurrection.
At the 'great feast' when Isaac, the child born after the Spirit, was weaned, Ishmael mocked, and Sarah besought Abraham to cast out both mother and son. This was grievous to Abraham, but God, having approved the suggestion, he rose early in the morning, and providing them with some bread and a bottle of water he sent them away. The water was soon consumed, and Hagar in despair placed Ishmael under a shrub, and departed so as not to see him die. The angel of God called to her, showed her a well, and the child was saved. God was with the lad, for he was the seed of Abraham; he dwelt in the wilderness and became an archer. At first he was located in the wilderness of Beer-sheba and afterwards at Paran, a region between Canaan and mount Sinai. His mother chose a woman of Egypt for his wife. His twelve sons are recorded, and their 'towns ' and 'castles,' or encampments, according to their nations, are spoken of. Ishmael was present at the burial of his father and lived 137 years. Ge 16:11-16; 17:18-26; 25:9-17; 28:9; 36:3; 1Ch 1:28-31.
The Bedouin Arabs are doubtless the descendants of Ishmael. They are wild men in the sense of their love of freedom, dwelling in tents, and riding over the desert, spear in hand. They truly are 'against every man,' robbing every one when they can do so with safety to themselves. The Bedouins will not admit their descent from Ishmael; they refer his descendants to the Most (or mixed) Arabians, because Ishmael's mother was an Egyptian. The Bedouins claim to have descended from Joktan, son of Eber. Ge 10:25.
2. Son of Azel, a descendant of Saul. 1Ch 8:38; 9:44.
3. Father of Zebadiah a ruler under Jehoshaphat. 2Ch 19:11.
4. Son of Jehohanan, and one of the 'captains of hundreds' who assisted in setting Joash on the throne. 2Ch 23:1.
5. Priest who had married a strange wife. Ezr 10:22.
6. Son of Nethaniah, of the 'seed royal,' but of what family is not known. His craft and ferocity show that he was unworthy of a throne. He treacherously slew Gedaliah, whom the king of Babylon had made governor over the cities of Judah, and all the Jews that were with him in Mizpah. He followed up this crime by the cruel and treacherous murder of eighty men from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria, who were bringing gifts to the temple, only ten being spared. He then carried away captive all that were left in Mizpah, and departed to go over to the Ammonites; but Johanan the son of Kareah, and those with him, rescued the captives. Ishmael escaped and is heard of no more. 2Ki 25:23-25; Jer 40:8-16; 41.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And to Eber, were born two sons, - the name of the one was Peleg, for in his days, was the earth divided, and the name of his brother was Joktan.
And the messenger of Yahweh said to her, Behold thee! with child, and about bearing a son - and thou shalt call his name Ishmael for Yahweh hath hearkened unto thy humiliation. But, he, will be a wild ass of a man, his hand, against every one, and every ones hand against him - yet, in presence of all his brethren, shall he have his habitation. read more. And she called the name of Yahweh, who had spoken unto her, Thou GOD of vision! For she said. Do I even here, retain my vision after a vision? On this account, is the well called, the well of the life of vision, lo! it is between Kadesh and Bered. So Hagar bare to Abram a son, - and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael. Now, Abram, was eighty - six years old, - when Hagar bare Ishmael to Abram.
And Abraham said unto God, - Oh that, Ishmael, might live before thee! And God said - Truly, Sarah thy wife, is about to bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name, Isaac, - and I will establish my covenant with him as an age-abiding covenant, to his seed after him. read more. Yet as for Ishmael, I have heard thee; o! I have blessed trim and will make him fruitful, and multiply him, exceedingly, - twelve princes, shall he beget, and I will grant him to be a great nation; But my covenant, will I establish with Isaac, - whom Sarah shall bear, to thee, by this set time, in the next year. And he left off speaking with him, - and God went up from Abraham. So Abraham took Ishmael his son and all born of his house and all bought with his silver - every male among the men of the house of Abraham, - and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on this selfsame day, according to that which God had spoken with him. Now Abraham, was ninety-nine years old, - when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. And Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. On this selfsame day, was Abraham circumcised, - and Ishmael his son;
And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre; the field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth, - there, was buried Abraham, with Sarah his wife. read more. And it came to pass after the death of Abraham, that God blessed Isaac his son, - and Isaac dwelt by Beer-lahai-roi. Now, these, are the generations of Ishmael son of Abraham, - whom hagar the Egyptian woman the handmaid of Sarah bare to Abraham; and these, are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names after their generations, - the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam; and Mishma and Dumah, and Massa; Ha-dad, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah: these, same, are the sons of Ishmael and these, their names, by their villages and by their encampments, - twelve princes, after their tribes. And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people.
Esau therefore went unto Ishmael, - and took Mahalath daughter of Ishmael son of Abraham sister of Nebaioth, to himself to wife, in addition to the wives that he had.
And, when all the generals of the forces, they and the men, heard that the king of Babylon had given oversight unto Gedaliah, then came they in unto Gedaliah, at Mizpah, - even Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and Johanan son of Kareah, and Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of a Maacathite, they and their men. And Gedaliah sware unto them, and to their men, and said to them, Do not fear because of the servants of the Chaldeans, - dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you. read more. And it came to pass, in the seventh month, that Ishmael son of Nethaniah a son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, - and the Jews and the Chaldeans who were with him at Mizpah.
And, Azel, had six sons, and, these, were their names - Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obediah, and Hanan and Asah, - all these, were sons of Azel.
and, Azel, had six sons, and these are their names - Azrikam, his firstborn , and Ishmael, and Sheariah and Obadiah, and Hanan, and Asah . These, were the sons of Azel.
And lo! Amariah the chief priest, is over you as to every matter of Yahweh, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael the chief ruler for the house of Judah, as to every matter of the king, and, as officers, the Levites are before you, - Be strong and act, and Yahweh be with the good!
And, in the seventh year, Jehoiada strengthened himself, and took the rulers of hundreds - even Azariah son of Jeroham, and Ishmael son of Jehohanan, and Azariah son of Obed, and Maaseiah son of Adaiah and Elishaphat son of Zichri - unto himself, in covenant.
And, of the sons of Passhur, Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethanel, Jozabad, and Elasar.
then came they in unto Gedaliah in Mizpah, - both Ishmael son of Nethaniah and Johanan and Jonathan sons of Kareah, and Seraiah son of Tanhumeth and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite and Jezaniah son of the Maachathite, they and their men. Then Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan swats unto them, and to their men saying, Do not be afraid of serving the Chaldeans, - dwell in the land and serve the king of Babylon that it may be well with you. read more. But as for me, behold me! remaining in Mizpah, to stand before the Chaldeans who may come unto us, Ye, however, gather ye wine and summer fruits and oil, and put them in your vessels, and dwell in your reties which ye have seized. Likewise also, all the Jews, who were in Moab and among the sons of Ammon and in Edom and who were in any of the lands, when they heard that the king of Babylon had granted a remnant to Judah, and that he had set in charge over them Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, yea, then returned all the Jews out of all the places whither they had been driven, and came into the land of Judah unto Gedaliah, in Mizpah, - and gathered wine and summer fruits in great abundance. But, Johanan son of Kareah, and all the princes of the forces which were in the field, came unto Gedaliah in Mizpah, and said unto him - Dost thou at all know, that, Baalis, king of the sons of Ammon, hath sent Ishmael son of Nethaniah, to smite thee to death? But Gedaliah son of Ahikam, believed them not. Then, Johanan son of Kareah, spake unto Gedaliah secretly, in Mizpah, saying, - Let me go I pray thee, and smite Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and not, a man, shall know it, - wherefore should he smite thee to death, and all Judah who have gathered themselves unto thee, be dispersed, and the remnant of Judah perish? Then said Gedaliah son of Ahikam unto Johanan son of Kareah, Thou mayest not do this thing, - for, falsely, art thou speaking against Ishmael.
Smith
Ish'mael
(whom God hears).
1. The son of Abraham by Hagar the Egyptian his concubine; born when Abraham was fourscore and six years old.
(B.C. 1910.) Ishmael was the first-born of his father. He was born in Abraham's house when he dwelt in the plain of Mamre; and on the institution of the covenant of circumcision, was circumcised, he being then thirteen years old
With the institution of the covenant, God renewed his promise respecting Ishmael. He does not again appear in the narrative until the weaning of Isaac. At the great feast made in celebration of the weaning, "Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had borne unto Abraham, mocking," and urged Abraham to cast him and his mother out. Comforted by the renewal of God's promise to make of Ishmael a great nation, Abraham sent them away, and they departed and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba. His mother took Ishmael a wife out of the land of Egypt."
This wife of Ishmael was the mother of the twelve sons and one daughter. Of the later life of Ishmael we know little. He was present with Isaac at the burial of Abraham. He died at the age of 137 years.
The sons of Ishmael peopled the north and west of the Arabian peninsula, and eventually formed the chief element of the Arab nation, the wandering Bedouin tribes. They are now mostly Mohammedans who look to him as their spiritual father, as the Jews look to Abraham. Their language, which is generally acknowledged to have been the Arabic community so called, has been adopted with insignificant exceptions throughout Arabia. The term "Ishmaelite" occur on three occasions:
Ge 37:25,27-28; 39:1; Jg 8:24; Ps 83:6
2. One of the sons of Azel, a descendant of Saul through Meribbaal or Mephibosheth.
3. A man of Judah, father of Zebadiah.
4. Another man of Judah, son of Jehohanan; one of the captains of hundreds who assisted Jehoiada in restoring Joash to the throne.
5. A priest of the Bene-Pashur, who was forced by Ezra to relinquish his foreign wife.
6. The son of Nethaniah; a perfect marvel of craft and villainy, whose treachery forms one of the chief episodes of the history of the period immediately succeeding the first fall of Jerusalem. His exploits are related in
with a short summary. During the siege of the city he had fled across the Jordan where he found a refuge at the court of Baalis. After the departure of the Chaldeans, Ishmael made no secret of his intention to kill the superintendent left by the king of Babylon and usurp his position. Of this Zedaliah was warned in express terms by Johanan and his companions, but notwithstanding entertained Ishmael and his followers at a feast,
during which Ishmael murdered Gedaliah and all his attendants. The same night he killed all Zedaliah's establishment, including some Chaldean soldiers who were there. For two days the massacre remained entirely unknown to the people of the town. On the second day eighty devotees were bringing incense and offerings to the ruins of the temple. At his invitation they turned aside to the residence of the superintendent, and there Ishmael and his band butchered nearly the whole number: ten only escaped by offering a heavy ransom for their lives. This done he descended to the town, surprised and carried off the daughters of King Zedekiah, who had been sent there by Nebuchadnezzar for safety, with their eunuchs and their Chaldean guard,
and all the people of the town, and made off with his prisoners to the country of the Ammonites. The news of the massacre had by this time got abroad, and Ishmael was quickly pursued by Johanan and his companions. He was attacked, two of his bravos slain, the whole of the prey recovered; and Ishmael himself with the remaining eight of his people, escaped to the Ammonites.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
So Hagar bare to Abram a son, - and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael. Now, Abram, was eighty - six years old, - when Hagar bare Ishmael to Abram.
On this selfsame day, was Abraham circumcised, - and Ishmael his son;
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian woman whom she had borne to Abraham laughing! So she said to Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, - for the son of this bondwoman must not inherit with my son with Isaac. read more. And the word was very grievous in the eyes of Abraham, - on account of his son. And God said unto Abraham Let it not be grievous in thine eyes concerning the boy and concerning thy bondwoman, In all that Sarah may say unto thee, hearken to her voice, - For in Isaac, shall there be called to thee - a seed. Yet even the son of the bondwoman, will I appoint to become, a nation, because thy seed, he is. So Abraham rose up early in the morning - and took bread and a skin of water and gave unto hagar, - putting them on her shoulder and the child, and sent her forth, - so she went her way and wandered, in the desert of Beer-sheba. And the water out of the skin was spent, - so she cant the child under one of the shrubs; and went and sat her down over against him at a distance like as of such as draw the bow, for she said Let me not look upon the death of the child, - So she sat down over against him, and the boy lifted up his voice, and wept And God heard the voice of the boy, and a messenger of God called unto Hagar out of the heavens; and said to her, What aileth thee, Hagar? Do not fear, for God hath hearkened unto the voice of the boy where he is. Arise lift up the boy, and hold him up with thy hand, - for, a great nation, will I make him. And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water, - and went and filled the skin with water, and gave drink unto the boy And it came to pass that God was with the boy, and he grew, - and dwelt in the desert, and he became as he grew up, an archer, And he dwelt in the desert of Paran, - and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.
And these, are the years of the life of Ishmael, a hundred and thirty-seven years, - and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered unto his people. And they stretched their habitations from Havilah as far as to Shur, which is over against Egypt, as thou goest in towards Assyria, - over against all his brethren, he settled down.
And when they had sat down to eat bread, they lifted up their eyes and looked, and lo! a caravan of Ishmaelites, coming in from Gilead, - and, their camels, were bearing tragacanth gum, and balsam and cistus-gum, they were going their way, to take them down to Egypt.
Come and let us sell him to the Ishmaelites; but let not, out own hand, be upon him, for our own brother, our own flesh, is he And his brethren hearkened. And there passed by certain Midianites travelling merchants, so they drew forth and uplifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites, for twenty pieces of silver, - and they brought Joseph into Egypt.
Now, Joseph, was taken down to Egypt, - and Potiphar, courtier of Pharaoh, chief of the royal executioners, an Egyptian bought him, at the hand of the Ishmaelites, who had brought him down thither.
And Gideon said unto them - I would make to you a request, Give me, then, every man the nose-ring of his spoil. For they had, nose-rings of gold, for, Ishmaelites, they were.
And, Azel, had six sons, and, these, were their names - Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obediah, and Hanan and Asah, - all these, were sons of Azel.
and, Azel, had six sons, and these are their names - Azrikam, his firstborn , and Ishmael, and Sheariah and Obadiah, and Hanan, and Asah . These, were the sons of Azel.
And lo! Amariah the chief priest, is over you as to every matter of Yahweh, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael the chief ruler for the house of Judah, as to every matter of the king, and, as officers, the Levites are before you, - Be strong and act, and Yahweh be with the good!
So they made way for her, and she came into the entrance of the horse-gate of the house of the king, - and they slew her there.
And, of the sons of Passhur, Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethanel, Jozabad, and Elasar.
The thing that happened unto Jeremiah, from Yahweh, after Nebuzaradan chief of the royal executioners had let him go from Ramah, - when he had taken him, he having been bound in fetters in the midst of all the captive-host of Jerusalem, and Judah, who were being carried away captive to Babylon.
Now, when all the captains of the forces which were in the field - they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had set Gedaliah son of Ahikam in charge over the land, - and that he had committed to him men and women and children, and the poor of the land of those who had not been carried away captive to Babylon,
And it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael son of Nethaniah son of Elishama of the seed royal and chiefs of the king, and ten men with him, came in, unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam, at Mizpah, - and they did there eat bread together in Mizpah.
Then did Ishmael take captive all the remnant of the people that was in Mizpah, - the daughters of the king, and all the people that were left remaining in Mizpah, whom Nebuzaradan chief of the royal executioners had committed unto Gedaliah son of Ahikam, - yea Ishmael son of Nethaniah took them captive, and departed to pass over unto the sons of Ammon.
Then did Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him take all the remnant of the people whom he had recovered from Ishmael son of Nethaniah out of Mizpah, after he had smitten Gedaliah son of Ahikam, - mighty men, men of war, and women and children and eunuchs, whom he had recovered out of Gibeon;
Then did Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him take all the remnant of the people whom he had recovered from Ishmael son of Nethaniah out of Mizpah, after he had smitten Gedaliah son of Ahikam, - mighty men, men of war, and women and children and eunuchs, whom he had recovered out of Gibeon;