Reference: Judgment
American
Is put, in Mt 5:21-22, for a court of judgment, a tribunal, namely, the tribunal of seven judges, which Josephus mentions as existing in every city, and which decided causes of minor importance. See under SYNAGOGUE.
For the expression, "judgment-hall," see PRETORIUM.
THE DAY OF JUDGMENT, for which the word "judgment" alone is sometimes used, is that great day, at the end of the world and of time, when Christ shall sit as judge over all the universe, and when every individual of the human race will be judged and recompensed according to his works, whether they be good or evil. The time of its coming and its duration are known only to God. It will break upon the world suddenly, and with a glorious but awful majesty. It will witness the perfect vindication of all the ways of God. The revelation of his justice, appalling but unstained, will fill the universe with approving wonder; but the revelation of his yet more amazing goodness will crown him with unutterable glory. The Redeemer especially will then receive his reward, and be glorified in his saints, who shall be raised from the dead in his likeness. He will divide all mankind into tow classes: all the righteous will be in one, and all the wicked in the other; all that love God in the one, and all that hate him in the other; all that penitently believed in Christ while they lived in the one, and all that died impenitent and unbelieving in the other. And this judgement and separation will be eternal: the former will rise in holiness and joy, and the latter sink in sin and woe forever, Ec 11:9; Da 12:2; Mt 10:15; 12:36; 25:31-46; 26:64; Joh 5:22; Ac 17:31; Ro 14:10-12; 2Th 1:7-10; 2Pe 2:9; 3:7; 1Jo 4:17; Re 20:12-15.
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Rejoice, O young man, in thy youth; and thy heart shall do thee good in the days of thy youth, and go in the ways of thy heart, and in the sight of thine eyes: and know thou, that for all these God will bring thee into judgment
And many sleeping in the earth of dust shall awake, these to eternal life, and these to reproach and eternal abhorrence.
Ye have heard that it was said to the ancients, Thou shalt not kill: and whoever should kill shall be subject to judgment: But I say to you, That every one becoming angry with his brother, shall be subject to judgment: and whoever should say to his brother, Raca, should be, subject to the council: and whoever should say, O foolish, shall be subject to a hell of fire.
Verily I say to you, it shall be more supportable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.
And I say to you, That every idle word which men speak, they shill return word for it in the day of judgment.
And when the Son of man should come in his glory, and all his holy messengers with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: And all nations shall be gathered together before him, and he shall separate them from one another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the kids: . read more. And he shall set the sheep from his right, and the kids from his left. Then shall the king say to them from his right, Come, the praised of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world: For I was hungry, and ye gave me to eat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me to drink: I was a stranger, and ye brought me in: Naked, and ye put around me: I was sick, and ye reviewed me: I was in prison, and ye came to me. Then shall the just answer him saying, Lord, when saw we thee hungering, and nourished or thirsting, and gave to drink And when saw we thee a stranger, and brought in or naked, and put around And when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came to thee? And the king having answered, will say to them, Trull I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did to one of the least of my brethren, ye did to me. Then shall he say to them from the left, Go away from me, the cursed, into eternal fire, prepared for the devil and his messengers: For I was hungry, and ye gave me not to eat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink; I was a stranger and ye brought me not in; naked, and ye put not around me; sick, and in prison, and ye took not a view of me. Then shall they answer him, they also saying, Lord, when saw we thee hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and attended not to thee? Then shall he answer them saying, Inasmuch as ye did not to one of the least of these, ye did not to me. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: and the just into eternal life.
And Jesus says to him, Thou hast said: but I say to you, from henceforth ye shall see the Son of man, sitting from the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.
For the Father judges no one, but he has given all judgment to the Son:
Wherefore he set a day, in which he is about to judge the habitable globe in justice by the man whom he appointed; having offered faith to all, having raised him from the dead.
And why judgest thou thy brother? or why also despisest thou thy brother? for we shall all stand at the judgment seat of Christ. For it has been written, I live, says the Lord, for to me shall every knee bend, and every tongue acknowledge to God. read more. So therefore shall each of us give word for himself to God.
And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is of life: and the dead were judged from the things written in the books, according to their works. And the sea gave the dead in it; and death and hades gave the dead in them: and they were judged each one according to their works. read more. And death and hades were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death. And if any was not found written in the book of life, he was cast into the lake of fire.
Hastings
Biblical eschatology centres about the Judgment to which all humanity is to be subjected at the end of this 'age.' As the introduction to the Messianic Age, it was expected to occur at a definite time in the future, and would take place in the heavens, to which all humanity, whether living or dead, would be raised from Sheol. The judge was sometimes said to be God (Heb 12:23), sometimes His representative, the Christ, assisted by the angels (Ro 2:16; Mt 13:24-30,37-43,47-50; 24:31-45; Cf. Eth. Enoch 48). In Lu 22:30; 1Co 6:2, Christians are also said to be judges. At the Judgment, sentences would be pronounced determining the eternal states of individuals, both men and angels. Those who had done wrong would be doomed to punishment, and those who had accepted Jesus as Christ, either explicitly, as in the case of the Christians, or implicitly, as in the case of Abraham, would be acquitted and admitted to heaven. The question as to the basis of this acquittal gave rise to the great discussion between St. Paul and the Jewish Christians, and was developed in the doctrine of justification by faith.
By its very nature the thought of judgment is eschatological, and can be traced from the conception of the Day of Jehovah of the ancient Hebrews. While the Scripture writers sometimes conceived of disease and misery as the result of sin, such suffering was not identified by them with the penalties inflicted at the Judgment. These were strictly eschatological, and included non-participation in the resurrection of the body, and suffering in hell. (See Abyss, Day of the Lord, Book of Life, Gehenna.)
For 'judgment' in the sense of justice see art. Justice.
Shailer Mathews.
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Another parable set he before them, saying, The kingdom of the heavens was made like a man sowing good seed in his field: And in men's sleeping, his enemy came and sowed tares in the midst of the wheat, and went away. read more. And when the grass sprouted up and made fruit, then appeared the tares also. And the servants of the master of the house having come, said to him, Lord, didst thou not sow good seed in thy field whence therefore has it tares? And he said to them, A man, an enemy, has done this: and his servants said to him, Wilt thou therefore we, having departed, should gather them And he said, No; lest gathering the tares, ye root up the wheat together with them. Suffer both to grow together till harvest; and in time of harvest I will say to the reapers, Gather first the tares, and bind them in bundles to burn them; and gather the wheat into my barn.
And he having answered, said to them, He sowing the good seed is the Son of man: And the field is the world; and the good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom; and the tares are the sons of the evil one; read more. And the enemy having sowed them is the devil; and the harvest is the end of time; and the reapers are the messengers. As therefore the tares are gathered together and burnt in fire; so shall it be in the end of this time. The Son of man shall send forth his messengers, and they shall gather out of his kingdom all scandals, and those doing iniquity; And they shall cast them into a furnace of fire; there shall there be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Then shall the just emit a brilliant light as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He having ears to hear, let him hear.
Again, the kingdom of the heavens is like to a large sweep-net, cast into the sea, and having gathered of every kind: Which, when it was filled, having raised up upon the shore, and having set down, they gathered the good things into vessels, and the rotten things they cast without. read more. So shall it be in the end of time; the messengers shall come forth, and separate the evil from the midst of the just, And they shall cast them into a furnace of fire; there shall there be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
And he shall send his messengers, with the great voice of the trumpet, and they shall bring together his chosen from the four winds, from the extremities of the heavens to the extremities. And from the fig tree learn a parable; When already her young shoot should be tender, and the leaves should spring forth, ye know that summer is near: read more. So also ye, when ye should see all these things, know ye that it is near at the doors. Truly I say to you, That this generation should not pass away, till all these things should be. The heaven and the earth shall pass away, but my words should not pass away. And concerning that day and hour, none know, nor the messengers of the heavens, except my Father only. And as the days of Noe, so shall be the arrival of the Son of man. For as they were in the days of the inundation, eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day Noe came into the ark, And knew not till the inundation came, and took them all away; so also shall be the arrival of the Son of man. Then shall be two in the field; one shall be taken, and one is let go; Two grinding in the mill; one shall be taken, and one let go. Watch therefore; for ye know not what hour your Lord comes. But know this, that if the master of the house had known what watch the thief comes, he had watched, and would not have suffered his house to be undermined. Therefore be ye also prepared: for what hour ye think not, the Son of man comes. Who then is the faithful and discerning servant, which his lord set over his attendance, to give them food in due season
That ye might eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and might sit upon thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
In the day when God shall judge the concealed things of men according to my good news by Jesus Christ.
To the assembly of people, and church of the firstborn, transcribed in the heavens, and to God the Judge of all, and. to the spirits of the just perfected,
Watsons
JUDGMENT, DAY OF, is that important period which shall terminate the present dispensation of grace toward the fallen race of Adam, put an end to time, and introduce the eternal destinies of men and angels, Ac 16:31; 1Co 15:24-26; 1Th 4:14-17; Mt 25:31-46. It is in reference to this solemn period that the Apostle Peter says, "The heavens and the earth which now exist are by the word of God reserved in store unto fire, against the day of judgment, and perdition of ungodly men," 2Pe 3:7. Several eminent commentators understand this prophecy as a prediction of the destruction of Jerusalem. In support of their interpretation, they appeal to the ancient Jewish prophecies, where, as they contend, the revolutions in the political state of empires and nations are foretold in the same forms of expression with those introduced in Peter's prediction. The following are the prophecies to which they appeal:
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For this, the unjust shall not rise up in judgment, and the sinful in the assembly of the just
And all the army of the heavens melted, and the heavens shall roll together as a book, and all their army shall fall away as the leaf falling from the vine, and as a falling from the fig tree.
And I covered the heavens in my quenching thee, and I darkened their stars; and I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not enlighten with its light
A river of fire flowed and went out from before him: thousands of thousands will wait upon him, and myriads of myriads will stand before him: the tribunal sat, and the books were opened.
The earth was moved before his face; the heavens trembled: the sun and the moon were darkened, and the stars took away their shining:
And it was in that day, says the Lord Jehovah, I caused the sun to set at noon, and I darkened the light to the earth in that day:
For thus said Jehovah of armies; Yet once it is a little, and I shake the heavens and the earth and the sea and the dry land.
For the Son of man is about to come in the glory of his Father with his messengers; and then he will give back to each according to his deed.
And quickly after the pressure of those days, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from the heavens, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken;
And when the Son of man should come in his glory, and all his holy messengers with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory:
And when the Son of man should come in his glory, and all his holy messengers with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: And all nations shall be gathered together before him, and he shall separate them from one another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the kids: . read more. And he shall set the sheep from his right, and the kids from his left. Then shall the king say to them from his right, Come, the praised of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world: For I was hungry, and ye gave me to eat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me to drink: I was a stranger, and ye brought me in: Naked, and ye put around me: I was sick, and ye reviewed me: I was in prison, and ye came to me. Then shall the just answer him saying, Lord, when saw we thee hungering, and nourished or thirsting, and gave to drink And when saw we thee a stranger, and brought in or naked, and put around And when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came to thee? And the king having answered, will say to them, Trull I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did to one of the least of my brethren, ye did to me. Then shall he say to them from the left, Go away from me, the cursed, into eternal fire, prepared for the devil and his messengers: For I was hungry, and ye gave me not to eat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink; I was a stranger and ye brought me not in; naked, and ye put not around me; sick, and in prison, and ye took not a view of me. Then shall they answer him, they also saying, Lord, when saw we thee hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and attended not to thee? Then shall he answer them saying, Inasmuch as ye did not to one of the least of these, ye did not to me. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: and the just into eternal life.
Wonder not at this: for the hour comes, in which all they in the tombs shall hear his voice, and shall go forth; They having done good, to rising up of life; and they having done bad, to rising up of judgment.
And they said, Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved, and thy house.
And if we died with Christ, we believe we shall also live with him:
For me to live is Christ, and to die gain.
For ye died, and your life has been hid with Christ in God.
And to you being pressed a release with us, in the revelation of the Lord Jesus from heaven with the angels of his power, In fire of flame giving vengeance to them not knowing God, and to them not listening to the good news of our Lord Jesus Christ: read more. Who shall undergo punishment, eternal ruin from the face of the Lord, and from the glory of his power;
And now the heavens and the earth, by the same word are stored up, being kept for fire to the day of judgment and of the perdition of irreligious men.
And the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in which the heavens shall pass away with a loud noise, and the elements, suffering from excessive heat, shall be dissolved, and the earth and the works in it shall be burned down.
And now, little children, remain in him; that, when he be manifested, we might have freedom of speech, that we be not shamed from him in his presence.
And in those days shall men seek death, and not find it; and shall eagerly desire to die, and death shall flee from them.
And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is of life: and the dead were judged from the things written in the books, according to their works. And the sea gave the dead in it; and death and hades gave the dead in them: and they were judged each one according to their works.