Reference: Rock
Hastings
strength, security, height, etc. (cf. Stanley, P Sinai and Palestine, Appendix). The rocks named in OT are Oreb (Jg 7:25; Isa 10:26), Etam (Jg 15:8), Rimmon (Jg 20:45; 21:13), the crags Bozez and Seneh (1Sa 14:4), Sela-hammahlekoth (1Sa 23:28). In 2Ki 14:7; Isa 16:1; 42:11 'the Rock' (RV 'Sela') is a proper name. Sela or Petra, the rock-city par excellence; in Jg 1:36 (Revised Version margin 'Sela') the identification is doubtful; es-Safieh, 'a bare and dazzling white sandstone promontory 1000 ft. high,' near the south of the Dead Sea, is probably intended. Rocks were the haunt of the eagle (Job 39:28), of the wild goat (v. 1), or the coney (Pr 30:28); cf. Ps 104:18; 30:12 refers to the mysterious gliding of the serpent over a rock; Am 6:12, to the proverbial impossibility of horses running over crags. De 32:13 emphasizes the fact that in Palestine even the rocks are the home of bees (Ps 81:16; Isa 7:19), and the rocky soil produces olives (Job 29:6). Besides this natural marvel, we have the miracles of Ex 17:6; Nu 20:8 etc. In 1Co 10:4 St. Paul follows a wide-spread Jewish hagg
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Behold, I will stand there before thee upon a rock in Horeb: and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out thereof, that the people may drink." And Moses did even so before the elders of Israel.
"And these are the names of the men that shall stand with you: in Reuben, Elizur the son of Shedeur; In Simeon, Shelumiel: the son of Zurishaddai;
Among the children of Joseph: In Ephraim, Elishama the son of Ammihud; In Manasseh, Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur;
And the captain of the most ancient house among the kindreds of the Merarites, was Zuriel the son of Abihail, which pitched on the north side of the dwelling.
"Take the staff and gather, thou and thy brother Aaron, the congregation together; and say unto the rock, before their eyes, that he give forth his water. And thou shalt bring them water out of the rock and shalt give the company drink, and their beasts also."
Then Israel sang this song: "Arise up, well! Sing thereto! The well which the rulers digged, and the captains of the people; with the help of the lawgiver, and with their staves!"
And he looked on the Kenites, and took his parable, and said, "Strong is thy dwelling place, and put thy nest upon a rock.
In like manner the Horites dwelt in Seir, before time: which the children of Esau cast out, and destroyed them before them, and dwelt there in their stead: as Israel did in the land of his possession which the LORD gave them.
He is a Rock, and perfect are his deeds, for all his ways are with discretion. God is faithful and without wickedness, both righteous and just is he.
He set him up upon a high land, and he ate the increase of the fields. And he gave him honey to suck out of the rock, and oil out of the hard stone.
"For our rock is not as their rock; no, though our enemies be judge.
And the coasts of the Amorites was from the going up to Akrabbim, and from the rock upward.
And the angel of God said unto him, "Take the flesh and the sweet cakes and put them upon this rock, and pour out the broth." And he did so.
and make an altar unto the LORD thy God upon the top of this rock and furnish it. And take the second ox and offer burnt sacrifice with the wood of the grove, which thou shalt have cut down."
And they took two captains of the Midianites, Oreb and Zeeb, and slew Oreb upon the rock Oreb, and Zeeb at the press Zeeb and followed after Midian. And brought the heads of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon on the other side Jordan.
And the angel of the LORD said unto Manoah, "Though thou make me abide, I will not eat of thy meat. And moreover, if thou wilt prepare a burnt offering, that thou must offer unto the LORD." For Manoah wist not that it was an angel of the LORD.
And he smote them leg and thigh with a mighty plague. And then he went and dwelt in the cave of the rock Etam.
And they turned and fled to the wilderness ward and unto the rock of pomegranates. And the other slew by the way of the rest of them, five thousand men, and sticked unto them until they came to Gidom, and slew two thousand more of them.
And the whole congregation sent and spake with the children of Benjamin that were in the rock of pomegranates, and called peaceably unto them,
And in the way over by which Jonathan sought to go over unto the garrison of the Philistines, were there two sharp rocks, even one on the one side, and the other one the other side: the one called Bozez, and the other Seneh.
Wherefore Saul returned from persecuting David, and went against the Philistines. And therefore the place is called Selahammahelekoth.
But he took the two sons of Rizpah the daughter of Aiah which she bare unto Saul, Armoni and Miphiyboseth, and the five sons of Merab the daughter of Saul which she bare to Adriel the son of Barzillai the Meholathite,
And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth and spread it under her upon the rock, even from the beginning of harvest until rain dropped upon them out of heaven, and suffered neither the birds of the air to fall on them by day nor beasts of the field by night.
And he said, "Come out and stand before the LORD." And behold, the LORD went by: and a mighty strong wind that rent the mountains and brake the rocks, before him. But the LORD was not in the wind. And after the wind came an earthquake. But the LORD was not in the earthquake.
And he slew of the Edomites in the salt valley, ten thousand, and took the town Sela with strength of battle, and called the name of it Joktheel ever after.
And other ten thousand the children of Judah took alive, and carried them unto the top of a rock and cast them down from the top of the rock that they all to burst:
The mountains fall away at the last, the rocks are removed out of their place;
would God they were graven with an iron pen in lead or in stone.
So that when the showers in the mountains have rained upon them, and they be all wet, they have none other succour, but to embrace the rock for want of a covering.
There putteth he his hand upon the stony rocks, and overthroweth the mountains.
When my ways ran over with butter, and when the stony rocks gave me rivers of oil;
Their dwelling was beside foul brooks, yea in the caves and dens of the earth.
Their dwelling was beside foul brooks, yea in the caves and dens of the earth.
He abideth in the stony rocks, and upon the high tops of hard mountains, where no man can come.
The LORD is my stony rock, and my defense, my Saviour, my God, and my might, in whom I will trust, my buckler, the horn also of my salvation, and my refuge. {TYNDALE: The LORD is my rock, my castle and my deliverer. God is my strength, and in him will I trust: my shield and the horn that defendeth me: mine high hold and refuge.}
For in the time of trouble he shall hide me in his tabernacle; yea in the secret place of his dwelling shall he hide me, and set me up upon a rock of stone.
Therefore shall every good man sing of thy praise without ceasing. O my God, I will give thanks unto thee forever.
He brought me out of the horrible pit, out of the mire and clay; he set my feet upon the rock, and ordered my goings.
He should have fed them also with the finest wheat-flour; and with honey out of the stony rock should I have satisfied thee."
{An exhortation to the earnest praising of God} O come, let us sing unto the LORD; let us heartily rejoice in the strength of our salvation.
The high hills are a refuge for the wild goats, and so are the stony rocks for the conies.
The spider laboureth with her hands, and that in the kings' palace.
Men shall creep into holes of stone, and into caves of the earth, for the fear of the LORD, and from the glory of his majesty: what time as he shall arise to shake the earth.
These shall come, and shall light all in the valleys, and in the vaults of stone, upon all green things, and in all corners.
For he is the sanctifying, and stone to stumble at, the rock to fall upon, a snare and net to both the houses: to Israel, and the inhabiters of Jerusalem.
Moreover, the LORD of Hosts shall prepare a scourge for him, like as was the punishment of Midian upon the mount of Oreb. And he shall lift up his rod over the sea, as he did sometimes over the Egyptians.
Send the Lord of the world a lamb, from the rock that lieth toward the desert, unto the hill of the daughter Zion.
So shalt thou, O Damascus, be desolate: because thou hast forgotten God thy Saviour, and hast not called to remembrance the rock of thy strength. Wherefore thou hast also set a fair plant, and grafted a strange branch.
'What hast thou here to do? And whom hast thou here? That thou shouldest here hew thee out a sepulchre, as it were one that causeth a costly tomb of stone to be made for himself, or that graveth a habitation out of a rock?
Therefore thus sayeth the LORD God: "Behold, I will lay a stone in Zion, a great stone, a costly corner stone, for a sure foundation: that whoso putteth his trust in him, shall not be confounded.
But ye shall sing, as the use is in the night of the holy solemnity. Ye shall rejoice from your heart, as they that come with the pipe, when they go up to the mount of the LORD, unto the rock of Israel.
He shall go for fear to his strongholds, and his princes shall flee from his badge. This hath the LORD spoken, whose light burneth in Zion, and his fire in Jerusalem.
He shall be unto men, as a defense for the wind, and as a refuge for the tempest, like as a river of water in a thirsty place, and the shadow of a great rock in a dry land.
Let the wilderness with her cities lift up her voice; the towns also that be in Cedar. Let them be glad that sit upon rocks of stone; and let them cry down from the high mountains
The whole land shall flee, for the noise of the horsemen and bowmen: they shall run into dens, into woods, and climb up the stony rocks. All the cities shall be void, and no man dwelling therein.
Where as thou, O LORD, lookest only upon faith and truth. Thou hast scourged them, but they took no repentance: thou hast corrected them for amendment, but they refused thy correction. They made their faces harder than stone, and would not amend.
Is not my word like a fire, sayeth the LORD, and like a hammer that breaketh the hard stone?
Ye Moabites shall leave the cities, and dwell in rocks of stone, and become like doves that make their nests in holes.
Thy high stomach and the pride of thy heart have deceived thee; Because thou wilt dwell in the holes of stony rocks, and have the high mountains in possession. Nevertheless, though thy nest were as high as the Eagles, yet will I cast thee down, sayeth the LORD.
These shall break the walls of Tyre, and cast down her towers. I will scrape the ground from her, and make her a bare stone.
I will make a bare stone of thee; yea, a drying place for nets, and shall never be builded again: For even I the LORD have spoken it, sayeth the LORD God.
Who can run with horses, or plow with oxen upon the hard rocks of stone? For why? Ye have turned true judgment into bitterness, and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood.
Who may endure before his wrath? Or who is able to abide his grim displeasure? His anger taketh on like fire, and the hard rocks burst in sunder before him.
But thou, O LORD my God, my holy one: thou art from the beginning, therefore shall we not die. O LORD, thou hast ordained them for punishment, and set them to reprove the mighty.
"Whosoever heareth of me these sayings, and doeth the same, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house on a rock:
Some fell upon stony ground where it had not much earth, and anon it sprung up, because it had no depth of earth:
And I say also unto thee, that thou art Peter. And upon this rock, I will build my congregation: and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
And behold, the veil of the temple did rent in twain from the top to the bottom, and the earth did quake,
And he bought a linen cloth, and took him down and wrapped him in the linen cloth, and laid him in a tomb, that was hewn out of the rock. And rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre.
and rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him even unto the edge of the hill, whereon their city was built, to cast him down headlong.
And some fell on stone, and as soon as it was sprung up, it withered away, because it lacked moistness.
Then fearing, lest they should have fallen on some rock, they cast four anchors out of the stern, and wished for the day.
As it is written, "Behold I put in Zion a stumbling stone, and a rock which shall make men fall. And none that believe on him, shall be ashamed."
and did all drink of one manner of spiritual drink. And they drank of that spiritual rock that followed them, Which rock was Christ.
and receive the reward of unrighteousness. They count it pleasure to live deliciously for a season. Spots they are, and filthiness, living at pleasure, and in deceitful ways feasting with you:
These are spots which of your kindness feast together, without fear, feeding themselves. Clouds they are without water, carried about of winds: and trees without fruit at gathering time, twice dead, and plucked up by the roots.