Reference: Church Government
Hastings
1. The general development seems fairly clear, though its later stages fall beyond NT times. The Apostles were founders of churches, and therefore regulated and supervised the first arrangements; then were added sundry local and unlocal rulers; then the unlocal died out, and the local settled down into the three permanent classes of bishops, elders, and deacons. The chief disputed questions concern the origin of the local ministry, its relation to the other, and the time and manner in which it settled down under the government of (monarchical) bishops.
2. Twice over St. Paul gives something like a list of the chief persons of the Church. In 1Co 12:28 he counts up
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Beginning from the baptism of John, till the day that he was taken up from us, one must be ordained, to be a witness with us of his resurrection.
Then Peter standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said to them, Men of Judea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known to you, and hearken to my words.
And the young men arose, wound him up, and carrying him out, buried him.
Then the twelve calling the multitude of the disciples together, said, It is not right, that we should leave the word of God, and serve tables.
sending it to the elders, by the hand of Barnabas and Saul.
But he beckoning to them with his hand, to be silent, declared to them, How the Lord had brought him out of the prison. And he said, Shew these things to James and to the brethren.
But Elymas, the magician (so is his name by interpretation) withstood them, seeking to turn away the proconsul from the faith.
But when the apostles Barnabas and Paul heard it, they rent their clothes and sprang in among the people, crying out and saying, Sirs, why do ye these things?
And when they had ordained them presbyters in every church, and had prayed with fasting, they commended them to the Lord, on whom they had believed.
And God who knoweth the heart, bare them witness, giving the Holy Ghost to them, even as also to us.
Then it seemed good to the apostles and elders with the whole church, to send chosen men from among them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas, Judas, surnamed Barsabas, and Silas, chief men among the brethren,
And sending to Ephesus from Miletus, he called thither the elders of the church.
Take heed therefore to yourselves and to the whole flock, over which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.
And the next day, we departed and came to Cesarea; and entring into the house of Philip the Evangelist, who was one of the seven, we abode with him. And he had four daughters, virgins, who were prophetesses.
And the next day, Paul went in with us to James, and all the elders were present.
He that imparteth, let him do it with simplicity; he that presideth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with chearfulness.
I commend unto you Phebe our sister, who is a servant of the church in Cenchrea,
my kinsmen, and my fellow-prisoners, who are in repute among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.
I speak to your shame. What, is there not so much as one wise man among you, that shall be able to judge between his brethren?
Wherefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry. I speak as to wise men; judge ye what I say.
But every woman praying or prophesying with her head uncovered, dishonoureth her head; for it is the same as if she were shaved.
Doth not nature itself teach you, that for a man to have long hair, is a disgrace to him?
And God hath set in the church, first, apostles, secondly, prophets, thirdly, teachers: afterward miracles, then gifts of healing, helps, governments, different kinds of tongues.
And God hath set in the church, first, apostles, secondly, prophets, thirdly, teachers: afterward miracles, then gifts of healing, helps, governments, different kinds of tongues.
Afterwards he was seen by above five hundred brethren at once,
Paul an apostle (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father,
But other of the apostles I saw none, save James, the brother of the Lord.
(For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, wrought likewise effectually in me toward the Gentiles:
Built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief cornerstone, On whom all the building fitly framed together,
Which in other ages was not made known to the sons of men, as it hath now been revealed to the holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit,
And he gave some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers;
And he gave some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers;
Paul and Timotheus, the servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints who are at Philippi, with the bishops and deacons,
Now we beseech you, brethren, to know them that labour among you,
In like manner their wives must be serious, not slanderers, vigilant, faithful in all things.
Rebuke not an elder, but exhort him as a father, the younger men as brethren;
Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially those who labour in the word and teaching.
Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially those who labour in the word and teaching.
For this cause I left thee in Crete, that thou mightest set in order the things which remain, and ordain elders in every city, as I appointed thee:
For a bishop must be blameless, as the steward of God; not self-willed, not passionate, not given to wine, no striker, not desirous of filthy gain:
Remember them that had the rule over you, who spake to you the word of God, whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation.
Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves; for they watch over your souls, as they that must give account; that they may do this with joy, and not with groans: for that is unprofitable for you.
But above all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, nor by the earth, nor by any other oath; but let your yea be yea, and your nay nay, lest ye fall into condemnation.
Is any among you sick? let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, having anointed him with oil in the name of the Lord:
The elders that are among you I exhort, who am a fellow-elder, and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and likewise a partaker of the glory which shall be revealed,
But I have against thee, that thou sufferest that woman Jezebel, who callest herself a prophetess, and teacheth and seduceth my servants to commit fornication, and to eat things sacrificed to idols.
And the walls of the city had twelve foundations, and upon them the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.