Reference: James
American
Surnamed the greater, or the elder, to distinguish him from James the younger, was one of the twelve apostles, brother of John the evangelist, and son of Zebedee and Salome, Mt 4:21; 27:56. Compare Mr 15:40. James was of Bethsaida in Galilee, and left his earthly occupation to follow Christ, Mr 1:29,20. His mother Salome was one of those women who occasionally attended our Savior in his journeys, and one day desired that her two sons might be seated at his right and left hand in the kingdom, Mt 20:20-23.
James and John were originally fishermen, with Zebedee their father, Mr 1:19. They were witnesses of our Lord's transfiguration, Mt 17:1-2; and when certain Samaritans refused to receive him, James and John wished for fire from heaven to consume them, Lu 9:54. For this reason, or because of their zeal and energy as ministers of Christ, the name of Boanerges, or sons of thunder, was afterwards given to them, Mr 3:17. Together with Peter they appear to have enjoyed special honors and privileges among the disciples, Mr 1:29; 5:37; 9:2; 13:3; 14:33; Lu 8:51. After the ascension of our Lord, at which James was present, he appears to have remained at Jerusalem, and was put to death by Herod, about A. D. 44, the first martyr among the apostles, Ac 12:1-2.
Another apostle, son of Alphaeus, or Cleophas, Mt 10:3; Mr 3:18; Lu 6:15. His mother's name was Mary, (3) and his brethren were Joses and Judas, (3) Mt 27:56; Mr 15:40. He is here called THE LESS, or the younger, to distinguish him from James the son of Zebedee.
The Lord's brother, Ga 1:19; either a brother a Christ, being a son of Joseph and Mary; or as many think, a cousin of Christ, and identical with the James above, 2. He resided at Jerusalem, Ac 15:13; and is called "the Just" by Josephus, and said to have been stoned to death, about A. D. 62. The epistle of James is ascribed to him by those who distinguish him from James the Less. The question of his true relationship to Christ is involved in much doubt. The gospels repeatedly mention James, Joses, Juda, and Simon, as "brothers" of our Lord, and speak in the same connection of his "mother" and his "sisters," Mt 12:46; 13:56; Mr 3:31; 6:3; Lu 8:19; moreover, the inspired writers expressly distinguish the brothers of Christ from the apostles both James the Less and Jude, Joh 2:12; 7:3-10; Ac 1:13-14, thus furnishing strong reasons, as many believe, for the opinion that James the Just was literally a brother of our Lord.
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And, going forward from thence, he saw other two brethren - James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother - in the boat with Zebedee their father, putting in order their nets, - and he called them.
Philip, and Bartholomew, - Thomas, and Matthew, the tax-collector; James, the son of Alphaeus, and Thadaeus;
While yet he was speaking unto the multitudes, lo! his mother and brethren, were standing without, seeking to speak with him.
and, his sisters, are they not all with us? Whence, then hath, this one, all these things?
And, after six days, Jesus taketh with him, Peter and James and John his brother, and bringeth them up into a high mountain, apart; and was transformed before them, - and his face shone as the sun, and, his garments, became white as the light.
Then came unto him the mother of the sons of Zebedee, with her sons, bowing down, and asking something from him. And, he, said to her - What desirest thou? She saith unto him - Bid, that these my two sons may sit, one on thy right hand, and one on thy left, in thy kingdom. read more. But Jesus, answering, said - Ye know not what ye are asking: Are ye able to drink the cup, which, I, am about to drink; They say unto him - We are able. He saith unto them - My cup, indeed, ye shall drink; but, to sit on my right hand and on my left, is not mine to give, - except unto those for whom it hath been prepared by my Father.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
And, going forward a little, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, and them who were in the boat putting in order the nets; and, straightway, he called them, - and, leaving their father Zebedee in the boat, with the hired men, they came away after him.
And, straightway, out of the synagogue, going forth, he went unto the house of Simon and Andrew, with James and John.
And, straightway, out of the synagogue, going forth, he went unto the house of Simon and Andrew, with James and John.
and James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (and imposed on them a name - Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder); and Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the zealot;
And there come his mother and his brethren, and, standing, outside, they sent unto him, calling him.
And he suffered no one to follow with him, save Peter and James and John the brother of James.
Is not, this, the carpenter? the son of Mary, the brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? And are not his sisters here with us? - and they were finding cause of stumbling in him.
And, after six days, Jesus taketh with him Peter and James and John, and bringeth them up into a high mountain, apart, alone, - and he was transformed before them;
And, as he was sitting within the mount of Olives, over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew were questioning him, privately -
And he taketh Peter and James and John with him, and began to be exceedingly amazed, and in great distress;
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
and Matthew and Thomas; and James, son of Alphaeus, and Simon, who was called Zealot; and Judas, son of James,
And his mother and brethren came near unto him, and were unable to reach him, because of the multitude.
And, when he came into the house, he suffered no one to enter with him, save Peter and John and James, and the father of the girl, and the mother.
And the disciples James and John, seeing it, said - Lord! wilt thou, that we bid fire come down from heaven, and destroy them?
After this, he came down into Capernaum, - he, and his mother and brethren, and his disciples; and, there, they abode, not many days.
His brethren, therefore, said unto him - Remove hence, and withdraw into Judaea, that, thy disciples also, may view thy works which thou art doing. For, no one, anything in secret, doeth, and yet is seeking, himself, to be well-known. If, these things, thou art doing, manifest thyself unto the world. read more. For, not even his brethren, were believing on him. Jesus, therefore, saith unto them - My season, not yet, is here; but, your season, at anytime, is ready: The world cannot hate you; but, me, it hateth, because, I, bear witness concerning it, that, the works thereof, are, wicked. Ye, go up unto the feast: I, not yet, am coming up unto this feast, because, my season, not yet, hath fully come. And, these things, having said unto them, he was still abiding in Galilee. But, when his brethren had gone up unto the feast, then, he also, went up, - not openly, but as it were in secret.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James. These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
Now, in the course of that season, Herod the king thrust forth his hands to harm some of them of the assembly, - And slew James the brother of John with a sword;
And, after they held their peace, James answered, saying - Brethren! hearken unto me.
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
Easton
(1.) The son of Zebedee and Salome; an elder brother of John the apostle. He was one of the twelve. He was by trade a fisherman, in partnership with Peter (Mt 20:20; 27:56). With John and Peter he was present at the transfiguration (Mt 17:1; Mr 9:2), at the raising of Jairus's daughter (Mr 5:37-43), and in the garden with our Lord (Mr 14:33). Because, probably, of their boldness and energy, he and John were called Boanerges, i.e., "sons of thunder." He was the first martyr among the apostles, having been beheaded by King Herod Agrippa (Ac 12:1-2), A.D. 44. (Comp. Mt 4:21; 20:20-23).
(2.) The son of Alphaeus, or Cleopas, "the brother" or near kinsman or cousin of our Lord (Ga 1:18-19), called James "the Less," or "the Little," probably because he was of low stature. He is mentioned along with the other apostles (Mt 10:3; Mr 3:18; Lu 6:15). He had a separate interview with our Lord after his resurrection (1Co 15:7), and is mentioned as one of the apostles of the circumcision (Ac 1:13). He appears to have occupied the position of head of the Church at Jerusalem, where he presided at the council held to consider the case of the Gentiles (Ac 12:17; 15:13-28:31; 21:18-24). This James was the author of the epistle which bears his name.
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And, going forward from thence, he saw other two brethren - James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother - in the boat with Zebedee their father, putting in order their nets, - and he called them.
Philip, and Bartholomew, - Thomas, and Matthew, the tax-collector; James, the son of Alphaeus, and Thadaeus;
And, after six days, Jesus taketh with him, Peter and James and John his brother, and bringeth them up into a high mountain, apart;
Then came unto him the mother of the sons of Zebedee, with her sons, bowing down, and asking something from him.
Then came unto him the mother of the sons of Zebedee, with her sons, bowing down, and asking something from him. And, he, said to her - What desirest thou? She saith unto him - Bid, that these my two sons may sit, one on thy right hand, and one on thy left, in thy kingdom. read more. But Jesus, answering, said - Ye know not what ye are asking: Are ye able to drink the cup, which, I, am about to drink; They say unto him - We are able. He saith unto them - My cup, indeed, ye shall drink; but, to sit on my right hand and on my left, is not mine to give, - except unto those for whom it hath been prepared by my Father.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
and Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the zealot;
And he suffered no one to follow with him, save Peter and James and John the brother of James. And they come into the house of the synagogue-ruler, and he observeth a tumult, and persons weeping and wailing greatly; read more. and, entering, he saith unto them - Why are ye making a tumult, and weeping? The child, is, not dead, but, is sleeping; and they were deriding him. But, he, thrusting all forth, taketh with him the father of the child, and the mother, and them who were with him, - and entereth where the child was; and, grasping the hand of the child, he saith unto her - Talitha, koum! which is, when translated - O damsel! to thee, I say, Arise! And, straightway, the damsel arose, and was walking about; for she was twelve years of age. And they were beside themselves, straightway, with a great transport; and he commanded them, again and again, that, no one, should get to know this thing, - and bade that food should be given her to eat.
And, after six days, Jesus taketh with him Peter and James and John, and bringeth them up into a high mountain, apart, alone, - and he was transformed before them;
And he taketh Peter and James and John with him, and began to be exceedingly amazed, and in great distress;
and Matthew and Thomas; and James, son of Alphaeus, and Simon, who was called Zealot; and Judas, son of James,
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
Now, in the course of that season, Herod the king thrust forth his hands to harm some of them of the assembly, - And slew James the brother of John with a sword;
But, making a sign to them with his hand to hold their peace, he related to them how, the Lord, had brought, him, forth out of the prison; and he said - Carry tidings unto James and the brethren, as to these things. And, going out, he went his way unto some other place.
And, after they held their peace, James answered, saying - Brethren! hearken unto me. Symeon, hath fully told how God, first visited, to take out of the nations, a people for his name. read more. And, with this, agree the words of the prophets, according as it is written - After these things, will I return, and will rebuild the tent of David that hath fallen, and, the ruins thereof, will I rebuild, and will set it up again: That the residues of men may seek out the Lord, and all the nations upon whom my name hath been called, saith the Lord that doeth these things, Known from age-past times. Wherefore, I, judge, not to be troubling them who, from the nations, are turning unto God; but to write unto them, to abstain from the pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from what is strangled, and from blood. For, Moses, out of ancient generation, hath, in every city, them who proclaim him; seeing, that in the synagogues, every sabbath, he is read. Then, seemed it good unto the Apostles and the Elders with the whole Assembly to send chosen men from among them unto Antioch, with Paul and Barnabas, - even Judas who is called Barsabbas, and Silas, men taking a lead among the brethren: writing through their hand - The Apostles and the Elder Brethren, unto the brethren throughout Antioch and Syria and Cilicia, who are from among the nations, wish joy! Inasmuch as we had heard that, certain from among us, had troubled you with words, dismantling your souls, - unto whom we had given no instructions, It seemed good unto us, coming to be of one accord, that we should choose men and send them unto you, with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, - men who have given up their lives in behalf of the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have sent, therefore, Judas and Silas, who also, themselves, by word of mouth, can tell you the same things. For it hath seemed good unto the Holy Spirit and unto us, no greater burden, to be laying upon you, than these necessary things: -
And, on the next day, Paul went in with us unto James, and, all the elders, were present. And, saluting them, he went on to narrate, one by one, each of the things which God had wrought among the nations through his ministry. read more. And, they, having heard, began glorifying God; and they said to him - Thou observest, brother, how many myriads there are among the Jews who have believed, and, all, are zealous for the law. Now they have heard it rumoured concerning thee, that, an apostacy, art thou teaching, from Moses, unto all the Jews, who are among the nations, telling them not to be circumcising their children, nor, by the customs, to be walking. What, then, is it? at all events, they will hear that thou hast come. This, then, do, which unto thee, we say: - We have four men who have a vow upon themselves. Taking these unto thee, be purified with them, and spend something upon them, that they may shave their head; and all will get to know, that the things which they have heard rumoured concerning thee, are, nothing, - on the contrary, thou thyself, dost keep the ranks, guarding the law.
After that, he appeared unto James, then, unto all the apostles,
Then, after three years, went I up unto Jerusalem, to become acquainted with Cephas, and tarried with him fifteen days; But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
Fausets
Jacob in Greek; the name appearing in our Lord's apostles and contemporaries for the first time since the patriarch. Son of Zebedee, brother of John. Their father's "hired servants" and fishing vessel imply some degree of competence. John probably was the one with Andrew (Joh 1:35-41), who, on John the Baptist's pointing to the Lamb of God, followed Jesus. The words Andrew "first findeth his own brother Simon" imply that John secondly found and called his own brother James to Jesus, or vice versa. Some months later the Lord saw Zebedee, James, and John, in the ship mending their nets. At His call James and John "immediately left the ship and their father and followed Him" (Mt 4:22). Their LEAVING THEIR FATHER "WITH THE HIRED servants" (Mr 1:20, a minute particular, characteristic of Mark' s vivid style and his knowledge through Peter of all which happened) was not an unfilial act, which it would have been if he had no helpers.
The next call was after an unsuccessful night's fishing, when the fishermen had gone out of their ships and had washed (Lu 5:2, Vaticanus and Cambridge manuscripts read eplunon, "were washing"; the Sinaiticus and Paris manuscripts have epifainoo) their nets; Jesus entering one of the ships, Simon's, prayed him to thrust out a little from land, and preached. Then rewarding his loan of the ship, He desired Simon, Launch out into the deep, and do ye let down your nets for a draught. At Christ's word, however unlikely to reason, he let down, and enclosed so many fish that the net broke; and the partners in the other ship came to his help, and they filled both ships so that they began to sink. Astonished at the miracle, yet encouraged by His further promise to Simon, "henceforth thou shalt catch men," the three forsook not merely their "nets" as before, but "all," and followed Him. In fact the successive calls were:
(1) to friendly acquaintance (Joh 1:37);
(2) to intimacy (Mt 4:18);
(3) to permanent discipleship (Lu 5:11);
(4) (toward the close of the first year of our Lord's ministry) to apostleship (Mt 10:1);
(5) to renewed self dedication, even unto death (Joh 21:15-22).
In Matthew and Luke (Lu 6:14), of the four catalogs of apostles, Andrew follows Peter on the ground of brotherhood. (See APOSTLES.) In Mark (Mr 3:16) and Acts (Ac 1:13) James and John precede Andrew on the ground of greater nearness to Jesus. These four head the twelve; and Andrew is at the foot of the four. Peter, James, and John alone witnessed the raising of Jairus' daughter (Mr 5:37); also the transfiguration (Mt 17:1); also the agony (Mt 26:37). The four asked our Lord "privately" when His prediction of the temple's overthrow should be fulfilled, and what should be the sign (Mr 13:3). In Lu 9:28 (the transfiguration) alone John precedes James. By the time that Luke wrote John was recognized as on a level with James, yet not above him, as Luke in Ac 1:13 has the order, "James, John," but in Ac 12:2 Luke calls James brother of John, who by that time had become the more prominent.
James was probably the elder brother, whence John is twice called "brother of James" (Mr 5:37; Mt 17:1). No official superiority was given, for no trace of it occurs in New Testament; it was the tacitly recognized leadership which some took above the others. James and John were called Boanerges to express their natural character and the grace which would purify and ennoble it, making James the first apostle martyr and John the apostle of love. (See BOANERGES.) Their fiery zeal in its untempered state appeared in their desiring to call fire from heaven to consume the Samaritans. These would not receive Jesus when He sent messengers to make ready for Him (i.e. to announce His Messiahship, which He did not conceal in Samaria as in Judaea and Galilee: Joh 4:26; Lu 9:54), because His face was as though He would go to Jerusalem, whereas they expected the Messiah would confirm their anti-Jewish worship in the mount Gerizim temple.
James and John "saw" some actual collision between the Samaritans and the messengers who were sent before and whom our Lord and His apostles followed presently; just as Elijah in the same Samaria had called for fire upon the offenders face to face (2Ki 1:10,12). In Lu 9:55-56, "ye know not what manner of spirit ye are (not the fiery judicial spirit which befitted Elijah's times, but the spirit of love so as to win men to salvation, is the spirit of Me and Mine), for the Son of man is not come to destroy men's lives but to save them," is not in Alex., Vat., and. Sin. manuscripts The same John subsequently (Ac 8:14-17) came down with Peter to confer the Spirit's gifts on Samaritan believers. What miracles in renewing the heart does the gospel work! Salome the mother of Zebedee's children, impressed by Christ's promise that the twelve should sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel, begged, and her two sons joined in the prayer, that they might sit one on His right the other on His left hand in His glory (Mr 10:35-37).
They prefaced it with pleading His own promise, "Master, we would that Thou shouldest do for us whatsoever we shall desire" (Mt 7:7; Lu 11:9; Mr 11:24). Perhaps jealousy of Peter and Andrew, their rivals for the nearest place to Him, actuated them (Mt 20:20-24). He told them that they should drink of His cup (Sin. and Vat. manuscripts omit in Mt 20:22-23 the clause as to the "baptism") of suffering (Ac 12:1-2; James; Re 1:9; John), but to sit on His right and left, said He, "is not Mine to give, except to those for whom it is prepared of My Father" (so the Greek). The ten were indignant at the claim. James was among those who abode in the upper room and persevered in prayer; the apostles, the women, and the Lord's brethren, after the ascension (Ac 1:13). In A. D. 44 Herod Agrippa I, a pliant politician but strict Jew, "very ambitious to oblige the people, exactly careful in the observance of the laws. and not allowing one day to pass without its appointed sacrifice" (Josephus, Ant. 19:7, section 3), in consonance with his well known character, "laid hands (Greek) on certain of the church."
The Passover had brought James and Peter to Jerusalem (Ac 12:1-3). So he took the opportunity just before the Passover to kill the most fiery of the two first, namely, "James the brother of John." "The sword" was the instrument of his execution, Herod preferring the Roman method to the Jewish punishment of seducers to strange worship, namely, stoning. Clement of Alexandria (Hypotyposeis, 7; Eusebius, H. E., 2:6) records a tradition that James's prosecutor was moved by his bold confession to declare himself a Christian on the spot; he begged James's forgiveness, and the apostle kissed him, saying "peace be to thee"; they were both beheaded together. A Roman Catholic legend says that he preached in Spain, and that his remains were transported to Compostella there!
James, surnamed "the Less" or "Little." Son of Mary (Mr 15:40; Mt 27:56; Lu 24:10). Brother of Jude (Jg 1:1; Lu 6:16; Ac 1:13). "The brother of the Lord" (Mt 13:55; Mr 6:3; Ga 1:19). "Son of Alphaeus" (Mt 10:3; Mr 3:18; Lu 6:15; Ac 1:13). Writer of the epistle; president of the church at Jerusalem (Jas 1:1; Ac 12:17; 15:13,19; Ga 2:9,12). Clopas (Alexandrinus and Vaticanus manuscripts, Joh 19:25) or Cleophas (Sinaiticus manuscript) is the Hebrew, Alphaeus the Greek, of the same name: he married Mary, sister of the Virgin Mary, and had by her James, Joses, Jude, and Simon, and three daughters (Mary is sometimes designated "mother of James and Joses," Mt 27:56, as these were the two oldest); he died before our Lord's ministry began, and his widow went to live with her sister the Virgin Mary, a widow also herself (for Joseph's name never occurs after Luke 2), at Nazareth (Mt 13:55), Capernaum (Joh 2:12), and Jerusalem (Ac 1:14).
Living together the cousins were regarded as "brothers" and "sisters" of Jesus. Being His elders, they went on one occasion to "lay hold on Him," saying that He was "beside Himself"; as He was so pressed by multitudes that He and His disciples "could not so much as eat bread," His cousin brethren thought they would restrain what seemed to them mad zeal (Mr 3:20-21,31-33). The stat
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And it came to pass, after the death of Jeshua, that the sons of Israel asked of Yahweh, saying, - Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites, first, to make war upon them?
And Elijah responded and said unto the captain of fifty, If, then, a man of God, I am, let fire come down out of the heavens, and devour thee and thy fifty. So there came down fire out of the heavens, and devoured him and his fifty.
And Elijah responded and said unto them - If, a man of God, I am, let fire come down out of the heavens, and devour thee and thy fifty. And there came down a fire of God, out of the heavens, and devoured him and his fifty.
And, walking round beside the sea of Galilee, he saw two brethren - Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, - casting a large fishing-net into the sea, for they were fishers;
And, they, straightway, leaving the boat and their father, followed him.
Be asking, and it shall be given you, Be seeking, and ye shall find, - Be knocking, and it shall be opened unto you.
And, calling near his twelve disciples, he gave them authority over impure spirits, - so as to be casting them out, and curing every disease and every infirmity.
Philip, and Bartholomew, - Thomas, and Matthew, the tax-collector; James, the son of Alphaeus, and Thadaeus;
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
And, after six days, Jesus taketh with him, Peter and James and John his brother, and bringeth them up into a high mountain, apart;
And, after six days, Jesus taketh with him, Peter and James and John his brother, and bringeth them up into a high mountain, apart;
Then came unto him the mother of the sons of Zebedee, with her sons, bowing down, and asking something from him. And, he, said to her - What desirest thou? She saith unto him - Bid, that these my two sons may sit, one on thy right hand, and one on thy left, in thy kingdom. read more. But Jesus, answering, said - Ye know not what ye are asking: Are ye able to drink the cup, which, I, am about to drink; They say unto him - We are able.
But Jesus, answering, said - Ye know not what ye are asking: Are ye able to drink the cup, which, I, am about to drink; They say unto him - We are able. He saith unto them - My cup, indeed, ye shall drink; but, to sit on my right hand and on my left, is not mine to give, - except unto those for whom it hath been prepared by my Father.
He saith unto them - My cup, indeed, ye shall drink; but, to sit on my right hand and on my left, is not mine to give, - except unto those for whom it hath been prepared by my Father. And the ten, hearing, were sorely displeased, concerning the two brethren.
Thus, ye also, when ye shall see all these things, observe ye, that, near, he is, at the doors.
And, taking with him, Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, he began to be grieved and to be in great distress.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
and, straightway, he called them, - and, leaving their father Zebedee in the boat, with the hired men, they came away after him.
and he appointed the twelve (and imposed a name on Simon - ) Peter,
and Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the zealot;
and the multitude come together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread. And they who were near to him, hearing of it, went out to secure him, - for they were saying - He is beside himself!
And there come his mother and his brethren, and, standing, outside, they sent unto him, calling him. And there was sitting around him a multitude, and they say unto him - Lo! thy mother and thy brethren, outside, are seeking thee! read more. And, answering them, he saith - Who are my mother and my brethren?
And he suffered no one to follow with him, save Peter and James and John the brother of James.
And he suffered no one to follow with him, save Peter and James and John the brother of James.
Is not, this, the carpenter? the son of Mary, the brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? And are not his sisters here with us? - and they were finding cause of stumbling in him.
Is not, this, the carpenter? the son of Mary, the brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? And are not his sisters here with us? - and they were finding cause of stumbling in him.
And there come near unto him, James and John, the twosons of Zebedee, - saying unto him - Teacher! we desire, that, whatsoever we shall ask thee, thou wilt do for us. But, he, said unto them - What desire ye, I should do for you? read more. And, they, said unto him - Grant us, that, one on thy right hand, and one on thy left, we may sit, in thy glory.
For this cause, I say unto you - All things, whatsoever ye are praying for and asking, believe that ye have received, and they shall be yours.
And, as he was sitting within the mount of Olives, over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew were questioning him, privately -
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
and he saw two boats placed near the lake, and, the fishers, having gone away, from them, were washing their nets.
And, bringing the boats down on to the land, they left all, and followed him.
Simon, whom also he named Peter, and Andrew hie brother; and James and John; and Philip and Bartholomew; and Matthew and Thomas; and James, son of Alphaeus, and Simon, who was called Zealot; and Judas, son of James, read more. and Judas Iscariot, who became betrayer; -
And it came to pass, after these words, about eight days, taking with him Peter and John and James, he went up into the mountain to pray.
And the disciples James and John, seeing it, said - Lord! wilt thou, that we bid fire come down from heaven, and destroy them? But, turning, he rebuked them. read more. And they journeyed into a different village.
I, therefore, unto you, say - Be asking, and it shall be given to you, Be seeking, and ye shall find, - Be knocking, and it shall be opened unto you.
Now they were the Magdalene Mary, and Joana, and Mary the mother of James; and, the other women with them, were telling, unto the apostles, these things.
On the morrow, again, was John standing, and, from among his disciples, two; and, looking at Jesus walking, he saith - See! the Lamb of God! read more. and the two disciples hearkened unto him speaking, and they followed Jesus.
and the two disciples hearkened unto him speaking, and they followed Jesus. But Jesus, turning, and looking at them following, saith unto them - What seek ye? And, they, said unto him - Rabbi! which meaneth, when translated, Teacher, Where abidest thou? read more. He saith unto them - Be coming, and ye shall see. They came, therefore, and saw where he abode, and, with him, they abode that day. It was about the tenth, hour. One of the two that heard from John and followed him, was Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter. The same findeth, first, his own brother Simon, and saith unto him - We have found the Messiah! which is, when translated, Anointed.
After this, he came down into Capernaum, - he, and his mother and brethren, and his disciples; and, there, they abode, not many days.
Jesus saith unto her - I, that speak unto thee, am he.
His brethren, therefore, said unto him - Remove hence, and withdraw into Judaea, that, thy disciples also, may view thy works which thou art doing. For, no one, anything in secret, doeth, and yet is seeking, himself, to be well-known. If, these things, thou art doing, manifest thyself unto the world. read more. For, not even his brethren, were believing on him.
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.
When, therefore, they had broken their fast, Jesus saith unto Simon Peter - Simon, son of John! lovest thou me more than these? He saith unto him - Yea, Lord! thou, knowest that I am fond of thee, he saith unto him - Be feeding my lambs. He saith unto him, again, the second time - Simon, son of John! lovest thou me? He saith unto him - Yea, Lord! thou, knowest that I am fond of thee. He saith unto him - Be shepherding my sheep. read more. He saith unto him, the third time - Simon, son of John! art thou fond of me? Peter was grieved, that he said unto him, the third time, Art thou fond of me? and he said unto him - Lord! all things, thou, knowest: thou perceivest that I am fond of thee. Jesus saith unto him - Be feeding my sheep. Verily, verily, I say unto thee - When thou wast younger, thou usedst to gird thyself, and to walk whither thou didst choose; but, when thou shalt become aged, thou shalt stretch out thy hands, and, another, shall gird thee, and bear thee, whither thou dost not choose. Now, this, he said, signifying, by what manner of death, he should glorify God. And, having said this, he saith unto him - Be following me. Peter, turning about, beholdeth the disciple whom Jesus loved, following, - who also reclined during the supper upon his breast, and said - Lord, who is it that is delivering thee up? Peter, therefore, seeing, this one, saith unto Jesus - Lord! and, this one, what? Jesus saith unto him - If I will that, he, remain until I come, what is that to thee? Thou, be following me.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James. These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
And the Apostles who were in Jerusalem, hearing that Samaria had welcomed the word of God, sent out unto them Peter and John; Who, indeed, going down, prayed for them, that they might receive Holy Spirit; - read more. For, not yet, had it, upon any one of them, fallen, but, only, to begin with, they had been immersed into the name of the Lord Jesus. Then, proceeded they to lay their hands upon them, and they were receiving Holy Spirit.
And, when he had arrived in Jerusalem, he made attempts to join himself unto the disciples; and all were afraid of him, not believing that he was a disciple. But, Barnabas, taking him, brought him unto the apostles, and related unto them, - how, in the way, he had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken unto him; and how, in Damascus, he had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus.
But, Barnabas, taking him, brought him unto the apostles, and related unto them, - how, in the way, he had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken unto him; and how, in Damascus, he had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus. And he was with them, coming in and going out in Jerusalem, speaking boldly in the name of the Lord;
Now, in the course of that season, Herod the king thrust forth his hands to harm some of them of the assembly, -
Now, in the course of that season, Herod the king thrust forth his hands to harm some of them of the assembly, - And slew James the brother of John with a sword;
And slew James the brother of John with a sword;
And slew James the brother of John with a sword; And, seeing that it was acceptable unto the Jews, he went on to apprehend Peter also (now they were the days of unleavened bread), -
But, making a sign to them with his hand to hold their peace, he related to them how, the Lord, had brought, him, forth out of the prison; and he said - Carry tidings unto James and the brethren, as to these things. And, going out, he went his way unto some other place.
But, making a sign to them with his hand to hold their peace, he related to them how, the Lord, had brought, him, forth out of the prison; and he said - Carry tidings unto James and the brethren, as to these things. And, going out, he went his way unto some other place.
But, making a sign to them with his hand to hold their peace, he related to them how, the Lord, had brought, him, forth out of the prison; and he said - Carry tidings unto James and the brethren, as to these things. And, going out, he went his way unto some other place.
And, after they held their peace, James answered, saying - Brethren! hearken unto me.
And, after they held their peace, James answered, saying - Brethren! hearken unto me.
Wherefore, I, judge, not to be troubling them who, from the nations, are turning unto God;
Wherefore, I, judge, not to be troubling them who, from the nations, are turning unto God;
Now, when we came to Jerusalem, the brethren, gladly welcomed us. And, on the next day, Paul went in with us unto James, and, all the elders, were present.
And, on the next day, Paul went in with us unto James, and, all the elders, were present. And, saluting them, he went on to narrate, one by one, each of the things which God had wrought among the nations through his ministry.
And, saluting them, he went on to narrate, one by one, each of the things which God had wrought among the nations through his ministry. And, they, having heard, began glorifying God; and they said to him - Thou observest, brother, how many myriads there are among the Jews who have believed, and, all, are zealous for the law. read more. Now they have heard it rumoured concerning thee, that, an apostacy, art thou teaching, from Moses, unto all the Jews, who are among the nations, telling them not to be circumcising their children, nor, by the customs, to be walking. What, then, is it? at all events, they will hear that thou hast come. This, then, do, which unto thee, we say: - We have four men who have a vow upon themselves. Taking these unto thee, be purified with them, and spend something upon them, that they may shave their head; and all will get to know, that the things which they have heard rumoured concerning thee, are, nothing, - on the contrary, thou thyself, dost keep the ranks, guarding the law. But, concerning them of the nations who have believed, we ourselves, sent, deciding that they should be guarding themselves, both as to idol sacrifice, and blood, and what is strangled, and fornication.
Have we not a right to take round, a sister wife, - as even the rest of the apostles, and the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?
After that, he appeared unto James, then, unto all the apostles,
Then, after three years, went I up unto Jerusalem, to become acquainted with Cephas, and tarried with him fifteen days; But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
And when they perceived the favour which had been given unto me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave, the right hand of fellowship, unto me and Barnabas, in order that, we, should go unto the nations, and, they, unto the circumcision: -
And when they perceived the favour which had been given unto me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave, the right hand of fellowship, unto me and Barnabas, in order that, we, should go unto the nations, and, they, unto the circumcision: -
And when they perceived the favour which had been given unto me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave, the right hand of fellowship, unto me and Barnabas, in order that, we, should go unto the nations, and, they, unto the circumcision: - Only that we should remember, the destitute, - as to which I had given diligence, this very thing, to do. read more. But, when Cephas came unto Antioch, to the face, even , him, I resisted, because he stood condemned;
But, when Cephas came unto Antioch, to the face, even , him, I resisted, because he stood condemned; For, before that certain came from James, with them of the nations, used he to eat; whereas, when they came, he used to withdraw, and keep himself separate, fearing them of the circumcision;
For, before that certain came from James, with them of the nations, used he to eat; whereas, when they came, he used to withdraw, and keep himself separate, fearing them of the circumcision;
For, before that certain came from James, with them of the nations, used he to eat; whereas, when they came, he used to withdraw, and keep himself separate, fearing them of the circumcision;
For, every high-priest who from among men is taken, on behalf of men, is appointed, as to the things pertaining unto God, that he may be offering bothgifts and sacrifices for sins, -
Be mindful of them who are guiding you, who, indeed, have spoken unto you, the word of God: the outgoing of whose behaviour, reviewing, be imitating, their faith.
James, a servant, of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, - unto the twelve tribes that are in the dispersion, Wishes joy.
Come now! ye wealthy! Weep ye, howling, for your hardships which are coming upon you:
Be, ye also, patient, Stablish your hearts, because, the Presence of the Lord, hath drawn near. Be not sighing, brethren, one against another, lest ye be judged, - Lo! the Judge, before the doors, is standing.
I, John, your brother, and partaker with you in the tribulation and kingdom and endurance in Jesus, came to be in the isle that is called Patmos, because of the word of God, and the witness of Jesus.
Hastings
JAMES
1. James, the son of Zehedee, one of the Twelve, the elder brother of John. Their father was a Galil
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Then, the adversary taketh him with him, unto the holy city, - and he set him upon the pinnacle of the temple;
And, going forward from thence, he saw other two brethren - James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother - in the boat with Zebedee their father, putting in order their nets, - and he called them. And, they, straightway, leaving the boat and their father, followed him.
Now, the twelve apostles' names, are these: - first Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, - and James, the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother;
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
And, going forward a little, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, and them who were in the boat putting in order the nets; and, straightway, he called them, - and, leaving their father Zebedee in the boat, with the hired men, they came away after him.
and, straightway, he called them, - and, leaving their father Zebedee in the boat, with the hired men, they came away after him.
And, passing by, he saw Levi, the son of Alphaeus, sitting over the tax-office, - and saith unto him - Be following me! And, arising, he followed him.
and James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (and imposed on them a name - Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder);
And he calleth near the twelve, and began to be sending them forth two and two, - and was giving them authority over the impure spirits:
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
And, the Sabbath having passed, Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome, bought spices, that, coming, they might anoint him.
And he led him into Jerusalem, and set him upon the pinnacle of the temple, - and said to him- If thou art God's, Son, cast thyself, from hence, down;
likewise also, both James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said unto Simon - Do not fear! henceforth, shall thou be taking, men, that they may, live.
Simon, whom also he named Peter, and Andrew hie brother; and James and John; and Philip and Bartholomew;
and Judas Iscariot, who became betrayer; -
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.
And slew James the brother of John with a sword;
And, having arrived in Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the Assembly and the Apostles and the Elders; and they recounted all things God had done with them. But there had stood forth some of those who, from the sect of Pharisees, had believed, saying - It is needful to be circumcising them, also to charge them to be keeping the law of Moses. read more. And the Apostles and Elders were gathered together to see about this matter. And, when much discussion had arisen, Peter standing up, said unto them - Brethren! Ye yourselves, well know that, in days long past, amongst you, God chose that, through my mouth, the nations should hear the word of the glad tidings, and believe. And, the heart-observing God, bare witness, - unto them, giving the Holy Spirit, just as, even unto us; and made no distinction at all betwixt us and them, by their faith, purifying their hearts. Now, therefore, why are ye proving God, that ye should put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which, neither our fathers, nor we, have been able to bear. But, through the favour of the Lord Jesus, we believe we shall be saved, in like manner as, even they. And all the throng held their peace, and began to hearken unto Barnabas and Paul relating how many signs and wonders God had done among the nations, through them. And, after they held their peace, James answered, saying - Brethren! hearken unto me. Symeon, hath fully told how God, first visited, to take out of the nations, a people for his name. And, with this, agree the words of the prophets, according as it is written - After these things, will I return, and will rebuild the tent of David that hath fallen, and, the ruins thereof, will I rebuild, and will set it up again: That the residues of men may seek out the Lord, and all the nations upon whom my name hath been called, saith the Lord that doeth these things, Known from age-past times. Wherefore, I, judge, not to be troubling them who, from the nations, are turning unto God; but to write unto them, to abstain from the pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from what is strangled, and from blood. For, Moses, out of ancient generation, hath, in every city, them who proclaim him; seeing, that in the synagogues, every sabbath, he is read. Then, seemed it good unto the Apostles and the Elders with the whole Assembly to send chosen men from among them unto Antioch, with Paul and Barnabas, - even Judas who is called Barsabbas, and Silas, men taking a lead among the brethren: writing through their hand - The Apostles and the Elder Brethren, unto the brethren throughout Antioch and Syria and Cilicia, who are from among the nations, wish joy! Inasmuch as we had heard that, certain from among us, had troubled you with words, dismantling your souls, - unto whom we had given no instructions, It seemed good unto us, coming to be of one accord, that we should choose men and send them unto you, with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, - men who have given up their lives in behalf of the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have sent, therefore, Judas and Silas, who also, themselves, by word of mouth, can tell you the same things. For it hath seemed good unto the Holy Spirit and unto us, no greater burden, to be laying upon you, than these necessary things: - To be abstaining from idol sacrifices, and from blood, and from what is strangled, and from fornication, - From which, if ye keep yourselves, ye shall prosper. Fare ye well. They, therefore, being let go, came down unto Antioch; and, having gathered together the throng, delivered the letter, and, when they read it, they rejoiced for the consolation. And, both Judas and Silas, being themselves also prophets, with much discourse, consoled and confirmed the brethren. And, when they had spent a time, they were let go, in peace, from the brethren, unto them who had sent them.
And, on the next day, Paul went in with us unto James, and, all the elders, were present. And, saluting them, he went on to narrate, one by one, each of the things which God had wrought among the nations through his ministry.
After that, he appeared unto James, then, unto all the apostles,
Then, after three years, went I up unto Jerusalem, to become acquainted with Cephas, and tarried with him fifteen days; But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
After that, fourteen years later, I, again, went up unto Jerusalem, with Barnabas, taking with me Titus also; And I went up by revelation, and laid before them the glad-message which I proclaim among the nations; privately, however, to them of repute, - lest, by any means, in vain, I should be running, or had run. read more. But, not even Titus, who was with me, though he was a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised; - But, this was because of the false brethren secretly introduced, - who, indeed, came in secretly to spy out our freedom, which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage: - Unto whom, not even for an hour, gave we place by the required submission, - in order that, the truth of the glad-message, might still abide with you. Moreover, from them who were reputed to be something, - whatsoever at one time, they were, maketh no difference to me, God accepteth not a man's person, - unto me, in fact, they who were of repute added nothing further; But, on the contrary, - when they saw that I had been entrusted with the glad-message to the uncircumcision, even as, Peter, with that to the circumcision, For, he that energised in Peter, into an apostleship to the circumcision, energised also in me, for the nations, - And when they perceived the favour which had been given unto me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave, the right hand of fellowship, unto me and Barnabas, in order that, we, should go unto the nations, and, they, unto the circumcision: - Only that we should remember, the destitute, - as to which I had given diligence, this very thing, to do.
James, a servant, of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, - unto the twelve tribes that are in the dispersion, Wishes joy.
Jude, Jesus Christ's servant, and brother of James, unto, the called, by God the Father, beloved, and, by Jesus Christ preserved, -
Smith
(the Greek form of Jacob, supplanter).
1. James the son of Zebedee, one of the twelve apostles. He was elder brother of the evangelist John. His mother's name was Salome. We first hear of him in A.D. 27,
when at the call of the Master he left all, and became, one and forever, his disciple, in the spring of 28.
Mt 10:2; Mr 3:14; Lu 6:13; Ac 1:13
It would seem to have been at the time of the appointment of the twelve apostles that the name of Boanerges was given to the sons of Zebedee. The "sons of thunder" had a burning and impetuous spirit, which twice exhibits itself.
Mr 10:37; Lu 9:54
On the night before the crucifixion James was present at the agony in the garden. On the day of the ascension he is mentioned as persevering with the rest of the apostles and disciples, in prayer.
Shortly before the day of the Passover, in the year 44, he was put to death by Herod Agrippa I.
2. James the son of Alpheus, one of the twelve apostles.
Whether or not this James is to be identified with James the Less, the son of Alphaeus, the brother of our Lord, is one of the most difficult questions in the gospel history. By comparing
and Mark 15:40 with John 19:25 we find that the Virgin Mary had a sister named, like herself, Mary, who was the wife of Clopas or Alpheus (varieties of the same name), and who had two sons, James the Less and Joses. By referring to
and Mark 6:3 we find that a James the Less and Joses, with two other brethren called Jude and Simon, and at least three sisters, were sisters with the Virgin Mary at Nazareth by referring to
Lu 6:16
and Acts 1:13 we find that there were two brethren named James and Jude among the apostles. It would certainly be natural to think that we had here but one family of four brothers and three or more sisters, the children of Clopas and Mary, nephews and nieces of the Virgin Mary. There are difficulties however, in the way of this conclusion into which we cannot here enter; but in reply to the objection that the four brethren in
are described as the brothers of Jesus, not as his cousins, it must be recollected that adelphoi, which is here translated "brethren," may also signify cousins.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Now, the twelve apostles' names, are these: - first Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, - and James, the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother; Philip, and Bartholomew, - Thomas, and Matthew, the tax-collector; James, the son of Alphaeus, and Thadaeus;
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
and, straightway, he called them, - and, leaving their father Zebedee in the boat, with the hired men, they came away after him.
and he appointed a twelve, whom also he named, Apostles, - that they might be with him, and that he might be sending them forth to make proclamation,
And, they, said unto him - Grant us, that, one on thy right hand, and one on thy left, we may sit, in thy glory.
And, when it became day, he called his disciples, and chose from them, twelve, whom also he named, Apostles, -
And the disciples James and John, seeing it, said - Lord! wilt thou, that we bid fire come down from heaven, and destroy them?
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
And, when they had entered, into the upper-story went they up, where remained behind - both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the zealot, and Judas the son of James.
Now, in the course of that season, Herod the king thrust forth his hands to harm some of them of the assembly, - And slew James the brother of John with a sword; read more. And, seeing that it was acceptable unto the Jews, he went on to apprehend Peter also (now they were the days of unleavened bread), - Whom also having seized, he put into prison, delivering him up unto four quaternions of soldiers, to be guarding him, - intending, after the passover, to bring him up unto the people. Peter, therefore, was kept in the prison; but, prayer, was, earnestly, being made by the assembly, unto God, concerning him. And, when Herod was about to bring him forth, on that night, was Peter sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains, guards, also, before the door, were keeping the prison. And lo! a messenger of the Lord stood over him, and a light shone in the cell; and, smiting the side of Peter, he roused him up, saying - Rise up quickly! And his chains fell off out of his hands. And the messenger said unto him - Gird thyself, and bind on thy sandals. And he did so. And he saith unto him - Throw around thee thy mantle, and be following me. And, coming out, he began following, and knew not that it was true which was coming about through means of the messenger; but supposed that, a vision, he was beholding. And, passing through the first ward and the second, they came unto the iron gate that leadeth into the city, the which, of its own accord, opened unto them; and, coming out, they went on through one street, and, straightway, the messenger was parted from him. And, Peter, coming to himself said - Now, know I, of a truth, that the Lord hath sent forth his messenger, and taken me out of the hand of Herod, and all the expectation of the people of the Jews. And, considering the matter, he came unto the house of Mary, the mother of John who was surnamed Mark, where a considerable number were gathered together and praying. And, when he had knocked at the door of the porch, there came unto it a maiden to hearken, by name Rhoda; And, recognizing the voice of Peter, by reason of her joy, she opened not the porch, - but, running in, bare tidings that Peter was standing before the porch. But, they, unto her, said - Thou art raving She, however, kept on strongly declaring that, so, it was. But, they, were saying - It is his, messenger. And, Peter, continued knocking; and, opening, they saw him, and were amazed. But, making a sign to them with his hand to hold their peace, he related to them how, the Lord, had brought, him, forth out of the prison; and he said - Carry tidings unto James and the brethren, as to these things. And, going out, he went his way unto some other place. And, when it became day, there was no small commotion among the soldiers, as to what, then, Peter had become! And, Herod, seeking after and not finding, him, having examined the guards, ordered them to be led away to death ; and, going down from Judaea unto Caesarea, stayed there. Now he was bitterly hostile to them of Tyre and Zidon; but, with one accord, they came unto him, and, persuading Blastus, who was over the bed-chamber of the king, they were suing for peace; because their country was fed by the king's, And, on an appointed day, Herod, putting on royal apparel, and seating himself upon the tribunal, proceeded to deliver an oration unto them. And, the populace, began to shout - A god's, voice, and not, a man's!
Watsons
JAMES, '???????, of the same import as Jacob. James, surnamed the greater, or the elder, to distinguish him from James the younger, was brother to John the evangelist, and son to Zebedee and Salome, Mt 4:21. He was of Bethsaida, in Galilee, and left all to follow Christ. Salome requested our Saviour, that her two sons, James and John, might sit at his right hand, when he should be in possession of his kingdom. Our Saviour answered, that it belonged to his heavenly Father alone to dispose of these places of honour, Mt 20:21. Before their vocation, James and John followed the trade of fishermen with their father Zebedee; and they did not quit their profession till our Saviour called them, Mr 1:18-19. They were witnesses of our Lord's transfiguration, Mt 17:2. When certain Samaritans refused to admit Jesus Christ, James and John wished for fire from heaven to consume them, Lu 9:54; and for this reason, it is thought, the name of Boanerges, or sons of thunder, was given them. Some days after the resurrection of our Saviour, James and John went to fish in the sea of Tiberias, where they saw Jesus. They were present at the ascension of our Lord. St. James is said to have preached to all the dispersed tribes of Israel; but for this there is only report. His martyrdom is related, Ac 12:1-2, about A.D. 42, or 44, for the date is not well ascertained. Herod Agrippa, king of the Jews, and grandson of Herod the Great, caused him to be seized and executed at Jerusalem. Clemens Alexandrinus informs us, that he who brought St. James before the judges was so much affected with his constancy in confessing Jesus Christ, that he also declared himself a Christian, and was condemned, as well as the Apostle, to be beheaded.
JAMES THE LESS, surnamed the brother of our Lord, Ga 1:19, was the son of Cleopas, otherwise called Alpheus, and Mary, sister to the blessed virgin; consequently, he was cousin-german to Jesus Christ. He was surnamed the Just, on account of the admirable holiness and purity of his life. He is said to have been a priest, and to have observed the laws of the Nazarites from his birth. Our Saviour appeared to James the less, eight days after his resurrection, 1Co 15:7. He was at Jerusalem, and was considered as a pillar of the church, when St. Paul first came thither after his conversion, Ga 1:19, A.D. 37. In the council of Jerusalem, held in the year 61, St. James gave his vote last; and the result of the council was principally formed from what St. James said, who, though he observed the ceremonies of the law, and was careful that others should observe them, was of opinion, that such a yoke was not to be imposed on the faithful converted from among the Heathens, Ac 15:13, &c.
James the less was a person of great prudence and discretion, and was highly esteemed by the Apostles and other Christians. Such, indeed, was his general reputation for piety and virtue, that, as we learn from Origen, Eusebius, and Jerom, Josephus thought, and declared it to be the common opinion, that the sufferings of the Jews, and the destruction of their city and temple, were owing to the anger of God, excited by the murder of James. This must be considered as a strong and remarkable testimony to the character of this Apostle, as it is given by a person who did not believe that Jesus was the Christ. The passages of Josephus, referred to by those fathers upon this subject, are not found in his works now extant.
JAMES, GENERAL EPISTLE OF. Clement of Rome and Hermas allude to this epistle; and it is quoted by Origen, Eusebius, Athanasius, Jerom, Chrysostom, Augustine, and many other fathers. But though the antiquity of this epistle had been always undisputed, some few formerly doubted its right to be admitted into the canon. Eusebius says, that in his time it was generally, though not universally, received as canonical; and publicly read in most, but not in all, churches; and Estius affirms, that after the fourth century, no church or ecclesiastical writer is found who ever doubted its authenticity; but that, on the contrary, it is included in all subsequent catalogues of canonical Scripture, whether published by councils, churches, or individuals. It has, indeed, been the uniform tradition of the church, that this epistle was written by James the Just; but it was not universally admitted till after the fourth century, that James the Just was the same person as James the less, one of the twelve Apostles; that point being ascertained, the canonical authority of this epistle was no longer doubted. It is evident that this epistle could not have been written by James the elder, for he was beheaded by Herod Agrippa in the year 44, and the errors and vices reproved in this epistle show it to be of a much later date; and the destruction of Jerusalem is also here spoken of as being very near at hand, Jas 5:8-9. It has always been considered as a circumstance very much in favour of this epistle, that it was found in the Syriac version, which was made as early as the end of the first century, and for the particular use of converted Jews,
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And, going forward from thence, he saw other two brethren - James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother - in the boat with Zebedee their father, putting in order their nets, - and he called them.
and was transformed before them, - and his face shone as the sun, and, his garments, became white as the light.
And, he, said to her - What desirest thou? She saith unto him - Bid, that these my two sons may sit, one on thy right hand, and one on thy left, in thy kingdom.
and, straightway, leaving the nets, they followed him. And, going forward a little, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, and them who were in the boat putting in order the nets;
And the disciples James and John, seeing it, said - Lord! wilt thou, that we bid fire come down from heaven, and destroy them?
Now, in the course of that season, Herod the king thrust forth his hands to harm some of them of the assembly, - And slew James the brother of John with a sword;
And, after they held their peace, James answered, saying - Brethren! hearken unto me.
After that, he appeared unto James, then, unto all the apostles,
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
Be, ye also, patient, Stablish your hearts, because, the Presence of the Lord, hath drawn near. Be not sighing, brethren, one against another, lest ye be judged, - Lo! the Judge, before the doors, is standing.