Reference: Power Of The Keys
Hastings
In ecclesiastical history the phrase is associated primarily with the so-called 'Privilege of Peter,' upon which the dogma of papal supremacy has been built, but also with the delegated authority of an official priesthood to pronounce sentence of the absolution or the retention of sins.
1. The fundamental passage is Mt 16:18. When St. Peter at C
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And he said to them, "Therefore every scribe who has been instructed for the kingdom of heaven is like a householder who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old."
And Jesus answered him, "Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah! For flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven. And I tell you, that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it.
And I tell you, that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it.
"Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.
Woe to you lawyers! For you have taken away the key of knowledge. You did not enter in yourselves, and you hindered those who were entering."
And the Lord said, "Who then is the faithful and wise steward, whom his master will set over his household, to give them their portion of food at the proper time?
In addition, some women of our company amazed us. They were at the tomb early in the morning,
Then they told what had happened on the road, and how he was known to them in the breaking of the bread.
If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained."
This Jesus God raised up again, and of that we are all witnesses. Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this which you see and hear. read more. For David did not ascend into heaven, but he says himself: 'The Lord said to my Lord, "Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet."' Therefore let all the house of Israel know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified."
So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.
Now those who had been scattered went about preaching the word.
And opening his mouth, Peter said: "I most certainly understand now that God is not one to show partiality, but in every nation the man who fears him and does what is right is welcome to him. read more. You know the word which he sent to Israel, preaching good news of peace through Jesus Christ (he is Lord of all).
You know the word which he sent to Israel, preaching good news of peace through Jesus Christ (he is Lord of all). You know what has happened throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee after the baptism which John preached:
You know what has happened throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee after the baptism which John preached: how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power, and how he went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him.
how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power, and how he went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him. We are witnesses of all that he did both in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem. They put him to death by hanging him on a tree; read more. but God raised him up on the third day and caused him to be seen, not to all the people but to us who were chosen by God as witnesses, who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead. And he commanded us to preach to the people, and to testify that he is the one appointed by God to be judge of the living and the dead. Of him all the prophets bear witness that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name." While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit fell on all who heard the message. All the circumcised believers who came with Peter were amazed, because the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles. For they heard them speaking in tongues and praising God. Then Peter said, "Can anyone refuse the water for these people to be baptized who have received the Holy Spirit just as we have?" And he ordered them to be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. Then they asked him to stay on for a few days.
Now those who were scattered because of the persecution that arose in connection with Stephen traveled as far as Phoenicia and Cyprus and Antioch, speaking the word to no one except Jews.
While they were worshipping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, "Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them."
When they arrived, they gathered the church together and declared all that God had done with them, and how he had opened a door of faith to the Gentiles.
The apostles and the elders came together to consider this matter. After there had been much debate, Peter stood up and said to them, "Brethren, you know that in the early days God made a choice among you, that by my mouth the Gentiles would hear the word of the gospel and believe.
After there had been much debate, Peter stood up and said to them, "Brethren, you know that in the early days God made a choice among you, that by my mouth the Gentiles would hear the word of the gospel and believe. And God, who knows the heart, bore witness to them giving them the Holy Spirit, just as he also did to us; read more. and he made no distinction between us and them, but cleansed their hearts by faith. Now therefore why do you test God by putting upon the neck of the disciples a yoke which neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? But we believe that we are saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they are."
Therefore it is my judgment that we should not trouble those who are turning to God from among the Gentiles,
Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole church, to choose men from among them and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas. They sent Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, leading men among the brethren, and they sent the following letter with them: "The apostles and the brethren who are elders, to the brethren in Antioch and Syria and Cilicia who are from the Gentiles, greetings. read more. Since we have heard that some persons from us have disturbed you with words, unsettling your minds, although we gave them no instructions, it has seemed good to us, having come to one accord, to choose men and send them to you with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have therefore sent Judas and Silas, who themselves will tell you the same things by word of mouth. For it seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay upon you no greater burden than these essentials:
After this Paul stayed many days longer, and then took leave of the brethren and sailed for Syria, and with him were Priscilla and Aquila. In Cenchrea he had his hair cut, for he had taken a vow. They came to Ephesus, and he left them there. Now he himself went into the synagogue and reasoned with the Jews. read more. When they asked him to stay for a longer time, he declined;
But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned.
Brethren, even if anyone is caught in a trespass, you who are spiritual, restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness; each one looking to yourself, so that you too will not be tempted.
But you have an anointing from the Holy One, and you all know.
"And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: 'These are the words of him who is holy, who is true, who has the key of David, who opens and no one shuts, and shuts and no one opens: