Reference: Type
American
In Greek tupos, a word denoting some resemblance, and translated "figure" in Ro 4:15, "ensample" in Php 3:17, "manner" in Ac 23:25, and "form" in Ro 6:17. So also Moses was to make the tabernacle according to the type or model he had seen in the mount, Ac 7:44. In the more general use of the word, a scriptural type is a prophetic symbol, "a shadow of good things to come," Heb 10:1, "but the body is Christ," Col 2:17. The typical character of the old dispensation is its most distinguishing feature. For Example, the paschal lamb and all the victims sacrificed under the law were types of the Lamb of God, and illustrated his great atonement; showing that guilt deserved death, and could only be atoned for by the blood of an acceptable sacrifice. But they were also intended to foretell the coming of their great Antitype.
The Old Testament types include persons, officers, objects, events, rites, and places. Thus Adam and Melchizedek, the prophetic and the priestly office, manna and the brazen serpent, the smitten rock and the passage over Jordan, the Passover and the Day of Atonement, Canaan and the cities of refuge are scriptural types of Christ.
However striking the points of resemblance which an Old Testament event or object may present to something in the New Testament, it is not properly a type unless it was so appointed by God, and thus has something of a prophetic character. Due care should therefore be taken to distinguish between an illustration and a type.
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The tent of witness, was with our fathers in the desert, according as he who was speaking unto Moses, gave instructions, to make it, according to the model which he had seen.
For, the law, worketh out anger, but, where there is no law, neither is there transgression.
But thanks be unto God, that - whereas ye were servants of sin, ye became obedient out of the heart unto the mould of teaching into which ye were delivered;
Imitators together of me, become ye, brethren, and keep an eye on them who, thus, are walking, - even as ye have, us, for, an ensample.
Which are a shadow of the things to come, whereas, the body, is of the Christ.
For the law, having in a shadow of the destined good things, not the very image of the things, they can never, with the same sacrifices which year by year they offer evermore, make them who approach, perfect;
Easton
occurs only once in Scripture (1Co 10:11, A.V. marg.). The Greek word tupos is rendered "print" (Joh 20:25), "figure" (Ac 7:43; Ro 5:14), "fashion" (Ac 7:44), "manner" (Ac 23:25), "form" (Ro 6:17), "example" or "ensample" (1Co 10:6,11; Php 3:17; 1Th 1:7; 2Th 3:9; 1Ti 4:12). It properly means a "model" or "pattern" or "mould" into which clay or wax was pressed, that it might take the figure or exact shape of the mould. The word "type" is generally used to denote a resemblance between something present and something future, which is called the "antitype."
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The other disciples, therefore, were saying unto him - We have seen the Lord! But, he, said unto them - Except I see, in his hands, the print of the nails, and press my finger into the print of the nails, and press my hand into his side, in nowise will I believe.
Nay! but ye took with you the tent of Moloch, and the star of the god Rephan, - the forms which ye made to bow down unto them: therefore will I carry you away beyond Babylon. The tent of witness, was with our fathers in the desert, according as he who was speaking unto Moses, gave instructions, to make it, according to the model which he had seen.
Yet still, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over them who had not sinned after the likeness of the transgression of Adam, - who is a type of the Coming One; -
But thanks be unto God, that - whereas ye were servants of sin, ye became obedient out of the heart unto the mould of teaching into which ye were delivered;
But, in these things, they became, ensamples for us, to the end we should not be covetous of evil things, even as, they, also coveted;
But, these things, by way of type, were happening unto them, and were written with a view to our admonition, unto whom, the ends of the ages, have reached along.
But, these things, by way of type, were happening unto them, and were written with a view to our admonition, unto whom, the ends of the ages, have reached along.
Imitators together of me, become ye, brethren, and keep an eye on them who, thus, are walking, - even as ye have, us, for, an ensample.
Morish
This English word occurs in the A.V. only in the margin. The Greek word is ?????, from which comes the word 'type.' It is translated 'print,' Joh 20:25; 'figure,' Ac 7:43; '/Romans/5/14/type/emb'>Ro 5:14; 'form,' '/Romans/6/17/type/emb'>Ro 6:17; 'fashion,' '/Acts/7/44/type/emb'>Ac 7:44; 'manner,' '/Acts/23/25/type/emb'>Ac 23:25; 'pattern,' Tit 2:7; '/Hebrews/8/5/type/emb'>Heb 8:5; 'ensample,' 1Co 10:11 (marg. type); Php 3:17; 1Th 1:7; 2Th 3:9; 1Pe 5:3; and 'example,' 1Co 10:6; 1Ti 4:12.
That which is prefigured in a type is seen in the 'antitype,' ?????????, translated 'like figure,' 1Pe 3:21; and 'figure,' Heb 9:24. If the tabernacle be taken as an illustration, the type or pattern was seen in the mount, that is, figuratively in heaven, and the tabernacle itself was the antitype. Heb 9:24. Then again, the tabernacle may be taken as a type, and the saints now, as forming the house of God, the antitype. Christ is "Son over his own house, whose house are we." Heb 3:6. Many things in the O.T. are typical of those in the N.T., as seen in 1Co 10:11; but, as in all else, the teaching of the Holy Spirit is needed, or there is danger of adopting connections which are merely fanciful.
A few examples of types are here appended: the student of scripture will find it profitable to search out (in dependence upon the Holy Spirit) the numerous types of the O.T. with their antitypes in the N.T. They may be found in 1, persons; 2, places; 3, things; 4, events.
1. ADAM as the first man, under whom all earthly created things were set
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And God blessed them, and God said to them Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it, - and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the bird of the heavens, and over every living thing that moveth on the land.
And Yahweh God builded the rib which he had taken from the man, into a woman, and brought her in unto the man. And the man said, This, one, now, is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh! This, one shall be called Woman, for, out of a man, hath this one been taken.
So it came to pass, after certain days, that Cain brought in of the fruit of the ground, a present to Yahweh:
In the six hundredth year, the year of the life of Noah. in the second month on the seventeenth day of the month on this day, were burst open all the fountains of the great roaring deep, and the windows of the heavens, were set open. (And it came to pass that the heavy rain was on the earth, - forty days and forty nights.) read more. On this selfsame day, entered Noah, and Shem and Ham and Japheth. Noah's sons, - and Noah's wife, and his sons' three wives with them into the ark: they, and all the wild-beasts after their kind and all the tame-beasts after their kind, and all the creeping things that creep on the earth after their kind, - and all the birds after their kind, every bird of every wing. So they entered in unto Noah, into the ark, - two and two of all flesh, wherein was the spirit of life. And, they that entered, male and female of all flesh, entered, as God commanded him, - and Yahweh shut him in round about. And it came to pass, that the flood was forty days on the earth, - and the waters increased and bare up the ark, and it was lifted high above the earth, And the waters prevailed and increased greatly, on the earth, - and the ark went its way on the face of the waters. Yea the waters, prevailed very greatly, on the earth, - so that all the high mountains became covered, that were under all the heavens: fifteen cubits upwards, prevailed the waters, so that the mountains became covered. And all flesh ceased to breathe that moved on the earth, of birds and of tame-beasts and of wild-beasts, and of all the swarming things that swarm on the earth, - land all mankind. All in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life of all that were on the dry ground died. Thus was wiped out all that existed on the face of the ground, from man unto beast unto creeping thing, and unto the bird of the heavens, thus were they wiped out from the earth, - so that there was left - only Noah and they that were with him in the ark. Thus prevailed the waters on the earth, - a hundred and fifty days.
So it came to pass that, all the earth, was of one manner of speech, - and of one stock of words. And it came to pass as they brake away onwards, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar, and dwelt there. read more. Then said they, each man to his friend, Come on! let us make bricks, and burn them thoroughly, - So the bricks, served them for stone, and bitumen, served them for mortar, And they said Come on! let us build for ourselves a city, and a tower with its head in the heavens, so let us make for ourselves a name, - lest we be scattered abroad over the face of all the earth. And Yahweh came down, to behold the city, and the tower, - which the sons of men had built. Then said Yahweh: Lo! one people and one manner of speech, have they all, this, then is what they have begun to do, - now, therefore, nothing will be withholden from them which they may plan to do. Come on! let us go down, and there confuse their speech, - that they may not under-stand, each man the speech of his friend. So Yahweh scattered them from thence over the face of all the earth, - and so they left off building the city. For this cause, was the name thereof called Babel; because there, did Yahweh confuse the speech of all the earth, - and, from thence, did Yahweh scatter them abroad, over the face of all the earth.
And it cared to pass after these things, that God, did prove Abraham, - and he said unto him, Abraham! And he said Behold me! And he said - Take, I pray thee, thy son, thine only one, whom thou lovest, even, Isaac, and get thee into the land of Moriah and cause him to ascend there as an ascending-sacrifice, on one of the mountains which I shall name unto thee. read more. So Abraham rose early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took his two young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the pieces of wood for an ascending-sacrifice, and mounted and went his way unto the place which God had named to him. It was, on the third day, that Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off. And Abraham said unto his young men - Tarry by yourselves here with the ass, but I and the young man must go yonder, - that we may bow ourselves down and return unto you. So Abraham took the pieces of wood for the ascending-sacrifice, and laid them on Isaac his son, and took in his own hand the fire and the knife, and they went on their way, both of them together. Then said Isaac unto Abraham his father, then said he; My father! And he said, Behold me, my son, And he said, Behold the fire, and the pieces of wood, - but where is the lamb, for an ascending-sacrifice? And Abraham said, God, will provide for himself the lamb for an ascending-sacrifice, my son! So they went on their way, both of them, together. Then came they into the place which God had named to him, and Abraham built there the altar, and aid in order the pieces of wood, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar, above the pieces of wood. And Abraham put forth his hand, and took the knife, - to slay his son. Then called out unto him the messenger of Yahweh out of the heavens, and said. Abraham, Abraham! And he said Behold me! Then he said, Do not put forth thy hand unto the young man, neither do to him - anything at all, - for, now, know I that one who reverest God, thou art, when thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only one, from me. And Abraham lifted up his eyes and looked, and lo! a ram, behind, caught in a thicket by his horns, and Abraham went, and took the ram, and caused him to ascend as an ascending-sacrifice instead of his son. So Abraham called the name of that place Yahweh, - as to which it is still said to-day, In the mountain of Yahweh, will provision be made. Then called out the messenger of Yahweh unto Abraham, - a second time out of the heavens; and said, By myself, have I sworn is the oracle of Yahweh, - Because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only one, That I will, richly bless, thee, and, abundantly multiply, thy seed, as the stars of the heavens, and as the sand which is on the lip of the sea, - that thy seed may take possession of the gate of his foes: So shall all the nations of the earth bless themselves in thy seed, - Because thou didst hearken unto my voice.
And it came to pass, during those many days, that the king of Egypt died, and the sons of Israel sighed by reason of the servitude and lamented, - and their cry for help went up to God, by reason of the servitude.
And when the sons of Israel saw it they said one to another - What is that? For they knew not what "that" was. Then said Moses unto them, "That" is the bread which Yahweh hath given you to eat.
And, from the assembly of the sons of Israel, shall he receive two he-goats, for bearing sin, - and one ram, as an ascending-sacrifice.
And Aaron shall cast lots over the two goats, - one lot for Yahweh, and one lot for Azazel. Then shall Aaron bring near the goat over which came up the lot for Yahweh, - and shall make of hint a sin-bearer;
And Aaron shall lean his two hands upon the head of the living goat, and confess over him, all the iniquities of the sons of Israel, and all their transgressions, to the extent of all their sins, - and shall put them upon the head of the goat, and then send him away, by the hand of a man appointed towards the desert:
Then said Yahweh unto Moses - Make thee a like serpent, and put it upon standard, - and it shall come to pass, that, any one who is bitten, as soon as he seeth it, shall live. So Moses made a serpent of bronze, and put it upon the standard, - and it came to pass - that if the serpent had bitten any man, as soon as he directed his look unto the serpent of bronze, he lived.
Then, sang Israel this song, - Spring thou up, O well! Respond ye thereunto; A well! - princes digged it, Nobles of the people, delved it, With a sceptre, With their staves. And, from the desert, to Mattanah;
Only be very firm and bold, taking heed to do according to all the law which Moses my servant commanded thee, do not turn aside therefrom, to the right hand or to the left, - that thou mayest prosper, whithersoever thou goest.
Now, therefore, take you twelve men, out of the tribes of Israel, - one man severally for each tribe;
Yet, I, have installed my king, - on Zion my holy mountain.
But made choice of the tribe of Judah, The mountain of Zion, which he loved; And built, like the heights, his sanctuary, Like the earth, he founded it to times age-abiding. read more. And made choice of David his servant, And took him from among the folds of the sheep: From after the sucking ewes, he brought him in, - To be shepherd to Jacob his people, And to Israel, his inheritance. So he did shepherd them, according to the singleness of his heart, And, with the discernment of his hands, used he to guide them.
that thou shalt take up this taunt over the king of Babylon, and shalt say: - How hath ceased the oppressor! Ceased the exactress! Broke hath Yahweh the staff of the lawless, - The sceptre of despots; read more. Smiting peoples in passion With stroke unremitting, - Trampling, in anger, on nations, Persecution unhindered. Quiet, at rest, the whole earth, - Men have burst into shouting! Yea the pine-trees, make mirth at thee, Cedars of Lebanon, Since thou wast laid low, No feller hath come up against us! Hades beneath, is excited about thee To meet thine arrival, - Rousing up, for thee Shades, All the he-goats of earth! Maketh rise from their thrones, All the kings of the nations. All of them, answer, and say to thee, - Thou too, made strengthless, as we! Unto us, art thou like! Brought down to Hades, thy pride. The hum of thy harps, Beneath thee, is spread out corruption, And, thy coverlet - worms! How hast thou fallen from heaven, O Shining One - Son of the Dawn! Hewn down to the earth, O crusher of nations! Yet, thou, didst say in thy heart - The heavens, will I ascend, Above the stars of GOD, will I lift up my throne, - That I may sit in the Mount of Assembly In the Recesses of the North: I will mount on the hills of the clouds, I will match the Most High! Howbeit, to Hades, shalt thou be brought down, - To the Recesses of the Pit! They who see thee, upon thee, will gaze, Upon thee, will thoughtfully muse, - Is this the man who startled the earth? Who terrified kingdoms? Who made the world like a desert And its cities, brake down? Its prisoners, he loosed not. Bach one to his home. All the kings of the nations - they all, are lying in state Each one in his crypt; But, thou, art flung out from thy grave, Like a scion detested, Beshrouded with slain, the pierced of the sword, Like a carcase trod underfoot: As for them who go down to the stones of the Pit, Thou shalt not be united with them in burial; For thy land, thou didst ruin Thy people, didst slay, - Unnamed to times ago-abiding, Be the seed of the wicked! Prepare - for his sons - shambles. For the iniquity of their fathers, - They shall not rise nor possess the earth, Nor fill the face of the world with cities. I will rise. Then. against them, Declareth Yahweh of hosts, - And will cut off from Babylon Record and remnant And scion and seed, Declareth Yahweh. And will make her a possession for the bittern, And marshes of water, - And will sweep it with the besom of destruction, Declareth Yahweh of hosts.
the king spake and said, Is not, this, Babylon the great, - which, I myself, have built as the home of the kingdom, by the might of my power, and for the dignity of my majesty?
And, as it came to pass in the days of Noah, so, will it be, even in the days of the Son of Man: They were eating, they were drinking, they were marrying, they were being given in marriage, - until the day that Noah entered into the ark, and the flood came, and destroyed them all.
And, just as, Moses, lifted up the serpent in the desert, so, must, the Son of Man, be lifted up, -
But, whosoever shall drink of the water which, I, will give him, in nowise shall thirst, unto times age-abiding, - but, the water which I will give him, shall become, within him, a fountain of water, springing up unto life age-abiding.
Our fathers, did eat, the manna, in the desert, - just as it is written: Bread out of heaven, he gave them to eat. Jesus said unto them - Verily, verily, I say unto you: Not Moses, gave you the bread out of heaven; but, my Father, giveth you the real bread out of heaven. read more. For, the bread of God, is that which is coming down out of heaven, and giving, life, unto the world.
The other disciples, therefore, were saying unto him - We have seen the Lord! But, he, said unto them - Except I see, in his hands, the print of the nails, and press my finger into the print of the nails, and press my hand into his side, in nowise will I believe.
Nay! but ye took with you the tent of Moloch, and the star of the god Rephan, - the forms which ye made to bow down unto them: therefore will I carry you away beyond Babylon. The tent of witness, was with our fathers in the desert, according as he who was speaking unto Moses, gave instructions, to make it, according to the model which he had seen.
For, passing through, and carefully observing your objects of devotion, I found an altar also, in which was inscribed - Unto an Unknown God. What, therefore, not knowing, ye reverence, the same, do, I, declare unto you.
nor, by human hands, is waited upon, as though in want of anything, himself, giving unto all life and breath and all things;
Who was delivered up on account of our offences and was raised on account of the declaring us righteous.
Yet still, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over them who had not sinned after the likeness of the transgression of Adam, - who is a type of the Coming One; -
Yet still, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over them who had not sinned after the likeness of the transgression of Adam, - who is a type of the Coming One; -
In order that - just as sin reigned in death, so, also, favour, might reign through righteousness unto life age-abiding, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
But thanks be unto God, that - whereas ye were servants of sin, ye became obedient out of the heart unto the mould of teaching into which ye were delivered;
For, what was impossible by the law in that it was weak through the flesh, God, by sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and concerning sin, condemned sin in the flesh,
But, in these things, they became, ensamples for us, to the end we should not be covetous of evil things, even as, they, also coveted;
But, these things, by way of type, were happening unto them, and were written with a view to our admonition, unto whom, the ends of the ages, have reached along.
But, these things, by way of type, were happening unto them, and were written with a view to our admonition, unto whom, the ends of the ages, have reached along.
But, these things, by way of type, were happening unto them, and were written with a view to our admonition, unto whom, the ends of the ages, have reached along.
Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father, -
Brethren! in human fashion, am I speaking: yet still, a man's confirmed covenant, no one setteth aside or addeth unto: Now, unto Abraham, were spoken the promises - and unto his seed; - He saith not - and unto thy seeds, as of many, but, as of one - and unto thy seed, which is Christ:
Out of whom all the body - fitly framing itself together, and connecting itself, through means of every joint of supply, by way of energising in the measure of each single part - secureth the growing of the body, unto an upbuilding of itself in love.
Because, members, are we of his body; -
Imitators together of me, become ye, brethren, and keep an eye on them who, thus, are walking, - even as ye have, us, for, an ensample.
Who hath rescued us out of the authority of the darkness, and translated us into the kingdom of the Son of his love;
That I may make it manifest as behoveth me to speak.
In all things, shewing, thyself, an ensample of noble works, - in thine instruction, uncorruptness, gravity,
Thou hast made him less, some little, than messengers, With glory and honour, hast thou crowned him, - And hast set him over the works of thy hands;
Seeing therefore the children have received a fellowship of blood and flesh, he also, in like manner, took partnership in the same, - in order that, through death, - he might paralyse him that held the dominion of death, that is, the Adversary, - And might release these - as many as, by fear of death, were all their lifetime liable, to bondage.
But, Christ, as, a Son, over his house, - whose house are, we, - if, the freedom of speech and boast of the hope, throughout, firm,we hold fast.
Who, indeed, are rendering divine service, with a glimpse and shadow, of the heavenly things; even as Moses hath received intimation, when about to complete the tent, - For see! saith he - Thou shalt make all things according to the model which hath been pointed out to thee in the mount.
For, not into a Holy place made by hand, entered Christ, - counterpart of the real Holy place ; but, into the heaven itself, now, to be plainly manifested before the face of God in our behalf; -
For, not into a Holy place made by hand, entered Christ, - counterpart of the real Holy place ; but, into the heaven itself, now, to be plainly manifested before the face of God in our behalf; -
But this priest, having offered one sacrifice for sins evermore, sat down on the right hand of God:
He also saith - of their sins, and of their lawlessnesses, I will in nowise be mindful any more.
By faith, a fuller sacrifice, did Abel, offer unto God, than Cain, - through which, he received witness that he was righteous, there being a witnessing upon his gifts, by God; and, through it, though he died, he yet is speaking.
By faith, Abraham, when tested, offered up Isaac, and, the only-begotten, would he have offered up, who the promises had accepted, - Even him of whom it had been said - In Isaac, shall there be called to thee, a seed: read more. Accounting that, even from among the dead, God, was able, to raise him , - whence, even in similitude, he bare him away.
But ye have approached - unto Zion's mountain, and unto the city of a Living God, a heavenly Jerusalem, - and unto myriads of messengers,
Which water in manner corresponding, doth, now, save, you also - even immersion, - not a putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the request unto God, for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, -
And I saw, and lo! the Lamb, standing upon the mount Zion, - and, with him, a hundred and forty-four thousand, having his name and his Father's name written upon their foreheads.
Watsons
TYPE. This word is not frequently used in Scripture; but what it signifies is supposed to be very frequently implied. We usually consider a type as an example, pattern, or general similitude to a person, event, or thing which is to come: and in this it differs from a representation, memorial, or commemoration of an event, &c, which is past. The Spirit of God has adopted a variety of means to indicate his perfect foreknowledge of all events, and his power to control them. This is sometimes declared by express verbal prophecy; sometimes by specific actions performed by divine command; and sometimes by those peculiar events, in the lives of individuals, and the history or religious observances of the Israelites, which were caused to bear a designed reference to some parts of the Gospel history. The main point, says Chevallier, in an inquiry into these historical types, is to establish the fact of a preconcerted connection between the two series of events. No similarity, in itself, is sufficient to prove such a correspondence. Even those recorded in Scripture are recorded under very different circumstances. If the first event be declared to be typical, at the time when it occurs, and the second correspond with the prediction so delivered, there can be no doubt that the correspondence was designed. If, before the occurrence of the second event, there be delivered a distinct prophecy, that it will happen, and will correspond with some previous event; the fulfilment of the prophecy furnishes an intrinsic proof, that the person who gave it spake by divine inspiration. It may not, from this fact, follow, that the two events were connected by a design formed before either of them occurred; but it certainly does follow, that the second event, in some measure, had respect to the first; and that whatever degree of connection was, by such a prophet, assumed to exist, did really exist. If, again, no specific declaration be made, respecting the typical character of any event or person, until after the second event has occurred, which is then declared to have been prefigured; the fact of preconcerted connection will rest solely upon the authority of the person who advances the assertion. But, if we know, from other sources, that his words are the words of truth, our only inquiry will be, if he either distinctly asserts, or plainly infers, the existence of a designed correspondence. The fact, then, of a preconcerted connection between two series of events, is capable of being established in three ways: and the historical types may be accordingly arranged in three principal divisions. Some of them afford intrinsic evidence, that the Scriptures, which record them, are given by inspiration of God; the others can be proved to exist only by assuming that fact: but all, when once established, display the astonishing power and wisdom of God; and the importance of that scheme of redemption, which was ushered into the world with such magnificent preparations. In contemplating this wonderful system we discern one great intention interwoven, not only into the verbal prophecies and extraordinary events of the history of the Israelites, but into the ordinary transactions of the lives of selected individuals, even from the creation of the world. Adam was "the figure of him that was to come," Ro 5:14. Melchisedec was "made like unto the Son of God," Heb 7:3. Abraham, in the course of events in which he was engaged by the especial command of Heaven, was enabled to see Christ's day, Joh 8:56; and Isaac was received from the dead "in a figure," Heb 11:19. At a later period, the paschal lamb was ordained to be sacrificed, not only as a memorial of the immediate deliverance, which it was instituted to procure and to commemorate, but also as a continued memorial of that which was to be "fulfilled in the kingdom of God," Lu 22:16. Moses was raised up to deliver the people of Israel; to be to them a lawgiver, a prophet, a priest; and to possess the regal authority, if not the title of king. But, during the early period of his life, he was himself taught, that one great prophet should be raised up like unto him; before his death he delivered the same prophecy to the people; and, after that event, the Israelites continually looked for that faithful prophet, who should return answer to their inquiries, 1 Macc. 4:46; 14:41. Their prophets all pointed to some greater lawgiver, who should introduce a new law into their hearts, and inscribe them upon their minds, Jer 31:33. The whole people of Israel were also made, in some instances, designedly representative of Christ: and the events, which occurred in their national history, distinctly referred to him. During their wanderings in the wilderness, God left not himself without witness, which should bear reference to the great scheme of the Gospel. They ate spiritual meat. It was an emblem of the true bread of life, which came down from heaven, Joh 6:39. "They drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ," 1Co 10:4. They were destroyed of serpents; and a brazen serpent was lifted up on a pole, that whosoever looked might live. It was a sensible figure of the Son of man, who was in like manner to be lifted up; "that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life," Joh 3:15. Beside, their religious ordinances were only "a figure for the time then present," Heb 9:9. Their tabernacle was made after the pattern of heavenly things, Heb 8:5; Ex 25:9,40; and was intended to prefigure the "greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands," Heb 9:11. The high priest was a living representative of the great "High Priest of our profession," Heb 3:1: and the Levitical sacrifices plainly had respect to the one great sacrifice for sins. Joshua the son of Nun represented Jesus in name: and by his earthly conquests in some measure prefigured the heavenly triumphs of his Lord. In a subsequent period, David was no indistinct type of "the Messiah the Prince," Da 9:25, for a long time humbled, and at length triumphant over his enemies. And the peaceable dominion of Solomon prefigured that eternal rest and peace, which remaineth to the people of God. In a still later age, the miraculous preservation of the Prophet Jonah displayed a sign, which was fulfilled in the resurrection of Christ. And when the temple was rebuilt, Joshua, the son of Josedech, the high priest, and his fellows, were set forth as "men of sign," representatives of the Branch, which should, in the fulness of time, be raised up to the stem of Jesse, Zec 3:8; Isa 11:1. The illustration, then, to be derived from the historical types of the Old Testament, is found diffused over the whole period, which extends from the creation of the world, to the time when vision and prophecy were sealed. And all the light, which emanates from so many various points, is concentrated in the person of Christ.
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according to all that, I, am shewing thee, the pattern of the habitation, and the pattern of all the furnishings thereof, even so, shall ye make it.
And see thou and make them, by the pattern of them, which thou wast caused to behold in the mount
But there shall come forth a shoot from the stock of Jesse, - And, a sprout from his roots, shall bear fruit; And the spirit of Yahweh shall rest upon him, -
For, this, is the covenant which I will solemnize with the house of Israel after those days Declareth Yahweh, I will put my law within them, Yea, on their heart, will I write it, - So will I become their God, And they shall become my people.
Thou must know, then, and understand: From the going forth of the word to restore and to build Jerusalem - unto the Anointed One, the Prince, shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks, - the broadway and the wall, shall again be built, even in the end of the times.
Hear, I pray thee, O Joshua the high priest, thou and thy friends who are sitting before thee, for, men to serve as signs, they are, - For behold me! bringing in my servant, the Bud;
For, I say unto you - In nowise shall I eat it, until it have been fulfilled in the kingdom of God.
That, whosoever believeth in him, may have life age-abiding.
And, this, is the will of him that sent me, That, of all that which he hath given me, I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day.
Abraham, your father, exulted that he should see my day; and he saw, and rejoiced.
Yet still, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over them who had not sinned after the likeness of the transgression of Adam, - who is a type of the Coming One; -
And, all, drank, the same spiritual drink, - for they continued to drink of the spiritual rock that followed them, and, the rock, was the Christ: -
Whence, holy brethren, partners, in a heavenly calling, attentively consider the Apostle and High - priest of our confession - Jesus
Without father, without mother, without pedigree, having, neither beginning of days, nor of life an end, but made like unto the Son of God, abideth a priest evermore.
Who, indeed, are rendering divine service, with a glimpse and shadow, of the heavenly things; even as Moses hath received intimation, when about to complete the tent, - For see! saith he - Thou shalt make all things according to the model which hath been pointed out to thee in the mount.
The which is a similitude for the present season, according to which both gifts and sacrifices are offered, which cannot, as to the conscience, perfect him that rendereth the divine service: -
But, when Christ approached, as high-priest of the coming good things, through the greater and more perfect tent, not made by hand, that is, not of this creation, -
Accounting that, even from among the dead, God, was able, to raise him , - whence, even in similitude, he bare him away.