Reference: Children (Sons) of God
Hastings
There are a few passages in the OT in which the term 'sons of God' is applied to angelic beings (Ge 6:1-4; Job 1:6; 2:1; 38:7; cf. Da 3:25 RV). Once the judges of Israel are referred to as 'gods,' perhaps as appointed by God and vested with His authority (but the passage is very obscure; may the words be ironical?), and, in parallel phrase, as 'sons of the Most High' (Ps 82:6, cf. Joh 10:34; also, Ps 29:1; 89:6 Revised Version margin).
With these exceptions, the term, with the correlative one of 'Father,' designates the relation of men to God and of God to men, with varying fulness of meaning. It is obvious that the use of such a figure has wide possibilities. To call God 'Father' may imply little more than that He is creator and ruler of men (cf. 'Zeus, father of gods and men'); or it may connote some phase of His providence towards a favoured individual or nation; or, again, it may assert that a father's love at its highest is the truest symbol we can frame of God's essential nature and God's disposition towards all men. Similarly, men may conceivably be styled 'children of God' from mere dependence, from special privilege, from moral likeness, or finally from a full and willing response to the Divine Fatherhood in filial love, trust, and obedience. It is, therefore, not surprising that the Scripture facts present a varying and progressive conception of God as Father and of men as His children.
I. In the OT.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.
"You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' But I say to you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, read more. that you may be sons of your Father in heaven; for he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust.
that you may be sons of your Father in heaven; for he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust. For if you love those who love you, what reward have you? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? read more. And if you greet only your brethren, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same? You, therefore, must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.
"Take heed that you do not do your charitable deeds before men, to be seen by them. If you do, you will have no reward from your Father in heaven.
But if you do not forgive men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.
Look at the birds of the air: they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they?
At that time Jesus declared, "I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and intelligent and have revealed them to babes.
At that time Jesus declared, "I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and intelligent and have revealed them to babes.
Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears, let him hear.
And going a little farther he fell on his face and prayed, "O my Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will."
And whenever you stand praying, if you have anything against anyone, forgive him, so that your Father in heaven may also forgive you your trespasses.
But love your enemies, do good, and lend, expecting nothing in return; and your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High. For he is kind to the ungrateful and evil. Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful.
All things have been delivered to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is except the Father, and who the Father is except the Son, and the one to whom the Son chooses to reveal him."
He said to them, "When you pray, say: 'Father, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come.
If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!"
Now when the centurion saw what had happened, he praised God, and said, "Certainly this was a righteous man!"
But to all who received him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God who were born, not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God. read more. And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, the glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth.
No one has ever seen God; God the only Son, who is in the bosom of the Father, he has made him known.
Jesus answered him, "Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God." Nicodemus said to him, "How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother's womb and be born?" read more. Jesus answered, "Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not marvel that I said to you, 'You must be born again.' read more. The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit."
No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day.
And he said, "This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it has been granted to him by the Father."
They answered him, "Abraham is our father." Jesus said to them, "If you were Abraham's children, you would do the things Abraham did, but now you seek to kill me, a man who has told you the truth which I heard from God. This is not what Abraham did. read more. You do the deeds of your father." They said to him, "We were not born of fornication; we have one Father God." Jesus said to them, "If God were your Father, you would love me, for I proceeded and came forth from God; I have not come of my own accord, but he sent me.
Jesus answered them, "Is it not written in your law, 'I said, you are gods'?
and not for that nation only, but also that he would gather together into one the children of God who were scattered abroad.
Jesus said to him, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.
In that day you will know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you.
Jesus said to her, "Do not hold me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father; but go to my brethren and say to them, "I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.'"
but these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.
'For in him we live and move and have our being,' as even some of your own poets have said, 'We are his offspring.'
and declared to be the Son of God with power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord.
For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God. For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again to fear, but you received the Spirit of sonship by whom we cry out, "Abba, Father." read more. The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God, and if children, then heirsheirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with him, in order that we may also be glorified with him. I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed in us. For the creation waits with eager expectation for the revealing of the sons of God. For the creation was subjected to futility, not of its own will, but by the will of him who subjected it in hope; because the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to decay and obtain the glorious liberty of the children of God. We know that the whole creation has been groaning in birth pangs together until now. And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.
And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies. For in this hope we were saved. But hope that is seen is not hope. For who hopes for what he sees? read more. But if we hope for what we do not see, we wait for it with patience.
For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.
For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.
They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises.
In other words, it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are reckoned as descendants.
As indeed he says in Hosea: "I will call them who were not my people 'my people,' and her who was not beloved I will call 'my beloved.'" "And it will happen that in the very place where it was said to them, 'You are not my people,' they will be called 'sons of the living God.'"
"And it will happen that in the very place where it was said to them, 'You are not my people,' they will be called 'sons of the living God.'"
For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; the same Lord is Lord of all and bestows his riches on all who call upon him. For, "everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved."
Again I ask, did Israel not understand? First Moses says, "I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; by a foolish nation I will make you angry."
Now before faith came, we were bound under the law, kept under restraint until faith should be revealed.
For you are all sons of God, through faith in Christ Jesus.
I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave, although he is the owner of all the estate; but he is under guardians and trustees until the date set by the father. read more. So also, when we were children, we were in slavery under the elemental things of the world. But when the time had fully come, God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons. Because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, "Abba! Father!" So you are no longer a slave, but a son; and if a son, then an heir through God.
So you are no longer a slave, but a son; and if a son, then an heir through God.
Now you, brethren, like Isaac, are children of promise.
he predestined us to be adopted as his sons through Jesus Christ, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace, which he freely bestowed on us in the Beloved. read more. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace which he lavished on us. In all wisdom and insight he made known to us the mystery of his will according to his good pleasure, which he purposed in Christ, as a plan for the fullness of the times, to unite all things in Christ, things in heaven and things on earth. In him also we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things after the counsel of his will, in order that we, who were the first to hope in Christ, would be for the praise of his glory. In him, you also have heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation. Having also believed, you were sealed in him with the promised Holy Spirit, who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance, until the redemption of those who are God's possessionto the praise of his glory.
who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance, until the redemption of those who are God's possessionto the praise of his glory. For this reason, ever since I heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus and your love for all the saints, read more. I do not cease giving thanks for you, remembering you in my prayers, that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him. I pray also that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened, so that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,
so that you may be blameless and innocent, children of God without blemish in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world,
For to which of the angels did God ever say, "You are my son, today I have begotten you"? And again, "I will be a father to him and he shall be a son to me"?
But we see Jesus, who for a little while was made lower than the angels, crowned with glory and honor because of the suffering of death, so that by the grace of God he might taste death for everyone. For it was fitting that he, for whom and through whom all things exist, in bringing many sons to glory, should make the author of their salvation perfect through suffering. read more. For both he who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of one. That is why he is not ashamed to call them brethren, saying, "I will declare your name to my brethren, in the midst of the congregation I will sing your praise." And again, "I will put my trust in him." And again, "Here am I, and the children God has given me." Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same nature, that through death he might destroy him who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and might free those who through fear of death were subject to slavery all their lives. For surely it is not with angels that he is concerned, but with the descendants of Abraham. Therefore he had to be made like his brethren in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make atonement for the sins of the people. For because he himself has suffered, being tempted, he is able to help those who are tempted.
In your struggle against sin, you have not yet resisted to the point of shedding your blood. And have you forgotten the exhortation which addresses you as sons? "My son, do not regard lightly the discipline of the Lord, nor lose courage when you are rebuked by him. read more. For those whom the Lord loves he disciplines, and he scourges every son whom he receives." It is for discipline that you endure. God is treating you as sons; for what son is there whom his father does not discipline? If you are left without discipline, in which all have become partakers, then you are illegitimate children and not sons. Besides this, we have had fathers of our flesh to discipline us and we respected them. Shall we not much more be subject to the Father of spirits and live? For they disciplined us for a short time as seemed best to them, but he disciplines us for our good, that we may share his holiness. For the moment all discipline seems painful rather than pleasant; but later it yields the peaceful fruit of righteousness to those who have been trained by it. Therefore lift your feeble hands and strengthen your weak knees, and make straight paths for your feet, so that what is lame may not be put out of joint, but rather be healed.
Every good thing given and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shifting shadow. Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of first fruits of his creatures.
Religion that is pure and undefiled in the sight of our God and Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.
With it we bless our Lord and Father, and with it we curse men, who have been made in the likeness of God.
Blessed be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has caused us to be born again into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,
If you address as Father the One who impartially judges according to each one's work, conduct yourselves in fear during the time of your exile on earth.
For you have been born again, not of perishable seed, but of imperishable, through the living and enduring word of God.
Therefore, put away all malice and all deceit and hypocrisy and envy and all slander. Like newborn babes, long for the pure spiritual milk, so that by it you may grow up in your salvation, read more. for you have tasted the kindness of the Lord. As you come to him, the living Stone rejected by men but chosen and precious in the sight of God you also, like living stones, are being built into a spiritual house to be a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. For it stands in scripture: "Behold, I lay in Zion a stone, a cornerstone chosen and precious, and he who believes in him will not be put to shame." To you therefore who believe, this is precious, but for those who do not believe, "The very stone which the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone," and, "A stone that causes men to stumble and a rock that makes them fall;" they stumble because they disobey the wordas they were desstined to do. But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God's own possession, that you may declare the praises of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light. Once you were not a people, but now you are the people of God; once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
Once you were not a people, but now you are the people of God; once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
For all that is in the worldthe lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of lifeis not of the Father but is of the world.
No one who denies the Son has the Father; whoever acknowledges the Son has the Father also.
If you know that he is righteous, you know that everyone who does right is born of him.
Beloved, now we are children of God; and it has not yet been revealed what we shall be, but we know that when he appears, we shall be like him, for we shall see him as he is.
No one who is of God practices sin, for God's seed remains in him; and he cannot sin, because he has been born of God.
Beloved, let us love one another, for love is of God; and everyone who loves is born of God and knows God.
Everyone who believes that Jesus is the Christ is born of God, and everyone who loves the parent loves the child.
For whatever is born of God overcomes the world. And this is the victory that has overcome the worldour faith.
He who overcomes will inherit all this, and I will be his God and he will be my son. But as for the cowardly, the unbelieving, the immoral, as for murderers, fornicators, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars, their lot will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur, which is the second death."