Reference: John, The Gospel According to
Fausets
Well called "the Gospel of the incarnate God," "the Gospel of witness," that of the Father, that of Scripture, that of miracles, that of Jesus Himself. Written at Ephesus at the request of the Asiatic bishops to set forth more profoundly Christ's Divinity (Jerome, Prolegomena in Matthew). Ephesus, after Jerusalem's fall, A.D. 70, took a chief place in oriental Christendom. Containing a large Christian church, a synagogue of zealous Jews, and the most famous of pagan temples that of Artemis or Diana, it was a common meeting ground for widely diverse creeds. Philosophical speculation too had free scope in its xystus; here Cerinthus broached his doctrines, concocted at Alexandria. Its commercial position on the sea linking the East and West adapted it as an admirable center for the diffusion of gospel truth. John sets forth the positive truth which indirectly yet effectively counteracts Gnosticism, Ebionitism, and docetism. The Spirit has made his Gospel virtually supplementary to the other three. (See GOSPELS; JESUS CHRIST.)
Theirs is that of "Christ according to the flesh," his that of "Christ according to the Spirit." As he joined Christ early he records facts of His ministry in Galilee and Jerusalem, prior to those in the three synoptists. He writes with a specification of times and places, and a freshness, which mark an eye-witness (Joh 1:29,35,37-40; 2:1; 3:1; 4:40,43; 6:22; 13:1-11; 18:10-16; 19:26; 20:3-10,24-29). That the beloved disciple (called episteethios from his reclining on Jesus' breast) was the writer appears from Joh 19:25-27,35; 21:24; 1:14. Another undesigned propriety identifying him is, though naming John the Baptist 20 times he always omits "the Baptist," whereby the three synoptists distinguish him from John the evangelist.
PLACE AND TIME. His allusions in the peculiar terms of his prologue to the theosophic notions prevalent at Ephesus accord with that city being the place of his writing the Gospel. Ac 18:24 implies the connection between Alexandria, the headquarters of Gnosticism, and Ephesus. John 21 is an appendix written subsequently to Joh 20:30-31 (which at first completed the Gospel), perhaps after Peter's martyrdom. The Gospel cannot have been written at the same time and place as Revelation, the styles are so different, His mode of counting the hours as we do was Asiatic (see Townson, Harmony, 8:1, section 3), and accords with Ephesus being the place of writing. His not feeling it necessary to explain Jesus' prophecy that John should tarry until He came (John 21) shows that he wrote soon after the destruction of Jerusalem (A.D. 70), when that event was generally understood as being the Lord's coming, namely, in judgment upon the Jews.
In Joh 5:2 the sheep market with five porches is spoken of as still standing, perhaps spared as some other things for convenience by Titus (Josephus, B. J., 7:1, section 1). Testimonies of authenticity. If Joh 21:24-25 came from some Ephesian disciples this is the oldest testimony to it. 2Pe 1:14 alludes to (Joh 21:18) Christ's prophecy of Peter's crucifixion, taking for granted his readers' acquaintance with the Gospel, the strongest kind of testimony as being undesigned. Ignatius (his Epistle to the Romans), Polycarp (his Epistle to the Philippians), the Epistle to Diognetus, Justin Martyr (Apol. 1:61, Dialogue with Trypho 63,88), contain implied quotations of it; their not expressly quoting it is due to the prevalence of oral more than written teaching at first; while the inspired preachings of apostles were fresh in memory definite appeals to writings are less to be expected than in the following age. The general references of the former and the definite quotations of the latter are just what we might expect presuming the Gospel genuine.
Papias (Eusebius H. E. iii. 39) used the first epistle of John which is close akin to the Gospel. Tatian's Diatessaron opens," In the beginning was the Word"; he quotes this Gospel in Orat. contra Gentil. Thus, its currency A.D. 170 is proved. Theophihs of Antioch (Autol. 2) first expressly attributes it to John; he wrote a commentary on the four and a harmony (Jerome Alg. 53, Vir. Illust. 25). He and Tadan therefore, in the second century, considered the four the exclusively canonical standard. Irenaeus, a hearer of Polycarp, the disciple of John, argues for the propriety of the number four; his argument proves their long and universal acceptance by the church more conclusively than if it had been his aim to demonstrate it. The Alogi of Asia Minor were the only sect that rejected this Gospel, owing to their opposition to Montanus, whose heresies they thought were favored by it. The diversity of the scene and incidents of Christ's ministry in it, as compared with the three preceding Gospels, is just what we might expect if the author were acquainted with them.
For while as an independent witness he does not with formal design supplement them, yet he generally omits under the Spirit those particulars already handled by his predecessors. Excepting the crucifixion and resurrection, respecting which he gives new information, he has only two sections in common with the Synoptists (Joh 6:1-21; 12:1). He omits Christ's baptism, temptation, mission of the twelve, transfiguration (of which he was one of the three selected eye witnesses), the Lord's supper, and the agony in Gethsemane, yet incidental hints show his taking them for granted as known already (Joh 1:14,32; 13:2; 14:30; 18:1,11), which last refers to the very words of His prayer during the agony, recorded by the synoptists, an undesigned coincidence and so a proof of authenticity; Joh 14:30 is the link between the temptation (Lu 4:13) and His agony (Lu 22:40-53); Joh 11:1 assumes the reader's acquaintance with Mary and Martha, from Lu 10:38.
So Joh 4:43-44; 7:41, tacitly refer to the facts recorded in Mt 13:54; 2:23; 18:33 takes for granted the fact recorded in Lu 23:2. John 6, wherein he repeats the miraculous feeding of 5,000 recorded by the synoptists, is introduced to preface the discourse which John alone records. In John 12 the anointing by Mary is repeated for its connection with Judas' subsequent history. The objections to John's acquaintance with the synoptical Gospels are based on the presumption that in that case he was bound to slavishly supplement them and guard against the appearance of discrepancies between him and them.
But he was an independent witness, not formally designing to supplement; yet as knowing their Gospels he would mostly use materials heretofore not handled. As they presented Jesus' outer and popular life, so it remained that he should represent the deeper truths of His divine mission and Person. They met the church's first needs; he, its later wants. Luke's Gospel was written under Paul's superintendence at least 20 years before John's. Considering the intercourse between the Christian churches it is incredible that his Gospel should have been unknown at Ephesus, John's and previously Paul's scene of labours, and this to John a "pillar" of the church.
DESIGN. John, the last surviving apostle, would surely be consulted on the canonicity of New Testament Scriptures which by God's providence he lived to see completed. Theodore of Mopsuestia, 4th century (Catena Johann. Corder. Mill New Testament) says John did attest it. Clement Alex. (Eusebius, H. E. vi. 14) states on the authority of old presbyters (and the Muratorian Fragment, Ant. M. Aev. 3, confirms the statement) that John wrote at his friends' request to give Christ's "spiritual" aspect, the former Gospels already having given His "bodily" aspect. John, who leant on Jesus' breast, His closest intimate, was the fittest to set forth the deeper spiritual truths of the Son of God. Thus the "ye" (Joh 19:35; 20:31) will refer to John's "friends" primarily, the general church secondarily. To prove "that Jesus is the Christ the Son of God" is this Gospel's declared design, that men so "believing might have life through His name."
A continued polemic reference is not likely, considering John's contemplative and usually loving spirit. An incidental guarding of the truth against incipient heresies in that region certainly there i
See Verses Found in Dictionary
and settled in a town called Nazareth in order to fulfill what was said by the prophets: "He will be called a Nazarene."
Large crowds from Galilee, the Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea, and from across the Jordan followed him.
But I say to you, love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you,
When Jesus had finished saying all these things, the crowds were utterly amazed at his teaching, because he was teaching them like a person who had authority, and not like their scribes.
So ask the Lord of the harvest to send out workers into his harvest."
All things have been entrusted to me by my Father. No one fully knows the Son except the Father, and no one fully knows the Father except the Son and the person to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.
He went to his hometown and began teaching the people in their synagogue in such a way that they were amazed and asked, "Where did this man get this wisdom and these miracles?
When evening had come, the disciples went to him and said, "This is a deserted place, and it's already late. Send the crowds away so that they can go into the villages and buy food for themselves."
Simon Peter answered, "You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God!"
Shouldn't you have had mercy on your fellow servant, just as I had mercy on you?'
When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went to the territory of Judea on the other side of the Jordan.
"O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones to death those who have been sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!
You'll always have the destitute with you, but you'll not always have me.
Later that evening, a rich man arrived from Arimathea. His name was Joseph, and he had become a disciple of Jesus.
teaching them to obey everything that I've commanded you. And remember, I am with you each and every day until the end of the age."
Now after John had been arrested, Jesus went to Galilee and proclaimed the gospel about the kingdom of God.
So Jesus withdrew with his disciples to the sea. A large crowd from Galilee, Judea, Jerusalem, Idumea, from across the Jordan, and from the region around Tyre and Sidon followed him. They came to him because they kept hearing about everything he was doing.
After the Devil had finished tempting Jesus in every possible way, he left him until another time.
"The Spirit of the Lord is upon me; he has anointed me to tell the good news to the poor. He has sent me to announce release to the prisoners and recovery of sight to the blind, to set oppressed people free,
he began to say to them, "Today this Scripture has been fulfilled, as you've heard it read aloud."
All things have been entrusted to me by my Father. No one knows who the Son is except the Father, and no one knows who the Father is except the Son and the person to whom the Son chooses to reveal him."
Now as they were traveling along, Jesus went into a village. A woman named Martha welcomed him into her home.
Now as they were traveling along, Jesus went into a village. A woman named Martha welcomed him into her home.
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones to death those who have been sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you people were unwilling!
When he arrived, he told them, "Keep on praying that you may not be tempted." Then he withdrew from them about a stone's throw, knelt down, and began to pray, read more. "Father, if you are willing, take this cup away from me. Yet not my will but yours be done." Then an angel from heaven appeared to him and strengthened him. In his anguish he prayed more earnestly, and his sweat became like large drops of blood falling on the ground. When he got up from prayer, he went to the disciples and found them asleep from sorrow. He asked them, "Why are you sleeping? Get up and keep on praying that you may not be tempted." While Jesus was still speaking, a crowd arrived. The man called Judas, one of the Twelve, was leading them, and he came close to Jesus to kiss him. But Jesus asked him, "Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?" When those who were around Jesus saw what was about to take place, they asked, "Lord, should we attack with our swords?" Then one of them struck the high priest's servant, cutting off his right ear. But Jesus said, "No more of this!" So he touched the wounded man's ear and healed him. Then Jesus told the high priests, the Temple police, and the elders, who had come for him, "Have you come out with swords and clubs as if I were a bandit? While I was with you day after day in the Temple, you didn't lay a hand on me. But this is your hour, when darkness reigns!"
They began to accuse him, "We found this man corrupting our nation, forbidding us to pay taxes to Caesar, and saying that he is the Messiah, a king."
I am sending to you what my Father promised, so stay here in the city until you have been clothed with power from on high."
The Word became flesh and lived among us. We gazed on his glory, the kind of glory that belongs to the Father's unique Son, who is full of grace and truth.
The Word became flesh and lived among us. We gazed on his glory, the kind of glory that belongs to the Father's unique Son, who is full of grace and truth.
The Word became flesh and lived among us. We gazed on his glory, the kind of glory that belongs to the Father's unique Son, who is full of grace and truth.
We have all received one gracious gift after another from his abundance,
The next day, John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, "Look, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!
John also testified, "I saw the Spirit coming down from heaven like a dove, and it remained on him.
John also testified, "I saw the Spirit coming down from heaven like a dove, and it remained on him.
The next day, John was standing there again with two of his disciples.
When the two disciples heard him say this, they followed Jesus. But when Jesus turned around and saw them following, he asked them, "What are you looking for?" They asked him, "Rabbi," (which is translated "Teacher"), "where are you staying?" read more. He told them, "Come and see!" So they went and saw where he was staying, and they remained with him that day. It was about four o'clock in the afternoon. Andrew, Simon Peter's brother, was one of the two who heard John and followed Jesus.
Then he told him, "Truly, I tell all of you emphatically, you will see heaven standing open and the angels of God going up and coming down to the Son of Man."
On the third day of that week there was a wedding in Cana of Galilee. Jesus' mother was there,
Now there was a man from the Pharisees, a leader of the Jews, whose name was Nicodemus.
The wind blows where it wants to. You hear its sound, but you don't know where it comes from or where it is going. That's the way it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit."
The one who comes from above is superior to everything. The one who is of the earth belongs to the earth and speaks about earthly things. The one who comes from heaven is superior to everything. He testifies about what he has seen and heard, yet no one accepts his testimony. read more. The person who has accepted his testimony has acknowledged that God is truthful. The one whom God sent speaks the words of God, because God does not give the Spirit in limited measure to him. The Father loves the Son and has put everything in his hands. The one who believes in the Son has eternal life, but the one who disobeys the Son will not see life. Instead, the wrath of God remains on him.
Now when Jesus realized that the Pharisees had heard he was making and baptizing more disciples than John although it was not Jesus who did the baptizing but his disciples read more. he left Judea and went back to Galilee.
You say, don't you, "In four more months the harvest will begin?' Look, I tell you, open your eyes and observe that the fields are ready for harvesting now!
I have sent you to harvest what you have not worked for. Others have worked, and you have adopted their work as your own."
So when the Samaritans came to Jesus, they asked him to stay with them, and he stayed there for two days.
Two days later, Jesus left for Galilee from there, since Jesus himself had testified that a prophet has no honor in his own country.
Near the Sheep Gate in Jerusalem is a pool called Bethesda in Hebrew. It has five colonnades,
"If I testify on my own behalf, my testimony is not trustworthy. There is another who testifies about me, and I know that the testimony he gives about me is true.
I have come in my Father's name, and you do not accept me. Yet if another man comes in his own name, you will accept him.
After this, Jesus went away to the other side of the Sea of Galilee (that is, to Tiberias). A large crowd kept following him because they had seen the signs that he was performing by healing the sick. read more. But Jesus went up on a hillside and sat down there with his disciples. Now the Passover, the festival of the Jews, was near.
Now the Passover, the festival of the Jews, was near. When Jesus looked up and saw that a large crowd was coming toward him, he asked Philip, "Where can we buy bread for these people to eat?"
When Jesus looked up and saw that a large crowd was coming toward him, he asked Philip, "Where can we buy bread for these people to eat?" Jesus said this to test him, because he himself knew what he was going to do. read more. Philip answered him, "Two hundred denarii worth of bread isn't enough for each of them to have a little." One of his disciples, Andrew, who was Simon Peter's brother, told him, "There's a little boy here who has five barley loaves and two small fish. But what are these among so many people?" Jesus said, "Have the people sit down." Now there was plenty of grass in that area, so they sat down, numbering about 5,000 men. Then Jesus took the loaves, gave thanks, and distributed them to those who were seated. He also distributed as much fish as they wanted. When they were completely satisfied, Jesus told his disciples, "Collect the pieces that are left over so that nothing is wasted." So they collected and filled twelve baskets full of pieces of the five barley loaves left over by those who had eaten. When the people saw the sign that he had done, they kept saying, "Truly this is the Prophet who was to come into the world!" Then Jesus, realizing that they were about to come and take him by force to make him king, withdrew again to the hillside by himself. When evening came, his disciples went down to the sea, got into a boat, and started across the sea to Capernaum. Darkness had already fallen, and Jesus had not yet come to them. A strong wind was blowing, and the sea was getting rough. After they had rowed about 25 or 30 stadia, they saw Jesus walking on the sea toward their boat. They became terrified. But he told them, "It is I. Stop being afraid!" So they were glad to take him on board, and immediately the boat reached the land toward which they were going. The next day, the crowd that had remained on the other side of the sea noticed that only one boat had been there, and no other, and that Jesus had not gotten into that boat with his disciples. Instead, his disciples had gone away by themselves.
After this, Jesus traveled throughout Galilee, because he didn't want to travel in Judea, since the Jewish leaders there were trying to kill him. Now the Jewish Festival of Tents was approaching.
After saying this, he remained in Galilee. But after his brothers had gone up to the festival, he went up himself, not openly but, as it were, in secret.
while others were saying, "This is the Messiah!"
He answered, "And who is he, sir? Tell me, so that I may believe in him."
"Truly, I tell all of you emphatically, the person who doesn't enter the sheepfold through the gate, but climbs in by some other way, is a thief and a bandit. The one who enters through the gate is the shepherd of the sheep. read more. It's to him the gatekeeper opens the gate, and it's his voice the sheep hear. He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. When he has driven out all his own, he goes ahead of them, and the sheep follow him because they recognize his voice. They'll never follow a stranger, but will run away from him because they don't recognize the voice of strangers." Jesus used this illustration with them, but they didn't understand what he was saying to them.
"I'm the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.
This is why the Father loves me, because I lay down my life in order to take it back again.
Now Hanukkah was taking place in Jerusalem. It was winter,
So the Jewish leaders surrounded him and quizzed him, "How long are you going to keep us in suspense? If you're the Messiah, tell us so plainly."
Then he went away again across the Jordan to the place where John had been baptizing at first, and he remained there.
Now a certain man was ill, Lazarus from Bethany, the village of Mary and her sister Martha.
Six days before the Passover, Jesus arrived in Bethany, where Lazarus lived, the man whom Jesus had raised from the dead.
because you will always have the destitute with you, but you won't always have me."
"He has blinded their eyes and hardened their heart, so that they might not perceive with their eyes, and understand with their mind and turn, and I would heal them."
Now before the Passover Festival, Jesus realized that his hour had come to leave this world and return to the Father. Having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. By supper time, the Devil had already put it into the heart of Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, to betray him.
By supper time, the Devil had already put it into the heart of Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, to betray him. Because Jesus knew that the Father had given everything into his control, that he had come from God, and that he was returning to God, read more. therefore he got up from the table, removed his outer robe, and took a towel and fastened it around his waist. Then he poured some water into a basin and began to wash the disciples' feet and to dry them with the towel that was tied around his waist. Then he came to Simon Peter, who asked him, "Lord, are you going to wash my feet?" Jesus answered him, "You don't realize now what I'm doing, but later on you'll understand." Peter told him, "You must never wash my feet!" Jesus answered him, "Unless I wash you, you cannot be involved with me." Simon Peter told him, "Lord, not just my feet, but my hands and my head as well!" Jesus told him, "Whoever has bathed is entirely clean. He doesn't need to wash himself further, except for his feet. And you men are clean, though not all of you." For he knew who was going to betray him. That's why he said, "Not all of you are clean."
Little children, I'm with you only a little longer. You will look for me, but what I told the Jewish leaders I now tell you, "Where I'm going, you cannot come.'
I won't talk with you much longer, because the ruler of this world is coming. He has no power over me.
I won't talk with you much longer, because the ruler of this world is coming. He has no power over me.
"I am the true vine, and my Father is the vintner.
After Jesus had said all of this, he went with his disciples across the Kidron valley to a place where there was a garden, which he and his disciples entered.
Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it and struck the high priest's servant, cutting off his right ear. The servant's name was Malchus. Jesus told Peter, "Put your sword back into its sheath. Shouldn't I drink the cup that the Father has given me?"
Jesus told Peter, "Put your sword back into its sheath. Shouldn't I drink the cup that the Father has given me?" Then the soldiers, along with their commander and the Jewish officers, arrested Jesus and tied him up. read more. First they brought him to Annas, because he was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year. Caiaphas was the person who had advised the Jews that it was better to have one man die for the people. Simon Peter and another disciple were following Jesus. Since the other disciple was known to the high priest, he accompanied Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest. Peter, however, stood outside the gate. So this other disciple who was known to the high priest went out and spoke to the gatekeeper and brought Peter inside.
Meanwhile, standing near Jesus' cross were his mother, his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he kept loving standing there, he told his mother, "Dear lady, here is your son."
When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he kept loving standing there, he told his mother, "Dear lady, here is your son." Then he told the disciple, "Here is your mother." And from that hour the disciple took her into his own home.
Instead, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and blood and water immediately came out. The one who saw this has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows he is telling the truth so that you, too, may believe,
The one who saw this has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows he is telling the truth so that you, too, may believe,
In addition, another passage of Scripture says, "They will look on the one whom they pierced."
So Peter and the other disciple took off for the tomb. The two of them were running together, but the other disciple ran faster than Peter and came to the tomb first. read more. Bending over to look inside, he noticed the linen cloths lying there, but didn't go in. At this point Simon Peter arrived, following him, and went straight into the tomb. He observed that the linen cloths were lying there, and that the handkerchief that had been on Jesus' head was not lying with the linen cloths but was rolled up in a separate place. Then the other disciple, who arrived at the tomb first, went inside, looked, and believed. For they did not yet understand the Scripture that said that Jesus had to rise from the dead. So the disciples went back to their homes.
After saying this, he showed them his hands and his side, and when they saw the Lord, the disciples were overjoyed.
Thomas, one of the Twelve (called the Twin), wasn't with them when Jesus came. So the other disciples kept telling him, "We've seen the Lord!" But he told them, "Unless I see the nail marks in his hands, put my finger into them, and put my hand into his side, I'll never believe!" read more. A week later, his disciples were again inside, and Thomas was with them. Even though the doors were shut, Jesus came, stood among them, and said, "Peace be with you." Then he told Thomas, "Put your finger here, and look at my hands. Take your hand, and put it into my side. Stop doubting, but believe."
Then he told Thomas, "Put your finger here, and look at my hands. Take your hand, and put it into my side. Stop doubting, but believe." Thomas answered him, "My Lord and my God!" read more. Jesus told him, "Is it because you've seen me that you have believed? How blessed are those who have never seen me and yet have believed!" Jesus performed many other signs in the presence of his disciples that are not recorded in this book. But these have been recorded so that you may believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and so that through believing you may have life in his name.
But these have been recorded so that you may believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and so that through believing you may have life in his name.
Jesus told him, "Feed my sheep. "Truly, I tell you emphatically, when you were young, you would fasten your belt and go wherever you liked. But when you get old, you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will fasten your belt and take you where you don't want to go."
This is the disciple who is testifying to these things and has written them down. We know that his testimony is true.
This is the disciple who is testifying to these things and has written them down. We know that his testimony is true. Of course, Jesus also did many other things, and I suppose that if every one of them were written down, the world couldn't contain the books that would be written.
Meanwhile, a Jew named Apollos arrived in Ephesus. He was a native of Alexandria, an eloquent man, and well versed in the Scriptures.
The Son is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. For by him all things in heaven and on earth were created, things visible and invisible, whether they are kings, lords, rulers, or powers. All things have been created through him and for him.
because I know that the removal of my bodily tent will come soon, as indeed our Lord Jesus, the Messiah, has shown me.