Reference: Redeemer
American
A name given to Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world, because he redeems mankind from the bondage and guilt of their sins, by dying in their place, and thus paying their ransom, Mt 20:28; Ga 3:13; Eph 1:7; 1Ti 2:6; Tit 2:14; 1Pe 1:18-19; Re 5:9. In the law of Moses, Le 25:25,48, this title is given to one who has the right of redemption in an inheritance, especially to a near kinsman, who may redeem it from a stranger or any Jew who had bought it. Such was Boaz, who, being one of the nearest relations of Elimelech, married Ruth the heiress of Elimelech, and thereby reentered into the possession of her estate. Jeremiah redeemed the field of his nephew Hanameel, which was on the point of being sold to another, Jer 32:7-8. So Christ became a partaker of flesh and blood, that as our near kinsman he might redeem for us the heavenly inheritance, Job 19:25-26.
The nearest kinsman was also called the redeemer of blood-in our English translation, the avenger, or revenger of blood; and had a right to revenge the blood of his murdered kinsman, Nu 35:12,19,21; De 19:6,12. To protect the innocent from these avengers, or redeemers, God appointed cities of refuge throughout Israel. See REFUGE.
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"'When thy brother is waxed poor and hath sold away of his possession: if any of his kin come to redeem it, he shall buy out that which his brother sold.
after that he is sold he may be redeemed again: one of his brethren may buy him out;
And the cities shall be to flee from the executer of blood, that he which killed die not, until he stand before the congregation in judgment.
The judge of blood shall slay the murderer, as soon as he findeth him.
or smite him with his hand of envy that he die; he that smote him shall die, for he is a murderer. The justice of blood shall slay him as soon as he findeth him.
Lest the executer of blood follow after the slayer while his heart is hot and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him, and yet there is no cause worthy of death in him, inasmuch as he hated not his neighbour in time past.
Then let the elders of his city send and fetch him thence and deliver him into the hands of the justice of blood, and he shall die.
"For I am sure that my redeemer liveth, and that I shall rise out of the earth in the latter day: that I shall be clothed again with this skin, and see God in my flesh.
'Behold, Hananel the son of Shallum thine Uncle's son shall come unto thee, and require thee to redeem the land, that lieth in Anathoth unto thyself: for by reason of kindred it is thy part to redeem it, and to buy it out.' And so, Hananel mine uncle's son came to me in the court of the prison, according to the word of the LORD - and said unto me, 'Buy my land, I pray thee, that lieth in Anathoth in the country of Benjamin: for by heritage thou hast right to loose it out for thyself; therefore redeem it.' Then I perceived, that this was the commandment of the LORD,
Even as the son of man came, not to be ministered unto, but to minister: and to give his life for the redemption of many."
But Christ hath delivered us from the curse of the law, and was made accursed for us - for it is written, "Cursed is everyone that hangeth on tree" -
By whom we have redemption through his blood, that is to say, even the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of his grace,
Young men likewise exhort that they be sober minded.
which gave himself for us, to redeem us from all unrighteousness, and to purge us a peculiar people unto himself, fervently given unto good works.
and they sung a new song saying, "Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof, for thou wast killed, and hast redeemed us by thy blood, out of all kindreds, and tongues, and people, and nations,
Easton
Heb goel; i.e., one charged with the duty of restoring the rights of another and avenging his wrongs (Le 25:48-49; Nu 5:8; Ru 4:1; Job 19:25; Ps 19:14; 78:35, etc.). This title is peculiarly applied to Christ. He redeems us from all evil by the payment of a ransom (q.v.). (See Redemption.)
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after that he is sold he may be redeemed again: one of his brethren may buy him out; whether it be his uncle or his uncle's son, or any that is nigh of kin unto him of his kindred: either if his hand can get so much he may be loosed.
But and if he that maketh the amends have no man to do it to, then the amends that is made shall be the LORD's and the priest's, beside the ram of the atonement offering wherewith he maketh an atonement for himself.
Then went Boaz unto the gate and sat him down there. And behold, the kinsman of which Boaz spake came by. Unto whom he said, "Come and sit down here, and called him by his name." And he turned in and sat down.
"For I am sure that my redeemer liveth, and that I shall rise out of the earth in the latter day:
Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD; my strength and my redeemer.
And they remembered that God was their strength, and that the high God was their redeemer.
Fausets
(See RANSOM.) Redeem, Hebrew padhah and gaal. The goel, nearest of kin, had three rights:
(1) To purchase back the forfeited inheritance for an Israelite who, through poverty, had sold his land; as Boaz ("might in him"; the name of one of the two temple pillars; a type of Christ) did for Ruth (Ru 4:3-5); or to hold land in possession for an impoverished kinsman until the year of Jubilee, when it should revert to the original owner (Le 25:10,13-16,24-28). Antitypically, man the heir of all things bartered his magnificent birthright for vanity; Christ, by assuming our manhood, became our go'el, and saved us from being disinherited forever (Heb 2:9-15); the full restoration of the inheritance is to be at "the times of restitution of all things" (Ac 3:21; Mt 19:28), the grand last Jubilee (Isa 61:2-4); ushered in, as the Israelite Jubilee, with the great trumpet (Re 11:15; 1Co 15:52; 1Th 4:16; Isa 27:13).
(2) The goel ransomed his kinsman from bondage to the foreigner (Le 25:47-49). So man sold himself to Satan's bondage; Jesus has (at the price of His precious blood, 1Pe 1:18-19) ransomed "the lawful captive delivered" (Isa 49:24).
(3) The goel avenged the death of his slain kinsman as a point of honor. So our Redeemer "through death has destroyed Satan (man's "murderer from the beginning", Joh 8:44) who had the power of death," and has delivered us from everlasting "bondage" to him (Heb 2:14-15; Ho 13:14). Our Boaz has not "left off His kindness to the living and to the dead" (Ru 2:20); translated Job 19:25-27 "I know that my Redeemer (vindicator, avenger; redressing my wrongs on Satan their inflicter) liveth, and that He shall arise the Last (1Co 15:45; Re 1:17) above the dust (with which is mingled man's crumbling body: 1Co 15:20,23; Ro 8:23; Eph 1:14), and though after my skin (is destroyed) this (body) is destroyed, yet from my flesh (mibesari; as from a window, Song 2:9) shall I see God, whom I shall see for myself (on my side), no longer estranged" (zar) from me.
The redemption of our now weak body will be our grand vindication from present wrongs such as Job's. As the body (not merely the soul) was the sufferer, the body's restoration in incorruption must be the vindication; this alone would disprove the imputation of guilt thrown on Job because of its sufferings. Job elsewhere hoped for the resurrection after his being "hidden in the grave" for a time (Job 14:13-15; Joh 5:21-26,28; Isa 26:19-21; Ps 17:15). The Egyptian myth of Osiris and his son Horus in the "Ritual of the Dead" strikingly confirms the primitive revelation of the promised Redeemer, of which it is the corruption. Horus as Ra was "creator"; as Teti, the "redeemer from the power" of Apophis the "serpent", and of Typhoon the "hippopotamus", representatives of the evil being; as Nets, Horus is "the deliverer of the justified".
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And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout the land unto all the inhabiters thereof. It shall be a year of horns blowing unto you and ye shall return: every man unto his possession and every man unto his kindred again.
And in this year of horns blowing ye shall return, every man unto his possession again. "'When thou sellest ought unto thy neighbour or buyest of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not oppress one another: read more. but according to the number of years after the trumpet year, thou shalt buy of thy neighbour, and according unto the number of fruit year, he shall sell unto thee. According unto the multitude of years, thou shalt increase the price thereof and according to the fewness of years, thou shalt minish the price: for the number of fruit he shall sell unto thee.
and ye shall, throughout all the land of your possession, let the land go home free again. "'When thy brother is waxed poor and hath sold away of his possession: if any of his kin come to redeem it, he shall buy out that which his brother sold. read more. And though he have no man to redeem it for him, yet if his hand can get sufficient to buy it out again, then let him count how long it hath been sold, and deliver the rest unto him to whom he sold it, and so he shall return unto his possession again. But and if his hand can not get sufficient to restore it to him again, then that which is sold shall remain in the hand of him that hath bought it, until the horn year: and in the horn year it shall come out, and he shall return unto his possession again.
"'When a stranger and a sojourner waxeth rich by thee, and thy brother that dwelleth by him waxeth poor and sell himself unto the stranger that dwelleth by thee or to any of the stranger's kin: after that he is sold he may be redeemed again: one of his brethren may buy him out; read more. whether it be his uncle or his uncle's son, or any that is nigh of kin unto him of his kindred: either if his hand can get so much he may be loosed.
Then said Naomi unto her daughter-in-law, "Blessed be he, for he ceaseth not to do the same goodness to the dead that he did to the living." And Naomi said unto her, "The man is nigh unto us, even of our next kin."
Then he said unto the kinsman, "Naomi, that is come again out of the country of Moab, will sell a parcel of land which was our brother Elimelech's. And I thought to do thee to know, and bid thee buy it before the inhabiters and elders of my people, if thou be disposed to challenge it: but and if thou wilt not purchase it, then tell me that I may know it. For there is none to challenge it save thou, and I next after thee." And the other answered, "I will purchase it." read more. Then said Boaz, "What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi, thou must take also Ruth the Moabite the wife of the dead, to stir up the name of the dead upon his inheritance."
O that thou wouldest keep me, and hide me in the hell, until thy wrath were stilled: and to appoint me a time, wherein thou mightest remember me. May a dead man live again? All the days of this my pilgrimage am I looking, till my changing shall come. read more. If thou wouldest but call me, I should obey thee: only despise not the work of thine own hands.
"For I am sure that my redeemer liveth, and that I shall rise out of the earth in the latter day: that I shall be clothed again with this skin, and see God in my flesh. read more. Yea, I myself shall behold him - not with other, but with these same eyes, though my reins are consumed within me.
They have children at their desire, and leave the rest of their substance for their babes. But as for me, I shall behold thy presence in righteousness: and when I awake up after thy likeness, I shall be satisfied with it.
My beloved is like a Roe or a young hart. Behold, he standeth behind our wall, he looketh in at the window, and peepeth through the grate.
But as for thy dead men and ours, that be departed, they are in life and resurrection. They lie in the earth, they wake, and have joy: for thy dew is a dew of life and light. But the place of the malicious Tyrants is fallen away. So go now my people into thy chamber, and shut the door to thee, and suffer now the twinkling of an eye, till the wrath be overpast. read more. For behold, the LORD will go out of his habitation, and visit the wickedness of them that dwell upon earth. The earth also shall disclose her own blood, and shall no more hide those that are slain in her.
Then shall the great trumpet be blown, so that those which have been destroyed in the Assyrian's land, and those that be scattered abroad in Egypt, shall come and worship the LORD at Jerusalem, upon the holy mount.
That I might declare the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of the vengeance of our God; that I might comfort all them that are in heaviness. That I might give unto them that mourn in Zion, beauty in the stead of ashes, joyful ointment for sighing, pleasant raiment for a heavy mind; That they might be called excellent in righteousness, a planting of the LORD for him to rejoice in. read more. They shall build the long rough wildernesses, and set up the old desert. They shall repair the waste places, and such as have been void throughout many generations.
had not I defended him from the grave, and delivered him from death. O death, I will be thy death: O hell, I will be thy sting.
Jesus said unto them, "Verily I say to you, When the son of man shall sit in the seat of his majesty, ye which follow me in the second generation shall sit also upon twelve seats, and judge the twelve tribes of Israel.
For likewise, as the father raiseth up the dead, and quickeneth them, even so the son quickeneth whom he will. Neither judgeth the father any man: but hath committed all judgment unto the son, read more. because that all men should honour the son, even as they honour the father. He that honoureth not the son, the same honoureth not the father which hath sent him. Verily, verily I say unto you, He that heareth my words, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life: and shall not come into damnation, but is escaped from death unto life. Verily, verily I say unto you, the time shall come, and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the son of God. And they that hear, shall live. For as the father hath life in himself, so likewise hath he given to the son to have life in himself.
Marvel not at this: that the hour shall come, in which all that are in the graves, shall hear his voice,
Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father, ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning; And abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, then speaketh he of his own. For he is a liar, and the father thereof.
that is, to wit, Jesus Christ: which must receive heaven until the time that all things which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began, be restored again.
Not they only, but even we also: which have the first fruits of the spirit mourn in ourselves and wait for the adoption and look for the deliverance of our bodies.
But now is Christ risen from the dead, and is become the first fruits of them that slept.
and every man in his own order: The first is Christ, then they that are Christ's at his coming.
As it is written, "The first man Adam was made a living soul," and the last Adam was made a quickening spirit:
which is the earnest of our inheritance, to redeem the possession purchased, and that unto the laud of his glory.
Nevertheless, we yet see not all things subdued unto him. But him that was made less than the angels, we see that it was Iesus: which is crowned with glory and honour for the suffering of death; that he, by the grace of God, should taste of death for all men. For it became him - for whom are all things, and by whom are all things - after that he had brought many sons unto glory, that he should make the Lord of their salvation perfect through suffering. read more. Forasmuch as he that sanctifieth, and they which are sanctified, are all of one. For which cause's sake he is not ashamed to call them brethren, saying, "I will declare thy name unto my brethren, and in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee." And again, "I will put my trust in him." And again, "Behold here am I and the children which God hath given me." Forasmuch, then, as the children were partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part with them, for to put down through death him that had lordship over death: that is to say, the devil.
Forasmuch, then, as the children were partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part with them, for to put down through death him that had lordship over death: that is to say, the devil. And that he might deliver them which, through fear of death, all their life time were in danger of bondage.
And that he might deliver them which, through fear of death, all their life time were in danger of bondage.
Forasmuch as ye know how that ye were not redeemed with corruptible gold and silver from your vain conversation, which ye received by the traditions of the fathers, but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb undefiled, and without spot,
And when I saw him, I fell at his feet, even as dead. And he laid his right hand upon me, saying unto me, "Fear not. I am the first and the last,
And the seventh angel blew, and there were made great voices in heaven, saying, "The kingdoms of this world are our Lord's and his Christ's, and he shall reign for evermore."
Watsons
REDEEMER. The Hebrew goel is thus rendered, and the title is applied to Christ, as he is the avenger of man upon his spiritual enemy, and delivers man from death and the power of the grave, which the human avenger could not do. The right of the institution of goel was only in a relative, one of the same blood; and hence our Saviour's assumption of our nature is alluded to and implied under this term. There was also the right of buying back the family inheritance when alienated; and this also applies to Christ, our Goel, who has purchased back the heavenly inheritance into the human family. Under these views Job joyfully exclaims, "I know that my Redeemer," my Goel, "liveth," &c. See GOEL, See MEDIATOR, and See JESUS CHRIST.