Reference: Crimes and Punishments
Hastings
The term 'crimes' is here used loosely in the sense of punishable offences, including not merely crimes (crimina) in the sense of breaches of the criminal law in the modern sense, and torts (delicta) or breaches of the civil law, but also those offences in the sphere of religion and worship to which definite penalties were attached. Within the limits of this article it is possible to present only a summary of the more important and typical punishable offences recognized in the various Hebrew law-codes. The latter, indicated by the usual symbols, are: (1) BC, the oldest code, known as the Book of the Covenant, Ex 20:22 to Ex 23:33, with which for convenience sake is joined the Decalogue of Ex 20:2-17; (2) Deuteronomist, the Deuteronomic Code, De 12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28; (3) Law of Holiness, the Holiness Code, 2000'>Le 17; 2000'>18; 2000'>19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26; and (4) Priestly Narrative, the great collection of laws known as the Priests' Code, and comprising the rest of the legislative material of the Pentateuch. In the case of Priestly Narrative alone will it be necessary to name the books (Ex., Lv., or Nu.) to which reference is made.
The penal offences of the Pentateuch may be conveniently grouped under the three heads of crimes against Jahweh, against society (including property), and against the individual.
1. A. Crimes against Jahweh, or offences in the sphere of religion and worship.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Whoever sheds man's blood in man, his blood shall be shed; for in the image of God is man made.
And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar, thy daughter-in-law, has played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth and let her be burnt.
I am the LORD thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt out of the house of slavery. Thou shalt have no other gods before me. read more. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above or that is in the earth beneath nor that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down to them nor serve them; for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the sons unto the third and fourth generation of those that hate me and showing mercy unto thousands of generations of those that love me and keep my commandments. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain for the LORD will not hold guiltless anyone that takes his name in vain. Thou shalt remember the sabbath day, to sanctify it. Six days shalt thou labour and do all thy work; but the seventh day shall be the sabbath of the LORD thy God; in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manslave, nor thy maidslave, nor thy beast, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; for in six days the LORD made the heavens and earth, the sea, and all that is in them and rested the seventh day; therefore, the LORD blessed the sabbath day and sanctified it. Honour thy father and thy mother that thy days may be lengthened upon the land which the LORD thy God gives thee. Thou shalt not murder. Thou shalt not commit adultery. Thou shalt not steal. Thou shalt not give false testimony against thy neighbour. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manslave, nor his maidslave, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.
And the LORD said unto Moses, Thus thou shalt say unto the sons of Israel, Ye have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.
They shall not dwell in thy land lest peradventure they make thee sin against me by serving their gods, for it will be a snare unto thee.
It shall not be poured upon man's flesh; neither shall ye make any other like it, after the composition of it; it is holy, and it shall be holy unto you.
Six days shall work be done; but the seventh, the sabbath of rest, shall be holy to the LORD; whoever does any work in the sabbath day shall surely be put to death.
Whatever person it is that eats any manner of blood, that person shall be cut off from his people.
But the man that is clean and is not on a journey and forbears to keep the passover, that same soul shall be cut off from among his people; because he did not bring the offering of the LORD in his appointed season; that man shall bear his sin.
And while the sons of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man that gathered firewood upon the sabbath day.
And Balaam said unto Balak, Build me here seven altars and prepare me here seven bullocks and seven rams.
And lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun and the moon and the stars, even all the host of heaven, and should be driven to worship them and serve them because the LORD thy God has conceded them unto all the peoples under all the heavens.
If thou shalt hear in one of thy cities, which the LORD thy God has given thee to dwell there, that it is said,
thou shalt surely smite the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword, destroying it utterly with all that is therein and the beasts thereof, with the edge of the sword. And thou shalt gather all the spoil of it into the midst of its plaza and shalt burn the city with fire and all the spoil thereof, all of it, unto the LORD thy God; and it shall be a heap for ever; it shall never be built again. read more. And none of the anathema shall cleave to thine hand that the LORD may turn from the fierceness of his anger and show thee mercy and have compassion upon thee and multiply thee, as he has sworn unto thy fathers,
and has gone and served other gods and worshipped them or the sun or the moon or any of the host of heaven, which I have not commanded,
then shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman who has committed that wicked thing unto thy gates, even that man or that woman, and shalt stone them with stones until they die.
The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death and afterward the hands of all the people. So thou shalt put the evil away from among you.
And when a Levite comes from any of thy gates out of all Israel, where he sojourned, and comes with all the desire of his soul unto the place which the LORD shall choose, then he shall minister unto the name of the LORD his God, as all his brethren the Levites do who stand there before the LORD. read more. They shall have like portions to eat besides that which comes of the sale of his patrimony. When thou shall have come into the land which the LORD thy God gives thee, thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those Gentiles. There shall not be found among you any one that makes his son or his daughter to pass through the fire or that uses divination or an observer of times or an enchanter or a witch or a charmer or a spiritist or a diviner or a necromancer. For anyone that does these things is an abomination unto the LORD, and because of these abominations the LORD thy God drove them out from before thee. Thou shalt be perfect with the LORD thy God. For these Gentiles, whom thou shalt inherit, hearkened unto observers of times and unto diviners, but as for thee, the LORD thy God has not allowed thee to do so. The LORD thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken, according to all that thou didst desire of the LORD thy God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, lest I die. And the LORD said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken. I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.
When a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD, if the thing does not follow nor come to pass, it is a word which the LORD has not spoken, but the prophet has spoken it presumptuously; thou shalt not be afraid of him.
But when any man hates his neighbour and lies in wait for him and rises up against him and smites him mortally that he dies and flees into one of these cities,
One witness shall not be valid against a man for any iniquity or for any sin, in any sin which he should commit. At the mouth of two witnesses or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.
When thou comest near to a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it. And it shall be, if it makes thee an answer of peace and opens unto thee, that all the people that are found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee.
and if the LORD thy God should deliver it into thine hands, then thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword. Only the women and the little ones and the animals and all that is in the city, all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat of the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God has given thee. read more. Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these Gentiles.
Only the trees which thou knowest that they are not trees for food, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that makes war with thee, until it is subdued.
So shalt thou put away the guilt of innocent blood from among you, when thou shalt do that which is right in the sight of the LORD.
And when a man shall have committed a sin worthy of death, and he is to be put to death, and thou shall have hung him on a tree,
And the damsel's father shall say unto the elders, I gave my daughter unto this man to wife, and he hates her;
Then the elders of that city shall take that man and chastise him; and they shall fine him one hundred shekels of silver and give them unto the father of the damsel because he has brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days.
and they shall fine him one hundred shekels of silver and give them unto the father of the damsel because he has brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days.
and they shall fine him one hundred shekels of silver and give them unto the father of the damsel because he has brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days. But if this thing is true and the tokens of virginity are not found for the damsel,
But if this thing is true and the tokens of virginity are not found for the damsel, then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones, and she shall die because she has wrought folly in Israel, to fornicate in her father's house; so shalt thou put evil away from among you.
then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones, and she shall die because she has wrought folly in Israel, to fornicate in her father's house; so shalt thou put evil away from among you. If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, then they shall both of them die, both the man that lay with the woman and the woman; so shalt thou put away evil from Israel.
But if the man found a betrothed damsel in the field and the man forced her and lay with her; then only the man that lay with her shall die;
then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty shekels of silver and she shall be his wife; because he has humbled her, he may not put her away all his days.
then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty shekels of silver and she shall be his wife; because he has humbled her, he may not put her away all his days.
There shall be no female cult prostitutes of the daughters of Israel nor any male cult prostitutes of the sons of Israel.
Without fail thou shalt deliver him the pledge again when the sun goes down that he may sleep in his own clothing and bless thee, and it shall be righteousness unto thee before the LORD thy God.
Thou shalt not twist the rights of the stranger nor of the fatherless nor take a widow's clothing for a pledge,
If there is a controversy between persons and they come unto judgment and they are judged, then they shall justify the righteous and condemn the wicked.
When men strive together one with another and the wife of the one draws near to deliver her husband out of the hand of him that smites him and puts forth her hand and takes him by his secret parts;
But thou shalt have a perfect and just weight, a perfect and just measure shalt thou have, that thy days may be lengthened in the land which the LORD thy God gives thee.
Cursed is the man that makes any graven or molten image, an abomination unto the LORD, the work of the hands of the craftsman, and puts it in a secret place. And all the people shall answer and say, Amen.
And when Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his ass and arose, and went home to his house, to his city, and put his household in order and hanged himself and died and was buried in the sepulchre of his father.
And whoever will not do the law of thy God and the law of the king, let them be judged speedily, whether it be unto death or to banishment or to confiscation of goods or to imprisonment.
And whoever will not do the law of thy God and the law of the king, let them be judged speedily, whether it be unto death or to banishment or to confiscation of goods or to imprisonment.
Then Pashur smote Jeremiah the prophet and put him in the stocks that were at the gate of Benjamin on the high place, which is in the house of the LORD.
And he sent and beheaded John in the prison.
And casting down the pieces of silver in the temple, he departed and went and hanged himself.
So when they continued asking him, he lifted himself up and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him be the first to cast a stone at her.
And he killed James the brother of John with the sword.
who, having received such a charge, thrust them into the inner prison and made their feet fast in the stocks.
Of the Jews five times I received forty stripes less one.
And I saw thrones, and those who sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them; and I saw the souls of those that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus and for the word of God and who had not worshipped the beast neither its image neither had received its mark upon their foreheads or in their hands; and they shall live and reign with Christ the thousand years.