Reference: Church Government
Hastings
1. The general development seems fairly clear, though its later stages fall beyond NT times. The Apostles were founders of churches, and therefore regulated and supervised the first arrangements; then were added sundry local and unlocal rulers; then the unlocal died out, and the local settled down into the three permanent classes of bishops, elders, and deacons. The chief disputed questions concern the origin of the local ministry, its relation to the other, and the time and manner in which it settled down under the government of (monarchical) bishops.
2. Twice over St. Paul gives something like a list of the chief persons of the Church. In 1Co 12:28 he counts up
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Having begun from the immersion of John, unto the day which he was taken up from us, be one of these a witness with you of his rising up.
And Peter, having stood with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said to them, Men Jews, and all ye dwelling in Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and hear ye my words:
And the younger having risen up, drew him together, and having carried out, interred.
And the twelve having called the multitude of the disciples, said, It is not pleasing for us, having left the word of God, to serve tables.
Which also they did, having sent to the elders by the hands of Barnabas and Saul.
And having shaken with the hand at them to be silent, he related to them how the Lord brought him out of prison. And he said, Announce these things to James, and the brethren. And having come out, he went to another place.
And Elymas the magician withstood them, (for so was his name interpreted,) seeking to turn the proconsul from the faith.
And Barnabas and Paul, the sent, having heard, having rent their garments, rushed in among the crowd, crying out,
And having chosen them elders in the church, having prayed with fasting, they set them before the Lord, in whom they had believed.
And God the knower of hearts testified to them, having given them the Holy Spirit, as also us;
Then it seemed fitting to the sent and the elders, with the whole church, to send chosen men of them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas; Judas surnamed Barsabas, and Silas, leading men among the brethren:
And having sent from Miletus to Ephesus, he called for the elders of the church.
Attend therefore to yourselves, and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit set you inspectors, to feed the church of God, which he acquired by his own blood.
And the morrow, they about Paul having come out, came to Cesarea: and having come to Philip's house, bearer of good news, being of the seven, we remained with him. And to him were four daughters, virgins, prophesying.
And the following day Paul went in with us to James; and all the elders were present.
Whether he beseeching, in supplication: he imparting, in simplicity; he placed before, in earnestness; he compassionating, in cheerfulness.
And I place with you Phebe our sister, being servant of the church in Cenchrea:
Embrace Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellowprisoners, who are distinguished among the sent, who also have been in Christ before me.
For confusion I speak to you. So is there not one wise with you, who will be able to judge between his brother?
Wherefore, my beloved, do ye flee from idolatry.
And every woman praying or prophesying with head uncovered shames her head: for it is one and the same to her having been shaved.
Does not nature itself teach you, that, if a man truly have long hair, it is a dishonour to him?
And whom truly God set in the church, first the sent, second the prophets, third teachers, then powers, then graces of healings, helps, directions, kinds of tongues.
And whom truly God set in the church, first the sent, second the prophets, third teachers, then powers, then graces of healings, helps, directions, kinds of tongues.
And that he was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve:
Paul, sent, (not from men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, having raised him from the dead;)
And other of the sect I saw not, except James the Lord's brother.
(For be having been energetic in Peter for the mission of circumcision, was energetic also in me for the nations:)
Built upon the foundation of the sent, and of the prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the corner stone;
Which in other generations was not made known to the sons of men, as now has been revealed to his holy sent and to the prophets by the Spirit:
And truly he gave the sent; and the prophets; and the bearers of good tidings; and the shepherds, and the teachers;
And truly he gave the sent; and the prophets; and the bearers of good tidings; and the shepherds, and the teachers;
Paul and Timotheus, servants of Jesus Christ, to all the holy in Christ Jesus at Philippi, with the overseers and servants:
And we ask you, brethren, to know those being fatigued among you, and set over you in the Lord, and reminding you;
Set not prophecies at nought.
Wives also grave, not accusers, sober, faithful in all things.
An elder shouldest thou not reprove, but beseech as a father; the younger as brethren;
Let the elders having presided well be deemed worthy of double honour, chiefly they being wearied in word and doctrine.
Let the elders having presided well be deemed worthy of double honour, chiefly they being wearied in word and doctrine.
For this I left thee in Crete, that thou shouldest rectify things left behind, and set elders in the city, as I directed thee:
For a bishop must be irreproachable, as steward of God; not self-sufficient, not prone to anger, not intemperate, not a striker, not occupied in sordid gain.
Remember them guiding you, who spake to you the word of God: of whom, observing narrowly the issue of the mode of life, imitate the faith:
Believe them guiding you, and yield: (for they watch vigilantly for your souls, as going to return the word.) that with joy they might do this, and not lamenting: for this unprofitable for you.
And before all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, nor by earth, nor any other oath: and let your yea be yea; and nay, nay; that ye fall not under. judgment.
Is any sick among you let him call for the elders of the church; and let them pray over him, having anointed him with oil in the name of the Lord:
The elders among you I beseech, a fellow elder, and witness of the sufferings of Christ, and a participator of the glory which is about to be revealed:
But I have a few things against thee, for thou sufferest the woman Jezebel, calling herself a prophetess, to teach and to lead my servants astray to commit fornication, and to eat things offered to idols.
And the wall of the city having twelve foundations, and in them the names of the twelve sent of the Lamb.