Reference: Corinthians, First Epistle to The
Easton
was written from Ephesus (1Co 16:8) about the time of the Passover in the third year of the apostle's sojourn there (Ac 19:10; 20:31), and when he had formed the purpose to visit Macedonia, and then return to Corinth (probably A.D. 57).
The news which had reached him, however, from Corinth frustrated his plan. He had heard of the abuses and contentions that had arisen among them, first from Apollos (Ac 19:1), and then from a letter they had written him on the subject, and also from some of the "household of Chloe," and from Stephanas and his two friends who had visited him (1Co 1:11; 16:17). Paul thereupon wrote this letter, for the purpose of checking the factious spirit and correcting the erroneous opinions that had sprung up among them, and remedying the many abuses and disorderly practices that prevailed. Titus and a brother whose name is not given were probably the bearers of the letter (2Co 2:13; 8:6,16-18).
The epistle may be divided into four parts:
(1.) The apostle deals with the subject of the lamentable divisions and party strifes that had arisen among them (1-4).
(2.) He next treats of certain cases of immorality that had become notorious among them. They had apparently set at nought the very first principles of morality (5; 6).
(3.) In the third part he discusses various questions of doctrine and of Christian ethics in reply to certain communications they had made to him. He especially rectifies certain flagrant abuses regarding the celebration of the Lord's supper (7-14).
(4.) The concluding part (15; 16) contains an elaborate defense of the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead, which had been called in question by some among them, followed by some general instructions, intimations, and greetings.
This epistle "shows the powerful self-control of the apostle in spite of his physical weakness, his distressed circumstances, his incessant troubles, and his emotional nature. It was written, he tells us, in bitter anguish, 'out of much affliction and pressure of heart...and with streaming eyes' (2Co 2:4); yet he restrained the expression of his feelings, and wrote with a dignity and holy calm which he thought most calculated to win back his erring children. It gives a vivid picture of the early church...It entirely dissipates the dream that the apostolic church was in an exceptional condition of holiness of life or purity of doctrine." The apostle in this epistle unfolds and applies great principles fitted to guide the church of all ages in dealing with the same and kindred evils in whatever form they may appear.
This is one of the epistles the authenticity of which has never been called in question by critics of any school, so many and so conclusive are the evidences of its Pauline origin.
The subscription to this epistle states erroneously in the Authorized Version that it was written at Philippi. This error arose from a mistranslation of 1Co 16:5, "For I do pass through Macedonia," which was interpreted as meaning, "I am passing through Macedonia." In 1Co 16:8 he declares his intention of remaining some time longer in Ephesus. After that, his purpose is to "pass through Macedonia."
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And it came to pass, while Apollos was at Corinth, that Paul, having passed through the upper districts, came to Ephesus. And finding certain disciples,
And this continued for two years, so that all who dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks.
Therefore be watchful, and remember that for the space of three years, night and day, I ceased not to warn every one with tears.
For I have been informed concerning you, my brethren, by those of the family of Chloe, that there are dissensions among you.
Now I will come to you, when I have passed through Macedonia; for I am about to pass through Macedonia;
But I shall remain at Ephesus until the Pentecost;
But I shall remain at Ephesus until the Pentecost;
I am glad of the coming of Stephanas and Fortunatus and Achaicus; for what was lacking on your part, they supplied;
For out of much distress and anguish of heart I wrote to you with many tears, not that ye should be made sorrowful, but that ye might know the exceeding love which I have for you.
I had no rest in my spirit, because I found not Titus my brother; but taking my leave of them, I went forth into Macedonia.
so that we urged Titus, that, as he had already made a beginning, so he would also finish among you this bounty also.
But thanks be to God, who put the same earnest care for you into the heart of Titus; for he accepted indeed the exhortation; but being very earnest, he went of his own accord to you. read more. And we have sent with him the brother, whose praise in the gospel is throughout all the churches;
Hastings
CORINTHIANS, FIRST EPISTLE TO THE
1. Occasion of the Epistle.
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And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened to a foolish man, who built his house upon the sand;
For he taught them as having authority, and not as their scribes.
Truly do I say to you, Among those born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist. But he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.
But he said to them, All cannot receive this saying, but they only to whom it is given.
And having appointed for them elders in every church, they prayed with fasting, and commended them to the Lord, in whom they believed.
to abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication; from which if ye keep yourselves, ye will do well. Farewell."
And a certain woman named Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, who worshipped God, was listening; whose heart the Lord opened to attend to the things which were spoken by Paul.
And when both Silas and Timothy had come from Macedonia, Paul was wholly engaged in the word, testifying to the Jews, that Jesus was the Christ.
And Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord with all his house; and many of the Corinthians upon hearing believed, and were baptized.
But they all laid hold of Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgmentseat; and Gallio cared for none of these things.
And a certain Jew, named Apollos, a native of Alexandria, an eloquent man, and mighty in the Scriptures, came to Ephesus.
And when he had stayed three months, a plot having been laid for him by the Jews as he was about to sail for Syria, he resolved to return through Macedonia.
And when he had stayed three months, a plot having been laid for him by the Jews as he was about to sail for Syria, he resolved to return through Macedonia.
But we set sail from Philippi, after the days of unleavened bread, and came to them at Troas in five days, where we abode seven days.
And from Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called the elders of the church.
And this man had four daughters, virgins, who prophesied.
What shall we say then? Let us continue in sin, that grace may abound still more?
For through the grace given to me I warn every one among you, not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think, but to think soberly, according to the measure of faith which God hath imparted to each.
Timothy, my fellowlaborer, salutes you, and Lucius and Jason and Sosipater my kinsmen.
For I have been informed concerning you, my brethren, by those of the family of Chloe, that there are dissensions among you. What I mean is this, that each of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ.
What I mean is this, that each of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were ye baptized the name of Paul?
For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the gospel; not with wisdom of speech, lest the cross of Christ should be made of no effect.
Where is the wise man? Where the scribe? Where the disputer of this world? Hath not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?
Where is the wise man? Where the scribe? Where the disputer of this world? Hath not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?
but we preach Christ crucified, to Jews a stumblingblock, and to gentiles foolishness,
but we preach Christ crucified, to Jews a stumblingblock, and to gentiles foolishness,
For consider, brethren, who ye are that have been called; not many wise men after the fashion of the world, not many mighty, not many noble;
And I, brethren, when I came to you, came not with excellency of speech, or of wisdom, declaring to you the testimony of God.
But we do speak wisdom among the perfect; not, however, the wisdom of this world, nor of the rulers of this world, who are coming to nought;
which things we also speak, not in words taught by mans wisdom, but in those taught by the Spirit, connecting what is spiritual l with what is spiritual.
and ye are Christs, and Christ is Gods.
And these things, brethren, I have transferred in a figure to myself and Apollos for your sakes, that in us ye may learn not to go beyond what is written, that no one of you may pride himself in one against another.
being slandered, we exhort; we have become as the filth of the world, the offscouring of all things until now.
to deliver such a man over to Satan for the destruction of his flesh, that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.
I wrote to you in that letter, not to keep company with fornicators; certainly not meaning the fornicators of this world, or the covetous and extortioners, or idolaters; for to do this ye must go out of the world.
For what have I to do with judging those who are without? Do not ye judge those who are within?
Doth any one of you, who hath a matter against another, dare to go to law before the unrighteous, and not before the holy? Or do ye not know, that the holy will judge the world? And if the world is to be judged by you, are ye unworthy to judge in causes of the least importance?
Or do ye not know, that the holy will judge the world? And if the world is to be judged by you, are ye unworthy to judge in causes of the least importance? Know ye not, that we shall pass judgment upon angels? How much more, concerning affairs of this life? read more. If then ye have any causes relating to this life, set them to judge who are of no repute in the church. I speak to your shame. Is it so, that there is not a wise man among you, not one that will be able to judge between his brethren? Nay, brother goeth to law with brother, and that before unbelievers. Now therefore it is altogether an evil among you, that ye have suits against each other. Why do ye not rather submit to wrong? Why do ye not rather allow yourselves to be defrauded? But ye yourselves wrong, and defraud, and that too your brethren.
And such were some of you; but ye were washed, but ye were made holy, but ye were accepted as righteous in the name of the Lord Jesus, and in the Spirit of our God. All things are lawful for me, but all things are not profitable; all things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of anything.
All things are lawful for me, but all things are not profitable; all things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of anything. Meats are for the stomach, and the stomach for meats; but God will make an end of both it and them. But the body is not for fornication, but for the Lord, and the Lord for the body; read more. and God both raised up the Lord, and will also raise up us by his power. Know ye not, that your bodies are members of Christ? Shall I then take the members of Christ, and make them members of a harlot? God forbid!
Know ye not, that your bodies are members of Christ? Shall I then take the members of Christ, and make them members of a harlot? God forbid! Know ye not, that he who is connected with a harlot is one body with her? "For the two," saith he, "shall become one flesh;" read more. but he that is connected with the Lord is one spirit with him. Flee fornication. Every other sin which a man may commit, is apart from the body; but he that committeth fornication, sinneth against his own body. Know ye not, that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit which is in you, which ye have from God, and that ye are not your own? For ye were bought with a price. Therefore glorify God in your body.
Now as to the matters about which ye wrote, it is good for a man not to touch a woman;
But to those who are married it is my command, yet not mine, but the Lords: Let not the wife separate herself from her husband,
Now concerning virgins, I have no commandment of the Lord; but I give my judgment, as one that hath obtained mercy of the Lord to be faithful.
But she is happier if she remain as she is, in my opinion; and I too think that I have the Spirit of God.
Now concerning the things offered in sacrifice to idols, we know that we all have knowledge. Knowledge puffeth up, but love edifieth;
For if any one see thee, who hast knowledge, at table in an idols temple, will not the conscience of him that is weak be emboldened to eat the things offered to idols? For through thy knowledge he that is weak perisheth,the brother for whom Christ died! read more. But when ye so sin against the brethren, and wound their weak conscience, ye sin against Christ. Wherefore, if food cause my brother to fall, I will eat no flesh for ever, lest I cause my brother to fall. Am I not free?
Am I not an apostle? Have I not seen Jesus our Lord? Are not ye my work in the Lord?
Have we not a right to carry about with us a sister as a wife, as well as the other apostles, and the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas?
Who ever serveth as a soldier at his own charges? Who planteth a vineyard without eating its fruit? Or who tendeth a flock and doth not eat of the milk of the flock?
If others possess this right in relation to you, do not we still more? But we have not used this right; but we submit to all things, that we may occasion no hindrance to the gospel of Christ.
In like manner also did the Lord ordain that they who preach the gospel should live from the gospel.
What then is my reward? It is that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel free of charge, that I use not to the full my right as a preacher of the gospel.
Know ye not, that of those who run in the racecourse all run, but one receiveth the prize? Thus run, that ye may obtain.
For I would not have you ignorant, brethren, that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea,
and all drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank of the spiritual rock that accompanied them; and the rock was Christ;
No temptation hath come upon you, but such as is common to man; but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted beyond what ye are able to endure, but will with the temptation furnish also the way to escape, that ye may be able to endure it. Wherefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.
Follow my example, as I do that of Christ.
Follow my example, as I do that of Christ. Now I praise you, brethren, that in all things ye remember me, and hold fast the instructions, as I delivered them to you.
But every woman that prayeth or prophesieth with her head uncovered dishonoreth her head; for it is one and the same thing as if her head were shaved.
For this cause the woman ought to have a sign of authority on her head, because of the angels.
When ye come together then in the same place, there is no eating of the Lords supper.
For I received of the Lord, what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus, the same night in which he was betrayed, took a loaf,
Ye know, that when ye were gentiles, ye were carried away to dumb idols, as ye happened to be led;
God appointed some in the church to be, in the first place, apostles, in the second place, prophets, in the third place, teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, those of helping and of governing, divers kinds of tongues. Are all apostles?
let your women keep silence in the churches; for it is not permitted them to speak, but they are to be in subjection, as also saith the Law. And if they desire to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home; for it is a shame for a woman to speak in the church.
but let all things be done becomingly, and in order.
and that he was buried, and that he hath risen on the third day, according to the Scriptures;
But if Christ be preached that he hath risen from the dead, how is it that some among you say, that there is no resurrection of the dead?
Now concerning the collection for the saints, according to the directions which I gave to the churches of Galatia, so also do ye.
and perhaps I may remain, or even spend the winter with you, that ye may set me forward on my journey whithersoever I may be going.
And in this confidence it was my purpose to come to you before, that ye might receive a second benefit;
But I call upon God as a witness against my soul, that it was to spare you that I came no more to Corinth;
But their understandings were blinded; for until this day, when the old covenant is read, the same veil remaineth, since it is not unveiled to them that it is done away in Christ;
Although, then, I wrote to you, it was not on account of him that did the wrong, nor of him who suffered wrong; but that your earnestness for us might be made manifest to you in the sight of God.
And I only give an opinion in this matter. For this is expedient for you, who began before others, not only to do, but also to be willing, a year ago.
For I know your readiness of mind, of which I boast in behalf of you to the Macedonians, that Achaia was prepared a year ago; and your zeal stirred up the greater part of them.
Ye look at the outward appearance. If any one trusteth to himself that he belongeth to Christ, let him of himself consider this again, that as he belongeth to Christ, so also do we.
This is the third time I am coming to you. In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established.
for the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church,he, who is the Saviour of the body.
for the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church,he, who is the Saviour of the body.
Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus, to all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, together with the bishops and deacons:
Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy the brother,
Wherefore we purposed to come to you, that is, I Paul, once and again; but Satan hindered us.
of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I delivered to Satan, that they might be taught not to blaspheme.
But I suffer not the woman to teach, nor to have authority over the man, but to be in silence.
who have erred concerning the truth, saying that the resurrection hath already taken place, and overthrow the faith of some.
Smith
Corinth'ians, First Epistle to the,
was written by the apostle St. Paul toward the close of his nearly three-years stay at Ephesus,
which, we learn from
probably terminated with the Pentecost of A.D. 57 or 58. The bearers were probably (according to the common subscription) Stephanas, Fortunatus and Achaicus. It appears to have been called forth by the information the apostles had received of dissension in the Corinthian church, which may be thus explained: --The Corinthian church was planted by the apostle himself,
in his second missionary journey.
seq. He abode in the city a year and a half.
A short time after the apostle had left the city the eloquent Jew of Alexandria, Apollos, went to Corinth,
and gained many followers, dividing the church into two parties, the followers of Paul and the followers of Apollos. Later on Judaizing teachers from Jerusalem preached the gospel in a spirit of direct antagonism to St. Paul personally. To this third party we may perhaps add a fourth, that, under the name of "the followers of Christ,"
sought at first to separate themselves from the factious adherence to particular teachers, but eventually were driven by antagonism into positions equally sectarian and inimical to the unity of the church. At this momentous period, before parties had become consolidated and that distinctly withdrawn from communion with one another, the apostle writes; and in the outset of the epistle, 1Cor 1-4:21, we have this noble and impassioned protest against this fourfold rending of the robe of Christ.
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After these things, Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth.
And he continued there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them.
And it came to pass, while Apollos was at Corinth, that Paul, having passed through the upper districts, came to Ephesus. And finding certain disciples,
And this continued for two years, so that all who dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks.
Therefore be watchful, and remember that for the space of three years, night and day, I ceased not to warn every one with tears.
But we did not receive the spirit of the world, but the Spirit which is from God, that we might know the things that have been given to us by the grace of God;
I planted, Apollos watered; but God gave the growth.
But I shall remain at Ephesus until the Pentecost;