Reference: Edom
American
Red, a name of Esau, Isaac's eldest son, appropriate on account of his natural complexion, but given, it would seem, from the current name of food for which he sold his birthright-"that same red," Ge 25:25,30. See ESAU and IDUMEA.
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And the first came forth red, all over, as a mantle of hair, - so they called his name, Esau,
So Esau said unto Jacob. Do let me devour some of the red - this red, for, famished, I am. For this cause, was his name called Edom.
Easton
(1.) The name of Esau (q.v.), Ge 25:30, "Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage [Heb haadom, haadom, i.e., 'the red pottage, the red pottage'] ...Therefore was his name called Edom", i.e., Red.
(2.) Idumea (Isa 34:5-6; Eze 35:15). "The field of Edom" (Ge 32:3), "the land of Edom" (Ge 36:16), was mountainous (Ob 1:8-9,19,21). It was called the land, or "the mountain of Seir," the rough hills on the east side of the Arabah. It extended from the head of the Gulf of Akabah, the Elanitic gulf, to the foot of the Dead Sea (1Ki 9:26), and contained, among other cities, the rock-hewn Sela (q.v.), generally known by the Greek name Petra (2Ki 14:7). It is a wild and rugged region, traversed by fruitful valleys. Its old capital was Bozrah (Isa 63:1). The early inhabitants of the land were Horites. They were destroyed by the Edomites (De 2:12), between whom and the kings of Israel and Judah there was frequent war (2Ki 8:20; 2Ch 28:17).
At the time of the Exodus they churlishly refused permission to the Israelites to pass through their land (Nu 20:14-21), and ever afterwards maintained an attitude of hostility toward them. They were conquered by David (2Sa 8:14; comp. 1Ki 9:26), and afterwards by Amaziah (2Ch 25:11-12). But they regained again their independence, and in later years, during the decline of the Jewish kingdom (2Ki 16:6; R.V. marg., "Edomites"), made war against Israel. They took part with the Chaldeans when Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem, and afterwards they invaded and held possession of the south of Palestine as far as Hebron. At length, however, Edom fell under the growing Chaldean power (Jer 27:3,6).
There are many prophecies concerning Edom (Isa 34:5-6; Jer 49:7-18; Eze 25:13; 35; Joe 3:19; Am 1:11; Obadiah; Mal 1:3-4) which have been remarkably fulfilled. The present desolate condition of that land is a standing testimony to the inspiration of these prophecies. After an existence as a people for above seventeen hundred years, they have utterly disappeared, and their language even is forgotten for ever. In Petra, "where kings kept their court, and where nobles assembled, there no man dwells; it is given by lot to birds, and beasts, and reptiles."
The Edomites were Semites, closely related in blood and in language to the Israelites. They dispossessed the Horites of Mount Seir; though it is clear, from Ge 36, that they afterwards intermarried with the conquered population. Edomite tribes settled also in the south of Judah, like the Kenizzites (Ge 36:11), to whom Caleb and Othniel belonged (Jos 15:17). The southern part of Edom was known as Teman.
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So Esau said unto Jacob. Do let me devour some of the red - this red, for, famished, I am. For this cause, was his name called Edom.
Then did Jacob send messengers before him unto Esau his brother, to the land of Seir, the field of Edom.
chief Korah, chief Gatam, chief Amalek. These are the chiefs of Eliphaz in the land of Edom, these, the sons of Adah.
And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh, unto the king of Edom, - Thus, saith thy brother Israel, Thou thyself, knowest all the distress which befell us; and how our fathers went down to Egypt, and we abode in Egypt, many days, rod that the Egyptians ill-treated us, and our fathers; read more. and we made outcry unto Yahweh, and he heard our voice, and sent a messenger, and brought us forth out of Egypt, - lo! then, we, are in Kadesh, a city at the extremity of thy boundary, Let us, we pray thee, pass through thy land - we will not pass through field or vineyard, nor will we drink the waters of a well, - by the kings road, will we go - we will turn neither to the right hand nor to the left, until we get through thy boundary. And Edom said unto him, Thou shalt not pass through my land, - lest with the sword, I come out to meet thee. And the sons of Israel said unto him - By the highway, will we go up, and if thy waters, we should drink - I, and my cattle then would I give the price thereof, - only - it is nothing! - with my feet, would I pass through. And he said, Thou shalt not pass through. And Edom came out to meet him, with a strong people, and with a firm hand. Thus did Edom refuse to give Israel passage through his boundary, - and Israel turned away from him.
And in Seir, dwelt the Horim aforetime, but, the sons of Esau, dispossessed them, and destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their stead, - as did Israel unto the land of his own possession, which Yahweh had given unto them.
And Othniel son of Kenaz, brother of Caleb, captured it, - so he gave unto him Achsah, his daughter, to wife.
And he put, in Edom, garrisons, throughout all Edom, put be garrisons, and so it was that all Edom became servants unto David, - and Yahweh gave victory unto David, whithersoever he went.
A fleet also, did King Solomon build in Ezion-geber, which is beside Eloth on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.
A fleet also, did King Solomon build in Ezion-geber, which is beside Eloth on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.
In his days, did Edom revolt from under the hand of Judah, - and they set over them a king.
He, smote Edom, in the valley of salt, ten thousand, and seized Sela, in the war, - and called the name thereof Joktheel, as it is until this day.
At that time, Rezin king of Syria recovered Elath, to Syria, and wholly cleared out the Jews from Eloth, - and, the Syrians, entered Elath, and have dwelt there, unto this day.
And, Amaziah, took courage, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, - and smote of the sons of Seir, ten thousand; and the sons of Judah took captive, ten thousand alive, and brought to the top of the crag, - and cast them down from the top of the crag, and, all of them, were torn asunder.
For my sword hath been sated in the heavens, - Lo! upon Edom, shall it descend, Even on the people whom I have devoted to justice.
For my sword hath been sated in the heavens, - Lo! upon Edom, shall it descend, Even on the people whom I have devoted to justice. A sword, hath Yahweh - Glutted with blood Sated with fat, - With the blood of well-fed lambs and he-goats, With the fat of the kidneys of rams, - For, a sacrifice, hath Yahweh in Bozrah, Yea a great slaughter in the land of Edom;
A sword, hath Yahweh - Glutted with blood Sated with fat, - With the blood of well-fed lambs and he-goats, With the fat of the kidneys of rams, - For, a sacrifice, hath Yahweh in Bozrah, Yea a great slaughter in the land of Edom;
Who is this coming in from Edom With bright-red garments, from Bozrah? This made splendid in his raiment, Marching on in the greatness of his strength? I, speaking in righteousness, Mighty to save.
Then shalt thou send them unto the king of Edom and unto the king of Moab and unto the king of the sons of Ammon, and unto the king of Tyre and unto the king of Zidon, - by the hand of messengers coming into Jerusalem, unto Zedekiah king of Judah.
Now, therefore, I, have given all these lands, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon my servant, - Moreover also, the wild beast of the field, have I given him, to serve him.
Of Edom - Thus, saith Yahweh of hosts, Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Hath counsel perished from the discerning? Is their wisdom corrupt? Flee ye turn go down deep to dwell, O inhabitant of Dedan, - For the doom of Esau, have I brought in upon him The time of his visitation. read more. If, grape-gatherers, came to thee, Would they not leave, gleanings? If, thieves in the night, Would they not have taken away what sufficed them? But, I, have stripped Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, And to conceal himself, shall he not be able! Spoiled, are his seed, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not. Leave thy fatherless children I, will preserve them alive, - And thy widows, In me, let them trust. For, thus saith Yahweh - Lo! they who had not been adjudged to drink the cup, shall surely drink, And art thou, the one to go unpunished? Thou shalt not go unpunished, but shalt surely drink. or by myself, have I sworn, Declareth Yahweh, That, Bozrah shall become, an astonishment: a reproach and a desolation, and a contempt, - And all her cities shall become age-abiding desolations. A report, have I heard from Yahweh, Yea, an envoy, throughout the nations, hath been sent, - Gather yourselves together and come against her, And arise to the battle. For lo! Small, have I made thee among the nations, - Despised among men! Thy monstrous thing, hath deceived thee, The insolence of thy heart, O thou that inhabitest the hidden recesses of the cliff, That boldest fast the height of the hill, - Though thou set high as an eagle, thy nest, From thence, will I bring thee down, Declareth Yahweh; So shall, Edom, become an astonishment, - Every one passing by her, will be astonished and hiss, over all her plagues: Like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and her neighbours, Saith Yahweh, - There shall not dwell there - a man, Nor sojourn therein - any son of the earth-born.
Therefore Thus, saith My Lord Yahweh, I will therefore stretch forth my hand over Edom, and will cut off therefrom man and beast, And will deliver it up as a desolation, from Teman, And they of Dedan, by the sword, shall fall,
As thou didst rejoice over the inheritance of the house of Israel because it had become a desolation, so, will, I, do unto thee, - A desolation, shalt thou become, O Mount Seir And all Edom all of it, So shall they know that, I, am Yahweh.
Egypt, to a desolation, shall be turned, and, Edom, to a desert most desolate, shall be changed, - because of the violence done to the sons of Judah, in that they shed innocent blood in their land.
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Edom, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because he pursued, with the sword, his brother, and stifled his compassions, and his anger tare in pieces evermore, and, his indignation, kept watch perpetually,
Shall it not be, in that day, Demandeth Yahweh, - That I will destroy the wise men out of Edom, and understanding out of Mount Esau? So shall thy mighty men, O Teman, be dismayed, - to the intent that every man, may be cut off, out of Mount Esau, by slaughter.
Then shall they of the South possess Mount Esau, and they of the Lowlands, the Philistines, and they of the Mountain shall possess the field of Ephraim, and the field of Samaria, - and Benjamin shall possess Gilead;
And saviours shall come up in Mount Zion, to judge the mountain of Esau, - So shall the kingdom, belong unto Yahweh.
And, Esau, have I hated, - and made his mountains a desolation, and his inheritance a dwelling for the jackals of the wilderness. Whereas Edom, may say, We are laid waste, but we will again build the desolate places, Thus, saith Yahweh of hosts, They, may build, but, I, will pull down, - and men shall call them, The Boundary of Lawlessness, and, The people with whom Yahweh hath indignation unto times age-abiding;
Fausets
Idumea. ("red".) Esau's surname, the firstborn of Isaac; Jacob's twin brother, who sold his birthright for the red pottage (of yellow brown lentils, dashim; the cooking of which is still seen in Egyptian representations), from whence came his surname (Ge 25:29-34). The name was appropriate to Edom's possession, "mount Seir," the mountainous territory having a reddish hue. Seir means rugged, applicable alike to Seir the hirsute (like Esau) progenitor of the Horites, Edom's predecessors, and to their rugged forest covered territory (Ge 14:6; 32:3; 36:1-8,20-22). It extended from the Dead Sea S. to the Elanitic gulf of the Red Sea. Esau, with his 400 armed men (Ge 32:6), commenced driving out the Horites, and permanently settled in mount Seir after his father's death, yielding Canaan to Jacob, in accordance with his father's blessing.
It is objected to Ge 36:31 that the language supposes kings had already reigned over Israel. But in Ge 35:11 "God Almighty" ('Eel Shaday) had promised Jacob "kings shall come out of thy loins." Moses, too, foretold of the Israelites having a king over them. Naturally then he notices that eight kings had reigned of Esau's family up to his own time, "before the reigning of any king to the children of Israel." The prosperity of the worldly is often immediate and brilliant, but it is transitory; that of God's people is slower in coming, that they may believingly and patiently wait for it, but when it does come it will abide for ever. Of the kingdom of the Messiah, Israel's king, there shall be no end (Lu 1:33). The dukes did not precede the line of Edomite kings, and afterward succeed again (Genesis 36); but a single king (emir) reigned in all Edom contemporaneous with several dukes (skeikhs) or princes of local tribes. The king is mentioned (Jg 11:17), and the dukes a short while before (Ex 15:15).
Moreover, the monarchy was not hereditary, but the kings apparently were elected by the dukes. The Edomites became "dwellers in the clefts of the rocks" (Jer 49:16; compare 2Ch 25:11-12), like their Horite predecessors who were troglodytes or "dwellers in caves" (Ob 1:3-4) Petra (Sela, Hebrew, rock), their chief city, was cut in the rocks. S. Idumea abounds in cave dwellings. Red baldheaded sandstone rocks are intersected by deep seams rather than valleys. In the heart of these, itself invisible, lies Petra (Stanley), Edom' s stronghold in Amaziah's days (2Ki 14:7). Bozrah, now Buseireh, was its ancient capital, near the N. border. (See BOZRAH.) Elath and Ezion Geber were Edom's seaports; afterward taken by David and made by Solomon his ports for equipping his merchant fleet (2Sa 8:14; 1Ki 9:26).
Edom (100 miles long, 20 broad) stretched Edom of the Arabah valley, southward as far as Elath. Eastward of Elath lay the desert. Israel, when refused a passage through Moab N. of Edom, as also through Edom, went from Kadesh by the S. extremity of Edom past. Elath into the desert E. of Edom (De 2:8,13-14,18; Jg 11:17-18; 2Ki 3:6-9). The Brook Zered (wady el Ahsy) was the boundary between Moab (Kerak) and Edom (now Jebal, Hebrew Gebal, mountainous, the N. district, along with Esh. Sherah, the S. district), Edom subsequently took also the territory once occupied by Amalek, S. of Palestine, the desert of Et Tih ("wandering") (Nu 13:29; 1Sa 15:1-7; 27:8). Low calcareous hills are on the W. base of the mountain range of igneous porphyry rock, surmounted by red sandstone.
On the E. is a limestone ridge, descending with an easy incline to the Arabian desert. The promised (Ge 27:40) "fatness of the earth" is in the glens and terraces of Edom (Ge 27:39), while from their rocky aeries they sallied forth "living by the sword." When navigation was difficult merchants' caravans took Edom as their route from the Persian gulf to Egypt, which became a source of wealth to Edom. At Kadesh Edom came out against Israel, on the latter marching eastward across the Arabah to reach the Jordan River through Edom, and offering to pay for provisions and water; for the rocky country there enabled them to oppose Israel. The wady Ghuweir (where probably was "the king's highway") would be the defile by which Israel tried to pass through Edom being the only practicable defile for an army, with pasture and springs (Nu 20:14-21).
But Edom dared not resist Israel's passage along their eastern border, which is more defenseless than their frontier toward the Arabah. Edom then at last made a virtue of necessity and let Israel purchase provisions (De 2:2-8,28-29). In both accounts Israel offered to pay for provisions, and did so at last on Edom's eastern side, whereas they and Moab ought to have "met (Israel as their brother) with bread and water" (De 23:4). Edom was among the enemies on the frontier from whom Saul at the beginning of his reign delivered Israel (1Sa 14:47). Hadad the Edomite, who escaped from David's slaughter to Egypt, returned thence from Pharaoh Shishak to excite Edom to revolt against Solomon (1Ki 11:14). Jehoshaphat of Judah reduced the Edomites 897 B.C., dethroning their king for a deputy from Jerusalem, and trying by a fleet at Ezion Geber to regain the trade; but his vessels were broken by the Edomites or the Egyptians.
Amaziah of Judah killed many thousands in the Valley of Salt near the Dead Sea, and took Selah, afterward Joktheel, the first mention of this extraordinary city (2Ki 14:7), and adopted their gods of mount Seir. Uzziah built Elath on the opposite side of the bay from Ezion Geber, the Roman (Etana, now Akabah; but in Ahaz' reign the Edomites (as 2Ki 16:6 should be read for "Syrians") recovered it (2Ki 14:22). When Israel and Judah declined Edom "broke off Israel's yoke," as Isaac had foretold, in Jehoram's reign (2Ki 8:20-22), re-conquered their lost cities and invaded southern Judah (2Ch 28:17). Edom also joined the Chaldaeans against the Jews (Ps 137:7). Hence, the denunciations against Edom in Ob 1:1, etc.; Jer 49:7, etc.; Eze 25:12, etc.; Eze 35:3, etc. At the Babylonian captivity they seized on the Amalekite territory, and even Hebron in southern Judaea, so that Idumaea came to mean the region between the Arabah and the Mediterranean.
Meanwhile mount Stir or Edom proper, was occupied by the Nabathaeans (descended from Nebaioth, Ishmael's oldest son and Esau's brother in law), a powerful people of S. Arabia; they founded the kingdom of Arabia Petraea in ancient Edom, and their monarchs took the name Aretas. Aretas, the father-in-law of Herod Antipas (Matthew 14), took Damascus at the time of Paul's conversion (Ac 9:25; 2Co 11:32). Rome subdued this kingdom of Arabia A.D. 105. Idumea S. of Palestine was joined to Judaea under Judas Maccabaeus and John Hyrcanus. Antipater, one of the Jewish prefects, an Idumean by birth, by the Roman senate's decree (37 B.C.) became procurator of all Judaea. His son was Herod the Great. Just before the siege under Titus 20,000 Idumeans were admitted into Jerusalem and filled it bloodshed and rapine. Muslim misrule finally destroyed Edom's prosperity in fulfillment of prophecy (Eze 35:3-14).
Psalm 44 was written by the sons of Korah in the midst of Edom's invasion of Israel, taking advantage of David's absence at the Euphrates. David was striving with Aram of the two rivers (Naharaim) and Aram-Zobah when Joab returned and smote of Edom in the Valley of Salt (the scene also of Amaziah's victory over Edom, the plain S. of the Dead Sea, where the Ghor or the Jordan Valley ends; the mount of rock salt, Khasm Usdum, is in its N.W. grainer) 12,000 men (8/13/type/emb'>2Sa 8:13; 10:6,8,10-19; 1Ch 18:12; 1Ki 11:15-16). Israel's slain lay unburied until Joab returned from smiting Edom along with Abishai. The scattering of Israel among the pagan (Ps 44:11) was but partial, enough to gratify Edom's desire to falsify the prophecy, "the elder shall serve the younger." Edom's spite is marked (Joe 3:19; Am 1:6,9,11).
Israel pleads faithfulness to the covenant, which suits David's time; also they had no "armies" in Babylon (Ps 44:9), which precludes the time of the captivity there. David wrote Psalm 60 when victory was in part gained, and he was sending forth the expedition against Edom. Translated in the title, "when David had beaten down Ar
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And Jacob had boiled pottage, - when Esau came in from the field, he, being famished. So Esau said unto Jacob. Do let me devour some of the red - this red, for, famished, I am. For this cause, was his name called Edom. read more. And Jacob said, - Come sell, just now, thy birthright unto me. And Esau said, Here am I, on the point of dying, - wherefore, then, should I, have, a birthright? And Jacob said, Come swear to me just now! And he sware to him, - and sold his birthright to Jacob. And Jacob, having given to Esau bread and a dish of lentils, he did eat and drink and rose up, and went his way, - thus Esau despised his birthright!
Then answered Isaac his father and said unto him, - Lo! of the fat parts of the earth, shall be thy dwelling, And of the dew of the heavens, above; And on thy sword, shalt thou live, And thy brother, shalt thou serve: But it shall come to pass when thou shalt rove at large, Then shalt thou break his yoke from off thy neck.
Then did Jacob send messengers before him unto Esau his brother, to the land of Seir, the field of Edom.
And the messengers returned unto Jacob, saying, - We came in unto thy brother unto Esau, moreover also he is on his way to meet thee, and four hundred men with him.
And God said to him - I, am GOD Almighty! Be fruitful and multiply, A nation, and a multitude of nations shall spring from thee, - And, kings, from thy loins, shall come forth;
Now these, are the generations of Esau the same, is Edom. Esau, took his wives of the daughters of Canaan, - Even Adah, daughter of Elon, the Hittite, And Oholibamah daughter of Anah, son of Zibeon, the Hivite; read more. And Basemath daughter of Ishmael sister of Nebaioth. So Adah bare to Esau, Eliphaz, and, Basemath, bare Reuel; and Oholibamah, bare Jeush and Jalam and Korah. These, are the sons of Esau, who were born to him in the land of Canaan. Then took Esau his wives, and his sons, and his daughters and all the souls of his house, and his herds and all his beasts, and all his possessions whatsoever he had gathered in the land of Canaan, - and went into a land, away from the face of Jacob his brother, For their substance had become too great for them to dwell together, - neither could the land of their sojournings sustain them, because of their herds, So Esau dwelt in Mount Seir, Esau, is Edom.
These, are the sons of Seir, the Horite, who were dwelling in the land, - Lotan and Shobal and Zibeon and Anah; and Dishon and Ezer and Dishan, - These, are the chiefs of the Horites the sons of Seir, in the land of Edom. read more. Then came the sons of Lotan to be, Hori and Hemam, - And, the sister of Lotan was Timna.
And, these, are the kings, who reigned in the land of Edom, - before there reigned a king of the sons of Israel:
Then, were amazed the chiefs of Edom, The mighty ones of Moab, there seizeth them, a trembling, - Melted away, have all the dwellers of Canaan:
Anak, saw we there. Amalek, dwelleth in the land of the South; And, the Hittite, and the Jebusite and the Amorite, dwell in the mountain And the Canaanite, dwelleth by the sea, and by the side of the Jordan.
And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh, unto the king of Edom, - Thus, saith thy brother Israel, Thou thyself, knowest all the distress which befell us; and how our fathers went down to Egypt, and we abode in Egypt, many days, rod that the Egyptians ill-treated us, and our fathers; read more. and we made outcry unto Yahweh, and he heard our voice, and sent a messenger, and brought us forth out of Egypt, - lo! then, we, are in Kadesh, a city at the extremity of thy boundary, Let us, we pray thee, pass through thy land - we will not pass through field or vineyard, nor will we drink the waters of a well, - by the kings road, will we go - we will turn neither to the right hand nor to the left, until we get through thy boundary. And Edom said unto him, Thou shalt not pass through my land, - lest with the sword, I come out to meet thee. And the sons of Israel said unto him - By the highway, will we go up, and if thy waters, we should drink - I, and my cattle then would I give the price thereof, - only - it is nothing! - with my feet, would I pass through. And he said, Thou shalt not pass through. And Edom came out to meet him, with a strong people, and with a firm hand. Thus did Edom refuse to give Israel passage through his boundary, - and Israel turned away from him.
And Yahweh spake unto me, saying: Long enough, have ye encompassed this mountain, - turn yourselves north, wards. read more. And, the people, command thou saying, Ye are about to pass through the boundary of your brethren the sons of Esau, who are dwelling in Seir, - and should they he afraid of you, take ye good heed to yourselves: do not engage in strife with them, for I will not give you of their land, so much as place for the tread of a foot-sole, - for as a possession to Esau, have I given Mount Seir. Food, shall ye buy of them with silver so shall ye eat, - yea even water, shall ye buy of them with silver so shall ye drink. For Yahweh thy God, hath blessed thee in all the work of thy hand, he hath considered thy traversing of this great desert, - these forty years, hath Yahweh thy God been with thee, thou hast lacked, nothing. So we passed on, a way from our brethren the sons of Esau who dwell in Seir, from the way of the waste plain, from Elath, and from Ezion-geber, - and we turned and passed on by way of the desert of Moab.
So we passed on, a way from our brethren the sons of Esau who dwell in Seir, from the way of the waste plain, from Elath, and from Ezion-geber, - and we turned and passed on by way of the desert of Moab.
Now, arise, and pass ye over the ravine of Zered. So we passed over the ravine of Zered. Now, the days in which we journeyed from Kadesh-barnea, as far as where we crossed the ravine of Zered, were thirty-eight years, - until all the generation of the men of war were consumed out of the midst of the camp, as Yahweh had sworn unto them.
Food for silver, shalt thou sell me so will I eat, and water for silver, shalt thou let me have, so will I drink, - only I would pass through on my feet; - as the sons of Esau, who are dwelling in Seir, did to me, and the Moabites who are dwelling in Ar, - until that I pass over the Jordan, into the land which, Yahweh our God, is giving unto us.
because they met you not with bread and water, in the way, when ye came forth out of Egypt, - but hired against thee Balaam son of Beer from Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse thee.
And it came to pass, when they brought out these kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the captains of the men of war who had been with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. So they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.
then did Israel send messengers unto the king of Edom, saying - Let me pass, I pray thee, through thy land, but the king of Edom hearkened not, unto the king of Moab also, sent they, but he would not consent, - so Israel abode in Kadesh.
then did Israel send messengers unto the king of Edom, saying - Let me pass, I pray thee, through thy land, but the king of Edom hearkened not, unto the king of Moab also, sent they, but he would not consent, - so Israel abode in Kadesh. Then journeyed they through the desert, and went round the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and so came, from the rising of the sun, to the land of Moab, but encamped beyond Arnon, - and entered not within the boundary of Moab, for, Arnon, is the boundary of Moab.
Now, this aforetime, was the way in Israel, at a redeeming, and at an exchanging, to confirm every word: A man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour, - yea, this, was the way of taking to witness, in Israel.
And, Saul, took possession of the kingdom over Israel, - and made war round about against all his enemies - against Moab, and against the sons of Ammon, and against Edom, and against the kings of Zobah, and against the Philistines, and, whomsoever he turned against, he was victorious.
And David made a name, when he returned from his smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, - eighteen thousand.
And David made a name, when he returned from his smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, - eighteen thousand.
And David made a name, when he returned from his smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, - eighteen thousand. And he put, in Edom, garrisons, throughout all Edom, put be garrisons, and so it was that all Edom became servants unto David, - and Yahweh gave victory unto David, whithersoever he went.
And, when the sons of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious with David, the sons of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-rehob, and the Syrians of Zoba - twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah - a thousand men, and men of Tob - twelve thousand men.
And the sons of Ammon came out, and set in array for battle, at the entrance of the gate, - whereas, the Syrians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and of Maacah, were by themselves, in the field.
while, the rest of the people, he delivered into the hand of Abishai his brother, - and set them in array against the sons of Ammon. And he said - If the Syrians be too strong for me, then shalt thou become my deliverance, - but, if, the sons of Ammon, be too strong for thee, then will I come with deliverance to thee. read more. Be strong, and let us put forth our strength, for the sake of our people, and for the sake of the cities of our God, - and, Yahweh, do what is good in his own eyes. And Joab drew nigh, and the people that were with him, to fight against the Syrians, - and they fled before him. And, when, the sons of Ammon, saw that the Syrians had fled, then fled they before Abishai, and entered the city, - so Joab returned from the sons of Ammon, and entered Jerusalem. And, when the Syrians saw that they were defeated before Israel, they gathered themselves together; and Hadadezer sent and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the River, and they entered Helam, - Shobach the prince of the host of Hadadezer being before them. And, when it was told David, he gathered together all Israel, and passed over the Jordan, and entered Helam, - and the Syrians set themselves in array to meet David, and fought with him. Then fled the Syrians before Israel, and David slew of the Syrians seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, - Shobach also, prince of their host, smote he, that he died, there. And, when all the kings who were servants to Hadadezer saw that they were defeated before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them, - and the Syrians feared to give help any more unto the sons of Ammon.
And Yahweh raised up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite, - of the seed of the king, was he, in Edom.
In his days, did Edom revolt from under the hand of Judah, - and they set over them a king. So Joram passed over to Zair, and all the chariots with him, - and it came to pass that, he, arising by night, smote the Edomites that were round about unto him, and the captains of the chariots, and the people fled to their homes, read more. Yet did Edom revolt from under the hand of Judah, unto this day, - then, revolted Libnah, at the same time.
He, smote Edom, in the valley of salt, ten thousand, and seized Sela, in the war, - and called the name thereof Joktheel, as it is until this day.
He, smote Edom, in the valley of salt, ten thousand, and seized Sela, in the war, - and called the name thereof Joktheel, as it is until this day.
At that time, Rezin king of Syria recovered Elath, to Syria, and wholly cleared out the Jews from Eloth, - and, the Syrians, entered Elath, and have dwelt there, unto this day.
yea lo! they, are requiting us, - by coming to drive us out, from thy possession, which thou didst cause us to possess.
And, when he had given counsel unto the people, he appointed such as should sing unto Yahweh, and offer praise with holy adorning, - as they should be going forth before the armed men, that they should be saying, O give thanks unto Yahweh, For, age-abiding, is his lovingkindness. And, when they began to sing and to praise, Yahweh had set liers-in-wait against the sons of Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir, who were coming against Judah, and they were smitten.
And, Amaziah, took courage, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, - and smote of the sons of Seir, ten thousand; and the sons of Judah took captive, ten thousand alive, and brought to the top of the crag, - and cast them down from the top of the crag, and, all of them, were torn asunder.
For again had, the Edomites, come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives;
But nay thou hast rejected, and confounded us, And wilt not go forth with our hosts;
Thou dost give us up like sheep to be devoured, And, amongst the nations, hast thou scattered us.
He chooseth for us our inheritance, The excellence of Jacob, which he hath loved. Selah. God hath ascended with a shout, Yahweh, with the sound of a horn.
God, hath become king, over the nations, God, hath taken his seat upon his holy throne. The willing-hearted of the peoples, have gathered themselves together, The people of the God of Abraham; For, to God, belong the shields of the earth, Greatly is he exalted.
With an east wind, wilt thou shatter the ships of Tarshish.
We have thought, O God, upon thy lovingkindness, In the midst of thy temple:
Thou hadst given - to them that revere thee - a banner, to float aloft, Because of thy faithfulness. Selah.
Who will conduct me to fortified city? Who will lead me as far as Edom! Is it not, thou, O God? - thou hast rejected us! And wilt thou not go forth, O God, with our hosts? read more. Grant us help out of distress, For, vain, is the deliverance of man: In God, we shall do valiantly, He himself, therefore, will tread down our adversaries.
Against thy people, they craftily devise a secret plot, And conspire against thy treasured ones. They have said - Come, and let us wipe them out from being a nation, That the name of Israel may be remembered no more. read more. For they have taken counsel with one heart, Against thee - a covenant, would they solemnize -
Who said - Let us take a possession foe ourselves, The pastures of God!
Who said - Let us take a possession foe ourselves, The pastures of God!
Remember, O Yahweh, against the sons of Edom, the day of Jerusalem, - how they continued to say - Overthrow! Overthrow! unto the foundation within it.
Of Edom - Thus, saith Yahweh of hosts, Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Hath counsel perished from the discerning? Is their wisdom corrupt?
Thy monstrous thing, hath deceived thee, The insolence of thy heart, O thou that inhabitest the hidden recesses of the cliff, That boldest fast the height of the hill, - Though thou set high as an eagle, thy nest, From thence, will I bring thee down, Declareth Yahweh;
Thus, saith My Lord. Yahweh, Because of what Edom hath done, in taking vengeance on the house of Judah, so that they have become guilty again and again and have taken vengeance upon then I
and thou shalt say to it Thus saith My Lord Yahweh, Behold me! against thee Mount Seir, - Therefore will I stretch out my hand against thee, And will make thee a desolation and an astonishment:
and thou shalt say to it Thus saith My Lord Yahweh, Behold me! against thee Mount Seir, - Therefore will I stretch out my hand against thee, And will make thee a desolation and an astonishment: Thy cities, will I lay waste, And thou - a desolation, shalt become, So shalt thou know that I, am Yahweh. read more. Because thou hast had an age-abiding enmity, And hast delivered up the sons of Israel unto he hands of the sword,- In the time of their misfortune, In the time of the final punishment for iniquity, Therefore, as I live, Declareth My Lord. Yahweh, Surely regarding blood, will deal with thee, Blood therefore, shall pursue thee,-Since blood thou hast not hated, Therefore blood, shall pursue thee, So then I will deliver up Mount Seir to desolation after desolation,- And will cut off therefrom him that passeth by and him that returneth, And I will fill his mountains with his slain, - As for thy hills and thy hollows and all thy channels, they who are thrust through by the sword shall fall therein: Desolations age-abiding, will I make thee, And thy cities, shall not be inhabited,- shall ye know that I, am Yahweh. Because thou hast said, the two nations, and the two lands, mine, shall become, that we may possess it Whereas Yahweh, had been there, Therefore as I live, Declareth My Lord Yahweh, I will even deal according to thine anger, and according to thine envy, wherewith thou hast dealt, out of thy hatred with them,- So will I make myself known among them as soon as I shall judge thee And their shalt know that I, Yahweh, have heard all thy reviling which thou hast uttered against the mountains of Israel saying, They have become desolate, - To us, have they been given for food; And so ye have magnified yourselves against me with your mouth, And have caused to abound against me your words, - I, have heard! Thus, saith My Lord Yahweh, - When all the earth is rejoicing, la desolation will I make thee:
Egypt, to a desolation, shall be turned, and, Edom, to a desert most desolate, shall be changed, - because of the violence done to the sons of Judah, in that they shed innocent blood in their land.
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Gaza, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because of their taking into exile the whole body of exiles, to deliver to Edom,
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Tyre, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because of their delivering up the whole body of exiles to Edom, and they remembered not the brotherly covenant,
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Edom, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because he pursued, with the sword, his brother, and stifled his compassions, and his anger tare in pieces evermore, and, his indignation, kept watch perpetually,
The vision of Obadiah, - Thus, saith My Lord, Yahweh, concerning Edom - A rumour, have we heard from Yahweh, and, a herald, throughout the nations, hath been sent, Up! and let us rise against her to war.
The insolence of thy heart, hath deceived thee, O thou that inhabitest the retreats of the crag, the height of his habitation, - that saith in his heart, Who shall bring me down to the ground? Though thou build high like an eagle, and though, among the stars, thou set thy nest, from thence, will I bring thee down, Declareth Yahweh.
I, indeed, am immersing you, in water, unto repentance, - but, he who, after me, cometh is, mightier than I, whose, sandals, I am not worthy to bear, he, will immerse you, in Holy Spirit and fire:
And he shall reign over the house of Jacob, unto the ages, and, of his kingdom, there shall be, no end.
Peter saith unto him - In nowise shalt thou, ever, wash my feet. Jesus answered him - If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me.
But the disciples, taking him by night, through the wall, let him down, lowering him in a basket.
And, as John was fulfilling his course, he was saying - Whom are ye supposing that I am? I, am not he! But lo! there cometh, after me, one of whom I am not worthy, the sandals of his feet, to loosen.
Morish
E'dom
Name given to Esau because he craved the red pottage of Jacob, Edom signifying red, Ge 25:30; 36:1,8,19; but the name is more usually given to his tribe and the territory they possessed. This extended from the land of Moab, southward to the Gulf of Akaba, in length about 100 miles, from about 29 30' to 31 N, and about 35 30' E. It is a remarkably mountainous district with lofty peaks and deep glens, but also with very productive plains. It had been called mount Seir. Ge 36:8. Some of the rocks were so precipitous that Amaziah killed 10,000 of the children of Seir (Edomites) by casting them down from the rocks, whereby they were dashed to pieces. 2Ch 25:11. Bozrah and Sela, or Selah, were its chief cities.
When Israel was approaching the land of Palestine, Moses appealed to Edom to let them pass through their country, but they refused. The Israelites therefore returned south by way of the Red Sea (Gulf of Akaba) in order to compass the land of Edom, and then kept to the east of Edom until they reached the land of Moab. Nu 21:4.
Edom is constantly referred to in the prophets as having had relations with Israel, and is judged because of its perpetual hatred against them. Eze 35:5. God at one time stirred up the king of Edom to punish Israel (1Ki 11:14), and then again strengthened Israel to punish Edom. 2Ch 25:10-11. Some of the prophecies however extend to the future. Edom took pleasure in the punishment of Judah when judgement was falling upon it. Of Jerusalem they said, "Rase it, rase it, even to the foundation thereof," Ps 137:7, evincing, as also do other passages, the hatred and jealousy of the descendants of Esau.
Many prophecies speak of its punishment. When the king of the north in a future day invades Palestine and overthrows countries as far as Egypt, "Edom, and Moab, and the chief of the children of Ammon" will escape, being reserved to be subdued by Israel. Da 11:41; Isa 11:13-14; Ob 1:18-19. It is from 'Edom' that the Lord Jesus is represented as coming 'with dyed garments' because of His having executed judgements. Isa 63:1. Its destruction will be complete. Ob 1:10.
During the captivity the Edomites extended their dominion in the West and possessed Hebron; and some 300 years B.C. the Nabatheans took Petra (which is supposed to be the same as Sela, q.v.), and established themselves in the district. They settled down and engaged in commerce, and formed the kingdom called by Roman writers Arabia Petraea. Under the Maccabees the Edomites in the west were conquered, and Hebron was recovered. After possession by the Romans, under the withering influence of Islamic rule the district came to ruin.
The Greek form of Edom is IDUMEA, which occurs only in Isa 34:5-6; Eze 35:15; 36:5; Mr 3:8.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
So Esau said unto Jacob. Do let me devour some of the red - this red, for, famished, I am. For this cause, was his name called Edom.
Then brake they up from Mount Hor, by way of the Red Sea, to go round the land of Edom, - and the soul of the people became impatient because of the way,
And Yahweh raised up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite, - of the seed of the king, was he, in Edom.
So Amaziah separated them, appointing unto the company which had come unto him out of Ephraim, to depart unto their own place, - wherefore their anger was greatly kindled against Judah, so they returned to their own place, in a heat of anger. And, Amaziah, took courage, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, - and smote of the sons of Seir, ten thousand;
And, Amaziah, took courage, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, - and smote of the sons of Seir, ten thousand;
Remember, O Yahweh, against the sons of Edom, the day of Jerusalem, - how they continued to say - Overthrow! Overthrow! unto the foundation within it.
And the envy of Ephraim shall be removed, And the vexatious doings of Judah, shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah, shall not vex Ephraim; But they shall fly on the wing of the Philistines in the west, Together, shall they make prey of the sons of the east, - On Edom and Moab, putting forth their hand, With the sons of Ammon hearkening unto them.
For my sword hath been sated in the heavens, - Lo! upon Edom, shall it descend, Even on the people whom I have devoted to justice. A sword, hath Yahweh - Glutted with blood Sated with fat, - With the blood of well-fed lambs and he-goats, With the fat of the kidneys of rams, - For, a sacrifice, hath Yahweh in Bozrah, Yea a great slaughter in the land of Edom;
Who is this coming in from Edom With bright-red garments, from Bozrah? This made splendid in his raiment, Marching on in the greatness of his strength? I, speaking in righteousness, Mighty to save.
Because thou hast had an age-abiding enmity, And hast delivered up the sons of Israel unto he hands of the sword,- In the time of their misfortune, In the time of the final punishment for iniquity,
As thou didst rejoice over the inheritance of the house of Israel because it had become a desolation, so, will, I, do unto thee, - A desolation, shalt thou become, O Mount Seir And all Edom all of it, So shall they know that, I, am Yahweh.
Therefore, Thus, saith My Lord, Yahweh, Surely in the fire of my jealousy, have I spoken against the rest of the nation and against Edom all of it, - - Who have given my land to themselves for a possession, In the rejoicing of all the heart In contempt of soul, To make of its produce a prey.
yea he will enter the beautiful land, and, many lands , shall be laid low, - but, these, shall be delivered out of his hand, Edom and Moab, and the first portion of the sons of Ammon;
For thy violence against thy brother Jacob, shall shame, cover thee, - so shalt thou be cut off, to times age-abiding.
And the house of Jacob shall be a fire, and the house of Joseph a flame, with the house of Esau for stubble, So shall they kindle upon them, and devour them, - and there shall be no survivor to the house of Esau, for, Yahweh, hath spoken. Then shall they of the South possess Mount Esau, and they of the Lowlands, the Philistines, and they of the Mountain shall possess the field of Ephraim, and the field of Samaria, - and Benjamin shall possess Gilead;
and from Jerusalem, and from Idumaea, and beyond the Jordan, and around Tyre and Zidon, a great throng, hearing whatsoever things he was doing, came unto him.
Watsons
EDOM, a province of Arabia, which derives its name from Edom, or Esau, who there settled in the mountains of Seir, in the land of the Horites, south-east of the Dead Sea. His descendants afterward extended themselves throughout Arabia Petrea, and south of Palestine, between the Dead Sea and the Mediterranean. During the Babylonish captivity, and when Judea was almost deserted, they seized the south of Judah, and advanced to Hebron. Hence that tract of Judea, which they inhabited, retained the name of Idumea in the time of our Saviour, Mr 3:8. Under Moses and Joshua, and even under the kings of Judah, the Idumeans were confined to the east and south of the Dead Sea, in the land of Seir; but afterward they extended their territories more to the south of Judah. The capital of east Edom was Bozrah; and that of south Edom, Petra, or Jectael. The Edomites, or Idumeans, the posterity of Esau, had kings long before the Jews. They were first governed by dukes or princes, and afterward by kings, Ge 36:31. They continued independent till the time of David, who subdued them, in completion of Isaac's prophecy, that Jacob should rule Esau, Ge 27:29-30. The Idumeans bore this subjection with great impatience; and at the end of Solomon's reign, Hadad, the Edomite, who had been carried into Egypt during his childhood, returned into his own country, where he procured himself to be acknowledged king, 1Ki 11:22. It is probable, however, that he reigned only in east Edom; for Edom south of Judea continued subject to the kings of Judah, till the reign of Jehoram, son of Jehoshaphat, against whom it rebelled, 2Ch 21:8. Jehoram attacked Edom, but did not subdue it. Amaziah king of Judah, took Petra, killed a thousand men, and compelled ten thousand more to leap from the rock, upon which stood the city of Petra, 2Ch 25:11-12. But these conquests were not permanent. Uzziah took Elath on the Red Sea, 2Ki 14:22; but Rezin, king of Syria, retook it. Some think that Esar-haddon, king of Syria, ravaged this country, Isa 21:11-17; 34:6. Holofernes subdued it, as well as other nations around Judea, Judith 3:14. When Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem, the Idumeans joined him, and encouraged him to rase the very foundations of that city. This cruelty did not long continue unpunished. Five years after the taking of Jerusalem, Nebuchadnezzar humbled all the states around Judea, and in particular Idumea. John Hyrcanus entirely conquered the Idumeans, whom he obliged to receive circumcision and the law. They continued subject to the later kings of Judea till the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans. They even came to assist that city when besieged, and entered it in order to defend it. However, they did not continue there till it was taken, but returned into Idumea loaded with booty. The prophecies respecting Edom are numerous and striking; and the present state of the country as described by modern travellers has given so remarkable an attestation to the accuracy of their fulfilment, that a few extracts from Mr. Keith's work, in which this is pointed out, may be fitly introduced:
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Let peoples serve thee And races bow down to thee, Become thou lord to thy brethren, And let the sons of thy mother bow down to thee, - He that curseth thee, be accursed! And he that blesseth thee, be blessed! And it came to pass as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing Jacob, - yea it came to pass when Jacob, had only just gone forth, from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother, came in from his hunting.
Then answered Isaac his father and said unto him, - Lo! of the fat parts of the earth, shall be thy dwelling, And of the dew of the heavens, above;
And, these, are the kings, who reigned in the land of Edom, - before there reigned a king of the sons of Israel:
And, these, are the kings, who reigned in the land of Edom, - before there reigned a king of the sons of Israel:
Let us, we pray thee, pass through thy land - we will not pass through field or vineyard, nor will we drink the waters of a well, - by the kings road, will we go - we will turn neither to the right hand nor to the left, until we get through thy boundary.
Then said Pharaoh unto him - But what hast thou been lacking with me, that lo! thou art seeking to take thy journey unto thine own land? And he said - Nothing, howbeit, let me go.
In his days, revolted the Edomites, from under the hand of Judah, - and set over themselves a king.
And, Amaziah, took courage, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, - and smote of the sons of Seir, ten thousand; and the sons of Judah took captive, ten thousand alive, and brought to the top of the crag, - and cast them down from the top of the crag, and, all of them, were torn asunder.
And, Yahweh, blessed the latter end of Job, more than his beginning, - and so he came to have fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she-asses.
The oracle on Dumah: Unto me, is one crying - out of Seir, Watchman! how far gone is the night? Watchman, how far gone is the night? Said the watchman, There cometh a morning. But also a night, - If ye will enquire, enquire, ye - Come, again! read more. The oracle on Arabia, - Among the shrubs in Arabia, must ye lodge, Ye caravans of Dedanites. To meet the thirsty, bring ye water, - Ye dwellers in the land of Tema; With bread for him, get in advance of him that is in flight! For, before swords, have they fled: Before a sword that is drawn, Before a bow that is bent, And before the stress of war. For, thus, hath My Lord said unto me, - Within a year according to the yearn of a hireling, shall fall all the glory of Kedar; And, the remnant of the record of bowmen, The heroes of the sons of Kedar, shall become few; For Yahweh God of Israel, hath spoken.
For my sword hath been sated in the heavens, - Lo! upon Edom, shall it descend, Even on the people whom I have devoted to justice. A sword, hath Yahweh - Glutted with blood Sated with fat, - With the blood of well-fed lambs and he-goats, With the fat of the kidneys of rams, - For, a sacrifice, hath Yahweh in Bozrah, Yea a great slaughter in the land of Edom;
Neither night nor day, shall it be quenched, To times age-abiding, shall ascend the smoke thereof, - From generation to generation, shall it be waste, Never, never, shall any pass through it:
Neither night nor day, shall it be quenched, To times age-abiding, shall ascend the smoke thereof, - From generation to generation, shall it be waste, Never, never, shall any pass through it: That the vomiting pelican and the bittern may possess it: And the great owl and the raven, dwell therein; Then will he stretch out over it The line of desolation, and The plummet of emptiness. read more. Her nobles (but none, are, there)! unto royalty, will call, - All, all her princes, shall become nought. Then shall come up, in her palaces thorns Nettles and thistles in her fortresses, - And she shall become A home for wild dogs, An enclosure for ostriches; Then shall criers meet with howlers, And, the shaggy creature, unto his fellow, shall call, - Only, there, shall, the night-spectre, Make her settlement, And find for herself a place of rest: There, shall, the arrow-snake, Make her nest and lay, And hatch and gather under her shadow, - Only, there, shall be gathered the falcons, every one with her mate. Seek ye out of the scroll of Yahweh, and read, Not, one from among them, is lacking, None, hath missed, her mate, - For, a mouth, hath, itself commanded, And, his spirit, hath itself gathered them: Yea he himself, hath cast for them a lot, And his own hand, hath given to them a portion by line, - Unto times age-abiding, shall they possess it, To generation after generation, shall they dwell therein.
or by myself, have I sworn, Declareth Yahweh, That, Bozrah shall become, an astonishment: a reproach and a desolation, and a contempt, - And all her cities shall become age-abiding desolations. A report, have I heard from Yahweh, Yea, an envoy, throughout the nations, hath been sent, - Gather yourselves together and come against her, And arise to the battle. read more. For lo! Small, have I made thee among the nations, - Despised among men! Thy monstrous thing, hath deceived thee, The insolence of thy heart, O thou that inhabitest the hidden recesses of the cliff, That boldest fast the height of the hill, - Though thou set high as an eagle, thy nest, From thence, will I bring thee down, Declareth Yahweh; So shall, Edom, become an astonishment, - Every one passing by her, will be astonished and hiss, over all her plagues: Like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and her neighbours, Saith Yahweh, - There shall not dwell there - a man, Nor sojourn therein - any son of the earth-born.
So then I will deliver up Mount Seir to desolation after desolation,- And will cut off therefrom him that passeth by and him that returneth,
And, Esau, have I hated, - and made his mountains a desolation, and his inheritance a dwelling for the jackals of the wilderness. Whereas Edom, may say, We are laid waste, but we will again build the desolate places, Thus, saith Yahweh of hosts, They, may build, but, I, will pull down, - and men shall call them, The Boundary of Lawlessness, and, The people with whom Yahweh hath indignation unto times age-abiding;
and from Jerusalem, and from Idumaea, and beyond the Jordan, and around Tyre and Zidon, a great throng, hearing whatsoever things he was doing, came unto him.