Reference: Wilderness Of The Wanderings
Fausets
(On Israel's route from Rameses to Sinai. (See EXODUS; EGYPT.) Kadesh or Kadesh Burned ("son of wandering" (Bedouin), or "land of earthquake," as Ps 29:8, "the Lord shaketh the wilderness of Cades") was the encampment from which the spies were sent and to which they returned (Nu 13:26; 32:8), on the W. of the wilderness of Zin, which was N.E. of the wilderness of Paran; S. of the wilderness of Paran was the wilderness of Sinai between the gulfs of Akabah and Suez. Comparing Nu 12:16 with Nu 33:18, and Nu 13:3,21-26, we see that the Kadesh of Numbers 13 is the Rithmah of Numbers 33. The stages catalogued in this last chapter are those visited during the years of penal wandering.
Rithmah (from retem the "broom" abounding there) designates the encampment during the first march toward Canaan (Nu 33:18); Kadesh the second encampment, in the same district though not on the same spot, in the 40th year (Nu 33:36-38); N. of Mount Her where Aaron died, and to which Israel marched as the first stage in their journey when denied a passage through Mount Seir (Nu 20:21-22). From the low ground of Kadesh the spies "went up" to search the land, which is called the mountain (Nu 13:17,21-22). The early encampment at Rithmah (Nu 33:18-19) took place in midsummer in the second year after the Exodus (for Israel left Sinai the 20th day of the second month, Nu 10:11, i.e. the middle of May; next the month at Kibroth Hattaavah would bring them to July); the later at Kadesh the first month of the 40th year (Nu 20:1).
At the first encampment they were at Kadesh for at least the 40 days of the spies' search (Nu 13:25); here Moses and the tabernacle remained (Nu 14:44) when the people presumptuously tried to occupy the land in spite of Jehovah's sentence dooming all above 20 to die in the wilderness (the name Kadesh, "holy," may be due to the long continuance of the holy tabernacle there). After their repulse they lingered for long ("many days," De 1:45-46) hoping for a reversal of their punishment. At last they broke up their prolonged encampment at Kadesh and compassed Mount Seir many days (De 2:1), i.e. wandered in the wilderness of Paran until the whole generation of murmurers had died. The wilderness is called Et Tih, i.e. "of wandering," or "Paran," being surrounded W. and S. by the Paran mountains (Nu 13:26; the limestone of the pyramids is thought to have been brought from Et Tih).
To this period belong the 17 stages of Nu 33:19-36. Early in the 40th year (Nu 20:1) Israel reassembled at Kadesh and stayed for three or four months (compare Nu 20:1 with Nu 20:22-28; 33:38). Miriam died here. Soon the people gathered here in full number, exhausted the water supply, and were given water miraculously from the rock. Thence proceeding, they were at Mount Hor refused a passage through Edom; then by the marches of Nu 33:41-49 they went round Edom's borders to Moab's plains. At Mount Hor Arad attacked them and brought destruction on his cities (Nu 21:3). In Nu 20:1 the words "Israel even the whole congregation" mark the reassembling of the people at the close of the 40 years, as the same words in Nu 13:26; 14:1, mark the commencement of the penal wandering.
The 38 intervening years are a blank, during which the covenant was in abeyance and the "congregation" broken up. The tabernacle and its attendant Levites, priests, and chiefs, formed the rallying point, moving from time to time to the different stations specified up and down the country as the people's head quarters. Qehelathah and Makhelot ("assembling," "assemblies") were probably places of extraordinary gatherings. At other times the Israelites were scattered over the wilderness of Paran as nomads feeding their flocks wherever they found pasture. This dispersion for foraging meets the objections raised on the ground of subsistence for such a multitude for so long. The plain er Rahah, W. of Sinai, now bare, is described by a traveler in the 16th century as a "vast green plain." The forests then existing tended to produce a greater rainfall and therefore better pasture than at present, when scarcely any wood is left (the Bedouins burning the acacias for charcoal).
Various events and enactments belonging to the 38 years' wandering (the law of the meat offering, the stoning of the Sabbath breaker, etc., Numbers 15; Korah's rebellion, etc., Numbers 16; Aaron's rod budding, Numbers 17; the Levites' and priests' charge and portion, Numbers 18; the red heifer water of separation, Numbers 19) are recorded in Nu 15-19. The last year in the wilderness, the 40th, is referred to in Nu 20-36. During the 38 years Israel trafficked in provisions with surrounding tribes (De 2:26-29). The desert of wandering was the highway of caravans between Egypt and the East. Fish was obtainable from the Red Sea. They were encamped close to it at Ezion Geber (Nu 33:35). Traces of a population and resources are found in parts of the wilderness where now there are neither.
The hardships alluded to (De 1:19; 2:3; 8:15) refer to the 4Oth year marches through the Arabah, which seemed the worse by contrast with the fertile plains of Moab which they next reached. Nu 21:4, "the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way." Down the Arabah between the limestone cliffs of the Tih on the W. and the granite of Mount Seir on the E. they were for some days in a mountain plain of loose sand, gravel, and granite detritus, with little food or water, and exposed to sandstorms from the shore of the gulf. This continued until a few hours N. of Akaba (Ezion Geber), where the wady Ithm opened to their left a passage in the mountains northward to fertile Moab. The mauna, the quails, and the water, are but samples of God's continuous care (De 8:4 ff, De 29:5).
The non waxing old of their raiment means God so supplied their wants, partly by ordinary and occasionally by miraculous means, that they never lacked new and untattered garments and shoes to prevent the foot swelling. Sheep, oxen, and traffic with tribes of the desert, ordinarily (under God's providence) supplied their need (Isa 63:11-14; Ne 9:21; Am 2:10). God often besides at Rephidim and Kadesh (Ex 17:1, etc., Numbers 20) interposed to supply water (Jg 5:4; Ps 68:7, etc.; Isa 35:1, etc., Isa 41:17; 49:9-10; Ho 2:14), and the Israelites from their stay in Egypt knew how to turn to best account all such supplies.
It was a period of apostasy (compare Eze 20:15 ff; Am 5:25, etc.; Ho 9:10). The Israelites probably made somewhat comfortable booths (as the booths erected in commemoration at the feast of tabernacles prove) and dwellings for themselves in their 38 years' stay (compare Ps 107:4,35-36). According to some they were the writers of the Sinaitic inscriptions in the wady Mokatteb, deciphered by Forster as recording events in their history at that time. Their stays in the several stations varied according to the guidance of the divine cloud from two days to a month or a year (Nu 9:22). The date palm (generally dwarf but abounding in sustenance), acacia, and tamarisk are often found in the desert. From the acacia (Mimosa Nilotica) came the shittim wood of the tabernacle and gum arabic.
The retem (KJV "juniper") or broom yields excellent charcoal, which is the staple of the desert. Ras Sufsafeh, the scene of the giving of the law, means willow head, willows abounding there, also hollyhocks and hawthorns, hyssop and thyme. The ghurkud is thought to be the tree cast by Moses into the Marah bitter waters; growing in hot and salt regions, and bearing a red juicy acidulous berry, but the fruit ripens in June, later than Israel's arrival at Marah. Mount Serbal may be named from its abounding in myrrh (ser). Spiritually, Rameses (dissolution of evil), Israel's starting point, answers to the penitent soul's first conviction of sin, haste to flee from wrath, and renunciation of evil. Israel's course first was straight for Canaan; so the believer's, under first impressions, is direct toward heaven. Succoth next, the place of booths, answers to the believer's pilgrim spirit (Heb 11:13-16).
Next Etham, their strength, the believer's confidence of never being moved (Ps 30:6-7). At Pihahiroth Israel, shut in between the wil
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the territory of the Canaanites [was] from Sidon {in the direction of} Gerar as far as Gaza, and {in the direction of} Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha.
And Abraham journeyed from there to the land of the Negev, and he settled between Kadesh and Shur. And he dwelled as an alien in Gerar.
And Moses said, "With our young and with our old we will go; with our sons and with our daughters, with our sheep and goats and with our cattle we will go because [it is] the feast of Yahweh for us."
And he cried out to Yahweh, and Yahweh showed him [a piece of] wood, and he threw [it] into the water, and the water became sweet. There he made a rule and regulation for them, and there he tested them.
And all the community of the {Israelites} set out from the desert of Sin for their journeys according to the command of Yahweh, and they camped in Rephidim, and there was no water for the people to drink.
And Amalek came and fought with Israel at Rephidim.
When [it was] two days, a month, {or a year} that the cloud prolonged to dwell on the tabernacle, the {Israelites} encamped, and they did not set out; when it lifted up they set out.
And it happened, in the second year, in the second month, on [the] twentieth of the month the cloud was lifted from upon the tabernacle of the testimony.
While the meat [was] still between their teeth, before it was consumed, Yahweh was angry with the people, and Yahweh struck a very great plague among the people. And he called the name of that place Kibroth Hattaavah because they buried the people that {were greedy}. read more. From Kibroth Hattaavah the people set out [to] Hazeroth; and they stayed in Hazeroth.
And afterward the people set out from Hazeroth, and they encamped in the desert of Paran.
So Moses sent them from the desert of Paran on the command of Yahweh; all of the men [were] {leaders} of the {Israelites}.
Moses sent them to explore the land of Canaan, and he said to them, "Go up [like] this to the Negev, and go up into the hill country,
Moses sent them to explore the land of Canaan, and he said to them, "Go up [like] this to the Negev, and go up into the hill country,
So they went up and explored the land from the desert of Zin until Rehob, at Lebo Hamath.
So they went up and explored the land from the desert of Zin until Rehob, at Lebo Hamath. They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai the descendants of the Anakites [were]. (Hebron was built seven years before Zoan [in] Egypt.)
They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai the descendants of the Anakites [were]. (Hebron was built seven years before Zoan [in] Egypt.)
They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai the descendants of the Anakites [were]. (Hebron was built seven years before Zoan [in] Egypt.) And they came up to the valley of Eshcol, and they cut off a vine branch and one cluster of grapes from there; they carried it on pole between two [men], [with] pomegranates and figs. read more. That place he called the valley of Eshcol on account of the cluster of grapes that the {Israelites} cut off from there. They returned from exploring the land at the end of forty days.
They returned from exploring the land at the end of forty days. And they came to Moses and Aaron and to the entire community of the {Israelites} in the desert of Paran at Kadesh; they brought back word to them and [to] all the community, and they showed them the fruit of the land.
And they came to Moses and Aaron and to the entire community of the {Israelites} in the desert of Paran at Kadesh; they brought back word to them and [to] all the community, and they showed them the fruit of the land.
And they came to Moses and Aaron and to the entire community of the {Israelites} in the desert of Paran at Kadesh; they brought back word to them and [to] all the community, and they showed them the fruit of the land.
And they came to Moses and Aaron and to the entire community of the {Israelites} in the desert of Paran at Kadesh; they brought back word to them and [to] all the community, and they showed them the fruit of the land.
Then all the community {lifted up their voices}, and the people wept during that night.
But they dared to go to the top of the mountain, and the ark of the covenant of Yahweh and Moses did not depart from the midst of the camp.
Then the entire community of the {Israelites} came [to] the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there.
Then the entire community of the {Israelites} came [to] the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there.
Then the entire community of the {Israelites} came [to] the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there.
Then the entire community of the {Israelites} came [to] the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there.
So Edom refused to give Israel passage through his territory, and Israel turned aside from him. And they set out from Kadesh. The {Israelites}, the whole community, came [to] Mount Hor.
And they set out from Kadesh. The {Israelites}, the whole community, came [to] Mount Hor. Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron on Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom, saying, read more. "Let Aaron be gathered to his people; he will not come into the land that I have given to the {Israelites} because you rebelled against {my word} at the waters of Meribah. Take Aaron and Eleazar his son, and take them up Mount Hor. Strip off Aaron's garments, and put them on Eleazar his son; Aaron will be gathered [to his people], and he will die there." So Moses did just as Yahweh commanded, and they went up to Mount Hor before the eyes of all the community. And Moses stripped off Aaron's garments and put them on Eleazar his son. Aaron died there on the top of the mountain; and Moses and Eleazar went down from the mountain.
Yahweh heard the voice of Israel; he gave [to them] the Canaanites, and {they destroyed them} and their cities. They called the name of the place Hormah. They set out from Mount Hor [by] the way of the {Red Sea} to go around the land of Edom; but {the people became impatient} along the way.
When Israel dwelled in Shittim, the people began to prostitute [themselves] with the daughters of Moab.
This is what your fathers did when I sent them from Kadesh Barnea to see the land.
They set out from Hazeroth and camped at Rithmah. They set out from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez.
They set out from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez. They set out from Rimmon Perez and camped at Libnah. read more. They set out from Libnah and camped at Rissah. They set out from Rissah and camped at Kehelathah. They set out from Kehelathah and camped at Mount Shapher. They set out from Mount Shapher and camped at Haradah. They set out from Haradah and camped at Makheloth. They set out from Makheloth and camped at Tahath. They set out from Tahath and camped at Terah. They set out from Terah and camped at Mithcah. They set out from Mithcah and camped at Hashmonah. They set out from Hashmonah and camped at Moserah. They set out from Moserah and camped at Bene-Jaakan. They set out from Bene-Jaakan and camped at Hor Haggidgad. They set out from Hor Haggidgad and camped at Jotbathah. They set out from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah. They set out from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber.
They set out from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber. They set out from Ezion Geber and camped in the desert of Zin, that [is], Kadesh.
They set out from Ezion Geber and camped in the desert of Zin, that [is], Kadesh. They set out from Kadesh and camped at Mount Hor, at the edge of the land of Edom. read more. Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the {command} of Yahweh, and he died there in the fortieth year after the {Israelites} had gone out from the land of Egypt, in the fifth month on the first [day] of the month.
Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the {command} of Yahweh, and he died there in the fortieth year after the {Israelites} had gone out from the land of Egypt, in the fifth month on the first [day] of the month.
Then they set out from Mount Hor and camped at Zalmonah. They set out from Zalmonah and camped at Punon. read more. They set out from Punon and camped at Oboth. They set out from Oboth and camped at Iye Abarim, the boundary of Moab. They set out from Iyim and camped at Dibon Gad. They set out from Dibon Gad and camped at Almon-Diblatayim. They set out from Almon-Diblatayim and camped in the mountains of Abarim, before Nebo. They set out from the mountains of Abarim and camped on the desert-plateau of Moab by the Jordan [across] Jericho. They camped by the Jordan, from Beth-Jeshimoth up to Abel Shittim, on the desert-plateau of Moab.
"Then we set out from Horeb, and we went [through] the whole [of] that great and terrible desert that you saw [on] the way [to] the hill country of the Amorites as Yahweh our God had commanded us, and [so] we came up to Kadesh Barnea.
So you returned and wept {before Yahweh}; but Yahweh did not listen to your voice and did not pay [any] attention to you.
So you returned and wept {before Yahweh}; but Yahweh did not listen to your voice and did not pay [any] attention to you. You stayed in Kadesh many days; such were the days that you stayed [there].
"[Then] we turned and set out [toward] the wilderness in the direction of the {Red Sea}, as Yahweh told me, and we went around Mount Seir [for] many days.
'[Long] enough you have been skirting this mountain; turn yourselves north,
"So I sent messengers from the wilderness of Kedemoth to Sihon king of Heshbon; [I sent] terms of peace, {saying}, 'Let me cross through your land [and] {only along the road} I will go; I will not turn aside to the right or [to the] left. read more. Food for money you shall sell me, so that I may eat, and water for money you will give to me, so that I may drink; just let me cross on foot. [Just as] the descendants of Esau did for me, who live in Seir, and the Moabites, who live in Ar, until I cross the Jordan into the land that Yahweh our God is giving to us.'
Your clothing did not wear out {on you}, and your feet did not swell [during] these forty years.
the one leading you in the great and terrible desert [infested] with {dangerous} snakes and scorpions and parched ground, where there is no water, [and] the one bringing out water for you from flint rock,
that he met you on the journey and attacked you, all those lagging behind you and [when] you were weary and worn out, and he did not fear God.
And I have led you forty years in the desert; your clothes [have] not worn out {on you}, and your sandal has not worn out {on your foot}.
Yahweh, when you went down from Seir, when you marched from the region of Edom, the earth trembled, the heavens poured down, the clouds poured down water.
And she said to them, "You should not call me Naomi; call me Mara, for Shaddai has {caused me to be very bitter}.
Forty years you sustained them in the desert--they were not in need. Their clothing did not wear out and their feet did not swell.
The voice of Yahweh shakes [the] wilderness. Yahweh shakes the wilderness of Kadesh.
But as for me, I had said in my prosperity, "I shall not be moved ever." O Yahweh, by your favor you caused my strong mountain to stand. You hid your face. I was bewildered.
I waited patiently for Yahweh, And he inclined to me and heard my cry for help. And [so] he brought me up from [the] roaring pit, from the miry clay. And he put my feet upon a rock; he made my steps steady. read more. Then he put a new song in my mouth, a praise to our God. Many will see and fear, and will trust Yahweh.
O God, when you went out before your people, when you marched through [the] desert, Selah
They also attached themselves to Baal of Peor, and they ate sacrifices offered to [the] dead.
They wandered in the wilderness, in a desert. They could find no way to a city to inhabit.
He turns a wilderness into a pool of water and a dry land into springs of water. And he settles [the] hungry there, so that they may establish a city to inhabit,
And you will say on that day, "I will give you thanks, Yahweh, for though you were angry with me, your anger turned away, and you comforted me. Look! God [is] my salvation; I will trust, and I will not be afraid, for my strength and might [is] Yah, Yahweh; and he has become salvation for me." read more. And you will draw water from the wells of salvation in joy.
And this shall happen: on that day, Yahweh will thresh from the floodwaters of the Euphrates to the wadi of Egypt, and [as for] you, you will be gathered one by one, sons of Israel.
Wilderness and dry land shall be glad, and desert shall rejoice and blossom like the crocus.
The poor and the needy [are] seeking water and [there is] none; their tongue is dried up with thirst. I, Yahweh, will answer them; I, the God of Israel, will not forsake them.
saying to the {prisoners}, "Come out!" to those who [are] in darkness, "Show yourselves!" they shall feed {along} [the] ways, and their pasturage [shall be] on all [the] barren heights. They shall not be hungry or thirsty, and heat and sun shall not strike them, for he who takes pity on them will lead them, and he will guide them to springs of water.
Then his people remembered the days of old, [of] Moses. Where [is] the one who led up them from [the] sea with the shepherds of his flock? Where [is] the one who puts {his Holy Spirit} inside him, {who made} his magnificent arm move {at} the right hand of Moses, {who divided} [the] waters {before them}, to make an everlasting name for himself, read more. {who led} them through the depths? They did not stumble like horse in the desert; like cattle in the valley [that] goes down, the Spirit of Yahweh {gave him rest}, so you lead your people to make a magnificent name for yourself.
And also {I myself swore} to them in the desert not to bring them into the land that I had given [to them], flowing with milk and honey--it [is the most] beautiful of all of the lands--
Therefore, Look! I [am] going to allure her and bring her [into] the desert, and {I will speak tenderly to her}.
Like the grapes in the wilderness, I found Israel. Like early ripened fruit on the fig tree in the first season, I saw your ancestors. They themselves came [to] Baal Peor, and they consecrated themselves to shame. And they became detestable things, like {the thing they love}.
And I brought you up from the land of Egypt, and I led you in the wilderness forty years to take possession of the land of the Amorite.
Did you bring to me sacrifices and offering those forty years in the desert, O house of Israel?
But whoever drinks of this water which I will give to him will never be thirsty for eternity, but the water which I will give to him will become in him a well of water springing up to eternal life."
Now on the last day of the feast--the great [day]--Jesus stood and cried out, saying, "If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me, and let him drink, the one who believes in me. Just as the scripture said, 'Out of his belly will flow rivers of living water.'" read more. Now he said this concerning the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were about to receive. For the Spirit was not yet [given], because Jesus had not yet been glorified.)
Jesus answered and said to him, "If anyone loves me he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him and {will take up residence with him}.
He will glorify me, because he will take from what [is] mine and will proclaim [it] to you.
Or do you not know that as many as were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? Therefore we have been buried with him through baptism into death, in order that just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so also we may live {a new way of life}. read more. For if we have become identified with [him] in the likeness of his death, certainly also we will be [identified with him in the likeness] of [his] resurrection, knowing this, that our old man was crucified together with [him], in order that the body of sin may be done away with, [that] we may no longer be enslaved to sin. For the one who has died has been freed from sin.
and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea,
You are our letter, inscribed on our hearts, known and read by all people, revealing that you are a letter of Christ, delivered by us, inscribed not with ink but with the Spirit of the living God, not on stone tablets but on tablets of human hearts. read more. Now we possess such confidence through Christ toward God. Not that we are adequate in ourselves to consider anything as from ourselves, but our adequacy [is] from God, who also makes us adequate [as] servants of a new covenant, not of the letter, but of the Spirit, for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life. But if the ministry of death in letters carved on stone came with glory, so that the sons of Israel were not able to look intently into the face of Moses because of the glory of his face, which was transitory,
in whom also you, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, in whom also when you believed you were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, who is the down payment of our inheritance, until the redemption of the possession, to the praise of his glory.
Therefore, brothers, [since we] have confidence for the entrance into the sanctuary by the blood of Jesus, [by the] new and living way which he inaugurated for us through the curtain, that is, his flesh,
These all died in faith without receiving the promises, but seeing them from a distance and welcoming [them], and admitting that they were strangers and temporary residents on the earth. For those who say such [things] make clear that they are seeking a homeland. read more. And if they remember that [land] from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return. But now they aspire to a better [land], that is, a heavenly [one]. Therefore God is not ashamed of them, to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city.
Be sober; be on the alert. Your adversary the devil walks around like a roaring lion, looking for someone to devour.
because everyone who is fathered by God conquers the world.
And they were singing the song of Moses, the slave of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying: "Great and marvelous [are] your works, Lord God All-Powerful; righteous and true [are] your ways, King of the ages!
in the middle of its street, and {on both sides of the river} [is] the tree of life, producing twelve fruits--yielding its fruit according to every month--and the leaves of the tree [are] for the healing of the nations.