Mark in the Bible

Meaning: polite; shiningpar

Exact Match

Now a large herd of [wild] hogs [i.e., about of them. See Mark 5:13] was grazing some distance away from them.

Verse ConceptsWeights And Measures, DistancesHerdsSwinePigsMany CreaturesAnimals Eatingdistancepork

So, the evil spirits [in one of the men. See Mark 5:1ff] begged Jesus, saying, "If you are going to drive us out [of this man], send us away into that herd of [wild] hogs."

Verse ConceptsBeggarsDemons, Punishment OfJesus Casting Out DemonsPigsDemonsThe DevilCasting Out Demonsporkjumping

[Upon His arrival] they brought to Him a man afflicted with a paralytic disease, [being carried on his cot. See Mark 2:3]. When Jesus saw [the evidence of] their faith [i.e., the man's four friends breaking open the roof and lowering him through it. See Mark 2:4-5], He said to the paralytic, "Son, cheer up, your sins are forgiven."

Verse ConceptsdiseasesHeart, HumanSin, And God's CharacterSonsParalyticsAttitudes Of FaithChrist's Knowledge Of BelieversBedsSaved By FaithChrist ForgivingGod Has ForgivenTake Courage!Overcoming ObstaclesNervousness

While Jesus spoke these things, a leader [of the Jewish synagogue, named Jairus. See Mark 5:22-43] came and worshiped Him, saying, "My daughter has just died, but if you come and place your hand on her, she will live [again]."

Verse ConceptsFeetChildren, examples ofBowingKneelingChildren, In Jesus MiraclesLaying On Hands To HealWhile Still SpeakingDeath Of Unnamed IndividualsThose Jesus HealedChildren In The Miracles Of Jesus Christ

But after the crowd was sent outside, Jesus entered [her room, along with her parents and three of His disciples. See Mark 5:37-40] and took her by the hand, and the young lady rose up [from the dead].

Verse ConceptsDead bodiesBodyHandsPersonal ContactCrowds AvoidedTaking By The HandGroups Sent AwayPeople Getting UpThose Jesus HealedFaith And HealingRemoving People From Your Life

Philip, Bartholomew [i.e., the same as Nathaniel. See John 1:45], Thomas [i.e., the same as Didymus. See John 11:16], Matthew, the tax collector [i.e., the same as Levi. See Mark 2:14], James, the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus [i.e., the same as Judas, son of James. See Luke 6:16],

Verse ConceptsTwin Brotherszealotstaxes

or a traveling bag [for personal belongings], or a change of jackets or shoes, or [even] a walking stick [Note: By comparing this and the restriction in Matt. 10:10 with the permission given in Mark 6:8, the harmony seems to be "if you do not already have a walking stick, do not get one"]. For the worker deserves having his food provided.

Verse ConceptsGiving, Of PossessionsSandalsValuesEmployeesShoesInner GarmentsParticular JourneysTwo Other ThingsFood Is FittingInstruction About ClothesWalking With A StaffWorkersSelf WorthWorth

A disciple is doing well if he can be [as good] as his teacher, and the slave [as good] as his master. If they have called the master of the house [i.e., Jesus] Beelzebub [i.e., the chief of evil spirits. See Mark 3:22], how much more [likely] will they call members of his household [i.e., the disciples] the same thing!

Verse ConceptsFalse Accusations, Examples OfChristlikenessBeelzebubGrowth Of EvilSlavesBecoming Like PeopleRelatives Also InvolvedAccused Of Being Demonised

The person who finds [everything to satisfy him in] this life [here on earth] will lose [never ending life]. But the person who [is willing to] lose [the comforts and security of] this life [here on earth] for my sake [i.e., in loyal service to me] will find it [i.e., never ending life]. [See Mark 10:29-30]

Verse ConceptsGiving, Of OneselfFindingCommitment, to Jesus ChristLife, HumanSuffering For Christ's SakeKeeping Oneself AliveFinding ThingsLosing One's LifeThe Surrendered lifelosing a loved oneFinding LoveLosing A FriendLosing FriendsBeing LostNever Giving UpLoss Of A Loved OneLosing SomeoneriskLife That Is Worth Living

There will stand up men of Nineveh at the Judgement together with the present generation, and will condemn it; because they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and mark! there is One greater than Jonah here.

Verse Conceptsevangelism, nature ofevangelists, identity ofPreaching, Effects OfGreatness Of ChristThe Final JudgementSigns Of RepentanceThe Dead Are RaisedJudgement

The Queen of the south will awake at the Judgement together with the present generation, and will condemn it; because she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and mark! there is One greater than Solomon here.

Verse ConceptsQueensSolomon, Character OfSouthOld Testament People As TypesGreatness Of ChristThe Final JudgementPeople From Far AwayThe Dead Are RaisedJudgmentsJudgement DayJudgementcondemnation

[Herod was so pleased with her performance that] he promised, with an oath, to give her whatever she asked for [i.e., with limitations. See Mark 6:23].

Verse ConceptsGiving To OthersPeople Promising

Then Jesus called the people to him, and said: "Listen, and mark my words.

Verse ConceptsCrowdsListeningAdvice, Receiving God's AdviceChrist Summoning

Just then a Canaanite woman came out of that area [Note: Mark 7:26 calls her a Syrophoenician Gentile], crying, "O Lord, son of David, have pity on me. My daughter is seriously troubled by an evil spirit."

Verse ConceptsDemon PossessionMaternal LoveBeggarsMercy, Of Jesus ChristSonsSpiritsJesus As Son Of DavidDemons Harming IndividualsBe Merciful!Those DemonisedDemons Causing TormentBeing A Woman Of GodharassmentDemonic Influence

But Jesus replied to her, "You [really] do not know what you are asking for. Are you able to drink the cup [i.e., of suffering] that I am about to drink?" They [i.e., James, John and their mother. See Mark 10:35ff] answered, "[Yes] we are able to."

Verse ConceptsCup Of SufferingBaptismBitterness

And He will send out His angels [i.e., as messengers] with the sound of a great trumpet [See I Thess. 4:16] to gather His elect [i.e., God's people] from all directions, [even] from throughout the whole world. [Note: See Mark 13:27, which suggests this thought by its use of 'earth' and 'sky']

Verse ConceptsElection, Description OfHeaven And AngelsAngels, Ministry To ChristGathered By GodFour WindsChrist SendingThe Gospel WorldwideTrumpets At The EndRebirth Of IsraelAccompanying The Second ComingWeed

and said, "What would you give me if I turned Jesus over to you?" And they weighed out thirty silver coins [Note: This amount was equivalent to about five months of a farm laborer's wages, or approximately $7,000 in 1994], and promised [See Mark 14:11] to give him that much money.

Verse ConceptsLove, Abuse OfProphecies Concerning ChristCoinsThirtyJudas Betraying ChristPrice Set On Individuals

But they did not find any [i.e., whose stories harmonized. See Mark 14:56], even though many false witnesses came [forward to testify]. Finally, two [false witnesses] came forward

Verse ConceptsTwo WitnessesNot FindingTwo WitnessesMany Deceivers And Deceived

saying, "Prophesy to us, you 'Christ.' Tell us who hit you?" [Note: By this time Jesus had been blindfolded. See Mark 14:65].

Verse ConceptsWho Is The Doer?Jesus The ProphetProphesy!

They stripped off His clothing and placed a scarlet robe on Him [Note: Mark 15:17 calls this a "purple" robe because in that day, any color with a mixture of "red" in it was often called "purple," so the use of "scarlet" was appropriate].

Verse ConceptsCrimsonClothingRobesPeople Stripping PeopleRed Clothes

they offered Jesus wine mixed with a bitter drug [i.e., for the purpose of dulling the pain of crucifixion. Mark 15:23 calls it "myrrh"], but when He tasted it He refused to drink it.

Verse Conceptsdrinking, abstention fromWineDrugs, Illegal NarcoticsProviding WineAnaestheticBitter FoodMixed WineAlcoholic BeveragesDrugs

Among them were Mary from Magdala; Mary, the mother of James and Joseph [i.e., probably the wife of Clopas. See John 19:25]; and the mother of James and John, the sons of Zebedee [i.e., Salome. Mark 15:40].

Verse ConceptsFriendship, Examples OfMothers And Sons

Now as the Sabbath day ended and the first day of the week [i.e., Sunday] approached [Note: See Mark 16:1-2 for the exact timing], Mary from Magdala and the other Mary [i.e., Jesus' mother. See Matt. 27:56] went to look at the grave site.

Verse ConceptsDawnGood FriendsThe First Day Of The WeekSundaySabbath, In NtFriendship, Examples OfDaybreakJesus TombAt DaybreakSabbath ObservedEarly RisingA New DayThe Empty Tomb Testifying His Resurrection

Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew [i.e., the same as Nathaniel. See John 1:45], Matthew [i.e., the same as Levi. See Mark 2:14], Thomas [i.e., the same as Didymus. See John 11:16], James, the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus [i.e., the same as Judas, the son of James. See Luke 6:16], Simon the Canaanean [i.e., the same as the Zealot. See Luke 6:15],

Verse ConceptsTwin Brotherszealots

Then Jesus called the people to him again, and said: "Listen to me, all of you, and mark my words.

Verse ConceptsCrowdsListeningChrist Summoning

And a certain young man [Note: Some think this is a reference to Mark himself], who had a linen outer garment thrown over his scantily clad body, was following Jesus until they [i.e., the soldiers and officers] took hold of him. [Note: The wording here does not indicate total nakedness, but rather the wearing of underclothing only]

Verse ConceptsFollowing Jesus ChristLinenIdentity In Christteenager

It was nine o'clock in the morning and they crucified Him. [Note: John 19:14 indicates that the crucifixion took place about noon. This can be harmonized if we take Mark's account to mean when the entire process began].

Verse ConceptsCrucifixion, Of ChristHourcrucifixion

So, He left the synagogue and entered Simon's [i.e., Peter's] house. Now Simon's mother-in-law was [in bed] stricken with a high fever. And they [i.e., Andrew, James and John, besides Peter. See Mark 1:29] begged Him [to do something] for her.

Verse ConceptsdiseasesMothers, Responsibilities OfPeter, The DiscipleSuffering, Nature OfMother In Laws

And when it became daylight He left [Simon's house] and went to a deserted place [i.e., to pray. See Mark 1:35]. The crowds were looking for Him and [upon finding Him] went to Him and tried to discourage Him from leaving them.

Verse ConceptsDawnHabitsSeeking ChristSolitudeCrowds SeekingLeaving

And it happened on one of those days [in Capernaum. See Mark 2:1], as He was teaching, that some Pharisees [i.e., a strict sect of the Jewish religion] and teachers of the law of Moses, who had come from every village of Galilee and Judea and from Jerusalem, were sitting around [i.e., listening to Him]. And the power of the Lord was with Him, enabling Him to heal people.

Verse ConceptsGod, Power OfPower, God's SavingVillagesPower Of Christ, ShownThe Power Of GodChrist TeachingJesus HealingPharisees Concerned About ChristAtmosphereThe power of Christ

Just then [four] men [See Mark 2:3] brought a paralyzed man on a cot and attempted to place him in front of Jesus.

Verse ConceptsParalyticsdiseasesBedsLowering PeoplePeople Carrying Live PeopleBringing Men To Jesus

Then after these things happened, Jesus went out [i.e., probably walking along a street] and saw a publican [Note: This was a person with a bad reputation for dishonest tax collecting activities] named Matthew [i.e., the same as Levi. See Mark 2:14] sitting at the toll booth [collecting taxes] and said, "Become my follower."

Verse ConceptsCommitment, to Jesus ChristChristlikenessApostles, Descriptiondiscipleship, nature ofInstructions About Followingtaxes

Matthew [i.e., the same as Levi. See Mark 2:14], Thomas [i.e., the same as Didymus. See John 11:16], James, the son of Alphaeus, Simon, called the Zealot [i.e., the same as the Cananean. See Matt. 10:4],

Verse ConceptsApostles, DescriptionJudaismTwin Brotherszealots

And when he saw Jesus, he fell at His feet [i.e., in worship. See Mark 5:6] and shouted out with a loud voice saying, "What do you want with me, Jesus, Son of the Highest God? I beg you, do not torture me."

Verse ConceptsExorcismsBeggarsShoutingTortureJesus Christ, Son Of GodIndividuals ShoutingThe First Sight Of ChristWhat Have We In Common?Bowing Before MessiahGod Troubling

He said to them, "Do not take anything with you during your travels; not [even] a walking stick [Note: By comparing this and the restriction in Matt. 10:10, with the permission given in Mark 6:8, the harmony seems to be "if you do not already have a walking stick, do not get one"], or a traveling bag [for personal belongings], or food, or money, or [even] two coats [Note: Mark 6:9 says, "take only one coat" confirming the idea that Jesus was saying, in effect, "do not take anything extra, go just as you are"].

Verse ConceptsInner GarmentsTwo Other ThingsInstruction About ClothesLacking MoneyNot EquippedWalking With A StaffMissionariesHindrancesEvangelismChanging Yourself

When the apostles returned they told Jesus what they had done. Then Jesus took them and went away privately to a town called Bethsaida. [Note: This town was on the east side of Lake Galilee, and apparently was a different "Bethsaida" from the one mentioned in Mark 6:45].

Verse ConceptsApostles, During Jesus Earthly MinistryRetirementTelling What People DidThe Apostles In Actionfeedback

But I tell you the truth, there are some people standing here who will surely not experience death until they see that God's kingdom has come [i.e., in a demonstration of power. See Mark 9:1]."

Verse ConceptsKingdom Of God, Coming OfProphecies Said By JesusTasteNot DyingDeath AvertedLooking At God's Works

Even the very dust, which cleaveth on us of your city, we wipe off against you: Notwithstanding, mark this, that the kingdom of God was come nigh upon you.

Verse ConceptsGesturesWiping DustPeople Abandoning PeopleGod's Blessings Are NearKnowing About God's Kingdom

The Queen of the South will awake at the Judgement together with the men of the present generation, and will condemn them; because she came from the extremity of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; but mark! One greater than Solomon is here.

Verse ConceptsQueensSouthGreatness Of ChristThe Final JudgementPeople From Far AwayThe Dead Are Raised

There will stand up men of Nineveh at the Judgement together with the present generation, and will condemn it; because they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and mark! One greater than Jonah is here.

Verse Conceptsevangelism, nature ofevangelists, identity ofPreaching, Effects OfStandingGreatness Of ChristThe Final JudgementThe Dead Are Raised

But I have an immersion to experience [i.e., overwhelming suffering to undergo. See Mark 10:38-39], and what stress I am under until it happens!

Verse ConceptsForeknowledgeBaptism, significance ofMission, Of Jesus ChristForeknowledge Of ChristAccomplishingChrist's BaptismBaptism

Then Jesus began speaking to the people. [Note: And perhaps to the religious leaders as well. See Mark 11:18 with 12:1]. He told them this parable: "A man planted a vineyard, then leased it out to tenant farmers and went to another country for a long time.

Verse ConceptsOccupationsFortsAfter A Long TimeLeasingFarming

And Jesus said to them [i.e., the Pharisees. See Matt. 22:41], "How is it that they [i.e., the experts in the law of Moses. See Mark 12:35] can say that the Christ [i.e., God's specially chosen one] is the son of David?

Verse ConceptsChrist's Origin

Then, as someone [i.e., of His disciples. See Mark 13:1], spoke of how the Temple was decorated with beautiful stones and objects dedicated as gifts, Jesus said,

Verse ConceptsAdornment, Of BuildingsBeauty, In ArtefactsBeauty Of ThingsStatus Of The Temple

And when they [i.e., the priest's servants] had built a fire in the middle of the courtyard, they sat down together [i.e., to warm themselves. See Mark 14:67], with Peter [sitting] among the group.

Verse ConceptsCourtyardPeople Sitting DownWarming

Then, as they were leading Jesus away, the soldiers [See Mark 15:16-21] grabbed hold of a man named Simon, from Cyrene [Note: This was a city in the northern African country of Libya], who was coming in from the countryside, and placed the cross [i.e., probably only the cross-beam portion] on him, so he could carry it while following Jesus.

Verse ConceptsBackCarrying The CrossOutward CompulsionThe Crosslungs

Now at early dawn on the first day of the week [i.e., early Sunday morning], the women [See Mark 16:1] went to Jesus' grave site, taking the spices which they had prepared [for His burial].

Verse ConceptsDawnembalmingSundayOintmentSepulchresThe First Day Of The WeekDaybreakJesus TombAt DaybreakEarly Rising

Then, on that same day, two disciples [See Mark 16:12] were [walking along], going to a village named Emmaus, which was about seven miles [northwest] of Jerusalem.

Verse ConceptsWeights And Measures, LinearTwo Disciples

For Jesus Himself testified that a prophet does not receive honor in his own country. [Note: Jesus' reference here to his "own country" means Judea, while in Matt., Mark and Luke it refers to Nazareth].

Verse ConceptsThe Witness Of ChristProphecy Ignored

So, [when] Jesus knew that the people were about to come and forcibly take Him and make Him [their] king, He left there again and went to the high plateau [to be] alone [i.e., to pray. See Mark 6:46].

Verse ConceptsHumility Of ChristChrist Knowing About PeopleMaking KingsOutward Compulsionmovement

Now standing near Jesus' cross were His mother; His mother's sister [i.e., Salome, the mother of James and John, the sons of Zebedee. See Matt. 27:55; Mark 15:40]; Mary the wife of Clopas [i.e., the mother of James and Joseph. See Matt. 27:55]; and Mary, from Magdala.

Verse ConceptsMaternal LoveLove, And The WorldExamples Of Mothers' LoveThe CrossDeath Of A MotherJesus Deathcrucifixion

the other disciples, therefore, said to him, 'We have seen the Lord;' and he said to them, 'If I may not see in his hands the mark of the nails, and may put my finger to the mark of the nails, and may put my hand to his side, I will not believe.'

Verse ConceptsFingersBodydoubtersdoubt, results ofIndecisionUnbelief, And Life Of FaithUnbelief, Examples OfNailsChrist's HandsSeeing The Risen ChristDoubting The ResurrectionFingers Of PeopleSide Of PeopleSigns Attending ChristCrucifixion, Of Christscars

Then Peter, surrounded by the eleven other Apostles, stood up, and, raising his voice, addressed the crowd. "Men of Judea," he began, "and all you who are staying in Jerusalem, let me tell you what this means. Mark well my words.

Verse ConceptsExplanationsCrowdsListeningPeter, The ApostleRevival, PersonalElevenPay Attention To People!uncertainty

And God gave Abraham the Agreement which required circumcision [as an identifying mark] so when Abraham fathered Isaac he circumcised him when he was eight days old. Then Isaac had a son, Jacob; and Jacob had [as sons] the twelve patriarchs [i.e., ruling fathers of families].

Verse ConceptsExclusivenessCircumcision, physicalThe Number TwelveSacramentsAbraham, God's Covenant WithLess Than A Year OldTwelve BeingsCircumcisionGifts Of GodGod's Covenant With The PatriarchsOther Gifts Of God

After arriving at Salamis [a town on the island], they proclaimed the message of God in the Jewish synagogues [there], with John [Mark] attending [to various details of their ministry].

Verse ConceptsCongregation

They had John Mark as an assistant; and after going through the whole island as far as Paphos, they found a certain Jewish sorcerer and false prophet, named Bar-Jesus,

Verse ConceptsExamples Of FaithDivination, Practiced ByTravelFalse Teachers, Examples OfFalse Apostles, Prophets And TeachersSorcery

Now Paul and his companions sailed from Paphos and arrived at Perga [a town in the province] of Pamphylia. [It was here that] John Mark left the party [of evangelists and attendants] and returned to [his home in] Jerusalem. [See 12:12].

Verse ConceptsSeafaringProvincesInstabilityPeople Abandoning PeopleMissionaries

for it is not the Jew in outward appearance, neither is it the external mark of circumcision:

Verse ConceptsLimitednessCommendationExternalsLiving Not For The MaterialTrue CircumcisionJews

Afterward he received the mark of circumcision as God's seal of his right standing with Him on condition of faith which he had before he was circumcised, that he might be the forefather of all who have faith while still uncircumcised, that they might have their faith credited to them as right standing with God;

Verse ConceptsCircumcision, spiritualPraiseSealsAbraham, God's Covenant WithAbraham, New Testament ReferencesReckoningRighteous By FaithRighteousness imputed

To say no more, it is a mark of moral failure among you to have lawsuits at all with one another. Why not rather suffer being wronged? Why not suffer being robbed?

Verse ConceptsdefeatRevenge, And RetaliationTypes Of ChristRobbing PeopleWronging Other PeopleInjusticeMoralityMoral Decay

Now I command married people, although it is [really] the Lord's command [See. Mark 10:2-12]: A wife should not separate from her husband. [Note: This act implies the intention of pursuing a legal and permanent breach of the marriage relationship by divorce. "Separate" and "divorce" appear to be used interchangeably in this section. See verses 11-15].

Verse ConceptsAdultery and Divorcedivorce, amongst believersSinglenessPeople PartingAvoid DivorceMarriage ControlledGod's OrdersCommunication In MarriageHusband And WifeMarriage Between Man And WomanLoving Your WifeRelationship TroublesMarriage KjvWifeReconciliationLove MarriageSex Before MarriageInfidelitySame Sex MarriageSexual PurityMan And WomanBeing SingleA Good HusbandLeaving Parents For Spousespousecouplesmarraigeadultrymatrimony

Has any one been called that had been circumcised? Let him not seek to remove the mark of circumcision. Has any one been called that had not been circumcised? Let him not be circumcised,

Verse ConceptsConsider Your Call To SalvationNecessity Of Circumcision

Do we not have the right to take a believing [i.e., a Christian] wife with us [on our preaching tours], just like the rest of the apostles, and the Lord's brothers do [i.e., James, Joseph, Judas and Simon. Mark 6:3], and Cephas [i.e., Peter]?

Verse ConceptsPeter, The ApostleBachelorsCompanionshipChrist's Earthly FamilyMarriage AllowedThe Apostles In ActionChristians Being Called Brothers

For mark the effects of this very thing--your having sorrowed with a godly sorrow--what earnestness it has called forth in you, what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what alarm, what longing affection, what jealousy, what meting out of justice! You have completely wiped away reproach from yourselves in the matter.

Verse ConceptsAffection, ExpressingeagernessPlea Of Innocence

I will not boast of any thing done without my province, but confine myself within that line by which God has mark'd out my bounds, and in which you are included.

Verse ConceptsPaul's BoastingBoastinglimitationsmeasurement

Therefore, remember that at one time you Gentiles by birth, who are called “Uncircumcision” by those who called themselves “Circumcision,” [itself a mere mark] which is made in the flesh by human hands—

Verse ConceptsCircumcision, physicalBodyLiving For The MaterialNecessity Of Circumcision

Aristarchus, my fellow prisoner, wishes to be remembered to you; as does Mark, the cousin of Barnabas (about whom you received instructions; if he comes to you, welcome him);

Verse ConceptsCousinsHospitality, A Duty Of God's PeoplePrisonersCompanionshipWelcoming Believers

which some men professing have missed the mark concerning the faith. Grace is with thee. Truly.

Thematic Bible



But Paul kept insisting that they should not take him along who had deserted them in Pamphylia and had not gone with them to the work.


as do Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, Luke, my fellow workers.

Only Luke is with me. Pick up Mark and bring him with you, for he is useful to me for service.

Aristarchus, my fellow prisoner, sends you his greetings; and also Barnabas's cousin Mark (about whom you received instructions; if he comes to you, welcome him); and also Jesus who is called Justus; these are the only fellow workers for the kingdom of God who are from the circumcision, and they have proved to be an encouragement to me.


And Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem when they had fulfilled their mission, taking along with them John, who was also called Mark.

When they reached Salamis, they began to proclaim the word of God in the synagogues of the Jews; and they also had John as their helper.

And when he realized this, he went to the house of Mary, the mother of John who was also called Mark, where many were gathered together and were praying.

Now Paul and his companions put out to sea from Paphos and came to Perga in Pamphylia; but John left them and returned to Jerusalem.


After some days Paul said to Barnabas, "Let us return and visit the brethren in every city in which we proclaimed the word of the Lord, and see how they are." Barnabas wanted to take John, called Mark, along with them also. But Paul kept insisting that they should not take him along who had deserted them in Pamphylia and had not gone with them to the work. read more.
And there occurred such a sharp disagreement that they separated from one another, and Barnabas took Mark with him and sailed away to Cyprus.


She who is in Babylon, chosen together with you, sends you greetings, and so does my son, Mark.


Aristarchus, my fellow prisoner, sends you his greetings; and also Barnabas’s cousin Mark (about whom you received instructions; if he comes to you, welcome him);