Reference: Numbers, The Book Of
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So called because the first three chapters contain the numbering of the Hebrews and Levites, which was performed separately, after the erection and consecration of he tabernacle. The rest of the book contains an account of the breaking up of the Israelites from Sinai, and their subsequent wanderings in the desert, until their arrival on the borders of Moab. It was written by Moses, B. C. 1451, and is the fourth book of the Pentateuch. See EXODUS.
Fausets
The book takes its name from the numberings (Numbers 1 and Numbers 26). The Hebrew name it from its first word waedaber, or its first distinctive word Bemidbar. It narrates Israel's stay in the desert from the law giving at Sinai (Le 27:34) to their mustering in Moab's plains before entering Canaan. The parts are four:
(1) Preparations for breaking up the camp at Sinai to march to Canaan (Numbers 1 - 10:10).
(2) March from Sinai to Canaan's border; repulse by the Amorites (Nu 10:11-14:45).
(3) Selected incidents and enactments during the 38 years' penal wandering (Nu 15-19).
(4) Last year in the desert, the 40th year after the Exodus (Nu 20;Nu 20:13).
Israel's first encampment near Kadesh was at Rithmah (from retem, the "broom") in midsummer, in the second year after the Exodus; there for 40 days they awaited the spies' report (Nu 13:20,25-26; 33:18-19, from verses 20 to 36 are the stages of penal wandering). On the first month of the 40th year they are at Kadesh once more. The tabernacle and Moses remained at Kadesh on the first occasion, while Israel attempted to occupy Canaan too late (Nu 14:44). For a long period ("many days") they stayed still here, after failure, in hope God would yet remit the sentence (De 1:45-46). Then they "compassed Mount Seir (the wilderness of Paran) many days," until that whole generation died (De 2:1). The 17 stations belong to that dreary period (Nu 33:19-36). The people spread about the ridges of Paran, while the tabernacle and camp moved among them from place to place. At the second encampment at Kadesh they stayed three or four months (Nu 20:1 with Nu 1:22-28; 33:38). Miriam died, and was buried there.
The people mustering all together exhausted the natural water supply; the smiting of the rock, and the sentence on Moses and Aaron followed (Nu 20:2 ff; Nu 20:12-13); from Kadesh Israel sent the message to Edom (Nu 20:14, etc.). On the messengers' return Israel left Kadesh for Mount Hor, where Aaron dies; then proceeded by the marches in Nu 33:41-49 round Edom to Moab. The camp and tabernacle, with the priests and chiefs, during the wanderings, were the nucleus and rallying point; and the encampments named in Nu 33:18-36 are those at which the tabernacle was pitched. Kehelathah ("assembling": Nu 33:22) and Makheloth ("assemblies") were probably stages at which special gatherings took place. During the year's stay at Sinai the people would disperse to seek food: so also during the 38 years' wandering. They bought provisions from neighbouring tribes (De 2:26-29). Fish at Ezion Geber (Nu 33:35) was obtainable.
Caravans passed over the desert of wandering as the regular route between the East and Egypt. The resources of the region sufficed in that day for a comparatively large population whose traces are found. The excessive hardships detailed De 1:19; 8:15, belong to the closing marches of the 40th year through the Arabah, not to the whole period (Nu 21:4). Between the limestone cliffs of the Tih on the W. and the granite range of Seir on the E. the Arabah is a mountain plain of loose sand and granite gravel, with little food or water, and troubled with sand storms from the gulf.
CHRONOLOGY. Numbers begins with the first day of the second month of the second year after they left Egypt (Nu 1:1). Aaron's death occurred in the first day of the fifth month of the 40th year (Nu 33:38), the first encampment in the final march to Canaan (Nu 20:22). Between these two points intervene 38 years and three months of wandering (De 2:14; Nu 14:27-35). Moses recapitulated the law after Sihon's and Og's defeat in the beginning of the eleventh month of the 40th year (De 1:3-4). Thus six months intervene between Aaron's death and Deuteronomy; in them the events of the fourth part of the Book of Numbers (Nu 20:1 to the end) occurred, excepting Arad's defeat. The first month mourning for Aaron occupies, Nu 20:29; part of the host in this month avenged Arad's attack during Israel's journey from Kadesh to Mount Hor.
Arad's attack would be while Israel was near, nor would be wait until Israel withdrew 60 miles S. to Mount Hor (Nu 20:23,25). His attack was evidently when the camp moved from Kadesh, which was immediately S. of Arad. He feared their invasion would be "by way of the spies," namely, from the same quarter as before (Nu 14:40-45; 21:1), so he took the offensive. The war with Arad precedes in time Numbers 20, Aaron's burial at Mount Hor, and is the first of the series of victories under Moses narrated from this point. (See HORMAH.) Next, from Mount Hor Israel compassed Edom by way of the Red Sea (Nu 21:4), a 220-mile journey, about four weeks, to the brook Zered (Nu 21:12), the first westward flowing brook they met, marking therefore an epoch in their march. Then follows Sihon's and Og's overthrow at Jahaz and Edrei, about the middle of the third of the six months.
Their defeat caused Balak to summon Balaam to curse Israel from "Pethor, which was on the river (Euphrates) in his native land" (so, Nu 22:5), at least 350 miles distant. Two months suffice for his ambassadors to go and return twice, and for Balaam's prophesying (Numbers 22-24). Israel probably was meanwhile securing and completing the conquest of Gilead and Bashan. Six weeks thus remain for Midian's seduction of Israel, the plague (Numbers 25), the second numbering on the plains of Moab (Numbers 26), and the attack on Midian (Numbers 31), God retributively scourging the tempters by their own victims: "beside those (kings) that fell in the battle they put to death the kings of Midian (five, namely) Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba" (Nu 31:8), "Balaam also they slew" judicially, not in battle. So Moses' death is foreannounced as to follow the vengeance upon Midian (Nu 31:2). Deuteronomy is his last testimony, just after the war, and before his death in the eleventh month of the 40th year.
AUTHOR AND DATE. The catalog of stages from Egypt to Moab (Nu 33:2) is expressly attributed to Moses. The living connection of special enactments with incidents which occasioned them proves that this characteristic mixture of narrative and legislation comes from a contemporary annalist. Leviticus completed the Sinai legislation, but the stay in tents in the wilderness required supplementary directions not originally provided, as Nu 19:14, also Numbers 5; Nu 9:6-14; Numbers 19 (Nu 19:11 the plague after Korah's rebellion necessitating ordinances concerning defilement by contact with the dead), Numbers 30; Numbers 36, the law of heiresses marrying in their tribe, being at the suit of the Machirite chiefs, as the law of their inheriting was issued on the suit of Zelophehad's daughters (Numbers 27), and that was due to Jehovah's command to divide the land according to the number of names, by lot (Nu 26:52-56). So the ordinances Nu 15:4, etc., Nu 15:22,24,32.
The author's intimate knowledge of Egypt appears in the trial of jealousy (Nu 5:11), the purifications of the priests (Nu 8:7, etc.), the ashes of the red heifer (Numbers 19); all having an affinity to, though certainly not borrowed from, Egyptian rites. So the people refer to their former Egyptian foods (Nu 11:5-6). The building of Hebron seven years before Zoan (Tanis: probably connected here because both had the scale builder, one of the Hyksos, shepherd kings of Egypt, who originally perhaps came from the region of the Anakim), the N.E. frontier town of Egypt (Nu 13:22). References to the Exodus from Egypt (Nu 3:13; 14:19; 15:41). The regulations for encamping and marching (Numbers 2; Nu 9:16; etc., Nu 10:1-28), and Moses' invocation (Nu 10:35-36).
The directions for removing the tabernacle (Numbers 3 and Numbers 4). The very inconsistency seeming between Nu 4:3,23,30, fixing the Levites' limit of age to 30, and Nu 8:24 appointing the age 25 (the reason being, the 30 was temporary, the number of able-bodied Levites between 30 and 50 sufficing for the conveyance of the tabernacle in the wilderness; but, when Israel was in Canaan, the larger number afforded by the earlier limit 25 to 50 was required: David enlarged the number, as the needs of the sanctuary service required, by reducing the age for entrance to 20 (1Ch 23:24-28), younger men b
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And {at eight days of age} you shall yourselves circumcise every male [belonging] to your generations [and] {the servant born in your house and the one bought from any foreigner} who is not from your offspring. {You must certainly circumcise} {the servant born in your house and the one bought from any foreigner}. And my covenant shall be with your flesh as an everlasting covenant.
So now, return the wife of the man, for he [is] a prophet, so that he will pray for you and you will live. And {if you do not return her}, know that you will certainly die, and all that [are] yours."
{And} on the way, at the place of overnight lodging, Yahweh encountered him and sought to kill him.
And Yahweh said to Moses, "See, I have made you [as] a god to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother will be your prophet.
And if the household is too small for a lamb, he and the neighbor nearest to his house will take [one] according to the number of persons; you will count out portions of the lamb {according to how much each one can eat}.
And also a {mixed multitude} went up with them and sheep and goats and cattle, very numerous livestock.
And Yahweh said to Moses, "Write this [as] a memorial in the scroll and {recite it in the hearing of} Joshua, because I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under the heavens."
And he said, "Because a hand [was] against the throne of Yah, a war [will be] for Yahweh with Amalek from generation [to] generation."
And you must keep the Sabbath, because it is holy for you; defilers of it will surely be put to death, because anyone who does work on it--that person will be cut off from among his people.
These [are] the commands that Yahweh commanded Moses for the {Israelites} on {Mount Sinai}.
Yahweh spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai, in the tent of assembly, on [the] first of the month, in the second year {after they came out} of the land of Egypt, saying,
Yahweh spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai, in the tent of assembly, on [the] first of the month, in the second year {after they came out} of the land of Egypt, saying,
From the descendants of Simeon, their genealogies according to their clans, according to {their families}, those who were counted according to [the] number of their names, every individual male from {twenty years old} and above, everyone who [is able] to go to war: those who were counted from the tribe of Simeon were fifty-nine thousand three hundred. read more. From the descendants of Gad, their genealogies according to their clans, according to {their families}, according to [the] number of names, from {those twenty years old} and above, everyone who [is able] to go to war: those who were counted from the tribe of Gad were forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty. From the descendants of Judah, their genealogies according to their clans, according to {their families}, according to [the] number of names, from {those twenty years old} and above, everyone who [is able] to go to war: those who were counted from the tribe of Judah were seventy-four thousand six hundred. From the descendants of Issachar, their genealogies according to their clans, according to {their families}, according to [the] number of names, from {those twenty years old} and above, everyone who [is able] to go to war:
All of the ones counted were six hundred and three thousand, five hundred and fifty.
because all [the] firstborn [are] mine; on the day of my killing all [the] firstborn in the land of Egypt, I consecrated for myself all [the] firstborn in Israel, {both humankind and animal}; they will be mine. I am Yahweh."
And all [the] firstborn males among the number of names from {one month} and above, the {ones counted}, [were] twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.
from {thirty years old} and above, up to {fifty years old}, everyone who comes to the service to do the work in the tent of assembly.
from {those twenty years old} and above until {fifty years old}; you will muster them, all who come to help to do the work of the tent of assembly.
from {those thirty years old} and above until {fifty years old}; you will muster them, all who come to do the work of the tent of assembly.
So you will do to them, to purify them: sprinkle on them waters of purification, and {they will shave their whole body} and wash their garments.
"This [is] what is for the Levites: {those twenty-five years old} and above will come to help [with the] service in the work of the tent of assembly;
Yahweh spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai, in the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt, in the first month, saying,
On the fourteenth day of this month {at twilight} you will perform it at its appointed time according to all its decrees; and according to all its stipulations you will observe it."
And it happened, men who were unclean {by a dead person} were not able to perform the Passover on that day. And they came {before} Moses and Aaron on that day. And those men said to him, "[Although] we [are] unclean {by a dead person}, why are we hindered from presenting the offering of Yahweh at its appointed time in the midst of the {Israelites}?" read more. Moses said to them, "Stay. I will hear what Yahweh commands to you." And Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, "Speak to the {Israelites}, saying, 'Each man that is unclean {by a dead person} or [is] on a far journey, you or your {descendants}, he will observe the Passover of Yahweh. On the second month on the fourteenth day {at twilight} they will observe it; they will eat it with unleavened bread and bitter plants.
On the second month on the fourteenth day {at twilight} they will observe it; they will eat it with unleavened bread and bitter plants. They will leave none of it until morning, and they will not break a bone in it; they will observe it according to every decree of the Passover.
They will leave none of it until morning, and they will not break a bone in it; they will observe it according to every decree of the Passover. But the man who [is] clean and not on a journey, and he fails to observe the Passover, that person will be cut off from the people because he did not present the offering of Yahweh on its appointed time. That man will bear his guilt. read more. If an alien dwells with you he will observe the Passover of Yahweh according [to] the decree of the Passover and according [to] its stipulation; thus you will have one decree for you, for the alien and for the native of the land.'"
Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, "Make yourself two silver trumpets; make them [of] hammered-work. {You will use them} for calling the community and for breaking the camp. read more. You will blow them, and all the community will assemble to the doorway of the tent of assembly. But if they blow only one, the leaders, the heads of the thousands of Israel, will assemble to you. [When] you will blow a blast, the camps that are camping on the east will set out; [when] you blow a second blast, the camps that are camping on the south will set out; they will blow a blast for their journeys. But when summoning the assembly, you will blow, but you will not signal with a loud noise. The sons of Aaron, the priests, will blow on the trumpets; this will be an eternal decree for your generations. If you go [to] war in your land against the enemy who attacks you, you will signal with a loud noise on the trumpets. You will be remembered {before} Yahweh your God, and you will be rescued from your enemies. "And on the day of your joy and in your appointed times, at the beginning of your months, you will blow on the trumpets in addition to your burnt offerings and in addition to the sacrifices of your fellowship offerings. And they will be as a memorial for you {before} your God; I [am] Yahweh your God." And it happened, in the second year, in the second month, on [the] twentieth of the month the cloud was lifted from upon the tabernacle of the testimony.
And it happened, in the second year, in the second month, on [the] twentieth of the month the cloud was lifted from upon the tabernacle of the testimony. And the {Israelites} set out for their journey from the desert of Sinai, and the cloud dwelled in the desert of Paran.
And the {Israelites} set out for their journey from the desert of Sinai, and the cloud dwelled in the desert of Paran. They set out {for the first time} on the command of Yahweh in the hand of Moses.
They set out {for the first time} on the command of Yahweh in the hand of Moses. The standard of the camp of the descendants of Judah set out for the first time according to their divisions, with Nahshon son of Amminadab over its division.
The standard of the camp of the descendants of Judah set out for the first time according to their divisions, with Nahshon son of Amminadab over its division. And Nathanel son of Zuar [was] over the division of the descendants of Issachar; read more. Eliab son of Helon [was] over the division of the tribe of the descendants of Zebulun. The tabernacle was taken down, and the sons of Gershon and the sons of Merari, the bearers of the tabernacle, set out. And the standard of the camp of Reuben according to their divisions; Elizur son of Shedeur [was] over their division. Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai [was] over the division of the sons of the tribe of Simeon. Eliasaph son of Deuel [was] over the division of the tribe of the descendants of Gad. The Kohathites, the bearers of the sanctuary, set out, and they set up the tabernacle before they arrived. And the stand of the camp of the descendants of Ephraim set out according to their divisions; Elishama son of Ammihud [was] over its division. Gamaliel son of Pedahzur [was] over the division of the tribe of the descendants of Manasseh. Abidan son of Gideoni [was] over the division of the tribe of the descendants of Benjamin. Then the standard of the camp of the descendants of Dan, who formed a rear guard for all the camps, set out according to their divisions; Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai [was] over its division. Pagiel son of Ocran [was] over the division of the tribe of the descendants of Asher. Ahira son of Enan [was] over the division of the tribe of the descendants of Naphtali. These [were] the departures of the {Israelites} according to their divisions; and so they set out.
And whenever the ark was setting out Moses would say, "Rise up, Yahweh! May your enemies be scattered; may the ones that hate you flee from your presence." And when it rested he would say, "Return, Yahweh, to the countless thousands of Israel."
The riff-raff that [were] in their midst {had a strong desire}; and the {Israelites} turned back and also wept, and they said, "Who will feed us meat? We remember the fish that we ate in Egypt for nothing, the cucumber, melon, leek, the onions, and the garlic. read more. But now {our strength is dried up}; there is nothing whatsoever except {for the manna before us}."
I will come down and speak with you there; I will take away from the spirit that [is] on you, and I will place [it] on them; and they will bear the burdens of the people with you; you will not bear it alone.
But Moses said to him, "Are you jealous for my sake? Would that he give all Yahweh's people prophets, that Yahweh put his spirit on them!"
Now the man, Moses, [was] more humble than any other person on the face of the earth,
and he said, "Please hear my words: If there is a prophet among you, I, Yahweh, will make myself known to him in a vision. I will speak to him in a dream.
"Send for yourself men, and let them explore the land of Canaan, which I [am about] to give to the {Israelites}; {from each tribe of his father send one man}, everyone a leader among them."
from the tribe of Joseph, from the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi son of Susi; from the tribe of Dan, Ammiel son of Gemalli;
and whether the land [is] fertile or lean, and whether there are trees on it or not. You will show yourself courageous, and you will take some of the fruit of the land." It [was] the time of first ripe grapes.
They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai the descendants of the Anakites [were]. (Hebron was built seven years before Zoan [in] Egypt.)
They returned from exploring the land at the end of forty days. And they came to Moses and Aaron and to the entire community of the {Israelites} in the desert of Paran at Kadesh; they brought back word to them and [to] all the community, and they showed them the fruit of the land.
And Caleb silenced the people before Moses and said, "Surely, let us go up and let us take possession of it because surely we will be able to prevail over it."
And Yahweh said to Moses, "How long until this people will despise me, and how long until they will not believe in me, [and] in all the signs that I have done in their midst?
And Yahweh said to Moses, "How long until this people will despise me, and how long until they will not believe in me, [and] in all the signs that I have done in their midst? I will strike them with disease, and I will dispossess them; I will make you into a greater and stronger nation than them."
I will strike them with disease, and I will dispossess them; I will make you into a greater and stronger nation than them." And Moses said to Yahweh, "Then the Egyptians will hear that you brought up this people from their midst in your power,
And Moses said to Yahweh, "Then the Egyptians will hear that you brought up this people from their midst in your power, and they will {tell it} to the inhabitants of this land. They heard that you, Yahweh, [are] in the midst of this people, that you are seen eye to eye, and your cloud [is] standing over them, and in a column of cloud you go before them by day and in a column of fire [at] night.
and they will {tell it} to the inhabitants of this land. They heard that you, Yahweh, [are] in the midst of this people, that you are seen eye to eye, and your cloud [is] standing over them, and in a column of cloud you go before them by day and in a column of fire [at] night. But if you destroy this people {all at once}, the nations that will have heard your message will say,
But if you destroy this people {all at once}, the nations that will have heard your message will say, 'Yahweh was unable to bring this people in the land that he swore by an oath, and he slaughtered them in the desert.'
'Yahweh was unable to bring this people in the land that he swore by an oath, and he slaughtered them in the desert.' But now, please, let the power of my Lord be great, just has you spoke, read more. 'Yahweh [is] {slow to anger} and great of loyal love, {forgiving} sin and rebellion; but surely he leaves nothing unpunished, visiting the sin of the fathers on the sons to the third and fourth generations.' Please forgive the sin of this people according to the greatness of your loyal love, just as you {forgave} this people, from Egypt until now."
Please forgive the sin of this people according to the greatness of your loyal love, just as you {forgave} this people, from Egypt until now." Yahweh said, "I have forgiven [them] according to your word; read more. but as I [am] alive, the glory of Yahweh will fill all the earth. But because all the men who have seen my glory and my signs that I did in Egypt and in the desert yet tested me these ten times and did not listen to my voice, they will not see the land that I swore by oath to their ancestors, and all those who despised me will not see it. But my servant Caleb, because another spirit was with him, he remained true after me, and I will bring him into the land that {he entered}, and his offspring will take possession of it. And the Amalekites and the Canaanites live in the valleys; tomorrow turn and set out [for] the desert [by] way of the {Red Sea}."
"How long [will I bear] this evil community who are grumbling against me? I have heard the grumbling of the {Israelites} which {they are making} against me. Say to them, 'Surely as I live,' {declares} Yahweh, 'just as you spoke {in my hearing}, so I will do to you; read more. in this desert your corpses will fall, and all your counted ones, according to all your number, from {twenty years old} and above who grumbled against me. You [yourselves] will not come into the land that {I swore by oath} to make you to dwell in it, but Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun. But your little children, whom you said would be plunder, I will bring them, and they will know the land that you rejected. But for you, all your corpses will fall in this desert. And your children will be shepherds in the desert forty years, and you will bear your unfaithfulness until {all your corpses have fallen} in the desert. According to the number of the days that you explored the land, forty days, {a day for each year}, you will bear your sins forty years, and you will know my opposition.' I, Yahweh, have spoken; I will surely do this to all this evil community who has banded together against me. In this desert they will come to an end, and there they will die."
But Joshua son of Nun and Caleb son of Jephunneh lived from [among] the men who went to explore the land. And Moses spoke words to all the {Israelites}, and the people mourned greatly. read more. They rose early in the morning and went to the top of the mount, saying, "Here we are. We will go up to the place that Yahweh said, because we have sinned." But Moses said, "Why [are] you going against the command of Yahweh? It will not succeed. You should not go up because Yahweh is not in your midst; do not let yourselves be defeated in the presence of your enemies, because the Amalekites and the Canaanites [are] there {before you}, and you will fall by the sword; because you have turned [back] from Yahweh, and Yahweh will not be with you." But they dared to go to the top of the mountain, and the ark of the covenant of Yahweh and Moses did not depart from the midst of the camp.
But they dared to go to the top of the mountain, and the ark of the covenant of Yahweh and Moses did not depart from the midst of the camp. So the Amalekites and the Canaanites who were living on the mountain descended, and they beat them down, up to Hormah.
"Speak to the {Israelites} and say to them, 'When you come into the land of your dwellings that I [am about] to give to you,
And the one who presents an offering for Yahweh, he will present a grain offering [of] finely milled flour; a tenth will be mixed with a fourth of the liquid measure [of] oil;
"Speak to the {Israelites} and say to them, 'When you come into the land to which I [am about] to bring you,
" 'But if you go astray and you do not follow all these commandments that Yahweh commanded to Moses,
and if it was done unintentionally {without the knowledge} of the community, then the entire community must prepare one {young bull} as a burnt offering, as a fragrance of appeasement for Yahweh, and its grain offering and its libation, according to the stipulation, and one male goat as a sin offering.
When the {Israelites} were in the desert, they found a man who was gathering wood on the day of the Sabbath.
When the {Israelites} were in the desert, they found a man who was gathering wood on the day of the Sabbath.
I [am] Yahweh your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to be your God; I [am] Yahweh your God."
" 'The one who touches a corpse of {any person} will be unclean for seven days.
" 'This [is] the law of a person who dies in a tent: everyone who comes into the tent and all who [are] in the tent will be unclean seven days.
Then the entire community of the {Israelites} came [to] the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there.
Then the entire community of the {Israelites} came [to] the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there. There was no water for the community, and they were gathered before Moses and Aaron.
and Moses and Aaron summoned the assembly to the presence of the rock, and he said to them, "Please listen, you rebels; can we bring out water for you from this rock?" Then Moses lifted up his hand and struck the rock with his staff twice. And abundant water went out, and the community and their livestock drank. read more. But Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, "Because you have not trusted in me, to regard me as holy {in the sight of} the {Israelites}, you will not bring this assembly into the land that I have given to them."
But Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, "Because you have not trusted in me, to regard me as holy {in the sight of} the {Israelites}, you will not bring this assembly into the land that I have given to them." Those [were] the waters of Meribah, where the {Israelites} quarreled with Yahweh, and he showed himself holy among them.
Those [were] the waters of Meribah, where the {Israelites} quarreled with Yahweh, and he showed himself holy among them. From Kadesh Moses sent messengers to the king of Edom: "Thus your brother Israel has said, 'You know all the hardship that has found us;
And they set out from Kadesh. The {Israelites}, the whole community, came [to] Mount Hor. Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron on Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom, saying,
All the community saw that Aaron died; so all the house of Israel wept for Aaron thirty days.
The Canaanite king of Arad, who was dwelling [in] the Negev, heard that Israel came [along] the way of Atharim; he fought against Israel and took some of them captive.
They set out from Mount Hor [by] the way of the {Red Sea} to go around the land of Edom; but {the people became impatient} along the way.
They set out from Mount Hor [by] the way of the {Red Sea} to go around the land of Edom; but {the people became impatient} along the way.
From there they set out and encamped at the valley of Zered. From there they set out and encamped beyond Arnon, which [is] in the desert that goes out from the boundary of the Amorites, because Arnon [is] the boundary of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites. read more. Therefore thus it is said in the scroll of the Wars of Yahweh, "Waheb in Suphah, and the wadis of Arnon,
Therefore thus it is said in the scroll of the Wars of Yahweh, "Waheb in Suphah, and the wadis of Arnon,
Thus the ones who quote proverbs say, "Come [to] Heshbon! Let it be built! And let the city of Sihon be established. Because fire went out from Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon; it consumed Ar of Moab, the lords of the high places of Arnon. read more. Woe to you, Moab! You have perished, people of Chemosh. He has given his sons as fugitives, and his daughters into captivity, to the king of the Amorites, Sihon. We destroyed them; Heshbon has perished up to Dibon; we laid waste up to Nophah, which {reaches} Medeba."
He sent messengers to Balaam son of Beor [at] Pethor, which [is] by the river, in the land of the children of his people, to summon him, saying, "Look! A people went out from Egypt. Look! They cover {the surface of the land}; they [are about] to dwell opposite me.
And behold, a man from the {Israelites} came and brought to his brothers Midianite woman before the eyes of Moses and before the eyes of all of the community of the {Israelites}, and they [were] weeping [at] the doorway of the tent of assembly.
The name of the man of Israel who was struck with the Midianite woman [was] Zimri son of Salu, a leader of {the family} of the Simeonites.
Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, "For these the land must be divided as an inheritance according to the number of names. read more. For the larger group you must increase their inheritance, and for the smaller group you must make smaller their inheritance; each must be given {their} inheritance according to the number of the ones counted of them. Surely the land will be divided by lot. They will inherit according to the names of the tribes of their ancestors. {Their} inheritance must be divided according to the lot between the larger and smaller [groups]."
"Seek vengeance for the {Israelites} on the Midianites; afterward you will be gathered to your people."
They killed the kings of Midian in addition to the ones they had slain: Evi and Rekem and Zur and Hur and Reba, the five kings of Midian; they also killed Balaam son of Beor by the sword.
They killed the kings of Midian in addition to the ones they had slain: Evi and Rekem and Zur and Hur and Reba, the five kings of Midian; they also killed Balaam son of Beor by the sword.
Moses wrote down their movements according to their journeys on the command of Yahweh, and these [are] their journeys according to their movements.
They set out from Hazeroth and camped at Rithmah. They set out from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez.
They set out from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez. They set out from Rimmon Perez and camped at Libnah.
They set out from Rimmon Perez and camped at Libnah. They set out from Libnah and camped at Rissah.
They set out from Libnah and camped at Rissah. They set out from Rissah and camped at Kehelathah.
They set out from Rissah and camped at Kehelathah. They set out from Kehelathah and camped at Mount Shapher.
They set out from Kehelathah and camped at Mount Shapher. They set out from Mount Shapher and camped at Haradah.
They set out from Mount Shapher and camped at Haradah. They set out from Haradah and camped at Makheloth.
They set out from Haradah and camped at Makheloth. They set out from Makheloth and camped at Tahath.
They set out from Makheloth and camped at Tahath. They set out from Tahath and camped at Terah.
They set out from Tahath and camped at Terah. They set out from Terah and camped at Mithcah.
They set out from Terah and camped at Mithcah. They set out from Mithcah and camped at Hashmonah.
They set out from Mithcah and camped at Hashmonah. They set out from Hashmonah and camped at Moserah.
They set out from Hashmonah and camped at Moserah. They set out from Moserah and camped at Bene-Jaakan.
They set out from Moserah and camped at Bene-Jaakan. They set out from Bene-Jaakan and camped at Hor Haggidgad.
They set out from Bene-Jaakan and camped at Hor Haggidgad. They set out from Hor Haggidgad and camped at Jotbathah.
They set out from Hor Haggidgad and camped at Jotbathah. They set out from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah.
They set out from Jotbathah and camped at Abronah. They set out from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber.
They set out from Abronah and camped at Ezion Geber. They set out from Ezion Geber and camped in the desert of Zin, that [is], Kadesh.
They set out from Ezion Geber and camped in the desert of Zin, that [is], Kadesh.
Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the {command} of Yahweh, and he died there in the fortieth year after the {Israelites} had gone out from the land of Egypt, in the fifth month on the first [day] of the month.
Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the {command} of Yahweh, and he died there in the fortieth year after the {Israelites} had gone out from the land of Egypt, in the fifth month on the first [day] of the month.
Then they set out from Mount Hor and camped at Zalmonah. They set out from Zalmonah and camped at Punon. read more. They set out from Punon and camped at Oboth. They set out from Oboth and camped at Iye Abarim, the boundary of Moab. They set out from Iyim and camped at Dibon Gad. They set out from Dibon Gad and camped at Almon-Diblatayim. They set out from Almon-Diblatayim and camped in the mountains of Abarim, before Nebo. They set out from the mountains of Abarim and camped on the desert-plateau of Moab by the Jordan [across] Jericho. They camped by the Jordan, from Beth-Jeshimoth up to Abel Shittim, on the desert-plateau of Moab.
{And it was} in the fortieth year, on the eleventh month, on [the] first [day] of the month, Moses spoke to the {Israelites} according to all that Yahweh had instructed him [to speak] to them. [This happened] {after defeating} Sihon king of the Amorites, who [was] reigning in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, who [was] reigning in Ashtaroth in Edrei.
"Then we set out from Horeb, and we went [through] the whole [of] that great and terrible desert that you saw [on] the way [to] the hill country of the Amorites as Yahweh our God had commanded us, and [so] we came up to Kadesh Barnea.
Even with me Yahweh was angry because of you, saying, 'Not even you shall enter there.
So you returned and wept {before Yahweh}; but Yahweh did not listen to your voice and did not pay [any] attention to you. You stayed in Kadesh many days; such were the days that you stayed [there].
"[Then] we turned and set out [toward] the wilderness in the direction of the {Red Sea}, as Yahweh told me, and we went around Mount Seir [for] many days.
Now the {length of time} that we had traveled from Kadesh Barnea until [the time when] we crossed the wadi of Zered [was] thirty-eight years, until the perishing of all of that generation; [that is], the men of war from the midst of the camp as Yahweh had sworn to them.
"So I sent messengers from the wilderness of Kedemoth to Sihon king of Heshbon; [I sent] terms of peace, {saying}, 'Let me cross through your land [and] {only along the road} I will go; I will not turn aside to the right or [to the] left. read more. Food for money you shall sell me, so that I may eat, and water for money you will give to me, so that I may drink; just let me cross on foot. [Just as] the descendants of Esau did for me, who live in Seir, and the Moabites, who live in Ar, until I cross the Jordan into the land that Yahweh our God is giving to us.'
the one leading you in the great and terrible desert [infested] with {dangerous} snakes and scorpions and parched ground, where there is no water, [and] the one bringing out water for you from flint rock,
"You shall not abhor an Edomite, because he [is] your brother; you shall not abhor an Egyptian because you were an alien in his land. The children [that] are born to them [in] the third generation may come {representing them} in the assembly of Yahweh.
from Aroer, which [is] on the edge of the wadi of Arnon, and the city which [is] in the middle of the wadi, and all the plateau [from] Medeba up to Dibon; and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon up to the border of the {Ammonites}; read more. and Gilead, and the border of the Geshurite and the Maacathites, all of {Mount Hermon}, and Bashan up to Salecah; all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei--he was left over from the survivors of the Rephaim; these Moses had defeated and driven out. But the {Israelites} did not drive out the Geshurites or the Maacathites; Geshur and Maacah live among Israel to this day. Only the tribe of Levites Moses did not give an inheritance; the offerings made by fire to Yahweh the God of Israel [are] their inheritance, just as he promised to them. Moses gave [an inheritance] to the tribe of the descendants of Reuben according to their families.
Heshbon and its cities that [are] on the plateau; Dibon, Bamoth Baal, Beth Baal Meon,
Now the boy Samuel was serving Yahweh {in the presence} of Eli. The word of Yahweh was rare in those days; visions were not widespread.
(Formerly in Israel, when a man went to inquire of God, he would say: "Come, let us go up to the seer." For the prophet of today was formerly called a seer.)
Then the king said to Zadok the priest, "[Are] you a seer? Return to the city in peace, [with] Ahimaaz your son and Jonathan the son of Abiathar, your two sons with you.
And Sheshan had no sons, only daughters, but Sheshan had an Egyptian slave, and his name [was] Jarha. So Sheshan gave his daughter to Jarha his slave for a wife, and she bore to him Attai.
These [were] the sons of Levi according to the house of their fathers, the heads of the {families}, according to their enrollment, by the number of the names, according to their head count, [who were to] do the work of the service of the house of Yahweh, from twenty years old and above. For David said, "Yahweh, the God of Israel, has given rest to his people, and he dwells in Jerusalem forever. read more. And also, the Levites do not [need] to carry the tabernacle and all its vessels for its service." For by the last words of David, they [are] the number of the sons of Levi, from twenty years old and above. For their station [was] {to assist} the sons of Aaron with the service of the house of Yahweh, over the courtyards, over the chambers, and over the cleansing of all the sanctified objects, and [with] the work of the service of the house of God,
[How often] are they like straw {before} the wind, and like chaff that [the] storm carries away?
Take my yoke on you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.