Reference: Redeemer
American
A name given to Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world, because he redeems mankind from the bondage and guilt of their sins, by dying in their place, and thus paying their ransom, Mt 20:28; Ga 3:13; Eph 1:7; 1Ti 2:6; Tit 2:14; 1Pe 1:18-19; Re 5:9. In the law of Moses, Le 25:25,48, this title is given to one who has the right of redemption in an inheritance, especially to a near kinsman, who may redeem it from a stranger or any Jew who had bought it. Such was Boaz, who, being one of the nearest relations of Elimelech, married Ruth the heiress of Elimelech, and thereby reentered into the possession of her estate. Jeremiah redeemed the field of his nephew Hanameel, which was on the point of being sold to another, Jer 32:7-8. So Christ became a partaker of flesh and blood, that as our near kinsman he might redeem for us the heavenly inheritance, Job 19:25-26.
The nearest kinsman was also called the redeemer of blood-in our English translation, the avenger, or revenger of blood; and had a right to revenge the blood of his murdered kinsman, Nu 35:12,19,21; De 19:6,12. To protect the innocent from these avengers, or redeemers, God appointed cities of refuge throughout Israel. See REFUGE.
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If your brother becomes poor, and has to give up some of his land for money, his nearest relation may come and get back that which his brother has given up.
After he has given himself he has the right to be made free, for a price, by one of his brothers,
In these towns you may be safe from him who has the right of punishment; so that death may not overtake the taker of life till he has been judged by the meeting of the people.
He whose right it is to give punishment for blood, may himself put to death the taker of life when he comes face to face with him.
Or in hate gave him blows with his hand, causing death; he who gave the death-blow is to be put to death; he is a taker of life: he whose right it is to give punishment for blood may put to death the taker of life when he comes face to face with him.
For if not, he who has the right of punishment may go running after the taker of life in the heat of his wrath, and overtake him because the way is long, and give him a death-blow; though it is not right for him to be put to death because he was not moved by hate.
The responsible men of his town are to send and take him, and give him up to the one who has the right of punishment to be put to death.
But I am certain that he who will take up my cause is living, and that in time to come he will take his place on the dust; And ... without my flesh I will see God;
See, Hanamel, the son of Shallum, your father's brother, will come to you and say, Give the price and get for yourself my property in Anathoth: for you have the right of the nearest relation. So Hanamel, the son of my father's brother, came to me, as the Lord had said, to the place of the armed watchmen, and said to me, Give the price and get my property which is in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin: for you have the nearest relation's right to the heritage; so get it for yourself. Then it was clear to me that this was the word of the Lord.
Even as the Son of man did not come to have servants, but to be a servant, and to give his life for the salvation of men.
Christ has made us free from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us: because it is said in the Writings, A curse on everyone who is put to death by hanging on a tree:
In whom we have salvation through his blood, the forgiveness of our sins, through the wealth of his grace,
Who gave himself for us, so that he might make us free from all wrongdoing, and make for himself a people clean in heart and on fire with good works.
And their voices are sounding in a new song, saying, It is right for you to take the book and to make it open: for you were put to death and have made an offering to God of your blood for men of every tribe, and language, and people, and nation,
Easton
Heb goel; i.e., one charged with the duty of restoring the rights of another and avenging his wrongs (Le 25:48-49; Nu 5:8; Ru 4:1; Job 19:25; Ps 19:14; 78:35, etc.). This title is peculiarly applied to Christ. He redeems us from all evil by the payment of a ransom (q.v.). (See Redemption.)
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After he has given himself he has the right to be made free, for a price, by one of his brothers, Or his father's brother, or the son of his father's brother, or any near relation; or if he gets money, he may make himself free.
But if the man has no relation to whom the payment may be made, then the payment for sin made to the Lord will be the priest's, in addition to the sheep offered to take away his sin.
And Boaz went up to the public place of the town, and took his seat there: and the near relation of whom he had been talking came by; and Boaz, crying out to him by name, said, Come and be seated here. And he came and was seated.
But I am certain that he who will take up my cause is living, and that in time to come he will take his place on the dust;
Let the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be pleasing in your eyes, O Lord, my strength and my salvation.
In the memory that God was their Rock, and the Most High God their saviour.
Fausets
(See RANSOM.) Redeem, Hebrew padhah and gaal. The goel, nearest of kin, had three rights:
(1) To purchase back the forfeited inheritance for an Israelite who, through poverty, had sold his land; as Boaz ("might in him"; the name of one of the two temple pillars; a type of Christ) did for Ruth (Ru 4:3-5); or to hold land in possession for an impoverished kinsman until the year of Jubilee, when it should revert to the original owner (Le 25:10,13-16,24-28). Antitypically, man the heir of all things bartered his magnificent birthright for vanity; Christ, by assuming our manhood, became our go'el, and saved us from being disinherited forever (Heb 2:9-15); the full restoration of the inheritance is to be at "the times of restitution of all things" (Ac 3:21; Mt 19:28), the grand last Jubilee (Isa 61:2-4); ushered in, as the Israelite Jubilee, with the great trumpet (Re 11:15; 1Co 15:52; 1Th 4:16; Isa 27:13).
(2) The goel ransomed his kinsman from bondage to the foreigner (Le 25:47-49). So man sold himself to Satan's bondage; Jesus has (at the price of His precious blood, 1Pe 1:18-19) ransomed "the lawful captive delivered" (Isa 49:24).
(3) The goel avenged the death of his slain kinsman as a point of honor. So our Redeemer "through death has destroyed Satan (man's "murderer from the beginning", Joh 8:44) who had the power of death," and has delivered us from everlasting "bondage" to him (Heb 2:14-15; Ho 13:14). Our Boaz has not "left off His kindness to the living and to the dead" (Ru 2:20); translated Job 19:25-27 "I know that my Redeemer (vindicator, avenger; redressing my wrongs on Satan their inflicter) liveth, and that He shall arise the Last (1Co 15:45; Re 1:17) above the dust (with which is mingled man's crumbling body: 1Co 15:20,23; Ro 8:23; Eph 1:14), and though after my skin (is destroyed) this (body) is destroyed, yet from my flesh (mibesari; as from a window, Song 2:9) shall I see God, whom I shall see for myself (on my side), no longer estranged" (zar) from me.
The redemption of our now weak body will be our grand vindication from present wrongs such as Job's. As the body (not merely the soul) was the sufferer, the body's restoration in incorruption must be the vindication; this alone would disprove the imputation of guilt thrown on Job because of its sufferings. Job elsewhere hoped for the resurrection after his being "hidden in the grave" for a time (Job 14:13-15; Joh 5:21-26,28; Isa 26:19-21; Ps 17:15). The Egyptian myth of Osiris and his son Horus in the "Ritual of the Dead" strikingly confirms the primitive revelation of the promised Redeemer, of which it is the corruption. Horus as Ra was "creator"; as Teti, the "redeemer from the power" of Apophis the "serpent", and of Typhoon the "hippopotamus", representatives of the evil being; as Nets, Horus is "the deliverer of the justified".
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And let this fiftieth year be kept holy, and say publicly that everyone in the land is free from debt: it is the Jubilee, and every man may go back to his heritage and to his family.
In this year of Jubilee, let every man go back to his heritage. And in the business of trading goods for money, do no wrong to one another. read more. Let your exchange of goods with your neighbours have relation to the number of years after the year of Jubilee, and the number of times the earth has given her produce. If the number of years is great, the price will be increased, and if the number of years is small, the price will be less, for it is the produce of a certain number of years which the man is giving you.
Wherever there is property in land, the owner is to have the right of getting it back. If your brother becomes poor, and has to give up some of his land for money, his nearest relation may come and get back that which his brother has given up. read more. And if he has no one to get it back for him, and later he himself gets wealth and has enough money to get it back; Then let him take into account the years from the time when he gave it up, and make up the loss for the rest of the years to him who took it, and so get back his property. But if he is not able to get it back for himself, then it will be kept by him who gave a price for it, till the year of Jubilee; and in that year it will go back to its first owner and he will have his property again.
And if one from another nation living among you gets wealth, and your countryman, at his side, becomes poor and gives himself for money to the man from another nation or to one of his family; After he has given himself he has the right to be made free, for a price, by one of his brothers, read more. Or his father's brother, or the son of his father's brother, or any near relation; or if he gets money, he may make himself free.
And Naomi said to her daughter-in-law, May the blessing of the Lord, who has at all times been kind to the living and to the dead, be on him. And Naomi said to her, The man is of our family, one of our near relations.
Then he said to the near relation, Naomi, who has come back from the country of Moab, is offering for a price that bit of land which was our brother Elimelech's: And it was in my mind to give you the chance of taking it, with the approval of those seated here and of the responsible men of my people. If you are ready to do what it is right for a relation to do, then do it: but if you will not do it, say so to me now; for there is no one who has the right to do it but you, and after you myself. And he said, I will do it. read more. Then Boaz said, On the day when you take this field, you will have to take with it Ruth, the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, so that you may keep the name of the dead living in his heritage.
If only you would keep me safe in the underworld, putting me in a secret place till your wrath is past, giving me a fixed time when I might come to your memory again! If death takes a man, will he come to life again? All the days of my trouble I would be waiting, till the time came for me to be free. read more. At the sound of your voice I would give an answer, and you would have a desire for the work of your hands.
But I am certain that he who will take up my cause is living, and that in time to come he will take his place on the dust; And ... without my flesh I will see God; read more. Whom I will see on my side, and not as one strange to me. My heart is broken with desire.
My loved one is like a roe; see, he is on the other side of our wall, he is looking in at the windows, letting himself be seen through the spaces.
Your dead will come back; their dead bodies will come to life again. Those in the dust, awaking from their sleep, will send out a song; for your dew is a dew of light, and the earth will give birth to the shades. Come, my people, into your secret places, and let your doors be shut: keep yourself safe for a short time, till his wrath is over. read more. For the Lord is coming out of his place to send punishment on the people of the earth for their evil-doing: the earth will let the blood drained out on her be seen, and will keep her dead covered no longer.
And it will be in that day that a great horn will be sounded; and those who were wandering in the land of Assyria, and those who had been sent away into the land of Egypt, will come; and they will give worship to the Lord in the holy mountain at Jerusalem.
Will the goods of war be taken from the strong man, or the prisoners of the cruel one be let go?
To give knowledge that the year of the Lord's good pleasure has come, and the day of punishment from our God; to give comfort to all who are sad; To give them a fair head-dress in place of dust, the oil of joy in place of the clothing of grief, praise in place of sorrow; so that they may be named trees of righteousness, the planting of the Lord, and so that he may have glory. read more. And they will be building again the old broken walls, and will make new the old waste places, and will put up again the towns which have been waste for long generations.
I will give the price to make them free from the power of the underworld, I will be their saviour from death: O death! where are your pains? O underworld! where is your destruction? my eyes will have no pity.
And Jesus said to them, Truly I say to you that in the time when all things are made new, and the Son of man is seated in his glory, you who have come after me will be seated on twelve seats, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
In the same way, as the Father gives life to the dead, even so the Son gives life to those to whom he is pleased to give it. The Father is not the judge of men, but he has given all decisions into the hands of the Son; read more. So that all men may give honour to the Son even as they give honour to the Father. He who gives no honour to the Son gives no honour to the Father who sent him. Truly I say to you, The man whose ears are open to my word and who has faith in him who sent me, has eternal life; he will not be judged, but has come from death into life. Truly I say to you, The time is coming, it has even now come, when the voice of the Son of God will come to the ears of the dead, and those hearing it will have life. For even as the Father has life in himself, so he has given to the Son to have life in himself.
Do not be surprised at this: for the time is coming when his voice will come to all who are in the place of the dead,
You are the children of your father the Evil One and it is your pleasure to do his desires. From the first he was a taker of life; and he did not go in the true way because there is no true thing in him. When he says what is false, it is natural to him, for he is false and the father of what is false.
Who is to be kept in heaven till the time when all things are put right, of which God has given word by the mouth of his holy prophets, who have been from the earliest times.
And not only so, but we who have the first fruits of the Spirit, even we have sorrow in our minds, waiting for the time when we will take our place as sons, that is, the salvation of our bodies.
But now Christ has truly come back from the dead, the first-fruits of those who are sleeping.
But every man in his right order: Christ the first-fruits; then those who are Christ's at his coming.
And so it is said, The first man Adam was a living soul. The last Adam is a life-giving spirit.
Which is the first-fruit of our heritage, till God gets back that which is his, to the praise of his glory.
But we see him who was made a little lower than the angels, even Jesus, crowned with glory and honour, because he let himself be put to death so that by the grace of God he might undergo death for all men. Because it was right for him, for whom and through whom all things have being, in guiding his sons to glory, to make the captain of their salvation complete through pain. read more. For he who makes holy and those who are made holy are all of one family; and for this reason it is no shame for him to give them the name of brothers, Saying, I will give the knowledge of your name to my brothers, I will make a song of praise to you before the church. And again he says, I will put my faith in him. And again, See, I am here, and the children which God has given to me. And because the children are flesh and blood, he took a body himself and became like them; so that by his death he might put an end to him who had the power of death, that is to say, the Evil One;
And because the children are flesh and blood, he took a body himself and became like them; so that by his death he might put an end to him who had the power of death, that is to say, the Evil One; And let those who all their lives were in chains because of their fear of death, go free.
And let those who all their lives were in chains because of their fear of death, go free.
Being conscious that you have been made free from that foolish way of life which was your heritage from your fathers, not through a payment of things like silver or gold which come to destruction, But through holy blood, like that of a clean and unmarked lamb, even the blood of Christ:
And when I saw him, I went down on my face at his feet as one dead. And he put his right hand on me, saying, Have no fear; I am the first and the last and the Living one;
And at the sounding of the seventh angel there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord, and of his Christ, and he will have rule for ever and ever.
Watsons
REDEEMER. The Hebrew goel is thus rendered, and the title is applied to Christ, as he is the avenger of man upon his spiritual enemy, and delivers man from death and the power of the grave, which the human avenger could not do. The right of the institution of goel was only in a relative, one of the same blood; and hence our Saviour's assumption of our nature is alluded to and implied under this term. There was also the right of buying back the family inheritance when alienated; and this also applies to Christ, our Goel, who has purchased back the heavenly inheritance into the human family. Under these views Job joyfully exclaims, "I know that my Redeemer," my Goel, "liveth," &c. See GOEL, See MEDIATOR, and See JESUS CHRIST.