Reference: Corinthians, First Epistle to The
Easton
was written from Ephesus (1Co 16:8) about the time of the Passover in the third year of the apostle's sojourn there (Ac 19:10; 20:31), and when he had formed the purpose to visit Macedonia, and then return to Corinth (probably A.D. 57).
The news which had reached him, however, from Corinth frustrated his plan. He had heard of the abuses and contentions that had arisen among them, first from Apollos (Ac 19:1), and then from a letter they had written him on the subject, and also from some of the "household of Chloe," and from Stephanas and his two friends who had visited him (1Co 1:11; 16:17). Paul thereupon wrote this letter, for the purpose of checking the factious spirit and correcting the erroneous opinions that had sprung up among them, and remedying the many abuses and disorderly practices that prevailed. Titus and a brother whose name is not given were probably the bearers of the letter (2Co 2:13; 8:6,16-18).
The epistle may be divided into four parts:
(1.) The apostle deals with the subject of the lamentable divisions and party strifes that had arisen among them (1-4).
(2.) He next treats of certain cases of immorality that had become notorious among them. They had apparently set at nought the very first principles of morality (5; 6).
(3.) In the third part he discusses various questions of doctrine and of Christian ethics in reply to certain communications they had made to him. He especially rectifies certain flagrant abuses regarding the celebration of the Lord's supper (7-14).
(4.) The concluding part (15; 16) contains an elaborate defense of the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead, which had been called in question by some among them, followed by some general instructions, intimations, and greetings.
This epistle "shows the powerful self-control of the apostle in spite of his physical weakness, his distressed circumstances, his incessant troubles, and his emotional nature. It was written, he tells us, in bitter anguish, 'out of much affliction and pressure of heart...and with streaming eyes' (2Co 2:4); yet he restrained the expression of his feelings, and wrote with a dignity and holy calm which he thought most calculated to win back his erring children. It gives a vivid picture of the early church...It entirely dissipates the dream that the apostolic church was in an exceptional condition of holiness of life or purity of doctrine." The apostle in this epistle unfolds and applies great principles fitted to guide the church of all ages in dealing with the same and kindred evils in whatever form they may appear.
This is one of the epistles the authenticity of which has never been called in question by critics of any school, so many and so conclusive are the evidences of its Pauline origin.
The subscription to this epistle states erroneously in the Authorized Version that it was written at Philippi. This error arose from a mistranslation of 1Co 16:5, "For I do pass through Macedonia," which was interpreted as meaning, "I am passing through Macedonia." In 1Co 16:8 he declares his intention of remaining some time longer in Ephesus. After that, his purpose is to "pass through Macedonia."
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And it came to pass, while Apollos was in Corinth, Paul, passing through the upper parts, came to Ephesus, and found certain disciples;
And, this, took place for two years, so that, all who dwelt in Asia, heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks.
Wherefore, be on the watch, remembering that, for three years, night and day, I gave myself no rest, with tears, admonishing each one.
For it hath been signified unto me, concerning you, my brethren, - by them who are of the household of Chloe, - that there are strifes among you,
Now I will come unto you, as soon as I have passed through Macedonia, - for I do pass through Macedonia,
I Rejoice, moreover, in the presence of Stephanas, and Fortunatus, and Achaicus: because, your own shortcoming, these, have filled up: -
For, out of much tribulation and anguish of heart, wrote I unto you, through many tears, - not that ye might be grieved, but that, the love, ye might know, which I have very abundantly unto you.
I had no relief in my spirit, because I found not Titus my brother; but, taking my leave of them, I came away into Macedonia.
To the end we should exhort Titus, in order that, according as he before made a beginning, so, he should also complete unto you this favour also.
Thanks, however, unto God! - who is putting the same earnestness in your behalf in the heart of Titus, In that, though, indeed, the exhortation, he welcomed; yet already being, greatly in earnest, of his own accord, hath he gone forth unto you. read more. Howbeit, we also set forward, with him, the brother, whose praise in the Glad Tidings, hath gone through all the assemblies: -
Hastings
CORINTHIANS, FIRST EPISTLE TO THE
1. Occasion of the Epistle.
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Who strive to bring the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and, the way of the oppressed, they pervert, - Yea, a man and his own father, go in unto the maid, to profane my holy Name!
And every one who heareth these my words, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, who built his house upon the sand;
for he was teaching them as one having, authority, and not as their Scribes.
Verily, I say unto you - There hath not arisen, among such as are born of women, a greater than John the Immerser, - yet, he that is less in the kingdom of the heavens, is, greater than he.
But, he, said unto them - Not all, find room for he word, save they to whom it hath been given;
Moreover, appointing unto them by vote, in each assembly, elders, praying with fastings, they commended them unto the Lord on whom they had believed.
To be abstaining from idol sacrifices, and from blood, and from what is strangled, and from fornication, - From which, if ye keep yourselves, ye shall prosper. Fare ye well.
And, a certain woman, by name Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, devout towards God, was hearkening, whose heart, the Lord, fully opened, to be giving heed unto the things being spoken by Paul.
When, however, both Silas and Timothy had come down from Macedonia, Paul began to be urged on in the word, bearing full witness unto the Jews that, Jesus, was, the Christ.
But, Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord, with all his house. And, many of the Corinthians, hearing, were believing, and being immersed.
But they all, laying hold of Sosthenes the ruler of the synagogue, began to strike him before the judgment-seat; and, for none of these things, did Gallio care.
But, a certain Jew, Apollos by name, an Alexandrian by birth, a learned man, came down to Ephesus, being, mighty, in the Scriptures.
and, spending three months, when a plot was laid against him by the Jews, as he was about to sail to Syria, he determined to turn back through Macedonia.
and, spending three months, when a plot was laid against him by the Jews, as he was about to sail to Syria, he determined to turn back through Macedonia.
And, we, sailed forth, after the days of unleavened bread, from Philippi, and came unto them in Troas in five days, where we tarried seven days.
But, from Miletus, he sent unto Ephesus, and called for the elders of the assembly.
Now - this man, had four virgin daughters, who used to prophesy.
What then shall we say? are we still to continue in sin that favour may abound?
For I say, through the favour which hath been given me, unto every one who is among you, - not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think, but so to think as to think soberly - as, unto each one, God hath dealt a measure of faith.
There salute you - Timothy, my fellow-worker, and Lucius, and Jason, and Sosipater, my kinsmen.
For it hath been signified unto me, concerning you, my brethren, - by them who are of the household of Chloe, - that there are strifes among you, Now I mean this, - that, each one of you, is saying - I, indeed, am of Paul, but, I, of Apollos, but, I, of Cephas, but, I, of Christ:
Now I mean this, - that, each one of you, is saying - I, indeed, am of Paul, but, I, of Apollos, but, I, of Cephas, but, I, of Christ: The Christ is divided! Was, Paul, crucified for you? Or, into the name of Paul, were ye immersed?
For Christ sent me not, to be immersing, but to be telling the good news, - not with wisdom of discourse, lest, void should be made, the cross of the Christ.
Where is the wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the disputer of this age? Hath not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?
Where is the wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the disputer of this age? Hath not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?
Whereas, we, proclaim a Christ who hath been crucified, - unto Jews, indeed, an occasion of stumbling, and, unto Gentiles, foolishness;
Whereas, we, proclaim a Christ who hath been crucified, - unto Jews, indeed, an occasion of stumbling, and, unto Gentiles, foolishness;
For be looking at the calling of you, brethren, - that there were not many wise, according to flesh. Not many powerful, not many high-born:
I, therefore, brethren, when I came unto you, came, not with excellency of discourse or wisdom, declaring unto you the mystery of God;
Wisdom, however, we do speak, among the full-grown, - wisdom, indeed, not of this age, nor of the rulers of this age, who are to come to nought;
Which we also speak - not in words taught of human wisdom, but in such as are taught of the Spirit, by spiritual words, spiritual things, explaining.
And, ye, are Christ's, - and, Christ, is, God's.
But, these things, brethren, have I transferred unto myself and Apollos, for your sakes, that, in us, ye might learn the lesson - Not beyond the things that are written -- ! that ye do not puff yourselves up, individually, for this one against that.
Being defamed, we beseech: as the sweepings of the world have we become, the offscouring of all - until even now.
To deliver such a one as this, unto Satan, for the destruction of the flesh, - that, the spirit, may be saved in the day of the Lord.
I wrote a unto you in my letter - not to be mixing yourselves up with fornicators; - Not at all, meaning the fornicators of this world, or the covetous and extortioners, or idolaters, - else had ye been obliged, in that case, to go out of the world!
For what have I to do to be judging them who are without? Do, ye, not judge, them who are within,
Dare any of you, having, a matter against his brother, sue for judgment before the unrighteous, and not before the saints? Or know ye not that, the saints, shall judge the world? And, if, by you, the world, is to be judged, unworthy are ye of the smallest judgment-seats?
Or know ye not that, the saints, shall judge the world? And, if, by you, the world, is to be judged, unworthy are ye of the smallest judgment-seats? Know ye not that we shall judge, messengers? and not, then, matters of this life? read more. If, then, for matters of this, life ye have judgment-seats, them who are of no account in the assembly, these, are ye seating thereupon? With a view to shame you, am I speaking. So, is it possible that there is among you - not so much as one wise man, who shall be able to judge between his brethren, - But, brother with brother, sueth for judgment, and that before unbelievers? Already, indeed, it is an utter defeat for you, that ye are having, law-suits, one with another. Wherefore are ye not rather taking wrong? Wherefore are ye not rather suffering yourselves to be defrauded? Nay! but, ye, are doing wrong, and defrauding, - and that your brethren.
And, these things, were some of you; but ye bathed them away, - but ye were sanctified, but ye were justified, in the name of ourLord Jesus Christ, and in the Spirit of our God. All things, unto me, are allowable, but, not all things, are profitable: all things, unto me, are allowable, but, I, will not be brought under authority by any.
All things, unto me, are allowable, but, not all things, are profitable: all things, unto me, are allowable, but, I, will not be brought under authority by any. Foods for the belly, and the belly for foods; but, God, will set aside, both it and them. The body, however, is not for fornication, but, for the Lord, - and, the Lord, for the body. read more. God, moreover, hath both raised up, the Lord, and will raise, us, up from among the dead through his power. Know ye not that, your bodies, are, members of Christ? Shall I, then, take away the members of the Christ and make them members of a harlot? Far be it!
Know ye not that, your bodies, are, members of Christ? Shall I, then, take away the members of the Christ and make them members of a harlot? Far be it! Or know ye not that, he that joineth himself unto the harlot, is, one body? For, saith he, the two, shall become, one flesh; read more. But, he that joineth himself unto the Lord, is, one Spirit. Flee fornication! Every sin, whatsoever a man shall commit, is, outside his body, but, he that committeth fornication, bringeth sin into his own body. Or know ye not that, your body, is, a shrine of the Holy Spirit that is within you, which ye have from God? And ye are not your own; - For ye have been bought with a price! Therefore glorify God in your body.
Now, concerning the things whereof ye wrote, it were, good, for a man, not to touch, a woman;
To the married, however, I give charge - not, I, but the Lord, - that, a wife, from her husband, do not depart, -
But, concerning them who are virgin, injunction of the Lord, have I none; yet, a judgment, do I give, as one who hath obtained mercy from the Lord to be, faithful:
But, happier, is she, if, so, she remain, - in my judgment; for I think, I also, have the Spirit of God.
Now, concerning the idol-sacrifices, we are aware - because we, all, have knowledge, - knowledge, puffeth up, but, love, buildeth up;
For, if anyone should see theewho hast knowledge, in an idol-temple, reclining, will not, his conscience, being, weak, be built up for the eating of the idol-sacrifices? In fact, he that is weak, is being destroyed, by thy knowledge - the brother for whose sake Christ died. read more. But, in thus sinning against the brethren am wounding their conscience, seeing it is weak, against Christ, are ye sinning. Therefore, if food is an occasion of stumbling unto my brother, in nowise will I eat flesh unto the age that abideth, - that, I may not occasion, my brother, to stumble.
Am not free? Am I not an apostle? Jesus our Lord, have I not seen? Are not, ye, my work, in the Lord?
Have we not a right to take round, a sister wife, - as even the rest of the apostles, and the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?
Who serveth as a soldier, at his own charges, at any time? Who planteth a vineyard, - and, the fruit thereof, doth not eat? Orwho shepherdeth a flock, - and, of the milk of the flock, doth not eat?
If, others, of this right, over you, are partaking, should not rather, we? nevertheless, we used not this right; but, all such things, do we conceal, - lest we should cause any hindrance unto the glad message of the Christ.
Thus, also, hath the Lord, appointed - that, they who the glad message tell, should, of the glad-message, live.
What, then, is my reward? that, in telling the glad-message, free of cost, I should put the glad-message, - to the end I should not use to the full my right in the glad-message.
Know ye not that, they who, in a racecourse, run, all, indeed, run, - but, one, receiveth the prize? So, be running, that ye may lay hold.
For I wish not ye should be ignorant, brethren, that, all our fathers, were, under the cloud, and, all, passed through the sea, -
And, all, drank, the same spiritual drink, - for they continued to drink of the spiritual rock that followed them, and, the rock, was the Christ: -
Trial, hath not taken you, save such as man can bear; faithful, moreover is God, who will not suffer you to be tried above what ye are able, but will make, with the trial, also the way of escape, that ye may be able to hold out. Wherefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry, -
Become imitators of me, - even as, I also, am of Christ.
Become imitators of me, - even as, I also, am of Christ. Now I praise you, that, in all things, ye have me in remembrance, and, even as I delivered unto you the instructions, ye hold them fast.
But, every woman, praying, or prophesying, with her head, unveiled, putteth to shame her head, - for it is, one and the same, with her having been shaven.
For this cause, ought the woman to have, permission, upon her head, because of the messengers.
When, therefore, ye come together into one place, it is not to eat, a supper unto the Lord;
For, I myself, received from the Lord - that which I also delivered unto you, - how that, the Lord Jesus, in the night in which he was being delivered up, took a loaf,
Ye know that, when ye were of the nations, unto the dumb idols, howsoever ye were being led, ye were seduced.
And God hath, indeed, set, certain, in the assembly, - first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, after that mighty works, then gifts of healings, helps, guidings, kinds of tongues.
As for the women, in the assemblies, let them be silent, for it is not permitted them to be speaking; but let them be in submission, - even as, the law, saith. If, however, they are wishing to learn something, at home, their own husbands, let them question; for it is a shame for a woman to be speaking in assembly.
But let, all things, with comeliness, and by arrangement, be done.
And that he was buried, and that he hath been raised, on the third day, according to the Scriptures, -
Now, if, Christ is proclaimed, that, from among the dead, he hath been raised, how say some, among you - resurrection of the dead, there is none?
Now, concerning the collection which is for the saints, just as I directed the assemblies of Galatia, so, also do, ye: -
And, with you, I may perhaps sojourn, or winter, that, ye, may set me forward, whithersoever I may be journeying.
And, in this confidence, I purposed, before, to come unto you, - in order that, a second joy, ye might have, -
But, I, call upon God, as a witness, against my own soul, - that, to spare you, not yet, have I come unto Corinth:
But their thoughts were turned into stone: for, until this very day, the same veil, upon the reading of the old covenant, abideth, not to be removed, because, in Christ, it is to be done away;
Hence, if I even wrote unto you, it was not for the sake of him that did the wrong, naynot even for the sake of him that suffered the wrong; but for the sake of your earnestness, which was on our account, being made manifest unto you, before God:-
And, a judgment, herein, do I give, - for, this, unto you, is profitable, - who, indeed, not only of the doing, but of the desiring, made for yourselves a beginning a year ago; -
For I know your forwardness of mind - of which, in your behalf, I am boasting unto Macedonians, that, Achaia, hath been prepared for a year past, - and, your zeal, hath stirred up the greater number of them.
The things that lie on the surface, ye are looking at: - if anyone hath come to trust in himself that he is, Christ's, this, let him reckon, again, with himself - that, even as, he, is Christ's, so, also are, we.
This third time, am I coming unto you: - at the mouth of two witnesses, or three, shall every matter be established.
Because, a husband, is the head of his wife, as, the Christ also, is the head of the assembly, he, being the saviour of the body, -
Because, a husband, is the head of his wife, as, the Christ also, is the head of the assembly, he, being the saviour of the body, -
Paul and Timothy, servants of Jesus Christ, - unto all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, with overseers and ministers: -
Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, and Timothy my brother, -
Wherefore, we desired to come unto you - even, I, Paul, both once and again, - and, Satan, thwarted us.
Of whom are Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may be taught by discipline not to be defaming.
But, teaching - unto a woman, I do not permit, nor yet to have authority over a man, - but to be in quietness;
Men who, concerning the truth, have erred, affirming, a resurrection, already, to have taken place, and are overthrowing the faith, of some.
Smith
Corinth'ians, First Epistle to the,
was written by the apostle St. Paul toward the close of his nearly three-years stay at Ephesus,
which, we learn from
probably terminated with the Pentecost of A.D. 57 or 58. The bearers were probably (according to the common subscription) Stephanas, Fortunatus and Achaicus. It appears to have been called forth by the information the apostles had received of dissension in the Corinthian church, which may be thus explained: --The Corinthian church was planted by the apostle himself,
in his second missionary journey.
seq. He abode in the city a year and a half.
A short time after the apostle had left the city the eloquent Jew of Alexandria, Apollos, went to Corinth,
and gained many followers, dividing the church into two parties, the followers of Paul and the followers of Apollos. Later on Judaizing teachers from Jerusalem preached the gospel in a spirit of direct antagonism to St. Paul personally. To this third party we may perhaps add a fourth, that, under the name of "the followers of Christ,"
sought at first to separate themselves from the factious adherence to particular teachers, but eventually were driven by antagonism into positions equally sectarian and inimical to the unity of the church. At this momentous period, before parties had become consolidated and that distinctly withdrawn from communion with one another, the apostle writes; and in the outset of the epistle, 1Cor 1-4:21, we have this noble and impassioned protest against this fourfold rending of the robe of Christ.
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After these things, withdrawing from Athens, he came unto Corinth;
And he remained a year and six months, teaching among them the word of God.
And it came to pass, while Apollos was in Corinth, Paul, passing through the upper parts, came to Ephesus, and found certain disciples;
And, this, took place for two years, so that, all who dwelt in Asia, heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks.
Wherefore, be on the watch, remembering that, for three years, night and day, I gave myself no rest, with tears, admonishing each one.
But, as for us, - not the spirit of the world, have we received, but the Spirit which is of God, - that we might know the things which, by God, have been given in favour unto us: -
I, planted, Apollos, watered, - but, God, caused to, grow.