Reference: Bread
American
A word which in Scripture is often put for food in general, Ge 3:19; 18:5; 28:20; Ex 2:20; Le 11:3. Manna is called bread from heaven, Ex 16:4. Bread, in the proper and literal sense, usually means cakes made of wheaten flour; barely being used chiefly by the poor and for feeding horses. The wheat was ground daily, in small stone mills; the flour was made into dough in a wooden trough, and subsequently leavened, Ex 12:34; Ho 7:4. It was then made into cakes, and baked.
The ancient Hebrews had several ways of baking bread: of baking bread: they often baked it under the ashes upon the earth, upon round copper or iron plates, or in pans or stoves made on purpose. The Arabians and other oriental nations, among whom wood is scarce, often bake their bread between two fires made of cow-dung, which burns slowly. The bread is good, if eaten the same day, but the crust is black and burnt, and retains a smell of the fuel used in baking it. This explains Eze 4:9,15.
The Hebrews, in common with other eastern people, had a kind of oven, (tannoor,) which is like a large pitcher, open at top, in which they made a fire. When it was well heated, they mingled flour in water, and this paste they applied to the outside of the pitcher. Such bread is baked in an instant, and is taken off in thin, fine pieces, like our wafers, Le 2. Bread was also baked in cavities sunk in the ground, or the floor of the tent, and well lined with compost or cement. A tire was built on the floor of this oven; and the sides being sufficiently heated, thin cakes were adroitly stuck upon towns there were public ovens, and bakers by trade, Jer 37:21; Ho 7:4.
As the Hebrews generally made their bread thin, and in the form of flat cakes, or wafers, they did not cut it with a knife, but broke it, La 4:4, which gave rise to that expression so usual in Scripture, of "breaking bread," to signify eating, sitting down to table, taking a repast. In the institution of the Lord's supper, our Savior broke the bread which he had consecrated; whence "to break bread," and "breaking of bread," in the New Testament are used for celebrating the Lord's supper. See under EATING.
SHOWBREAD, Heb. Bread of presence, was bread offered every Sabbath-day to God on the golden table which stood in the holy place, Ex 25:30; twelve cakes of unleavened bread, offered with salt and frankincense, Le 2:13; 24:5-9. The show-bread could be lawfully eaten by none but the priests; nevertheless, David having received some of these loaves from the high-priest Abimelech, ate of them without scruple in his necessity,
1Sa 21:1-6; and our Savior quotes his example to justify the disciples, who had bruised ears of corn, and were eating them on the Sabbath-day. Mt 12:1-4.
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You will eat your food by the sweat of your brow until you return to the ground. You came from the ground. For dust you are and to dust you will return.
I will bring a bite to eat to refresh you. Stay a while before you continue your journey. They responded: Very well, do as you have said.
Jacob made a vow. He said: If God will be with me and will watch over me on my trip and give me food to eat and clothes to wear,
He asked his daughters: Where is he? Why have you left the man? Call him, that he may eat bread.
The people picked up their bread dough before it had risen. They carried it on their shoulders in bowls and wrapped up in their clothes.
Jehovah said to Moses: I am going to cause food to rain down from the sky for all of you. The people must go out every day and gather enough for that day. In this way I can test them to find out if they will follow my instructions.
The table should be placed in front of the Covenant Box. There is always to be the sacred bread offered to me for the table.
Season every grain offering with salt. Do not leave the salt of the covenant of your God out of your grain offering. All of your offerings must have salt.
You may eat all animals that have completely divided hoofs and that also chew their cud.
Take flour and bake twelve rings of bread. Each ring will contain four quarts of flour. Put them in two stacks of six each on the gold table in Jehovah's presence. read more. Place pure incense on top of each stack. The incense on the bread will be a reminder, an offering by fire to Jehovah. Every day of worship (sabbath day) a priest must arrange the bread in Jehovah's presence. It is a long lasting reminder of my promise to the Israelites. The bread will belong to Aaron and his sons. They will eat it in a holy place. It is very holy, set apart from Jehovah's offering by fire. This is a long lasting law.
David went to the priest Ahimelech at Nob. Ahimelech was afraid when he met David. Why are you alone? He asked David. Why is no one with you? The king ordered me to do something, David answered the priest Ahimelech, and he told me: No one must know anything about this mission I am sending you to do. I have stationed my young men at a certain place. read more. David added: What do you have to eat? Give me five loaves of bread or whatever you can find. The high priest answered David: I do not have any ordinary bread here. But there is holy bread for the young men if they have not had sexual intercourse today. David answered the priest: Women have been kept away from us as usual when we go on a mission. The young men's bodies are kept holy even on ordinary campaigns. How much more then are their bodies holy today? The priest gave him holy bread. For he only had the bread of the presence that had been taken from Jehovah's presence and replaced with warm bread that day.
King Zedekiah gave the command to have Jeremiah put in the courtyard of the prison. He gave him a loaf of bread every day from the bakers' street until all the bread in the city was gone. So Jeremiah stayed in the courtyard of the prison.
The tongue of the child at the breast is fixed to the roof of his mouth for need of drink. The young children cry out for bread, and no man gives it to them.
Take wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt; put them in a storage jar and use them to make bread for yourself. You are to eat it during the three hundred and ninety days you lie on your side.
So God said: Very well. I will let you use cow dung instead. You can bake your bread on that.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread.
Jesus' disciples were hungry. It was Sabbath day and yet Jesus and his disciples went through the grain fields plucking ears and eating them. The Pharisees saw it and said to him: Your disciples do that which it is not lawful to do on the Sabbath. read more. He replied to them: Have you read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? He entered into the house of God, and he and his companions ate the showbread (holy bread), which it was not lawful for them to eat. It was only lawful for the priests.
Easton
among the Jews was generally made of wheat (Ex 29:2; Jg 6:19), though also sometimes of other grains (Ge 14:18; Jg 7:13). Parched grain was sometimes used for food without any other preparation (Ru 2:14).
Bread was prepared by kneading in wooden bowls or "kneading troughs" (Ge 18:6; Ex 12:34; Jer 7:18). The dough was mixed with leaven and made into thin cakes, round or oval, and then baked. The bread eaten at the Passover was always unleavened (Ex 12:15-20; De 16:3). In the towns there were public ovens, which were much made use of for baking bread; there were also bakers by trade (Ho 7:4; Jer 37:21). Their ovens were not unlike those of modern times. But sometimes the bread was baked by being placed on the ground that had been heated by a fire, and by covering it with the embers (1Ki 19:6). This was probably the mode in which Sarah prepared bread on the occasion referred to in Ge 18:6.
In Le 2 there is an account of the different kinds of bread and cakes used by the Jews. (See Bake.)
The shew-bread (q.v.) consisted of twelve loaves of unleavened bread prepared and presented hot on the golden table every Sabbath. They were square or oblong, and represented the twelve tribes of Israel. The old loaves were removed every Sabbath, and were to be eaten only by the priests in the court of the sanctuary (Ex 25:30; Le 24:8; 1Sa 21:1-6; Mt 12:4).
The word bread is used figuratively in such expressions as "bread of sorrows" (Ps 127:2), "bread of tears" (Ps 80:5), i.e., sorrow and tears are like one's daily bread, they form so great a part in life. The bread of "wickedness" (Pr 4:17) and "of deceit" (Pr 20:17) denote in like manner that wickedness and deceit are a part of the daily life.
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King Melchizedek of Salem brought out bread and wine. He was priest of God Most High.
Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
You will eat unleavened bread for seven days. The first day you shall remove leaven from your houses. Whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day will be cut off from Israel. You shall have a holy assembly on the first day. There should be another holy assembly on the seventh day. No work at all will be done on them, except what must be eaten by every person that alone may be prepared by you. read more. You shall also observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread. That was the day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt. Observe this day throughout your generations as a long lasting ordinance. In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. There shall be no leaven found in your houses for seven days. Whoever eats what is leavened shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an alien or a native of the land. You shall not eat anything leavened. Eat unleavened bread in all your dwellings.
The people picked up their bread dough before it had risen. They carried it on their shoulders in bowls and wrapped up in their clothes.
The table should be placed in front of the Covenant Box. There is always to be the sacred bread offered to me for the table.
Use the best wheat flour to make some unleavened bread. Bake some with olive oil, some without it, and some in the form of thin cakes brushed with oil.
Every day of worship (sabbath day) a priest must arrange the bread in Jehovah's presence. It is a long lasting reminder of my promise to the Israelites.
Do not eat leavened bread with it. Eat unleavened bread for seven days. It is the bread of affliction. You should remember all the days of your life the day when you came out of the land of Egypt in haste.
So Gideon went into his house and cooked a young goat and used a bushel of flour to make bread without any yeast. He put the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot, brought them to Jehovah's angel under the oak tree, and gave them to him.
When Gideon arrived, he heard a man telling a friend about a dream. He was saying: I dreamed that a loaf of barley bread rolled into our camp and hit a tent. The tent collapsed and lay flat on the ground.
At mealtime Boaz said to her: Come here, that you may eat of the bread and dip your piece of bread in the vinegar. So she sat beside the reapers. He served her roasted grain. She ate and was satisfied and had some left over.
Looking up, he saw near his head a cake cooked on coals and a bottle of water. So he ate food and drink water and went to sleep again.
You made them eat tears as food. You often made them drink their own tears.
It is vain to work hard for the food you eat by getting up early and going to bed late. Jehovah gives food to those he loves while they sleep.
They eat the bread of wickedness and drink the wine of violence.
Bread taken by deceit tastes sweet to a man. Afterwards his mouth will be filled with gravel.
The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire. The women knead dough to make cakes for the queen of heaven. They pour out drink offerings to other gods in order to spite me.
King Zedekiah gave the command to have Jeremiah put in the courtyard of the prison. He gave him a loaf of bread every day from the bakers' street until all the bread in the city was gone. So Jeremiah stayed in the courtyard of the prison.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread.
He entered into the house of God, and he and his companions ate the showbread (holy bread), which it was not lawful for them to eat. It was only lawful for the priests.
Fausets
First undoubtedly mentioned in Ge 18:6. The best being made of wheat; the inferior of barley, used by the poor, and in scarcity (Joh 6:9,13; Re 4:6; 2Ki 4:38,42). An ephah or "three measures" was the amount of meal required for a single baking, answering to the size of the oven (Mt 13:33). The mistress of the house and even a king's daughter did not think baking beneath them (2Sa 13:8). Besides there were public bakers (Ho 7:4), and in Jerusalem a street tenanted by bakers (Jer 37:21); Nehemiah mentions "the tower of the furnaces," or ovens (Ne 3:11; 12:38). Their loaf was thinner in shape and crisper than ours, from whence comes the phrase, not cutting, but breaking bread (Mt 14:19; Ac 20:7,11). Ex 12:34 implies the small size of their kneading troughs, for they were "bound up in their clothes (the outer garment, a large square cloth) upon their shoulders."
As bread was made in thin cakes it soon became dry, as the Gibeonites alleged as to their bread (Jos 9:12), and so fresh bread was usually baked every day, which usage gives point to "give us day by day our daily bread" (Lu 11:3). When the kneading was completed leaven was added; but when time was short unleavened cakes were hastily baked, as is the present Bedouin usage; termed in Ex 12:8-20 matsowt, i.e. pure loaves, having no leaven, which ferments the dough and so produces corruption, and is therefore symbol of mortal corruption (1Co 5:8); therefore excluded from the Passover, as also to commemorate the haste of Israel's departure. Leaven was similarly excluded from sacrifices (Le 2:11).
The leavened dough was sometimes exposed to a moderate heat all night while the baker slept: Ho 7:4-6; "as an oven heated by the baker who ceaseth from raising (rather, heating) after he hath kneaded the dough, until it be leavened; for they have made ready their heart like an oven, whiles they lie in wait ... their baker sleepeth all the night; in the morning it burneth as a flaming fire." Their heart was like an oven first heated by Satan, then left to burn with the pent up fire of their corrupt passions. Like the baker sleeping at night, Satan rests secure that at the first opportunity the hidden fires will break forth, ready to execute whatever evil he suggests. The bread was divided into round cakes, or "loaves," three of which sufficed for one person's meal (Lu 11:5). "Bread of affliction" or "adversity" would be a quantity less than this (1Ki 22:27; Isa 30:20). Oil was sometimes mixed with the flour.
There were also cakes of finer flour, called "heart cakes" (as our "cordial" is derived from cor, "the heart"), a heart strengthening pastry (2Sa 13:8-10 margin), a pancake, possibly with stimulant seeds in it, quickly made; such as Tamar prepared and shook out (not "poured" as a liquid) from the pan, for Amnon. The loaves used to be taken to the oven in a basket upon the head (Ge 40:16), which exactly accords with Egyptian usage, men carrying burdens on their heads, women on their shoulders. The variety of Egyptian confectionery is evident from the monuments still extant. The "white baskets" may mean "baskets of white bread."
The oven of each house was a stone or metal jar, heated inwardly, often with dried "grass" (illustrating Mt 6:30). When the fire burned down the cakes were applied inwardly or outwardly. Cakes were sometimes baked on heated stones, or between layers of dung, the slow burning of which adapts it for baking (Eze 4:15). They needed to be turned in baking, like Scotch oatcakes. Ho 7:8, "Ephraim is a cake not turned": burnt on one side, unbaked on the other, the fire spoiling, not penetrating it; so religious professors, outwardly warm, inwardly cold; on one side overdone, on the other not vitally influenced at all; Jehus professing great "zeal for the Lord," really zealous for themselves.
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Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
When the chief baker saw that he had interpreted favorably, he said to Joseph: I also saw in my dream three baskets of white bread on my head.
When the chief baker saw that he had interpreted favorably, he said to Joseph: I also saw in my dream three baskets of white bread on my head.
That night the animals are to be roasted and eaten, together with bitter herbs (greens) and unleavened bread made without yeast.
That night the animals are to be roasted and eaten, together with bitter herbs (greens) and unleavened bread made without yeast. Do not eat the meat raw or boiled. The entire animal, including its head, legs, and insides, must be roasted.
Do not eat the meat raw or boiled. The entire animal, including its head, legs, and insides, must be roasted. Eat what you want that night, and the next morning burn whatever is left.
Eat what you want that night, and the next morning burn whatever is left. Eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste. It is Jehovah's Passover.'
Eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste. It is Jehovah's Passover.' Jehovah said: That night I will go through the land of Egypt. I will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast. I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt! I am Jehovah!
Jehovah said: That night I will go through the land of Egypt. I will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast. I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt! I am Jehovah! The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you live. When I see the blood I will pass over you. No plague will befall you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you live. When I see the blood I will pass over you. No plague will befall you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt. This day will be a memorial to you. You shall celebrate it as a feast to Jehovah. You are to celebrate it as a permanent ordinance throughout your generations.
This day will be a memorial to you. You shall celebrate it as a feast to Jehovah. You are to celebrate it as a permanent ordinance throughout your generations. You will eat unleavened bread for seven days. The first day you shall remove leaven from your houses. Whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day will be cut off from Israel.
You will eat unleavened bread for seven days. The first day you shall remove leaven from your houses. Whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day will be cut off from Israel. You shall have a holy assembly on the first day. There should be another holy assembly on the seventh day. No work at all will be done on them, except what must be eaten by every person that alone may be prepared by you.
You shall have a holy assembly on the first day. There should be another holy assembly on the seventh day. No work at all will be done on them, except what must be eaten by every person that alone may be prepared by you. You shall also observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread. That was the day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt. Observe this day throughout your generations as a long lasting ordinance.
You shall also observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread. That was the day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt. Observe this day throughout your generations as a long lasting ordinance. In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening.
In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. There shall be no leaven found in your houses for seven days. Whoever eats what is leavened shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an alien or a native of the land.
There shall be no leaven found in your houses for seven days. Whoever eats what is leavened shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an alien or a native of the land. You shall not eat anything leavened. Eat unleavened bread in all your dwellings.
The people picked up their bread dough before it had risen. They carried it on their shoulders in bowls and wrapped up in their clothes.
The people picked up their bread dough before it had risen. They carried it on their shoulders in bowls and wrapped up in their clothes.
Every grain offering you bring to Jehovah must be made without yeast. Do not use yeast or honey in food offered to Jehovah.
Every grain offering you bring to Jehovah must be made without yeast. Do not use yeast or honey in food offered to Jehovah.
We took hot fresh bread for our provision out of our houses on the day we came to you. Now it is dry, and it is moldy:
We took hot fresh bread for our provision out of our houses on the day we came to you. Now it is dry, and it is moldy:
She went there and found him in bed. She prepared dough and made some cakes there where he could see her. Then she baked the cakes.
She went there and found him in bed. She prepared dough and made some cakes there where he could see her. Then she baked the cakes.
She went there and found him in bed. She prepared dough and made some cakes there where he could see her. Then she baked the cakes.
She went there and found him in bed. She prepared dough and made some cakes there where he could see her. Then she baked the cakes. Tamar emptied them out of the pan for him to eat. But he refused to eat. He said: Send everyone away. So they all left.
Tamar emptied them out of the pan for him to eat. But he refused to eat. He said: Send everyone away. So they all left. He said to her: Bring the cakes here to my bed and serve them to me. She took the cakes and went over to him.
He said to her: Bring the cakes here to my bed and serve them to me. She took the cakes and went over to him.
Tell them: 'It is the king's order that this man is to be put in prison and given prison food till I come again in peace.'
Tell them: 'It is the king's order that this man is to be put in prison and given prison food till I come again in peace.'
Malchijah, the son of Harim, and Hasshub, the son of Pahath-moab, were working on another part, and the tower of the ovens.
Malchijah, the son of Harim, and Hasshub, the son of Pahath-moab, were working on another part, and the tower of the ovens.
The other band of those who gave praise went to the left, and I went after them with half the people, on the wall, over the tower of the ovens, as far as the wide wall,
The other band of those who gave praise went to the left, and I went after them with half the people, on the wall, over the tower of the ovens, as far as the wide wall,
Jehovah may give you troubles and hardships. But your Teacher (Grand Instructor) will no longer be hidden from you. You will see your Teacher with your own eyes.
Jehovah may give you troubles and hardships. But your Teacher (Grand Instructor) will no longer be hidden from you. You will see your Teacher with your own eyes.
King Zedekiah gave the command to have Jeremiah put in the courtyard of the prison. He gave him a loaf of bread every day from the bakers' street until all the bread in the city was gone. So Jeremiah stayed in the courtyard of the prison.
King Zedekiah gave the command to have Jeremiah put in the courtyard of the prison. He gave him a loaf of bread every day from the bakers' street until all the bread in the city was gone. So Jeremiah stayed in the courtyard of the prison.
So God said: Very well. I will let you use cow dung instead. You can bake your bread on that.
So God said: Very well. I will let you use cow dung instead. You can bake your bread on that.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread.
They all commit adultery. They are like a heated oven, an oven so hot that a baker does not have to fan its flames when he makes bread. On the day of the king's celebration, the officials become drunk from the heat of wine, and the king joins mockers.
On the day of the king's celebration, the officials become drunk from the heat of wine, and the king joins mockers. They become hot inside like an oven while they lie in ambush. All night long their anger smolders, but in the morning it burns like a raging fire.
They become hot inside like an oven while they lie in ambush. All night long their anger smolders, but in the morning it burns like a raging fire.
Ephraim mixes with other nations. Ephraim, you are like a half-baked loaf of bread.
Ephraim mixes with other nations. Ephraim, you are like a half-baked loaf of bread.
If God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today, and tomorrow is thrown into the furnace, won't he care for you even more? You of little faith!
If God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today, and tomorrow is thrown into the furnace, won't he care for you even more? You of little faith!
He offered another illustration: The kingdom of heaven is similar to leaven. A woman hid leaven in three measures of meal until it was all leavened.
He offered another illustration: The kingdom of heaven is similar to leaven. A woman hid leaven in three measures of meal until it was all leavened.
He commanded the crowd to sit down on the grass. Then he prayed. He gave the five loaves and two fishes to the disciples to distribute to the crowd.
He commanded the crowd to sit down on the grass. Then he prayed. He gave the five loaves and two fishes to the disciples to distribute to the crowd.
Give us day-by-day our daily bread.
Give us day-by-day our daily bread.
He also said: Which of you have a friend you would approach at midnight and say lend me three loaves.
He also said: Which of you have a friend you would approach at midnight and say lend me three loaves.
There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish. What are these among so many?
There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish. What are these among so many?
They gathered twelve baskets of leftovers after everyone had eaten.
They gathered twelve baskets of leftovers after everyone had eaten.
On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul spoke to them. Intending to depart the next morning he prolonged his speech until midnight.
On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul spoke to them. Intending to depart the next morning he prolonged his speech until midnight.
He went up and they broke bread and ate. He talked with them a long time until morning. Then he left.
He went up and they broke bread and ate. He talked with them a long time until morning. Then he left.
Therefore let us celebrate the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.
Therefore let us celebrate the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.
A sea of crystal like glass was in front of the throne. In the center around the throne were four living creatures full of eyes in front and behind.
A sea of crystal like glass was in front of the throne. In the center around the throne were four living creatures full of eyes in front and behind.
Hastings
The pre-eminence of bread in the dietary of the Hebrews is shown by the frequent use in OT, from Ge 3:19 onwards, of 'bread' for food in general. It was made chiefly from wheat and barley, occasionally mixed, more especially in times of scarcity, with other ingredients (Eze 4:9; see Food). Barley was in earlier times the main breadstuff of the peasantry (Jg 7:13) and poorer classes generally (Joh 6:13, cf. Josephus BJ V. x. 2).
The first step in bread-making, after thoroughly sifting and cleaning the grain, was to reduce it to flour by rubbing, pounding, or grinding (cf. Nu 11:8). In the first process, not yet extinct in Egypt for certain grains, the grain was rubbed between two stones, the 'corn-rubbers' or 'corn-grinders,' of which numerous specimens have been found at Lachish and Gezer (Quarterly Statement of the same, 1902, 326; 1903, 118; cf. Erman, Egypt. 180 for illust. of actual use). For the other two processes see Mortar and Mill respectively. Three qualities of flour are distinguished
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You will eat your food by the sweat of your brow until you return to the ground. You came from the ground. For dust you are and to dust you will return.
Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land in the Plain. He saw smoke rising from the land like the thick smoke of a furnace.
The top basket contained all sorts of baked food for Pharaoh. The birds were eating them out of the basket on my head.
The Nile will swarm with frogs. They will come up and go into your house and into your bedroom and on your bed. They will go into the houses of your servants and on your people, and into your ovens and into your kneading bowls.
The people picked up their bread dough before it had risen. They carried it on their shoulders in bowls and wrapped up in their clothes.
The house of Israel called its name manna. It was like coriander seed, white in color. It tasted like wafers made with honey.
Use the best wheat flour to make some unleavened bread. Bake some with olive oil, some without it, and some in the form of thin cakes brushed with oil.
If your grain offering is prepared in a frying pan, it, too, will be unleavened bread made of flour mixed with oil.
When you bring a grain offering of early-ripened things to Jehovah, you should bring fresh heads of grain roasted in the fire, grits of new growth, for the grain offering of your early-ripened things.
The priest will burn the flour, oil, and all the incense as a reminder. It is an offering by fire to Jehovah.
Every grain offering, whether baked in an oven or prepared in a skillet or a frying pan, belongs to the priest who offers it.
The people would gather it and then grind it in a hand mill or crush it in a mortar. They would cook it in a pot or make round loaves of bread out of it. It tasted like rich sweet pastry made with oil.
When Gideon arrived, he heard a man telling a friend about a dream. He was saying: I dreamed that a loaf of barley bread rolled into our camp and hit a tent. The tent collapsed and lay flat on the ground.
When Gideon arrived, he heard a man telling a friend about a dream. He was saying: I dreamed that a loaf of barley bread rolled into our camp and hit a tent. The tent collapsed and lay flat on the ground.
The supplies Solomon needed each day were one hundred and fifty bushels of fine flour and three hundred bushels of meal.
Take him ten loaves of bread, some cakes, and a jar of honey. Ask him what is going to happen to our son. He will tell you.
Then she said: By the life of Jehovah your God, I have nothing but a little meal, and a drop of oil in the bottle; and now I am getting two sticks together so that I may go in and make it ready for me and my son, so that we may have a meal before our death.
Stretching himself on the earth, he went to sleep under the broom-plant. An angel touched him and said: Get up and eat some food.
King Zedekiah gave the command to have Jeremiah put in the courtyard of the prison. He gave him a loaf of bread every day from the bakers' street until all the bread in the city was gone. So Jeremiah stayed in the courtyard of the prison.
Take wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt; put them in a storage jar and use them to make bread for yourself. You are to eat it during the three hundred and ninety days you lie on your side.
Ephraim mixes with other nations. Ephraim, you are like a half-baked loaf of bread.
Jehovah of Hosts proclaims: The day is coming when all arrogant and evil people will burn like stubble. On that day they will burn up and there will be nothing left of them, either root or bough.
If God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today, and tomorrow is thrown into the furnace, won't he care for you even more? You of little faith!
They gathered twelve baskets of leftovers after everyone had eaten.
Morish
Constantly referred to as the sustenance of man, though animal food may be included, and thus it stands for 'food' in general. Ge 3:19; Ru 1:6; Ps 41:9. Bread was made of wheaten flour, or of wheat and barley mixed, or by the poor of barley only. It was generally made in thin cakes which could be baked very quickly when a visitor arrived. Ge 18:6; 19:3; 1Sa 28:24. It was usually leavened by a piece of old dough in a state of fermentation. See LEAVEN.
UNLEAVENED BREAD was to be eaten with certain of the offerings, Le 6:16-17; and for the seven days' feast connected with the Passover, often referred to as 'the Feast of Unleavened Bread,' Ex 34:18; 2Ch 8:13; Lu 22:1; 1Co 5:8; a symbol that all evil must be put away in order to keep the feast.
The Lord Jesus called Himself the BREAD OF GOD, the bread that came down from heaven, THE BREAD OF LIFE, the living bread, of which if any man ate he should live for ever: He said "He that eateth me shall live by me." He is the spiritual food that sustains the new life. Joh 6:31-58. This was typified in Israel by the SHOWBREAD, the twelve loaves placed upon the table in the holy place, new every sabbath day: it was holy and was eaten by the priests only. Le 24:5-9. It is literally 'face or presence bread;' Ex 25:30; and 'bread of arrangement' or 'ordering,' as in the margin of 1Ch 9:32; and in the N.T. 'bread of presentation.' Mt 12:4; Heb 9:2. It typified the nourishment that God would provide for Israel in Christ, as well as the ordering of the twelve tribes before Him; in them was the administration of God's bounty through Christ for the earth, as Christ is now the sustainment for the Christian.
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You will eat your food by the sweat of your brow until you return to the ground. You came from the ground. For dust you are and to dust you will return.
Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
Lot insisted, so at last they went home with him. He set a great feast before them, complete with fresh unleavened (unfermented) bread.
The table should be placed in front of the Covenant Box. There is always to be the sacred bread offered to me for the table.
Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you must eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib. This is because in that month you came out of Egypt.
Any thing left is for Aaron and his sons to eat. It will be eaten as unleavened cakes in a holy place. They must eat it in the court of the Tent of Meeting. It shall not be baked with leaven. I have given it as their share from my offerings by fire. It is most holy, like the sin offering and the guilt offering.
Take flour and bake twelve rings of bread. Each ring will contain four quarts of flour. Put them in two stacks of six each on the gold table in Jehovah's presence. read more. Place pure incense on top of each stack. The incense on the bread will be a reminder, an offering by fire to Jehovah. Every day of worship (sabbath day) a priest must arrange the bread in Jehovah's presence. It is a long lasting reminder of my promise to the Israelites. The bread will belong to Aaron and his sons. They will eat it in a holy place. It is very holy, set apart from Jehovah's offering by fire. This is a long lasting law.
Some time later Naomi heard that Jehovah blessed his people by giving them good crops. So she got ready to leave Moab with her daughters-in-law.
Some of their Kohathite brothers were in charge of preparing for every Sabbath the bread set out on the table.
Even my close friend in whom I trusted, who ate my bread, has lifted up his heel against me.
He entered into the house of God, and he and his companions ate the showbread (holy bread), which it was not lawful for them to eat. It was only lawful for the priests.
The feast of unleavened bread was near. This is called the Passover.
Our fathers ate manna in the wilderness. It is written, 'He gave them bread out of heaven to eat.' Jesus responded: I speak the truth! It was not Moses who gave you the bread out of heaven. My Father gives you the true bread out of heaven. read more. For the bread of God is that which comes down out of heaven. It gives life to the world. They responded: Lord, always give us this bread. Jesus replied: I am the bread of life. He who comes to me will not hunger. The one who puts active faith in me will never thirst. I told you. You have seen me and yet do not believe. That which the Father gives me will come to me. I will not reject him who comes to me. I do not do my own will. I came down from heaven to do the will of him that sent me. This is the will of him that sent me that I should not lose any of those he has given me, but I should raise them up at the last day. For this is the will of my Father. Every one who sees the Son and puts active faith in him will have everlasting life, and I will raise him up at the last day. The Jews complained about him. This is because he said 'I am the bread that came down out of heaven.' They said: Is Jesus the son of Joseph? We know his father and mother. How does he now say, I came down out of heaven? Jesus answered: Stop complaining and saying things against me. No man can come to me unless the Father, who sent me, draws him. I will resurrect him (raise him up) in the last day. It is written in the prophets: Jehovah shall teach them all. Every one who hears the Father and has learned comes to me. (Jeremiah 31:34) No one has seen the Father. Only he who is from God, He has seen the Father. Truly, truly I tell you, he who believes has everlasting life. I am the bread of life. Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness and they died. This is the bread that comes down out of heaven that a man may eat of it and not die. I am the living bread that came down out of heaven. If any man eats of this bread he will live forever. Yes and the bread that I will give is my flesh for the life of the world. The Jews argued with one another saying: How can this man give us his flesh to eat? Jesus responded to them: Truly I tell you if you do not eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood you will not have life in yourselves. He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has everlasting life! I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is meat indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides with me, and I with him. The living Father sent me and I live because of the Father. He who takes me for his food will live because of me. This is the bread that came down out of heaven. It is not like the bread (manna) the fathers ate and then died. He who eats this bread will live forever.
A tabernacle was set up. The first room was called the Holy Place. It contained the lamp stand and table and the consecrated bread.
Smith
Bread.
The preparation of bread as an article of food dates from a very early period.
The corn or grain employed was of various sorts. The best bread was made of wheat, but "barley" and spelt were also used.
Joh 6:9,13; Isa 28:25
The process of making bread was as follows: the flour was first mixed with water or milk; it was then kneaded with the hands (in Egypt with the feet also) in a small wooden bowl or "kneading-trough" until it became dough.
Ex 12:34,39; 2Sa 13:3; Jer 7:18
When the kneading was completed, leaven was generally added [LEAVEN]; but when the time for preparation was short, it was omitted, and unleavened cakes, hastily baked, were eaten as is still the prevalent custom among the Bedouins. (
See Leaven
Ge 18:6; 19:3; Ex 12:39; Jg 6:19; 1Sa 28:24
The leavened mass was allowed to stand for some time,
Mt 13:33; Lu 13:21
the dough was then divided into round cakes,
Ex 29:23; Jg 7:13; 8:5; 1Sa 10:3; Pr 6:26
not unlike flat stones in shape and appearance,
comp. Matt 4:8 about a span in diameter and a finger's breadth in thickness. In the towns where professional bakers resided, there were no doubt fixed ovens, in shape and size resembling those in use among ourselves; but more usually each household poured a portable oven, consisting of a stone or metal jar, about three feet high which was heated inwardly with wood,
1Ki 17:12; Isa 44:15; Jer 7:18
or dried grass and flower-stalks.
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Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said: Quick! Make ready three measures of fine meal; knead it and make cakes.
Lot insisted, so at last they went home with him. He set a great feast before them, complete with fresh unleavened (unfermented) bread.
The people picked up their bread dough before it had risen. They carried it on their shoulders in bowls and wrapped up in their clothes.
With the dough they had brought from Egypt, they baked round, flat bread. The dough had not risen because they had been thrown out of Egypt and had no time to prepare food for the trip.
With the dough they had brought from Egypt, they baked round, flat bread. The dough had not risen because they had been thrown out of Egypt and had no time to prepare food for the trip.
From the basket of bread which has been offered to me, take one loaf of each kind: one loaf made with olive oil and one made without it and one thin cake.
So Gideon went into his house and cooked a young goat and used a bushel of flour to make bread without any yeast. He put the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot, brought them to Jehovah's angel under the oak tree, and gave them to him.
When Gideon arrived, he heard a man telling a friend about a dream. He was saying: I dreamed that a loaf of barley bread rolled into our camp and hit a tent. The tent collapsed and lay flat on the ground.
He said to the men of Succoth: Give my troops some bread. They are tired. I am still pursuing Zebah and Zalmunna, the kings of Midian.
Then she said: By the life of Jehovah your God, I have nothing but a little meal, and a drop of oil in the bottle; and now I am getting two sticks together so that I may go in and make it ready for me and my son, so that we may have a meal before our death.
A prostitute will cost you your last crust of bread. An adulteress will cost you your life.
When he has leveled its surface, does he not sow the black cummin and scatter the cummin, plant the wheat in rows, the barley in the appointed place, and the spelt in its place?
It is man's fuel for burning so he takes some to warm himself. He kindles a fire and bakes bread. But he also fashions a god and worships it. Yes he makes an idol and bows down to it.
The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire. The women knead dough to make cakes for the queen of heaven. They pour out drink offerings to other gods in order to spite me.
The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire. The women knead dough to make cakes for the queen of heaven. They pour out drink offerings to other gods in order to spite me.
If God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today, and tomorrow is thrown into the furnace, won't he care for you even more? You of little faith!
Who among you, who would give his son a stone when he asks him for bread?
He offered another illustration: The kingdom of heaven is similar to leaven. A woman hid leaven in three measures of meal until it was all leavened.
It is like this. A woman takes some yeast and mixes it with a bushel of flour. Soon the whole batch of dough rises.
There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish. What are these among so many?
They gathered twelve baskets of leftovers after everyone had eaten.
Watsons
BREAD, a term which in Scripture is used, as by us, frequently for food in general; but is also often found in its proper sense. Sparing in the use of flesh, like all the nations of the east, the chosen people usually satisfied their hunger with bread, and quenched their thirst in the running stream. Their bread was generally made of wheat or barley, or lentiles and beans. Bread of wheat flour, as being the most excellent, was preferred: barley bread was used only in times of scarcity and distress. So mean and contemptible, in the estimation of the numerous and well-appointed armies of Midian, was Gideon, with his handful of undisciplined militia, that he seems to have been compared to bread of this inferior quality, which may account for the ready interpretation of the dream of the Midianite respecting him: "And when Gideon was come, behold, there was a man that told a dream unto his fellow, and said, Behold, I dreamed a dream, and lo, a cake of barley bread tumbled into the host of Midian, and came unto a tent and smote it that it fell, and overturned it, that the tent lay along. And his fellow answered and said, This is nothing else save the sword of Gideon, the son of Joash, a man of Israel; for into his hand hath God delivered Midian, and all the host." In the cities and villages of Barbary, where public ovens are established, the bread is usually leavened; but among the Bedoweens and Kabyles, as soon as the dough is kneaded, it is made into thin cakes, either to be baked immediately upon the coals, or else in a shallow earthen vessel like a frying-pan, called Tajen. Such were the unleavened cakes which we so frequently read of in Scripture; and those also which Sarah made quickly upon the hearth. These last are about an inch thick; and, being commonly prepared in woody countries, are used all along the shores of the Black Sea, from the Palus Maeotis to the Caspian, in Chaldea and Mesopotamia, except in towns. A fire is made in the middle of the room: and when the bread is ready for baking, a corner of the hearth is swept, the bread is laid upon it, and covered with ashes and embers; in a quarter of an hour, they turn it. Sometimes they use small convex plates of iron, which are most common in Persia, and among the nomadic tribes, as being the easiest way of baking, and done with the least expense; for the bread is extremely thin, and soon prepared. The oven is also used in every part of Asia: it is made in the ground, four or five feet deep, and three in diameter, well plastered with mortar. When it is hot, they place the bread (which is commonly long, and not thicker than a finger) against the sides: it is baked in a moment. Ovens, Chardin apprehends, were not used in Canaan in the patriarchal age: all the bread of that time was baked upon a plate, or under the ashes; and he supposes, what is nearly self-evident, that the cakes which Sarah baked on the hearth were of the last sort, and that the shew bread was of the same kind. The Arabs about Mount Carmel use a great strong pitcher, in which they kindle a fire; and when it is heated, they mix meal and water, which they apply with the hollow of their hands to the outside of the pitcher; and this extremely soft paste, spreading itself, is baked in an instant. The heat of the pitcher having dried up all the moisture, the bread comes on as thin as our wafers; and the operation is so speedily performed, that in a very little time a sufficient quantity is made. But their best sort of bread they bake, either by heating an oven, or a large pitcher full of little smooth shining flints, upon which they lay the dough, spread out in the form of a thin broad cake. Sometimes they use a shallow earthen vessel, resembling a frying pan, which seems to be the pan mentioned by Moses, in which the meat-offering was baked. This vessel, Dr. Shaw informs us, serves both for baking and frying; for the bagreah of the people of Barbary differs not much from our pancakes; only, instead of rubbing the pan in which they fry them with butter, they rub it with soap, to make them like a honey-comb. If these accounts of the Arab stone pitcher, the pan, and the iron hearth or copper plate, be attended to, it will not be difficult to understand the laws of Moses in the second chapter of Leviticus: they will be found to answer perfectly well to the description which he gives us of the different ways of preparing the meat-offerings. As the Hebrews made their bread thin, in the form of little flat cakes, they did not cut it with a knife, but broke it; which gave use to the expression, breaking bread, so frequent in Scripture.
The Arabians and other eastern people, among whom wood is scarce, often bake their bread between two fires made of cow dung, which burns slowly, and bakes the bread very leisurely. The crumb of it is very good, if it be eaten the same day; but the crust is black and burnt, and retains a smell of the materials that were used in baking it. This may serve to explain a passage in Eze 4:9-13. The straits of a siege and the scarcity of fuel were thus intimated to the Prophet. During the whole octave of the passover, the Hebrews use only unleavened bread, as a memorial that at the time of their departure out of Egypt they wanted leisure to bake leavened bread; and, having left the country with precipitation, they were content to bake bread which was not leavened, Ex 12:8. The practice of the Jews at this day, with relation to the use of unleavened bread, is as follows: They forbid to eat, or have in their houses, or in any place belonging to them, either leavened bread or any thing else that is leavened. That they may the better observe this rule, they search into all the corners of the house with scrupulous exactness for all bread or paste, or any thing that is leavened. After they have thus well cleansed their houses, they whiten them, and furnish them with kitchen and table utensils, all new, and with others which are to be used only on that day. If they are movables, which have served only for something else, and are made of metal, they have them polished, and put into the fire, to take away all the impurity which they may have contracted by touching any thing leavened. All this is done on the thirteenth day of Nisan, or on the vigil of the feast of the passover, which begins with the fifteenth of the same month, or the fourteenth day in the evening; for the Hebrews reckon their days from one evening to another. On the fourteenth of Nisan, at eleven o'clock, they burn the common bread, to show that the prohibition of eating leavened bread is then commenced; and this action is attended with words, whereby the master of the house declares that he has no longer any thing leavened in his keeping; that, at least, he believes so. In allusion to this practice, we are commanded to "purge out the old leaven;" by which "malice and wickedness" are intended; and to feed only on the "unleavened bread of sincerity and truth."
2. SHEW BREAD, or, according to the Hebrews, the bread of faces, was bread offered every Sabbath day upon the golden table in the holy place, Ex 25:30. The Hebrews affirm that these loaves were square, and had four sides, and were covered with leaves of gold. They were twelve in number, according to the number of the twelve tribes, in whose names they were offered. Every loaf was composed of two assarons of flour, which make about five pints and one-tenth. These loaves were unleavened. They were presented hot every Sabbath day, the old ones being taken away and eaten by the priests only. This offering was accompanied with salt and frankincense, and even with wine, according to some commentators. The Scripture mentions only salt and incense; but it is presumed that wine was added, because it was not wanting in other sacrifices and offerings. It is believed that these loaves were placed one upon another, in two piles of six each; and that between every loaf were two thin plates of gold, folded back in a semicircle the whole length of them, to admit air, and to prevent the loaves from growing mouldy. These golden plates, thus turned in, were supported at their extremities by two golden forks, which rested on the groun
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That night the animals are to be roasted and eaten, together with bitter herbs (greens) and unleavened bread made without yeast.
The table should be placed in front of the Covenant Box. There is always to be the sacred bread offered to me for the table.
Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram and the bread that is in the basket, at the doorway of the tent of meeting.
Take flour and bake twelve rings of bread. Each ring will contain four quarts of flour. Put them in two stacks of six each on the gold table in Jehovah's presence. read more. Place pure incense on top of each stack. The incense on the bread will be a reminder, an offering by fire to Jehovah. Every day of worship (sabbath day) a priest must arrange the bread in Jehovah's presence. It is a long lasting reminder of my promise to the Israelites. The bread will belong to Aaron and his sons. They will eat it in a holy place. It is very holy, set apart from Jehovah's offering by fire. This is a long lasting law.
They must also bring a basket of unleavened bread containing some rings of bread made with olive oil and wafers of unleavened bread brushed with olive oil, along with other grain offerings and wine offerings.
Take wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt; put them in a storage jar and use them to make bread for yourself. You are to eat it during the three hundred and ninety days you lie on your side. Weigh out eight ounces of food for each day and eat it at set times. read more. You will also have a limited amount of water to drink, two cups a day. You are to build a fire out of dried human excrement, bake bread on the fire, and eat it where everyone can see you. Jehovah said: This represents the way the Israelites will have to eat food which the Law forbids when I scatter them to foreign countries.
He made us to be a kingdom of kings and priests to his God and Father. To him be glory and power forever and ever. Amen.
You made them kings and priests to our God. They will reign as kings over the earth.
Blessed and holy is he who has part in the first resurrection. The second death has no power over them. They shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall rule as kings with him for the thousand years.