Reference: Job
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A patriarch distinguished for his integrity and piety, his wealth, honors, and domestic happiness, whom God permitted, for the trial of his faith, to be deprived of friends, property, and health, and at once plunged into deep affliction. He lived in the land of Uz, lying, it is generally thought, in Eastern Edom, probably not far from Bozrah.
THE BOOK OF JOB, has originated much criticism, and on many points a considerable diversity of opinion still exists. Sceptics have denied its inspiration, and called it a mere philosophical romance; but no one who respects revelation can entertain this notion, or doubt that Job was a real person. Inspired writers testify to both. See Eze 14:14; Jas 5:11, and compare 1Co 3:19 with Job 5:13. The book itself specifies persons, places, and circumstances in the manner of true history. Moreover, the name and history of Job are spread throughout the East; Arabian writers mention him, and many Mohammedan families perpetuate his name. Five different places claim the possession of his tomb.
The precise period of his life cannot be ascertained, yet no doubt can exist as to its patriarchal antiquity. The book seems to allude to the flood, Job 22:15-17, but not to the destruction of Sodom, to the exodus from Egypt, or the giving of the Law. No reference is made to any order of priesthood, Job himself being the priest of his household, like Noah and Abraham. There is allusion to the most ancient form of idolatry, star-worship, and to the earliest mode of writing, Job 19:24. The longevity of Job also places him among the patriarchs. He survived his trial one hundred and forty years, and was an old man before his trial began, for his children were established each at the head of his own household, Job 1:4; 42:16. The period of long lives had not wholly passed away, Job 15:10. Hales places the trial of Job before the birth of Abraham, and Usher, about thirty years before the exodus, B. C. 1521.
As to the authorship of the book, many opinions have been held. It has all the freedom of an original composition, bearing no marks of its being a translation; and if so, it would appear that its author must have been a Hebrew, since it is written in the purest Hebrew. It exhibits, moreover, the most intimate acquaintance with both Egyptian and Arabian scenery, and is in the loftiest style of oriental poetry. All these circumstances are consistent with the views of those who regard Moses as its probable author. It has, however, been ascribed to various other persons. IT presents a beautiful exhibition of patriarchal religion. It teaches the being and perfections of God, his creation of all things, and his universal providence; the apostasy and guilt of evil spirits and of mankind; the mercy of God, on the basis of a sacrifice, and on condition of repentance and faith, Job 33:27-30; 42:6,8; the immortality of the soul, and the resurrection of the body, Job 14:7-15; 19:25-27.
The main problem discussed in Job is the justice of God in suffering the righteous to be afflicted, while the wicked prosper. It is settled, by showing that, while the hand of a just God is manifest in his providential government of human affairs, it is his sovereign right to choose his own time and mode of retribution both to the evil and the good, and to subject the graces of his people to whatever trials he deems best.
The conference of Job and his friends may be divided into three parts. In the first, Eliphaz addresses Job, and Job replies; then Bildad and Job, and Zophar and Job speak, in turn. In the second part, the same order is observed and in the third also, except that after Job's reply to Bildad, the three friends have no more to urge, and instead of Zophar, a fourth friend named Elihu takes up the word; and the whole is concluded by the decision of Jehovah himself. The friends of Job argue that his remarkable afflictions must have been sent in punishment of highly aggravated transgressions, and urge him to confession and repentance. The pious patriarch, conscious of his own integrity and love to God cast down and bewildered by his sore chastisements, and pained by the suspicions of his friends, warmly vindicates his innocence, and shows that the best of men are sometimes the most afflicted; but forgets that his inward sins merit far heavier punishment, and though he still maintains faith in God, yet he charges Him foolishly. Afterwards he humbly confesses his wrong, and is cheered by the returning smile of God, while his uncharitable friends are reproved. The whole book is written in the highest style of Hebrew poetry, except the two introductory chapters and part of the last, which are prose. As a poem, it is full of sublime sentiments and bold and striking images.
The DISEASE of Job is generally supposed to have been the elephantiasis, or black leprosy. The word rendered "boils" does not necessarily mean abscesses, but burning and inflammation; and no known disease better answers to the description given, Job 2:7-8; 7:5,13/type/juliasmith'>13,13/type/juliasmith'>13; 19:17; 30:17, than the leprosy referred to above. See LEPER.
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And his sons went and made a drinking in the house, a man his day; and they sent and called for their three sisters to eat and drink with them.
And the adversary will go forth from the face of Jehovah, and he will strike Job with an evil burning sore, from the sole of his foot even to his crown. And he will take to him a pot sherd to scrape himself with it, and he will sit in the midst of the ashes.
He took the wise in their craftiness, and the counsel of the perverse was headlong.
And my flesh was clothed with worms, and a clod of dust; my akin was contracted and melted away.
For I said, My bed shall comfort me; my couch shall lift up in my complaint;
For I said, My bed shall comfort me; my couch shall lift up in my complaint;
For there is hope for a tree if it shall be cut down, and it shall yet revive, and its suckers shall not cease. If its root shall grow old in the earth, and its trunk shall die in the dust read more. From the smell of water it will break forth, and make foliage as a plant And man will die and be weak: and man will expire, and where is he? The waters departed from the sea, and the river will be wasted and dried up; And man lay down and he will not rise: till the heavens be no more they shall not awake and rise from their sleep. Who will give thou wilt hide me in hades? wilt thou cover me till the turning away of thine anger? wilt thou set for me a limit, and wilt thou remember me? If a man die, shall he live? All the days of my warfare I will wait till the coming of my change. Thou shalt call and I will answer thee: thou wilt long for the work of thy hands.
Also the gray headed and old man with us, great of days above thy fathers.
My spirit was loathsome to my wife, and I entreated to the sons of my belly.
They shall be cut in the rock with a style of iron and lead, forever. And I knew he redeeming me lived, and at last he shall rise up upon the dust: read more. And after they destroyed my skin, this, and from my flesh I shall see God: Which I shall see for myself, and mine eyes beheld, and not a stranger: my reins were finished in my bosom.
Wilt thou watch the path of old which men of iniquity trod? Who were laid hold of, and no time a river will pour out their foundation? read more. They saying to God, Depart fron us: and what shall the Almighty do for them?
The night my bones pierced from above me, and my gnawers will not lie down.
He will look upon men, and he shall say, I sinned, and I perverted the right, and it was not fitting to me; Redeem my soul from passing into the pit, and my life shall look upon light read more. Behold, all these God will work twice, thrice, with man, To turn back his soul from the pit, to enlighten with the light of the living.
For this, I shall melt away, and I lamented in dust and ashes.
And now take to you seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and bring up a burnt-offering for yourselves; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for his face I will accept, so as not to do with you for folly, for ye spake not to me the right as my servant Job.
And Job will live after this a hundred and forty years, and he will see his sons, and his sons' sons, four generations.
And were these three men in its midst, Noah, Daniel, and Job, they by their justice shall deliver their souls, says the Lord Jehovah.
For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it has been written, He seizing the wise in their deceptions.
Behold, we esteem those enduring happy. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and ye see the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.
Easton
persecuted, an Arabian patriarch who resided in the land of Uz (q.v.). While living in the midst of great prosperity, he was suddenly overwhelmed by a series of sore trials that fell upon him. Amid all his sufferings he maintained his integrity. Once more God visited him with the rich tokens of his goodness and even greater prosperity than he had enjoyed before. He survived the period of trial for one hundred and forty years, and died in a good old age, an example to succeeding generations of integrity (Eze 14:14,20) and of submissive patience under the sorest calamities (Jas 5:11). His history, so far as it is known, is recorded in his book.
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And were these three men in its midst, Noah, Daniel, and Job, they by their justice shall deliver their souls, says the Lord Jehovah.
And Noah, Daniel, and Job, in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, if son if daughter they shall deliver; they by their justice shall deliver their soul.
Behold, we esteem those enduring happy. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and ye see the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.
Fausets
Age, and relation to the canon. The book has a unique position in the canon. It is unconnected with Israel, God's covenant people, with whom all the other scriptures are associated. "The law" (towrah),the Magna Charta of the rest, occurs but once, and then not in its technical sense (Job 22:22). The Exodus is never alluded to, though the miraculous events connected with it in Egypt and the desert, with both of which Job shows his acquaintance, would have been appropriate to his and the friends' argument. The destruction of the guilty by the flood (Job 22:15), and that of Sodom and Gomorrah (Job 18:15) possibly, are referred to; but no later facts. The inference seems natural that the book was of an age anterior to Israel. Job's own life was of patriarchal length, 200 years. The only idolatry alluded to is the earliest, Sabeanism, the worship of the sun, moon, and seba or heavenly hosts (Job 31:26-28).
Job sacrifices as priest for his family according to patriarchal usage, and alludes to no exclusive priesthood, temple, or altar. Lastly, the language is Hebrew with an Arabic and Syriac infusion found in no other sacred book, answering to an age when Hebrew still retained many of the elements of the original common Semitic, from which in time branched off Hebrew, Syriac, and Arabic, carrying with them severally fragments of the common stock. The obscurity of several phrases, the obsolete words and forgotten traditions (e.g. that of the bushmen, Job 30:4-7), all mark a remote antiquity. The admission of the book into the Hebrew canon, notwithstanding the absence of reference to Israel, is accounted for if Let's theory be adopted that Moses became acquainted with it during his stay in Arabia, near Horeb, and added the prologue and epilogue. To the afflicted Israelites Job's patience and restoration were calculated to be a lesson of special utility.
The restriction of "Jehovah" (the divine name revealed to Moses in its bringing the fulfillment of the promise to God's covenant people just at that time: Ex 6:3) mostly to the prologue and epilogue favors this view. The Holy Spirit directed him to canonize the oriental patriarch's inspired book, just as he embodies in the Pentateuch the utterances of Balaam the prophet from the mountains of the East. The grand theme of the book is to reconcile the saint's afflictions with God's moral government in this present world. The doctrine of a future life in which the seeming anomalies of the present shall be cleared up would have given the main solution to the problem. But as yet this great truth was kept less prominent until "the appearing of our Saviour Jesus Christ who hath abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel." Job plainly refers to the resurrection, but not with that persistent prominence with which the New Testament saints rest on it as their continual hope; Job does not make it his main solution.
Even still we need something in addition, to clear off the clouds which hang over God's present government of this fallen earth. The first consideration suggested in this sublime history and poem is, "an enemy hath done this." The veil which hides the world of spirits is drawn aside, and Satan, the accuser of the brethren, appears as the mediate cause of Job's afflictions. Satan must be let do his worst to show that his sneer is false that religion is but selfishness," doth Job fear God for naught?" (Job 1:9). The patience and the final perseverance of the saints (Job 1:21; 2:10; 13:15), notwithstanding temporary distrust under Satan's persecutions which entailed loss of family, friends, possessions, and bodily health, are illustrated in Job's history.
God's people serve Him for His own sake, not merely for the temporary reward His service generally brings; they serve Him even in overwhelming trial (Ge 15:1). Herein Job is a type though imperfectly of Him who alone, without once harbouring a distrustful thought, endured all this as well as death in its most agonizing, humiliating form, and, worse than all, the hiding of even God's countenance from Him. Job's chief agony was not so much his accumulated losses and sufferings, not even his being misunderstood by friends, but that God hid His face from him, as these calamities too truly seemed to prove (Job 23:9). Yet conscience told him he was no hypocrite, nay though God was slaying him he still trusted in God (Job 23:10-15; 13:15; compare Abraham, Genesis 22). Job's three trials are progressive:
1. His sudden loss of all blessings external to himself, possessions, servants, and sons; he conquers this temptation: "naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked shall I return there; the Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away, blessed be the name of the Lord."
2. His loss of bodily health by the most loathsome sickness; still he conquers: "shall we receive good at the hand of God, and shall we not receive evil?"
3. His mental conflict brought on by the three friends' suspicion of his insincerity, which he felt untrue, but which seemed justified by his trials from God; this was the poignant sting to his soul, for he accepted their premises, that great suffering proved great sin.
Here he failed; yet amidst his impatient groans he still clung desperately to his faith and followed hard after God, and felt sure God would yet vindicate him (Job 23:10; 19:25-27). His chief error was his undue self justification before God, which he at last utterly renounces (Job 30:25 to Job 31; Job 32:1; 33:9; 9:17; 10:7; 16:17; 27:5; 29:10-17; 40:4-5; 42:5-6). After fretfully demanding God's interposition (23) to vindicate his innocence he had settled down into the sad conviction that God heeds not, and that His ways of providence are as a theory inexplicable to man while practical wisdom is the fear of the Lord (Job 28:28). Elihu gives a leading solution of the problem. God not only hereafter shall judge the world, but even now providentially and morally controls all its affairs.
Even the righteous have sin which needs correction. God speaks to them by chastisement; He is not really silent (Job 16:21; 23:3; 31:35), as Job had complained (Job 33:14, etc.); He teaches them humility, and prepares them for pardon and life through the mediating Angel of the covenant (of whom Elihu is the type: Job 33:6-7,23-30). To Job's charge against God of injustice Elihu answers that God's omnipotence (Job 34:35-36), upholding man in life when He could destroy him, and His universal government, exclude the idea of injustice in Him. To Job's charge that God's providence is unsearchable, Elihu answers that suffering is to teach humility and adorntion of His greatness. Affliction to the saint is justice and mercy in disguise; he is thereby led to feel the heinousness of sin (via crucis via salutis), and not being permitted by God's love to fall away for ever he repents of the impatience which suffering betrayed him into for a time.
Then, justifying God and condemning himself, he is finally delivered from temporal afflictions. Now already the godly are happier amidst afflictions than the ungodly (Mr 10:29-30). Even these considerations do not exhaust the subject; still difficulties remain. To answer these, God Himself (Job 38) appears on the scene, and resolves all that remains uncleared into the one resting thought of faith, the sovereignty of God. We must wait for His solution hereafter of what we know not now (Joh 13:7). Elihu is the preacher appealing to Job's reason and conscience. God alone, in His appearing, brings home the truth experimentally to Job's heart: "Judge not the Lord by feeble sense, But trust Him for His grace; Behind a frowning Providence He hides a smiling face. Blind unbelief is sure to err, And scan God's work in vain; God is His own interpreter, And He will make it plain."
CONSTRUCTION. The artificial construction of the poem appears in the oft recurring sacred numbers three and seven. Job had seven thousand sheep, seven sons, and three daughters, both before and after his trials. His three friends sit with him seven days and nights. "Job" in Arabic means repentance, the name given him in after life from his experiences. His personal reality appears f
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And their dwelling shall be from Mesha, in thy going to Sephar, a mountain of the east
After these words, the word of Jehovah was to Abram in a vision, saying, Thou shalt not fear, Abram: I a shield to thee, thy reward great exceedingly.
Uz, his first-born, and Buz, his brother, and Lemuel, the father of Aram.
These the chiefs the sons of Esau, the sons of Eliphaz the first-born of Esau: chief Teman, chief Omar, chief Zepho, chief Kenaz.
And I shall be seen to Abraham, to Isaak, and to Jacob, by God Almighty; and my name Jehovah I was not known to them.
I shall see him and not now: I shall look after him, and not near: a star came forth from Jacob, and a rod rose up from Israel and dashed in pieces the faces of Moab, and undermined all the sons of Seth.
And his possession will be seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred pair of oxen, and five hundred she asses, and service exceedingly much; and that man shall be great above all the sons of the east.
And the adversary will answer Yehovah and say, Did Job fear God gratuitously?
And he will say, Naked I came forth from my mother's womb, and naked shall I turn back there: Jehovah gave, and Jehovah took; the name of Jehovah shall be blessed.
And he will say to her, According to the word of one of the foolish women thou wilt speak. Shall we also receive good from God, and shall we not receive evil? In all this. Job sinned not with his lips.
The day shall perish I shall bring forth in it, and the night said, A male was conceived.
He took the wise in their craftiness, and the counsel of the perverse was headlong.
Who will assail me with tempest, and he multiplied my wounds without cause.
Upon thy knowledge that I will not do evil; and none delivering from thy hand.
If he shall slay me shall I not hope? only I will prove my ways to his face.
If he shall slay me shall I not hope? only I will prove my ways to his face.
The waters departed from the sea, and the river will be wasted and dried up;
If a man die, shall he live? All the days of my warfare I will wait till the coming of my change.
Shalt thou hear in the consultation of God? and wilt thou reserve wisdom to thyself?
Not for violence in my hands: and my prayer is clean.
Shall he judge for a man with God? and the son of man for his neighbor?
It shall dwell in his tent, from not to him: brimstone shall be scattered upon his dwelling.
And I knew he redeeming me lived, and at last he shall rise up upon the dust:
And I knew he redeeming me lived, and at last he shall rise up upon the dust: And after they destroyed my skin, this, and from my flesh I shall see God: read more. Which I shall see for myself, and mine eyes beheld, and not a stranger: my reins were finished in my bosom.
He will be for filling his belly, he will send upon him the burning of his anger, and will rain upon him in his eating. He shall flee from the weapon of iron, the bow of brass shall pierce him.
Wilt thou watch the path of old which men of iniquity trod?
Take now the law from his mouth, and set his words in thy heart
For they were humbled, and thou wilt say, A lifting up; and he will save him depressed of eyes.
The left hand in his working, and I shall not behold: he will cover himself on the right hand, and I shall not see. For he knew the way with me,: he tried me.; I shall come forth as gold.
For he knew the way with me,: he tried me.; I shall come forth as gold. My foot laid hold upon his going, I watched his way and not softly. read more. From the command of his lips and I will not waver; from his law I hid the words of his mouth. And he is in one, and who shall turn him back? and his soul desired, and he will do. For he will finish my appointing: and many such with him. For this I shall tremble from his face: I shall consider, and I shall be afraid of him.
Far be it to me if I shall justify you: till I expire I will not remove my integrity from me.
And he will say to man, Behold, the fear of Jehovah, that is wisdom; and to depart from evil is understanding.
The voice the leaders hid, and their tongue was joined to their palate. If the ear heard, and it will pronounce me happy; and the eye saw, and it will testify to me: read more. For I shall deliver the poor crying, and the orphan, and none helping to him. The praise of him perishing will come upon me, and I shall cause the heart of the widow to rejoice. I put on justice and it will clothe me: my judgment as an upper garment and a turban. Eyes was I to the blind one, and feet to the lame was I. I was a father to the needy, and the contention I knew not I shall search it out And I shall break the biter's teeth of the evil one, and I shall cast the prey from his teeth.
I shall choose their way, and I shall sit the head, and I shall dwell as king in the troop, as he shall comfort those mourning.
Plucking off sea purslain upon the shrub, the root of broom their bread. They shall be driven forth from the midst, they shall cry after them as a thief: read more. To dwell in the horror of the valleys, holes of the dust, and the rocks. Between the shrubs they will bray; they will be poured out under the thorn bush.
If I wept not for him being hard of day: my soul was grieved for the needy.
If I shall see the light when it shall shine, and the moon going in splendor; And my heart will be seduced in secret, and my hand shall kiss to my mouth: read more. Also this an iniquity for the judges: for I lied to God from above.
Who will give to me hearing to me.? Behold, my sign, the Almighty will answer me, and the man contending with me wrote a book.
And these three men will cease from answering Job, for he is just in his eyes.
Behold, I am according to thy mouth for God: from clay was I also broken off Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, and my hand shall not be heavy upon thee.
I am clean without transgression; I am fair, and no iniquity to me.
For God will speak at once, and at a second time, and he shall not regard it.
If there is a messenger upon him, an interpreter, one from a thousand, to announce to man his uprightness: And he will compassionate him and say, Deliver him from going down to the pit: I found an expiation. read more. His flesh revived above a youth: he shall turn back to the days of his childhood. He shall pray to God and he shall receive him into favor: and he shall see his face with rejoicing, and he will turn back to man his justice. He will look upon men, and he shall say, I sinned, and I perverted the right, and it was not fitting to me; Redeem my soul from passing into the pit, and my life shall look upon light Behold, all these God will work twice, thrice, with man, To turn back his soul from the pit, to enlighten with the light of the living.
Job will speak not with knowledge, and his word not with understanding. My father, Job shall be tried even to the end, for turning back with men of iniquity.
And Jehovah will answer Job from the whirlwind, and he will say,
Behold, I was vile; what shall I turn back to thee? I put my hand to my mouth. Once I sake, and I will not answer: and twice, and I will not add.
By the hearing of the ear I heard of thee: and now mine eyes saw thee:
By the hearing of the ear I heard of thee: and now mine eyes saw thee: For this, I shall melt away, and I lamented in dust and ashes.
For thou wilt not leave my soul to hades; thou wilt not give thy merciful ones to see corruption.
I in justice shall see thy face: I shall be satisfied in awaking with thine appearance.
And the water failed from the sea, and the river will waste and dry up.
Cursed the day which I was born in it; the day which my mother brought me forth shall not be blessed. Cursed the man who announced to my father, Good news; saying, A son, a male was born to thee; with rejoicing, making him rejoice.
And were these three men in its midst, Noah, Daniel, and Job, they by their justice shall deliver their souls, says the Lord Jehovah.
These three men in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, if sons and if daughters they shall deliver; they alone shall be delivered, and the land shall be a desolation. Or I shall bring a sword upon that land, and I said, Sword, thou shalt pass through the land; and I cut off from it man and cattle. read more. And these three men in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, they shall not deliver sons and daughters, for they alone shall be delivered. Or I shall send death to that land, and I poured out my wrath upon it in blood, to cut off from it man and cattle And Noah, Daniel, and Job, in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, if son if daughter they shall deliver; they by their justice shall deliver their soul.
For wherever be the fall, there will the eagles be gathered together.
And Jesus having answered, said, Truly I say to you, There is none who has left house, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or fields, for sake of me, and the good news, Except he should receive a hundred-fold now in this time, houses, and brethren, and sisters, and mother, and children, and fields, with expulsions; and in the time coming eternal life.
And he said to them, These the words which I spake to you, being yet with you, for all things must be completed, written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the Psalms, concerning me.
Jesus answered and said to him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know after these.
For who knew the mind of the Lord? or who was his counsel? Or who first gave to him, and it shall be given back to him?
Be ye humbled before the Lord, and he will lift you up.
Behold, we esteem those enduring happy. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and ye see the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.
Searching for whom or what time the Spirit of Christ which in them manifested, testifying beforehand the sufferings to Christ, and the glories after these. To whom it was revealed, that not to themselves, but to us they were serving these things, which now have been again proclaimed to you by them having announced the good news in the Holy Spirit sent from heaven; into which angels eagerly desire to stoop and creep.
Hastings
JOB
1. The man Job.
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And Bela will die, and Jobab will reign instead of him, the son of Zerah from Bozrah.
And Bela will die, and Jobab will reign instead of him, the son of Zerah from Bozrah.
And the sons of Issachar: Tola and Phuvah, and Job and Shimron.
And Moses will say to Jehovah, And the Egyptians heard, for thou didst bring up with thy strength this people from the midst of them; And they will say to those dwelling upon this land; they heard that thou Jehovah art in the midst of this people who wert seen eye to eye; thou Jehovah and thy cloud stood over them, and in a pillar of cloud thou goest before them by day, and in a pillar of fire by night. read more. And didst thou kill this people as one man, and the nations spake who heard thy fame, saying, Because Jehovah will not be able to bring in this people to the land which he sware to them, he will slay them in the desert
And it will be when Jabin, king of Hazor, heard, and he will send to Jobab, king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
And he will beget from Hodesh his wife, Jobab, and Zibia, and Mesha, and Malcham,
And seven sons and three daughters will be born to him.
And seven sons and three daughters will be born to him.
And Sheba will fall and take them; they struck the young men by the month of the sword; and only shall escape, I alone, to announce to thee.. This one yet speaking, and this came, and he will say, The fire of God. fell from the heavens, and it will burn upon the sheep and upon the young men, and it will devour them; and I shall escape, only I alone, to announce to thee. read more. This one yet speaking, and this came, and he will say, The Chaldeans set three heads, and they invaded upon the camels, and they will take them, and they struck the young men with the mouth of the sword; and I shall escape, only I alone, to announce to thee.
And behold, a great wind came from beyond the desert., and it will touch upon the four corners of the house, and fall upon the young men, and they will die; and I shall escape, I only, to announce to thee.
And he will say, Naked I came forth from my mother's womb, and naked shall I turn back there: Jehovah gave, and Jehovah took; the name of Jehovah shall be blessed.
And he will take to him a pot sherd to scrape himself with it, and he will sit in the midst of the ashes.
And the three friends of Job will hear all this evil coming upon him, and they will come, a man from his place:: Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite: and they will appoint to come together to deplore for him, and to comfort him.
After this Job opened his mouth, and he will curse his day.
The day shall perish I shall bring forth in it, and the night said, A male was conceived. That day shall be darkness; God shall not search it out from above, and the light shall not shine upon it.
They cursing the day shall curse it, they being ready to rouse up the sea monster. The stars of its twilight shall he dark; it shall wait for light, and none; and it shall not look upon the eyelashes of the dawn., read more. Because it shut not up the doors of my belly; and shall it hide the labor of mine eyes?
And a word shall be brought to me by stealth, and mine ear will take a transient sound from it In thoughts, from visions of the night, in the falling of deep sleep upon men, read more. Fear met me, and trembling, and caused the multitude of my bones to tremble. And the spirit will glide before my face; the hair of my flesh will stand erect: It will stand, and I shall not recognize its appearance: a form before mine eyes; I shall hear stillness and a voice: Shall a man be just above God? If a man shall be pure above him making him? Behold, in his servants he will not trust, and upon his messengers he will set folly: Also those dwelling in houses of clay which their foundation in the dust, being crushed before the moth. From morning to evening they will be struck; from not setting to superintend they will perish. Did not their remainder in them remove? They will die, and not in wisdom.
My brethren dealt faithlessly as a torrent; as a channel of torrents they shall pass away; Being darkened because of ice, upon them the snow will be hid: read more. In the time they will flow of they became extinct: in its heat they were extinguished from their place. The paths of their way will turn aside; they will go up into desolation and perish. Behold the paths of Tema; the goings of Sheba, wait ye for them. They were ashamed for trusting; they came even to it, they will be put to shame.
What is man that thou wilt magnify him? and that thou wilt set thy heart to him?
So the paths of all forgetting God and the hope of the profane one shall perish.
He made Ash-Chesil and Cimah, and the chambers of the south;
God will not turn back his anger, the helpers of pride bowed down under him.
Thy hands formed me, and they will work me together round about; and thou wilt swallow me down. Remember now, thou didst make me as day; and thou wilt turn me back to dust. read more. Wilt thou not weigh me out as milk, and coagulate me as cheese? Thou wilt clothe me with skin and flesh, and thou wilt hedge me with bones and sinews. Thou didst with me life and mercy, and thy reviewing watched my spirit And these thou didst hide in thy heart: I knew that this is with thee. If I sinned; and thou didst watch me, and thou wilt not acquit me from mine iniquity. If I did evil, wo to me; and was I just, I shall not lift up my head, being filled with dishonor: and see thou mine affliction; And shall it be lifted up? Thou wilt hunt me as the lion, and thou wilt turn back, thou wilt show thyself wonderful upon me. Thou wilt renew thy testimonies before me, and thou wilt increase thy wrath upon me; changes and war with me.
Who knew not in all these that the hand of God did this?
Leading away counselors stripped off and he will make foolish the judges He loosed the bonds of kings, and he will gird upon their loins a girdle. read more. Leading away priests stripped off, and he will overthrow the mighty. Removing the lip to the faithful, and he will take discernment of old men. Proving contempt upon nobles, and he slackened the girdle of the strong. Revealing deep things from darkness, and he will bring to light the shadow of death. Making great to the nations, and he will destroy them: he spread out to the nations, and he will guide them. Taking away the heart of the heads of the people of the earth, and he will cause them to wander in a waste, not a way. They will feel darkness and not light, and he will cause them to wander as one intoxicated.
Man being born of woman is short of days and full of disquiet And as a flower he will come forth, and will be cut down: and he will flee as a shadow, and shall not stand. read more. Also upon this one didst thou open thine eyes? and wilt thou bring Me into judgment with thee? For who shall give a clean thing from an unclean? Not one.
For who shall give a clean thing from an unclean? Not one. If his days are determined, the number of his months with thee; thou madest his limit; he shall not pass over. read more. Look away from him and be shall cease, till he shall delight as an hireling in his day. For there is hope for a tree if it shall be cut down, and it shall yet revive, and its suckers shall not cease. If its root shall grow old in the earth, and its trunk shall die in the dust From the smell of water it will break forth, and make foliage as a plant And man will die and be weak: and man will expire, and where is he? The waters departed from the sea, and the river will be wasted and dried up; And man lay down and he will not rise: till the heavens be no more they shall not awake and rise from their sleep.
But now he made me weary: thou hast made desolate all mine assembly. Thou wilt lay fast hold on me to be for a testimony, and my leanness will rise up in me; it will answer against my face. read more. He rent in his anger, and he will lie in wait for me, gnashing upon me with his teeth; mine enemy will sharpen his eyes against me. They gaped upon me with their mouth; with reproach they struck upon my cheek; they will fill out together against me. God will shut me up to the evil one, and he will cast me into the hands of the unjust I was secure, and he will break me in pieces: and he seized upon my neck and he will disperse me, and he will set me up to him for a mark: His multitudes will surround upon me, he will cleave my reins asunder, and not spare; he will pour my gall upon the earth. He will break me, breaking upon the face of breaking; he will run upon me as the strong one. I sewed together sackcloth upon my skin, and I thrust my horn into the dust. My face became red from weeping, and upon my eye-lashes the shadow of death Not for violence in my hands: and my prayer is clean.
Also now, behold, my witness in the heavens, and my testimony in the heights.
And I knew he redeeming me lived, and at last he shall rise up upon the dust:
And I knew he redeeming me lived, and at last he shall rise up upon the dust: And after they destroyed my skin, this, and from my flesh I shall see God:
And after they destroyed my skin, this, and from my flesh I shall see God: Which I shall see for myself, and mine eyes beheld, and not a stranger: my reins were finished in my bosom.
Which I shall see for myself, and mine eyes beheld, and not a stranger: my reins were finished in my bosom.
Is not thine evil much? and no end to thine iniquities? For thou wilt take a pledge of thy brethren, in vain, and the garments of the naked thou wilt strip of read more. Thou wilt not give to the weary one water to drink, and from the hungry one thou wilt withhold bread. And the man of arm, to him the earth; and the lifted up of face dwelt in it. Thou didst send away widows empty, and the arms of the orphans will be broken.
Take now the law from his mouth, and set his words in thy heart
He is swift upon the face of the waters; their portion will be cursed in the earth: he will not see the way of the vineyards. Dryness, also heat, will strip the snow waters: hades him sinning. read more. The womb shall forget him; the worm sucked him; he shall be no more remembered: and iniquity shall be broken as a tree. He did evil to the barren; she will not bear: andhewill not do good to the widow.
Dominion and fear with him; he made peace in his heights.
And Job will answer and say, How didst thou help to him of no strength? didst thou save the arm of no strength? read more. How didst thou counsel to him of no wisdom? and didst thou make known help for abundance? And with whom didst thou announce words? and whose breath came forth from thee? The shades shall tremble from under the waters, and their inhabitants. Hades is naked before him, and no covering to destruction. He stretched out the north upon emptiness, he hung up the earth upon nothing. He bound up the waters in his clouds, and the cloud was not rent under them. Holding fast the face of the throne, he spread his cloud upon it He marked out with a compass the law upon the face of the waters, even till the end of light with darkness.. The pillars of the heavens shall be shaken, and be astonished from his reproof. By his power he caused the sea to tremble; by his understanding he smote through pride.
By his power he caused the sea to tremble; by his understanding he smote through pride. By his spirit he polished the heavens; his hand pierced the flat serpent
By his spirit he polished the heavens; his hand pierced the flat serpent Behold these the ends of his ways; how transient a sound of the word was heard in him! and the thunder of his might who shall understand?
God lives, he removed my judgment; and the Almighty embittered my soul; For all the while my breath is in me, and the spirit of God in my nose; read more. If my lips shall speak iniquity, and my tongue if it shall murmur deceit Far be it to me if I shall justify you: till I expire I will not remove my integrity from me.
Far be it to me if I shall justify you: till I expire I will not remove my integrity from me. My justice I held fast, and I will not let it go: my heart shall not reproach from my days.
My justice I held fast, and I will not let it go: my heart shall not reproach from my days. Mine enemy shall be as the unjust one, and he rising up against me, as the evil one.
Mine enemy shall be as the unjust one, and he rising up against me, as the evil one. For what the hope of the profane one if he shall plunder? for God shall draw out his soul.
For what the hope of the profane one if he shall plunder? for God shall draw out his soul. Will God hear his cry when straits shall come upon him?
Will God hear his cry when straits shall come upon him? If he will delight himself upon the Almighty? will he call upon God in all time?
If he will delight himself upon the Almighty? will he call upon God in all time? I will teach you by the hand of God: what is with the Almighty I will not hide.
I will teach you by the hand of God: what is with the Almighty I will not hide. Behold, all ye yourselves saw; and wherefore this, will ye breathe out vanity? read more. This the portion of an unjust man with God, and the inheritance of the terrible they shall take from the Almighty.
This the portion of an unjust man with God, and the inheritance of the terrible they shall take from the Almighty. If his sons shall be multiplied, for then the sword: and his offspring shall not be satisfied with bread.
If his sons shall be multiplied, for then the sword: and his offspring shall not be satisfied with bread. His surviving one shall be buried in death, and his widows shall not weep. read more. If he shall heap up silver as the dust, and prepare clothing as clay; He shall prepare, and the just shall put on, and the innocent shall divide the silver. He built his house as the moth, and as a booth he watching made. The rich one shall lie down, and he shall not be gathered: he opened his eyes, and he is not Terrors shall hedge him about as waters, the night a tempest stole him away. The east wind shall lift him up, and he shall go: and it shall sweep him away in storm from his place. For he shall cast upon him and not spare: fleeing, he will flee from his hand. It shall be clapped upon him with their hands, and it shall be hissed upon him from his place.
It shall be clapped upon him with their hands, and it shall be hissed upon him from his place.
And he will say to man, Behold, the fear of Jehovah, that is wisdom; and to depart from evil is understanding.
And saying, I shall expire with my nest I shall multiply days as the sand.
The thorn shall come forth, instead of wheat, and the weed instead of barley. The words of Job were completed
The thorn shall come forth, instead of wheat, and the weed instead of barley. The words of Job were completed
And these three men will cease from answering Job, for he is just in his eyes. And the anger of Elihu will kindle, son of Barachel the Buzite, from the family of Ram: against Job was, his anger kindled, for his justifying his soul above God. read more. And against his three friends was his anger kindled, because they, found not an answer, and they will condemn Job. And Elihu waited for Job in words, for they were old for days above him. And Elihu will see that not an Answer in the mouth of the three men, and his anger will kindle, And Elihu, the son of Barachel the Buzite will answer and say, I few for days, and ye old men; for this I was afraid, and I shall fear showing you my knowledge.
And he was chastened with pain upon his bed, and the multitude of his bones perpetually. His life loathed bread, and his soul food of desire. read more. His flesh will consume away from seeing, and they saw not the nakedness of his bones. And his soul will draw near to the pit, and his life to the dead. If there is a messenger upon him, an interpreter, one from a thousand, to announce to man his uprightness: And he will compassionate him and say, Deliver him from going down to the pit: I found an expiation. His flesh revived above a youth: he shall turn back to the days of his childhood. He shall pray to God and he shall receive him into favor: and he shall see his face with rejoicing, and he will turn back to man his justice. He will look upon men, and he shall say, I sinned, and I perverted the right, and it was not fitting to me; Redeem my soul from passing into the pit, and my life shall look upon light
And he will uncover their ear for instruction, and he will say that they shall turn back from iniquity.
He will deliver the poor one in his affliction, and he will uncover their ear in oppression.
He will deliver the poor one in his affliction, and he will uncover their ear in oppression.
And Jehovah will answer Job from the whirlwind, and he will say,
Wilt thou bind the bands of the cluster, or wilt thou open the cords of Orion?
The wings of ostriches exulted; and the wing-feather of the stork and the pinion. For she will leave her eggs to the earth, and she will warm them in the dust; read more. And she will forget that the foot will press it, and the beast of the field will crush it She made hard to her sons as not to her: her labor in vain without fear; For God caused her to forget wisdom, and he divided not to her in understanding. For the time she will lash herself up upon height, she will laugh at the horse and at his rider.
By the hearing of the ear I heard of thee: and now mine eyes saw thee:
And it will be after Jehovah spake these words to Job, and Jehovah will say to Eliphaz the Temanite, Mine anger was kindled against thee, and against thy two friends: for ye spake not the right before me as my servant Job.
And it will be after Jehovah spake these words to Job, and Jehovah will say to Eliphaz the Temanite, Mine anger was kindled against thee, and against thy two friends: for ye spake not the right before me as my servant Job. And now take to you seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and bring up a burnt-offering for yourselves; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for his face I will accept, so as not to do with you for folly, for ye spake not to me the right as my servant Job.
And now take to you seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and bring up a burnt-offering for yourselves; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for his face I will accept, so as not to do with you for folly, for ye spake not to me the right as my servant Job. And Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, Zophar the Naamathite, will go, and they will do according as God Jehovah spake: and Jehovah will accept the face of Job. read more. And Jehovah turned back the captivity of Job in his praying for his friends: and Jehovah added all which was to Job, to the double. And there will come to him all his brethren and all his sisters, and all knowing him before; and they will eat bread with him in his house: and they will deplore for him, and they will comfort him upon all the evil which Jehovah brought upon him: and they will give to him tack one weight, and each one ring of gold. And Jehovah blessed the latter state of Job more than his beginning: and there will be to him fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she-asses.
And Jehovah blessed the latter state of Job more than his beginning: and there will be to him fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she-asses. And there will be to him seven sons and three daughters.
And there will be to him seven sons and three daughters.
And there will be to him seven sons and three daughters. And he will call the name of the one, Jemima; and the name of the second, Kezia; and the name of the third, Keren-Happuch. read more. And women were not found fair as the daughters of Job, in all the land: and their father will give to them an inheritance in the midst of their brethren. And Job will live after this a hundred and forty years, and he will see his sons, and his sons' sons, four generations. And Job will die, old and full of days.
What is man that thou wilt remember him? and the son of man that thou wilt review him?
Cursed the day which I was born in it; the day which my mother brought me forth shall not be blessed. Cursed the man who announced to my father, Good news; saying, A son, a male was born to thee; with rejoicing, making him rejoice. read more. And that man being as the cities which Jehovah overthrew, and lamented not: and hearing the cry in the morning and the loud noise in time of noon. Because he killed me not from the womb, and my mother will be to me my grave, and her womb pregnant forever. Wherefore this came I forth from the womb to see labor and sorrow, and my days shall be finished with shame?
And the word of Jehovah will be to me, saying, Son of man, if a land shall sin against me to cover a transgression, and I stretched forth my hands upon it, and I broke to it the staff of bread, and sent famine upon it, and I cut off from it man and cattle: read more. And were these three men in its midst, Noah, Daniel, and Job, they by their justice shall deliver their souls, says the Lord Jehovah. If I shall cause the evil beast to pass through upon the land, and it was bereaved, and there was desolation from not passing through from the face of the beast: These three men in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, if sons and if daughters they shall deliver; they alone shall be delivered, and the land shall be a desolation. Or I shall bring a sword upon that land, and I said, Sword, thou shalt pass through the land; and I cut off from it man and cattle. And these three men in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, they shall not deliver sons and daughters, for they alone shall be delivered. Or I shall send death to that land, and I poured out my wrath upon it in blood, to cut off from it man and cattle And Noah, Daniel, and Job, in its midst, I live, says the Lord Jehovah, if son if daughter they shall deliver; they by their justice shall deliver their soul.
And in mount Zion shall be an escaping and there was holiness; and the house of Jacob shall possess their possessions.
Behold, we esteem those enduring happy. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and ye see the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.
Morish
1. The 'perfect and upright man' whose history is given in the book of Job.
2. Son of Issachar. Ge 46:13. See JASHUB.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the sons of Issachar: Tola and Phuvah, and Job and Shimron.
Smith
(persecuted), the third son of Issachar,
called in another genealogy JASHUB.
See Jashub
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the sons of Issachar: Tola and Phuvah, and Job and Shimron.
Watsons
JOB, a patriarch celebrated for his patience, and the constancy of his piety and virtue. That Job was a real, and not a fictitious, character, may be inferred from the manner in which he is mentioned in the Scriptures. Thus, the Prophet Ezekiel speaks of him: "Though these three men, Noah, Daniel, and Job, were in it, they should deliver but their own souls by their righteousness, saith the Lord God," Eze 14:14. Now since Noah and Daniel were unquestionably real characters, we must conclude the same of Job. "Behold," says the Apostle James, "we count them happy which endure: ye have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the end of the Lord, that the Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy," Jas 5:11. It is scarcely to be believed that a divinely inspired Apostle would refer to an imaginary character as an example of patience, or in proof of the mercy of God. But, beside the authority of the inspired writers, we have the strongest internal evidence, from the book itself, that Job was a real person; for it expressly specifies the names of persons, places, facts, and other circumstances usually related in true histories. Thus, we have the name, country, piety, wealth, &c, of Job described, Job i; the names, number, and acts of his children are mentioned; the conduct of his wife is recorded as a fact, Job ii; his friends, their names, countries, and discourses with him in his afflictions are minutely delineated, Job 2:11, &c. Farther: no reasonable doubt can be entertained respecting the real existence of Job, when we consider that it is proved by the concurrent testimony of all eastern tradition: he is mentioned by the author of the book of Tobit, who lived during the Assyrian captivity; he is also repeatedly mentioned by Arabian writers as a real character. The whole of his history, with many fabulous additions, was known among the Syrians and Chaldeans; and many of the noblest families among the Arabs are distinguished by his name, and boast of being descended from him.
Since, then, says Horne, the book of Job contains the history of a real character, the next point is the age in which he lived, a question concerning which there is as great a diversity of opinion, as upon any other subject connected with this venerable monument of sacred antiquity. One thing, however, is generally admitted with respect to the age of the book of Job, namely, its remote antiquity. Even those who contend for the later production of the book of Job are compelled to acquiesce in this particular. Grotius thinks the events of the history are such as cannot be placed later than the sojourning of the Israelites in the wilderness. Bishop Warburton, in like manner, admits them to bear the marks of high antiquity; and Michaelis confesses the manners to be perfectly Abrahamic, that is, such as were common to all the seed of Abraham, Israelites, Ishmaelites, and Idumeans. The following are the principal circumstances from which the age of Job may be collected and ascertained:
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And Noah will build an altar to Jehovah, and will take from all clean cattle, and from all clean birds, and will bring up a burnt offering upon the altar.
And Melchise-dek, king of Salem, bringing forth bread and wine: and he is priest of the most high God.
And she will bring forth to him, Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And Jokshan begat Sheba, and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Asshurim, and Letushim and Leummim.
And Pharaoh will call Joseph's name Zaphnath-paaneah; and he will give to him Asenath, daughter of PotiPherah, priest of Ain, for a wife; and Joseph will go forth over the land of Egypt
And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, will take a burnt-offering and sacrifices to God: and Aaron will come, and all the old men of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law before God.
And the cities from the extremity to the tribe of the sons of Judah, to the bound of Edom in the south, will be Kabzeel and Eder, and Jagur,
And Gederoth, the House of Dagon, and Naamath and Makedah; sixteen cities and their enclosures:
A man as in the land of Uz, Job his name; and that man was blameless and upright, and fearing God, and departing from evil.
And his sons went and made a drinking in the house, a man his day; and they sent and called for their three sisters to eat and drink with them. And it will be that the days of drinking went round, and Job will send and consecrate them, and he rose early in the morning and brought up burnt-offerings for the number of them all: for Job said, Perhaps my sons sinned, and blessed God in their hearts. Thus did Job all the days.
And the three friends of Job will hear all this evil coming upon him, and they will come, a man from his place:: Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite: and they will appoint to come together to deplore for him, and to comfort him.
For ask now to the first generation, and prepare to seek their fathers: (For yesterday are we and we shall not know, for our days upon earth are a shadow:)
For thou wilt write bitter things against me; and thou wilt give me to inherit the iniquities of my youth.
Also the gray headed and old man with us, great of days above thy fathers.
Who will give now, and my words shall be written? who will give and they shall be delineated in a book?. They shall be cut in the rock with a style of iron and lead, forever.
If I shall see the light when it shall shine, and the moon going in splendor; And my heart will be seduced in secret, and my hand shall kiss to my mouth: read more. Also this an iniquity for the judges: for I lied to God from above.
And I waited, (for they will not speak, for they stood, they answered no more:) I also will answer my part, I also will show my knowledge.
And Jehovah blessed the latter state of Job more than his beginning: and there will be to him fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she-asses.
And Job will live after this a hundred and forty years, and he will see his sons, and his sons' sons, four generations.
And Job will live after this a hundred and forty years, and he will see his sons, and his sons' sons, four generations.
Dedan and Tema, and Buz, and all the cutting off the extremity,
To Edom, thus said Jehovah of armies, Is wisdom no more in Teman? did counsel perish from the discerning? was their wisdom poured out? Flee ye, turn back, make deep to dwell, ye dwelling in Dedan; for I brought the calamity of Esau upon him, the time of his reviewing.
For this, hear ye the counsel of Jehovah which he counseled against Edom: and his purposes which he purposed against the inhabitants of Teman: If not the least of the flock will drag them out: if he shall not make their habitation destitute upon them.
And were these three men in its midst, Noah, Daniel, and Job, they by their justice shall deliver their souls, says the Lord Jehovah.
For this, thus said the Lord Jehovah: and I stretched out my hand upon Edom, and I cut of from her man and cattle; and I gave her a waste from the south; and Dedan shall fall by the sword.
Thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I will not turn it back: for his pursuing his brother with the sword, and he destroyed his compassions, and his anger will rend forever, and his wrath was observed perpetually. And I sent a fire upon Teman and it devoured the palaces of Bozrah.
Was it not in that day, says Jehovah, and I destroyed the wise out of Edom, and understanding from mount Esau? And thy strong ones were terrified, O Teman, so that each shall be cut off from mount Esau from slaughter.
Behold, we esteem those enduring happy. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and ye see the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.