Reference: Lazarus
American
1. A friend and disciple of Christ, brother of Martha and Mary, with whom he resided at Bethany near Jerusalem. Our Savior had a high regard for the family, and often visited them; and when Lazarus was dangerously ill, word was sent to Christ, "Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick." The Savior reached Bethany after he had lain four days in his grave, and restored him to life by a word, "Lazarus, come forth." This public and stupendous miracle drew so many to Christ, that his enemies sought to put both him and Lazarus to death, Joh 11; 12:1-11. The narrative displays Christ as a tender and compassionate friend, weeping for and with those he loved, and at the same time as the Prince of life, beginning his triumph over death and the grave. Happy are they who, in view of their own death, or that of friends, can know that they are safe in Him who says, "I am the resurrection and the life;" and, "because I live, ye shall live also."
2. The helpless beggar who lay at the rich man's gate in one of Christ's most solemn and instructive parables. The one, though poor and sorely afflicted, was a child of God. The other described as self-indulgent rather than vicious or criminal was living without God in the enjoyment of every earthly luxury. Their state in this life was greatly in contrast with their real character before God, which was revealed in the amazing changes of their condition at death, Lu 16:19-31. See ABRAHAM'S BOSOM. Our Savior plainly teaches us, in this parable, that both the friends and the foes of God know and begin to experience their doom immediately after death, and that it is in both cases unchangeable and eternal.
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Now there was a certain rich man, who was clothed in purple and fine linen, living voluptuously and splendidly every day. And there was a poor man named Lazarus, read more. who was laid at his gate full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table: and the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the poor man died, and was carried by angels to Abraham's bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried. And in hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham from afar, and Lazarus in his bosom. And he cried out and said, Father Abraham, have pity on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame. And Abraham said, Son, remember that thou receivedst thy good things in thy life-time, and likewise Lazarus his evils: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented. And besides, there is a great gulf fixed between us and you; so that they, who would pass from hence to you, cannot; nor can they pass to us, who would come from thence. Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house: for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment. Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them: and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent. And he replied, If they hearken not to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one should rise from the dead.
Easton
an abbreviation of Eleazar, whom God helps. (1.) The brother of Mary and Martha of Bethany. He was raised from the dead after he had lain four days in the tomb (Joh 11:1-44). This miracle so excited the wrath of the Jews that they sought to put both Jesus and Lazarus to death.
(2.) A beggar named in the parable recorded Lu 16:19-31.
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Now there was a certain rich man, who was clothed in purple and fine linen, living voluptuously and splendidly every day. And there was a poor man named Lazarus, read more. who was laid at his gate full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table: and the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the poor man died, and was carried by angels to Abraham's bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried. And in hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham from afar, and Lazarus in his bosom. And he cried out and said, Father Abraham, have pity on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame. And Abraham said, Son, remember that thou receivedst thy good things in thy life-time, and likewise Lazarus his evils: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented. And besides, there is a great gulf fixed between us and you; so that they, who would pass from hence to you, cannot; nor can they pass to us, who would come from thence. Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house: for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment. Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them: and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent. And he replied, If they hearken not to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one should rise from the dead.
Now there was a certain person sick, to wit, Lazarus of Bethany, the town of Mary and Martha her sister. (And it was Mary, that anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.) read more. His sisters therefore sent to Him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick. But when Jesus heard it, He said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God may be glorified thereby. Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus. Therefore when He heard that Lazarus was sick, He stayed indeed two days in the place where He was: and after that He saith to his disciples, Let us go again into Judea. The disciples say unto Him, Master, the Jews very lately attempted to stone thee, and art thou going thither again? Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? if any man walk in the day, he doth not stumble; for he seeth the light of this world: but if any one walk in the night, he stumbleth; because he hath no light. Having thus answered them, He afterwards saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus is asleep; but I am going to awake him. Therefore his disciples said, Lord, if he sleep, he will do well. But Jesus spake of his death; though they thought that He was speaking of the refreshment of sleep. Then Jesus said to them plainly, Lazarus is dead: and I am glad for your sakes, I was not there, that ye may believe: but let us go to him. Thomas therefore, who is called Didymus, said to his fellow-disciples, Let us also go, that we may die with him. And when Jesus came, He found that he had been four days in the grave. Now Bethany was near to Jerusalem, being but about fifteen furlongs from it: and many of the Jews were come to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother. Therefore Martha, when she heard that Jesus was coming, went to meet Him: but Mary was sitting in the house. And Martha said unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. But I know that even now whatsoever thou shalt ask of God, God will grant it thee. Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again. Martha saith unto Him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day. Jesus then told her, I am the resurrection and the life: he that believeth on me, though he were dead, shall live again. And every one that is alive, and believeth in me, shall never die. Dost thou believe this? She saith unto Him, Yes, Lord, I believe that thou art the Messiah, the Son of God, who was to come into the world. And when she had said this, she went away, and called Mary her sister, telling her privately, The Master is coming and calleth for thee. As soon as she heard it, she gets up with all speed and comes to Him. For Jesus was not yet come into the town, but was in the place where Martha met Him. The Jews therefore that were with her in the house to comfort her, seeing Mary that she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, She is going to the grave to weep there. Then Mary, when she came where Jesus was and saw Him, fell down at his feet, saying unto Him, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. Jesus therefore, when He saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping, that came with her, groaned in spirit and was troubled. And He said, Where have ye laid him? They say unto Him, Lord, come and see: and Jesus wept. The Jews therefore said, Behold, how he loved him! but some of them said, Could not He, who opened the eyes of the blind, have caused also that this man should not have died? Jesus therefore, again groaning in himself, cometh to the sepulchre: which was a cave, and a stone lay upon it. Jesus saith, Take away the stone. Martha, the sister of the deceased, saith unto Him, Lord, by this time he is offensive; for it is the fourth day. Jesus saith unto her, Did I not tell thee, that if thou believest, thou shalt see the glory of God? So they took away the stone from the place where the corpse was laid. And Jesus lifted up his eyes and said, Father, I thank Thee, that Thou hast heard me. I knew indeed that Thou always hearest me: but because of the people standing by I say this, that they may believe that Thou hast sent me. And when He had said these things, He cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth. And he that had been dead came forth, having his feet and hands rolled up in grave-cloths: and his face bound about with a napkin. Then Jesus bid them, Loosen him and let him go.
Fausets
LAZARUS or ELEAZAR ("God helps".)
1. Of Bethany; brother of Mary and Martha (Joh 11:1). (See BETHANY.) The sisters were the better known, from whence they are put prominently forward here, and in Lu 10:38, etc., are alone named. Lazarus was "of (apo, 'belonging to at that time') Bethany, from (ek, implying his original settlement) the village of Mary and Martha" (still it is likely the same village is meant in both Luke 10 and John 11, namely, Bethany). Curiously, Ganneau found close to Bethany a tomb, probably of the first century, containing the names all together of Simon, Martha, and Lazarus. Lazarus' subordinate position at their feast in Christ's honour (Joh 12:2) makes it likely he was the youngest. Moreover, the house is called that of Simon the leper (Mt 26:6; Mr 14:3); who was probably therefore their father, but either by death or leprosy no longer with them, though possibly he too, as a leper healed by Jesus, was then one of that happy family.
Their friends from Jerusalem (Joh 11:19), according to John's use of "the Jews," were of the ruling elders and Pharisees. The feast; the costly ointment, the family funeral cave (compare Isa 22:16; 2Ki 23:6; Jer 26:23), all bespeak good social position. The sisters' warm attachment to Lazarus was strengthened by their common love to Jesus who loved all three (Joh 11:5). Lazarus had won the disciples' love too, for Jesus calls him "our friend" (Joh 11:11). At the time of Lazarus' sickness and the sisters' call, Jesus was in Peraea beyond Jordan, on His way to Jerusalem, two days' journey from Bethany. He delayed two days to give time for that death which He foresaw, and from which He was about to raise Lazarus. On proposing to go to Judea, His disciples remonstrated on the ground that He would be going into the very danger from which He had just escaped (Joh 10:39-40; 11:8-10).
He replied that while His appointed day yet lasted He was safe, and that He was going to awaken Lazarus out of sleep. He was "glad" that He had not been on the spot before, that Lazarus' death and rising might awaken the disciples out of the deadness of unbelief. The sisters grieved at His seeming neglect. God sees cause for joy where even His people see only cause for grief. Four days had elapsed after the call when He arrived. Martha went and met Him, while Mary sat in the house, in beautiful harmony with the character of each respectively, described in Lu 10:40-42. Martha's faith had now become stronger; so she says, "Lord, I know that even now whatsoever Thou wilt ask of God, God will give it Thee (more buoyant in spirit than Mary, and cherishing even now a vague hope of her brother's restoration) ... Yea, Lord, I believe that Thou art the Christ the Son of God ... the Resurrection and the Life." Upon Martha telling Mary of Jesus' arrival and "call" for her, either expressed or implied ("secretly," through fear of Jewish informers, see Joh 11:28,46), the latter also came "quickly" to Him.
The Jews her friends, not having heard Martha's communication, supposed Mary was gone to the tomb to weep, but found her as of old "at Jesus' feet." Her words were fewer, but her action more impassioned, than those of her sister. So the whole company, Jesus, His disciples, the sisters, and their sympathizers, were met at the grave. At the sight of their weeping, Jesus "groaned in spirit," and troubled Himself, but checked His emotion which would otherwise have choked utterance. "Where have ye laid him?" Sympathy with their sorrow, which He was instantly to relieve, at last found vent in tears: "Jesus wept" (compare Lu 19:41; Heb 4:15). "Behold. how He loved him," the Jews, His adversaries, were constrained to exclaim. Their unbelief, "could not this man which opened the eyes of the blind (John 9, they allude not to the raising of Jairus' daughter and the widow of Nain's son, which took place in Galilee, but to the miracle which made such a stir in Jerusalem; they never thought of His raising the dead) have caused that even this man should not have died?" made Him "groan again."
Take away the stone. Martha, retaining still remainders of unbelief (she believed in Lazarus' future resurrection, but she hardly dared to believe what she herself had hinted at in Joh 11:22, that Christ will raise him now), objected on the ground of the body's presumed decomposition by this time. He tells her to "believe, so she shall see the glory of God." With a preparatory thanksgiving to the Father for the already felt answer to His prayer, He said, "Lazarus, come forth," and he came forth bound hand and foot, the graveclothes and napkin about his face. "Loose him, and let him go"; contrast Jesus' resurrection, the graveclothes and the napkin folded separately, because, unlike Lazarus, He was to die no more (Joh 20:6-7). The same miracle which converted some Jews to belief furnished others only with materials for informing the Pharisees against Him. It brought the plots of the rulers and Caiaphas to a crisis (Joh 11:45-53).
The very sign which the Pharisees desired in the parable of Lazarus (Lu 16:27-30) is now granted in the person of one of the same name, but only stimulates them to their crowning sin, to kill Jesus, nay even to kill Lazarus too (Joh 12:10). The same sun that develops the fragrant violet strengthens the poison of the deadly nightshade. This is the crucial miracle of the truth of the Gospels. Spinosa said if this were true he would tear his system in pieces and embrace Christianity. As the Lord's Judaean ministry was not the subject of the first three evangelists, but the Galilean, they omit the raising of Lazarus. The Jews' consultation to kill Lazarus, and his own probable shrinking from publicity after such a mysterious experience, perhaps further influenced them in their omission of the miracle. By John's time of writing the brother and sisters were dead, and no reason for reserve any longer existed.
Tradition says that Lazarus' first question on coming back was whether he should die again; on learning he must, he never smiled again. Such an impression was made by this miracle that many Jews flocked to Bethany to see both Jesus and Lazarus. The eye witnesses bore record, and the people who heard of it from them met Him on His way to Jerusalem, and formed part of His retinue in His triumphal entry with the palmbearing multitude (Joh 12:12,17-18). E. H. Plumptre (Smith's Dictionary) identifies Simon the leper with Simon the Pharisee (Lu 7:36-40); Martha had the Pharisees' belief in the resurrection (Joh 11:24); Mary's gift of the ointment was after the example of the sinful woman in Simon's house; the leprosy came on subsequently.
Also he identifies Lazarus with the rich young ruler (Matthew 19; Mark 10; Luke 18); Jesus' words to him, "one thing thou lackest," answer to His words to Martha. "one thing is needful"; "Jesus beholding loved him" (Mark) is said also of Lazarus (Joh 11:5); Jesus' love at last wrought out his conversion, possible to God though not to man; a sharp Palestine fever is sent to discipline him; his death and rising through Jesus' power is accompanied by his spiritual resurrection (Joh 5:24-25). Judas and the eleven expected, that the feast in Joh 12:2 was the farewell feast of Lazarus, renouncing his former life and obeying Christ's command, "sell that thou hast, and give to the poor"; hence, Judas' bitter objection, "why was not this ointment sold for 300 pence and given to the poor?"
On the night of Christ's betrayal Lazarus, whose Bethany home was near and was Christ's lodging on the previous night, in the hasty night alarm rushed eagerly with "the linen cloth (the term applied to graveclothes always, the same which he had on when the Lord raised him from the grave (Joh 11:44), sindon) cast about his naked body" (Mr 14:51-52; 15:46), and was seized by the high priest's servants as a second victim (Joh 12:10), whereas they let the other disciples escape.
2. Lazarus in the parable, Lu 16:19-31. The one unknown on earth has a name with God; the rich man, well known as a great man among men, has no name with God (Re 3:1). The historic Lazarus (John 11-12) belonged to the richer classes. Yet it is not a rich Lazarus, but Lazar
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Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust corrupts, and where thieves break through and steal: but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not break through nor steal: read more. for where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.
but I tell you, that many shall come from the east and from the west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven; and the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into the outer darkness; where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
yet the dogs eat of the crumbs that fall from the table of their masters.
And when He was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, as He was at table, there came a woman with an alabaster-box of ointment of spikenard, very valuable; and she brake the box and poured it on his head.
who had only a linen cloth wrapt about him, and the young men laid hold on him; and he let go the linen cloth, and fled from them naked.
And he bought fine linen, and took Him down, and wrapped Him in the linen, and laid Him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock; and rolled a stone to the door of the sepulchre.
Bring forth therefore fruits becoming penitents, and do not say within yourselves, "We have Abraham for our father," for I tell you that God can of these stones raise up children to Abraham.
And one of the pharisees asked Him to eat with him: and He went into the pharisee's house, and sat down. And behold a woman in the city, that was a sinner, when she knew that He was at table in the pharisee's house, read more. brought an alabaster-box of ointment, and stood at his feet behind Him, weeping, and washed his feet with tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her head, and kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment. But when the pharisee that invited Him saw it, he said within himself, This man, if he were a prophet, would have known who and what sort of a woman this is that toucheth Him; for she is a notorious sinner. And Jesus said unto him, Simon, I have something to say to thee: (and he replied, Master, say on.)
And as they were journeying, He entered into a certain village; and a woman named Martha received Him into her house.
But Martha, being perplexed about much serving, came to Him and said, Lord, dost thou not regard it, that my sister has left me to serve alone? speak to her therefore that she may help me. And Jesus said unto her, Martha, Martha, thou art anxious and in a hurry about many things: but one thing is necessary. read more. And Mary hath chosen that good part, which shall not be taken away from her.
And He said unto them, Ye justify yourselves before men, but God knoweth your hearts: for that which is highly esteemed among men is abomination in the sight of God.
Now there was a certain rich man, who was clothed in purple and fine linen, living voluptuously and splendidly every day. And there was a poor man named Lazarus, read more. who was laid at his gate full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table: and the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the poor man died, and was carried by angels to Abraham's bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried. And in hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham from afar, and Lazarus in his bosom. And he cried out and said, Father Abraham, have pity on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame. And Abraham said, Son, remember that thou receivedst thy good things in thy life-time, and likewise Lazarus his evils: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented. And besides, there is a great gulf fixed between us and you; so that they, who would pass from hence to you, cannot; nor can they pass to us, who would come from thence. Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house:
Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house:
Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house: for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment.
for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment.
for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment. Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them:
Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them:
Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them: and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent.
and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent.
and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent.
and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent. And he replied, If they hearken not to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one should rise from the dead.
And he replied, If they hearken not to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one should rise from the dead.
And as He drew near, beholding the city, He wept over it,
Verily, verily I say unto you, he, that heareth my word, and believeth in Him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come under condemnation; but is passed from death to life. Verily, verily I tell you, that the time is coming, and even now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God, and they that hear shall live.
Therefore they sought again to seize Him; but He escaped out of their hand, and went away again beyond Jordan, to the place where John was at first baptizing, and there He abode.
Now there was a certain person sick, to wit, Lazarus of Bethany, the town of Mary and Martha her sister.
Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
The disciples say unto Him, Master, the Jews very lately attempted to stone thee, and art thou going thither again? Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? if any man walk in the day, he doth not stumble; for he seeth the light of this world: read more. but if any one walk in the night, he stumbleth; because he hath no light. Having thus answered them, He afterwards saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus is asleep; but I am going to awake him.
and many of the Jews were come to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother.
But I know that even now whatsoever thou shalt ask of God, God will grant it thee.
Martha saith unto Him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day.
And when she had said this, she went away, and called Mary her sister, telling her privately, The Master is coming and calleth for thee.
And he that had been dead came forth, having his feet and hands rolled up in grave-cloths: and his face bound about with a napkin. Then Jesus bid them, Loosen him and let him go. Therefore many of the Jews, that came to Mary and saw what Jesus did, believed on Him. read more. But some of them went to the pharisees and told them what Jesus had done.
But some of them went to the pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. Therefore the chief priests and the pharisees held a council and said, What are we doing? for this man worketh many miracles. read more. If we suffer Him to go on thus, all the people will believe on Him, and the Romans will come and destroy both our place and nation. But Caiaphas who was one of them, being high-priest that year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all; nor do ye consider, that it is better for us that one man should die for the people, than that the whole nation should perish. This however he spake not of himself, but being high-priest at that time he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation: and not for the Jewish nation only, but that he might also gather together the children of God that are dispersed. From that day therefore they consulted together to put Him to death.
Therefore they made Him a supper there, and Martha waited at table, but Lazarus was one of them that sat down with Him.
Therefore they made Him a supper there, and Martha waited at table, but Lazarus was one of them that sat down with Him.
Wherefore the chief priests took counsel to put Lazarus also to death.
Wherefore the chief priests took counsel to put Lazarus also to death.
Wherefore the chief priests took counsel to put Lazarus also to death. Because on his account many of the Jews went away from them, and believed on Jesus. read more. The next day a great multitude that were come to the feast, hearing that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm-trees,
And the people that were with Him testified, that He called Lazarus out of the grave, and raised him from the dead: and for this reason the people went to meet Him, because they heard that He had done this miracle.
And he, reclining on the breast of Jesus, saith unto Him, Lord, who is it?
His disciples said unto Him, Now indeed Thou speakest plainly, and usest no parable.
Then cometh Simon Peter, who followed him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen cloths lying there; and the napkin that was upon his head, not laid with the linen cloths, but folded up by itself.
though He gave him no inheritance in it, no not the breadth of a foot; but He promised to give it to him for a possession, even to his seed after him; though he had then no child."
What! is it judged incredible by you, that God should raise the dead?
for we have not an high-priest who cannot sympathize with our infirmities, but was in all respects tempted in like manner with us, yet without sin.
These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but seen them from afar, and been persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and sojourners on the earth.
And to the angel of the church in Sardis write, These things saith He that hath the seven spirits of God, and the seven stars; I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead:
Hastings
A common Jewish name, a colloquial abbreviation of Eleazar.
1. The brother of Martha and Mary, the friend of Jesus (Joh 11:3,11,36, where 'love' and 'friend' represent the same root in Greek). The family lived at Bethany, a village within two miles of Jerusalem just over the brow of Olivet. Lazarus was the subject of the greatest miracle of the Gospel story (Joh 11:1-44). In the last year of His ministry Jesus sojourned at Jerusalem from the Feast of Tabernacles in October to that of the Dedication in December; and, on being driven out by the violence of the rulers (Joh 10:31,39), He retired to 'Bethany beyond Jordan' (Joh 10:40; cf. Joh 1:28 RV). A crowd followed Him thither, and in the midst of His beneficent activities of teaching and healing tidings reached Him that His friend had fallen sick. He might have responded immediately to the sisters' appeal either by hastening to their home and laying His hand on the sick man, or by sending forth His word of power and healing him across the intervening distance of some twenty miles (cf. Joh 4:46-54; Mt 15:21-28 = Mr 7:24-30). But He did neither; He remained where He was for two days, until Lazarus was dead. He desired not only to manifest His power to His friends, but to make a signal appeal to impenitent Jerusalem, by working a miracle which would attest His Messiahship beyond all question.
At length He set forth. If the messenger started in the morning, he would reach Jesus the same evening. Jesus stayed two days, and setting out early would arrive on the evening of the fourth day. Thus on His arrival Lazarus had been dead four days (Joh 11:39). In that sultry climate burial followed immediately on death, and it sometimes happened that a swoon was mistaken for death, and the buried man came to life again. The Jewish belief was that the soul hovered about the sepulchre for three days, fain to re-animate its clay. On the fourth day decomposition set in, and hope was then abandoned. Jesus arrived on the fourth day, and there was no doubt of the reality of Lazarus' death and of the ensuing miracle. It was not a recovery from a trance, but a veritable resurrection. He went to the rock-hewn sepulchre, and in presence of the sisters and a large company of mourners, including many of the rulers who had come from the adjacent capital to testify their esteem for the good Lazarus and their sympathy with Martha and Mary (Joh 11:19), summoned the dead man forth and restored him, alive and well, to his home. It was a startling miracle. It made a profound impression on the multitude, but it only exasperated the rulers. They convened a meeting of the Sanhedrin and determined to put Jesus to death (Joh 11:47-53).
He retired to Ephraim near the frontier of Samaria, and stayed there until the Passover drew near; then He set out for Jerusalem to keep the Feast and to die. Six days before it began (Joh 12:1), He reached Bethany, and despite the Sanhedrin's decree He received a great ovation. He was honoured with a banquet in the house of one of the leading men of the village, Simon, who had been a leper and had probably been healed by Jesus (Joh 12:2-11 = Mt 26:6-13 = Mr 14:3-9). Lazarus was one of the company. The news of His arrival at Bethany reached Jerusalem, and next day the multitude thronged out and escorted Him in triumph into the city. It was the raising of Lazarus that excited their enthusiasm (Joh 12:3,17-18).
After this Lazarus appears no more in the Gospel story. Surely he of all men should have stood by Jesus at His trial and crucifixion; and the explanation of his absence is probably that he had been forced to flee. Observing the popular enthusiasm, the infuriated rulers had determined to put him also to death (Joh 12:10-11). He would withdraw more for Jesus' sake than for his own. His presence only increased the Master's danger.
2. The beggar in our Lord's parable (Lu 16:19-31).
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but I tell you, that many shall come from the east and from the west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven;
And Jesus went from thence, and retired into the parts adjacent to Tyre and Sidon. And there came out of those quarters a Canaanitish woman, and cried to Him saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou son of David; for my daughter is grievously tormented by a demon. read more. But he answered her not a word: and his disciples came and intreated Him, saying, Send her away, for she crieth importunately after us. But he answered and said, I am sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. However, she came and worshipped Him, saying, Lord help me. But he answered, It is not fit to take the children's bread and throw it to dogs: and she said, True, Lord; yet the dogs eat of the crumbs that fall from the table of their masters. Then Jesus answering, said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it therefore unto thee as thou desirest. And her daughter was cured from that very hour.
And when Jesus was at Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper, there came to Him a woman with an alabaster-box of very precious ointment, and poured it on his head as He was at table: read more. but when his disciples saw it, they were some of them provoked at it, and said, Wherefore is this waste? for this ointment might have been sold for a great deal of money, and given to the poor. But Jesus, knowing what passed, said to them, Why do ye give the woman uneasiness? for she has done a good office to me: (seeing ye have the poor always with you, but me ye have not always:) for in pouring this ointment on my body, she has embalmed me for my burial. Verily I tell you, wherever this gospel is preached, in the whole world, what she hath done shall also be spoken of for a memorial of her.
And He arose and went from thence to the borders of Tyre and Sidon; and going into a house He would have had no body know it, but He could not be concealed: for a woman, whose child was possessed by an evil spirit, having heard of Him, came and fell at his feet, read more. (now the woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation,) and she besought Him to cast out the demon from her daughter. But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be satisfied: for it is not fit to take the children's bread, and throw it to the dogs. And she answered and said unto Him, True, Lord, yet the dogs under the table, eat of the children's crumbs. And He said unto her, For this saying, go thy way, the demon is gone out of thy daughter. And she went away to her house, and found the demon gone out, and her daughter laid on the bed.
And when He was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, as He was at table, there came a woman with an alabaster-box of ointment of spikenard, very valuable; and she brake the box and poured it on his head. And there were some provoked at it and said, Why was this waste made of the ointment? read more. For it might have been sold for above three hundred pence, and given to the poor. And they inveighed against her. But Jesus said, Let her alone, why do ye give her uneasiness? She has done a kind office to me. For ye have the poor always with you, and may do them good, whenever ye will; but me ye have not always. She has done what she could: she has embalmed my body beforehand against the burial. Verily I tell you, wheresoever this gospel is preached, through all the world, what she hath done shall also be told for a memorial of her.
And I say unto you, Make to yourselves friends with these unrighteous treasures, that when they fail, ye may be received into everlasting habitations.
Now there was a certain rich man, who was clothed in purple and fine linen, living voluptuously and splendidly every day. And there was a poor man named Lazarus, read more. who was laid at his gate full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table: and the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the poor man died, and was carried by angels to Abraham's bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried. And in hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham from afar, and Lazarus in his bosom. And he cried out and said, Father Abraham, have pity on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame. And Abraham said, Son, remember that thou receivedst thy good things in thy life-time, and likewise Lazarus his evils: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented. And besides, there is a great gulf fixed between us and you; so that they, who would pass from hence to you, cannot; nor can they pass to us, who would come from thence. Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house: for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment. Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them: and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent. And he replied, If they hearken not to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one should rise from the dead.
These things passed at Bethabara beyond Jordan, where John was baptizing.
Therefore Jesus came again into Cana of Galilee, where He had made the water wine. And there was a certain nobleman, whose son was sick at Capernaum: who, when he heard that Jesus was come out of Judea into Galilee, went to Him, and intreated Him, that he would come down and heal his son; for he was at the point of death. read more. Jesus therefore said unto him, Except ye see signs and wonders ye will not believe. The nobleman saith unto Him, Lord, come down before my child die. Jesus saith unto him, Go, thy son is well. And the man believed what Jesus said unto him, and went his way. And as he was now going down, his servants met him and told him, saying, Thy son is well. He inquired therefore of them the hour in which he grew better: and they said unto him, Yesterday at the seventh hour the fever left him. So the father knew that it was in that same hour, in which Jesus said to him, Thy son is well. And he and his whole family believed. This is the second miracle that Jesus wrought, upon coming out of Judea into Galilee.
Therefore they sought again to seize Him; but He escaped out of their hand, and went away again beyond Jordan, to the place where John was at first baptizing, and there He abode.
Now there was a certain person sick, to wit, Lazarus of Bethany, the town of Mary and Martha her sister. (And it was Mary, that anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.) read more. His sisters therefore sent to Him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick.
His sisters therefore sent to Him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick. But when Jesus heard it, He said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God may be glorified thereby. read more. Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus. Therefore when He heard that Lazarus was sick, He stayed indeed two days in the place where He was: and after that He saith to his disciples, Let us go again into Judea. The disciples say unto Him, Master, the Jews very lately attempted to stone thee, and art thou going thither again? Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? if any man walk in the day, he doth not stumble; for he seeth the light of this world: but if any one walk in the night, he stumbleth; because he hath no light. Having thus answered them, He afterwards saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus is asleep; but I am going to awake him.
Having thus answered them, He afterwards saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus is asleep; but I am going to awake him. Therefore his disciples said, Lord, if he sleep, he will do well. read more. But Jesus spake of his death; though they thought that He was speaking of the refreshment of sleep. Then Jesus said to them plainly, Lazarus is dead: and I am glad for your sakes, I was not there, that ye may believe: but let us go to him. Thomas therefore, who is called Didymus, said to his fellow-disciples, Let us also go, that we may die with him. And when Jesus came, He found that he had been four days in the grave. Now Bethany was near to Jerusalem, being but about fifteen furlongs from it: and many of the Jews were come to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother.
and many of the Jews were come to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother. Therefore Martha, when she heard that Jesus was coming, went to meet Him: but Mary was sitting in the house. read more. And Martha said unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. But I know that even now whatsoever thou shalt ask of God, God will grant it thee. Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again. Martha saith unto Him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day. Jesus then told her, I am the resurrection and the life: he that believeth on me, though he were dead, shall live again. And every one that is alive, and believeth in me, shall never die. Dost thou believe this? She saith unto Him, Yes, Lord, I believe that thou art the Messiah, the Son of God, who was to come into the world. And when she had said this, she went away, and called Mary her sister, telling her privately, The Master is coming and calleth for thee. As soon as she heard it, she gets up with all speed and comes to Him. For Jesus was not yet come into the town, but was in the place where Martha met Him. The Jews therefore that were with her in the house to comfort her, seeing Mary that she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, She is going to the grave to weep there. Then Mary, when she came where Jesus was and saw Him, fell down at his feet, saying unto Him, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. Jesus therefore, when He saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping, that came with her, groaned in spirit and was troubled. And He said, Where have ye laid him? They say unto Him, Lord, come and see: and Jesus wept. The Jews therefore said, Behold, how he loved him!
The Jews therefore said, Behold, how he loved him! but some of them said, Could not He, who opened the eyes of the blind, have caused also that this man should not have died? read more. Jesus therefore, again groaning in himself, cometh to the sepulchre: which was a cave, and a stone lay upon it. Jesus saith, Take away the stone. Martha, the sister of the deceased, saith unto Him, Lord, by this time he is offensive; for it is the fourth day.
Jesus saith, Take away the stone. Martha, the sister of the deceased, saith unto Him, Lord, by this time he is offensive; for it is the fourth day. Jesus saith unto her, Did I not tell thee, that if thou believest, thou shalt see the glory of God? read more. So they took away the stone from the place where the corpse was laid. And Jesus lifted up his eyes and said, Father, I thank Thee, that Thou hast heard me. I knew indeed that Thou always hearest me: but because of the people standing by I say this, that they may believe that Thou hast sent me. And when He had said these things, He cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth. And he that had been dead came forth, having his feet and hands rolled up in grave-cloths: and his face bound about with a napkin. Then Jesus bid them, Loosen him and let him go.
Therefore the chief priests and the pharisees held a council and said, What are we doing? for this man worketh many miracles. If we suffer Him to go on thus, all the people will believe on Him, and the Romans will come and destroy both our place and nation. read more. But Caiaphas who was one of them, being high-priest that year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all; nor do ye consider, that it is better for us that one man should die for the people, than that the whole nation should perish. This however he spake not of himself, but being high-priest at that time he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation: and not for the Jewish nation only, but that he might also gather together the children of God that are dispersed. From that day therefore they consulted together to put Him to death.
Jesus however, six days before the passover, came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, who had been dead, and whom He raised from the dead. Therefore they made Him a supper there, and Martha waited at table, but Lazarus was one of them that sat down with Him. read more. And Mary taking a pound of ointment of spikenard of great value, anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped them with her hair; and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.
And Mary taking a pound of ointment of spikenard of great value, anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped them with her hair; and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment. Therefore said one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon, who was about to betray Him, read more. Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence and given to the poor? He said this, not that he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and having the common purse he carried what was put into it. Jesus therefore said, Let her alone, she hath reserved this as for the day of my burial. For the poor ye have always with you, but me ye have not always. And a great number of the Jews understanding that He was there, came not only on account of Jesus, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom He had raised from the dead. Wherefore the chief priests took counsel to put Lazarus also to death.
Wherefore the chief priests took counsel to put Lazarus also to death. Because on his account many of the Jews went away from them, and believed on Jesus.
Because on his account many of the Jews went away from them, and believed on Jesus.
And the people that were with Him testified, that He called Lazarus out of the grave, and raised him from the dead: and for this reason the people went to meet Him, because they heard that He had done this miracle.
Now there was one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, sitting next Him.
Now there was one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, sitting next Him.
or on his hand, he also shall drink of the wine of God's indignation poured forth without mixture, in the cup of his wrath; and shall be tormented with fire and brimstone, in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb.
Morish
Laz'arus
1. Brother of Martha and Mary, and a resident at Bethany. Jesus loved them all, and He spoke of Lazarus as 'our friend.' Very little is recorded of him except the striking fact that he was raised from the dead by the Lord Jesus, which manifested the glory of God and glorified the Son of God. When his sisters made the Lord a supper at Bethany, Lazarus was one of those who sat with Him. He was a living witness of the power of the Son of God over death, and as such he was in danger of being killed by the Jews, on account of many believing on the Lord because of him. Joh 11:1-43; 12:1-17.
2. The poor man in the parable of Luke 16. His circumstances are related
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Now there was a certain rich man, who was clothed in purple and fine linen, living voluptuously and splendidly every day. And there was a poor man named Lazarus, read more. who was laid at his gate full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table: and the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the poor man died, and was carried by angels to Abraham's bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried. And in hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham from afar, and Lazarus in his bosom. And he cried out and said, Father Abraham, have pity on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame. And Abraham said, Son, remember that thou receivedst thy good things in thy life-time, and likewise Lazarus his evils: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented. And besides, there is a great gulf fixed between us and you; so that they, who would pass from hence to you, cannot; nor can they pass to us, who would come from thence. Then he said, Therefore I intreat thee, Father, that thou wouldst send him to my father's house: for I have five brethren; that he may testify to them my misery, least they also come into this place of torment. Abraham answered him, They have Moses and the prophets, let them hear them: and he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one went to them from the dead, they will repent. And he replied, If they hearken not to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one should rise from the dead.
Now there was a certain person sick, to wit, Lazarus of Bethany, the town of Mary and Martha her sister. (And it was Mary, that anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.) read more. His sisters therefore sent to Him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick. But when Jesus heard it, He said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God may be glorified thereby. Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus. Therefore when He heard that Lazarus was sick, He stayed indeed two days in the place where He was: and after that He saith to his disciples, Let us go again into Judea. The disciples say unto Him, Master, the Jews very lately attempted to stone thee, and art thou going thither again? Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? if any man walk in the day, he doth not stumble; for he seeth the light of this world: but if any one walk in the night, he stumbleth; because he hath no light. Having thus answered them, He afterwards saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus is asleep; but I am going to awake him. Therefore his disciples said, Lord, if he sleep, he will do well. But Jesus spake of his death; though they thought that He was speaking of the refreshment of sleep. Then Jesus said to them plainly, Lazarus is dead: and I am glad for your sakes, I was not there, that ye may believe: but let us go to him. Thomas therefore, who is called Didymus, said to his fellow-disciples, Let us also go, that we may die with him. And when Jesus came, He found that he had been four days in the grave. Now Bethany was near to Jerusalem, being but about fifteen furlongs from it: and many of the Jews were come to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother. Therefore Martha, when she heard that Jesus was coming, went to meet Him: but Mary was sitting in the house. And Martha said unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. But I know that even now whatsoever thou shalt ask of God, God will grant it thee. Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again. Martha saith unto Him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day. Jesus then told her, I am the resurrection and the life: he that believeth on me, though he were dead, shall live again. And every one that is alive, and believeth in me, shall never die. Dost thou believe this? She saith unto Him, Yes, Lord, I believe that thou art the Messiah, the Son of God, who was to come into the world. And when she had said this, she went away, and called Mary her sister, telling her privately, The Master is coming and calleth for thee. As soon as she heard it, she gets up with all speed and comes to Him. For Jesus was not yet come into the town, but was in the place where Martha met Him. The Jews therefore that were with her in the house to comfort her, seeing Mary that she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, She is going to the grave to weep there. Then Mary, when she came where Jesus was and saw Him, fell down at his feet, saying unto Him, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. Jesus therefore, when He saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping, that came with her, groaned in spirit and was troubled. And He said, Where have ye laid him? They say unto Him, Lord, come and see: and Jesus wept. The Jews therefore said, Behold, how he loved him! but some of them said, Could not He, who opened the eyes of the blind, have caused also that this man should not have died? Jesus therefore, again groaning in himself, cometh to the sepulchre: which was a cave, and a stone lay upon it. Jesus saith, Take away the stone. Martha, the sister of the deceased, saith unto Him, Lord, by this time he is offensive; for it is the fourth day. Jesus saith unto her, Did I not tell thee, that if thou believest, thou shalt see the glory of God? So they took away the stone from the place where the corpse was laid. And Jesus lifted up his eyes and said, Father, I thank Thee, that Thou hast heard me. I knew indeed that Thou always hearest me: but because of the people standing by I say this, that they may believe that Thou hast sent me. And when He had said these things, He cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth.
Jesus however, six days before the passover, came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, who had been dead, and whom He raised from the dead. Therefore they made Him a supper there, and Martha waited at table, but Lazarus was one of them that sat down with Him. read more. And Mary taking a pound of ointment of spikenard of great value, anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped them with her hair; and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment. Therefore said one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon, who was about to betray Him, Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence and given to the poor? He said this, not that he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and having the common purse he carried what was put into it. Jesus therefore said, Let her alone, she hath reserved this as for the day of my burial. For the poor ye have always with you, but me ye have not always. And a great number of the Jews understanding that He was there, came not only on account of Jesus, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom He had raised from the dead. Wherefore the chief priests took counsel to put Lazarus also to death. Because on his account many of the Jews went away from them, and believed on Jesus. The next day a great multitude that were come to the feast, hearing that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm-trees, and went out to meet Him, and cried, Hosanna! blessed be the king of Israel, who cometh in the name of the Lord. And Jesus having gotten a young ass sat thereon, as it is written, "Fear not, O daughter of Sion, behold thy king cometh sitting on an ass's colt." Now his disciples did not understand these things at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written concerning Him, and that they had done thus unto Him. And the people that were with Him testified, that He called Lazarus out of the grave, and raised him from the dead:
Smith
Laz'arus
(whom God helps), another form of the Hebrew name Eleazar.
1. Lazarus of Bethany, the brother of Martha and Mary.
Joh 11:1
All that we know of him is derived from the Gospel of St. John, and that records little more than the facts of his death and resurrection. The language of
Joh 11:1
implies that the sisters were the better known. Lazarus is "of Bethany, of the village of Mary and her sister Martha." From this and from the order of the three names in
Joh 11:5
we may reasonably infer that Lazarus was the youngest of the family. All the circumstances of John 11 and 12 point to wealth and social position above the average.
2. The name of a poor man in the well-known parable of
Lu 16:19-31
The name of Lazarus has been perpetuated in an institution of the Christian Church. The leper of the Middle Ages appears as a lazzaro. The use of lazaretto and lazarhouse for the leper hospitals then founded in all parts of western Christendom, no less than that of lazaroni for the mendicants of Italian towns, is an indication of the effect of the parable upon the mind of Europe in the Middle Ages, and thence upon its later speech.
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Now there was a certain person sick, to wit, Lazarus of Bethany, the town of Mary and Martha her sister.
Now there was a certain person sick, to wit, Lazarus of Bethany, the town of Mary and Martha her sister.
Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
Watsons
LAZARUS, brother to Martha and Mary. He dwelt at Bethany with his sisters, near Jerusalem; and the Lord Jesus did him the honour sometimes of lodging at his house when he visited the city. See the account of his resurrection related at large in Joh 11:5, &c.
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Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.