Reference: Law
Hastings
1. That the 'law was given by Moses' (Joh 1:17) represents the unanimous belief both of the early Christians and of the Chosen Nation. He was their first as well as their greatest law-giver; and in this matter religious tradition is supported by all the historical probabilities of the case. The Exodus and the subsequent wanderings constitute the formative epoch of Israel's career: it was the period of combination and adjustment between the various tribes towards effecting a national unity. Such periods necessitate social experiments, for no society can hold together without some basis of permanent security; no nation could be welded together, least of all a nation in ancient times, without some strong sense of corporate responsibilities and corporate religion. It therefore naturally devolved upon Moses to establish a central authority for the administration of justice, which should be universally accessible and universally recognized. There was only one method by which any such universal recognition could be attained; and that was by placing the legal and judicial system upon the basis of an appeal to that religion, which had already been successful in rousing the twelve tribes to a sense of their unity, and which, moreover, was the one force which could and did effectually prevent the disintegration of the heterogeneous elements of which the nation was composed.
2. We see the beginning and character of these legislative functions in Ex 18:16, where Moses explains how 'the people come unto me to inquire of God: when they have a matter they come unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and make them know the statutes of God, and his laws (t
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But Jesus answered, "Permit it now, for so it is fitting for us to fulfill every religious duty."
"Do not suppose that I am come to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I am come not to destroy, but to fulfil.
"Do not suppose that I am come to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I am come not to destroy, but to fulfil. "In solemn truth I tell you that until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a comma, will pass from the Law until all has taken place.
"In solemn truth I tell you that until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a comma, will pass from the Law until all has taken place.
"In solemn truth I tell you that until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a comma, will pass from the Law until all has taken place. "So whoever breaks one of these least commandments, and teaches others to break them, will be least in the kingdom of heaven. But he who keeps them and teaches them, he will be called great in the kingdom of heaven. read more. "For I assure you that unless your righteousness exceed that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will not find entrance into the kingdom of heaven. "You have heard that it was said to the ancients, "Thou shall not commit murder, and "He who commits murder shall be liable to condemnation by the court; but I say to you that he who becomes angry with his brother shall be liable to condemnation by the court; and he who says to his brother 'Raca,' shall be liable to condemnation by the Sanhedrin, while he who curses his brother shall be liable to the Gehenna of Fire. "If therefore when you are offering your gift upon the altar, and there remember that your brother has a grievance against you, "leave there your gift before the altar, and go and make friends with your brother, first of all; then come and offer your gift. "Come to terms with your opponent quickly, while you are yet with him on the way [to the court], to prevent your opponent from handing you over to the judge, and the judge to the jailer, and so you be thrown into prison. "I tell you truly that you would certainly not get out from there until you had paid back the last cent. "You have heard that it was said, "Thou shalt not commit adultery. But I say to you that whoever looks with lust at a woman has already committed adultery with her in his heart. And if your eye, your right eye, entices you to sin, pluck it out and cast it from you. It is better for you to lose one of your bodily organs, than to have your whole body go down into the pit. And if your right hand entices you into sin, cut it off and cast it from you; for it is better for you to lose one of your bodily organs, than to have your whole body go down into the pit. "It was also said, "Whoever divorces his wife must give her a bill of separation. But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of unchastity, makes her an adulteress, and whoever marries her when so divorced, commits adultery. "Again you have heard that it was said to the men of old, "You must not forswear yourselves, but must perform your vows to the Lord. "But I say to you, swear not at all; neither by the sky, for it is God's throne; "nor by the earth, for it is the footstool of his feet; nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the Great King. "Nor must you swear by your head, since you cannot make one hair white or black. "But let your word be simply 'Yes' or 'No'; anything beyond this comes from the Evil One. "You have heard that it was said, "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. "But I tell you not to retaliate the injury; but whoever strikes you on the right cheek, turn the other to him also; "and if any one wants to go to law with you and takes away your coat, let him take your cloak also. "Whoever impresses you to go one mile, go two miles with him. "Give to him who asks, and from him who wants to borrow from you, do not turn away. "You have heard that it was said, "You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy." "But I say to you, love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you. "So you will become sons of your heavenly Father; for he makes his sun to rise upon sinners as well as saints, and sends rain upon the unjust and the just. "For if you love only those who love you, what reward have you? "Even the tax-gatherers do that, do they not? And if you show courtesy to your brother only, what are you doing more than others? Even the Gentiles do that, do they not? "You then must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect."
Now when Jesus had finished his discourse, the crowds were astounded at his teaching,
Jesus said to him, "See that you tell no one, but go, show yourself to the priest, and offer the gift which Moses commanded, as an evidence to them."
"Have you not read in the Law how on the Sabbath the priests in the Temple break the Sabbath and are guiltless? "But I tell you that One is here who is greater than the temple.
"Is there a man of you," he replied, "who has but a single sheep, who will not lay hold of it and lift it out, if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath Day?
"But if it is in the power of the Spirit of God is already upon you. "Or how can any one enter the strong man's house and carry off his goods without first binding the strong man? Then he can rob his house. read more. "He who is not with me is against me; and he who is not gathering with me, scatters.
"The Queen of the South will rise in the judgment with this generation, and condemn it, because she came from the ends of the earth to listen to the wisdom of Solomon; and lo! a greater than Solomon is here!
In reply he said, "I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel."
"Nevertheless, that we may not give offense, go to the seaside, throw in your hook; take the first fish that rises, and when you have opened its mouth, you will find a shekel in it. Take it and give it to them for us both."
Presently some of the Pharisees came up to him, and made test of him by asking, "Is it right for a man to divorce his wife for every cause?" "Have you not read." he answered, "that He who created them from the beginning made them male and female, and said, read more. "For this cause shall a man leave his father and his mother and shall cleave to his wife; and the two shall be one flesh? "Thus they are no longer two, but one. Therefore what God has joined together, let not man separate." They answered, "Why then did Moses command the husband to give her 'a written bill of divorce,' and so to put her away?" "Moses," said Jesus, "permitted you to divorce your wives on account of the hardness of your hearts, but from the beginning it was not so. "And I tell you that any man who divorces his wife for any cause except her unfaithfulness, and marries another woman, commits adultery."
"just as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life as a ransom for many."
As soon as the Pharisees heard that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees, they gathered themselves together, and one of them, a lawyer, tested him by asking a question. read more. "Master, which is the great commandment in the law?" Jesus answered, "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. "This is the great and first commandment. "The second, which is like it, is this, "Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. "On those two commandments hang the whole law and the prophets."
"Drink from it, all of you; for this is my blood of the Covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.
One Sabbath he was walking along through the wheat-fields, and his disciples, as they began to make their way across, were pulling the heads of wheat. "Look," said the Pharisees to him, "Why are they doing on the Sabbath Day what is against the law?" read more. He answered them. "Have you never read what David did when he was needy and hungry, he and his men? How he went into the house of God when Abiathar was priest, and ate the consecrated bread, which none but priests may eat, and gave some to his men? "The Sabbath," he told them, "was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath;
"The Sabbath," he told them, "was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath; so the Son of man is Master even of the Sabbath."
And they kept watching Jesus to see whether he would cure him on the Sabbath; so as to have some charge to bring against him.
But in vain do they worship me, For their teaching is only human precepts.'" "You neglect the commandment of God, and hold fast the traditions of men." read more. "It is praiseworthy, is it," he exclaimed, "to reject the command of God that you may keep your tradition! For although Moses said, Honor your father and mother, and Let him who curses father or mother suffer death, you say that if a man tells his father or mother, 'This money which otherwise you would have received from me, is Korban' (that is, a thing devoted to God), you exempt him from doing any service for his father or mother. Thus by your tradition which you have handed down you set at naught the word of God; and you do many other things like that." Then again he called the crowd to him and said: "Listen to me, all of you, and understand; there is nothing outside a man which by entering in can defile him; but it is what comes from him that defiled him." OMITTED TEXT. After he had left the crowd and gone indoors his disciples began asking him about the parable. "Are even you without understanding?" he said. "Do you not perceive that nothing whatever from without can defile a man by entering him, because it does not go into his heart, but into his belly, and passes away, ejected from him?" By these words he pronounced all foods clean.
because it does not go into his heart, but into his belly, and passes away, ejected from him?" By these words he pronounced all foods clean. "What comes out of a man," he continued, "is what defiles him. read more. From within, from the heart of man, proceed evil purposes??22 fornication, theft, murder, adultery, greed, malice, deceit, wantonness, envy, slander, arrogance, reckless folly??23 all these wicked things issue from within and defile a man."
But he remained silent, and answered nothing. Again the high priest questioned him. "Are you the Christ," he said, "the Son of the Blessed?"
When eight days had passed, and the time had come to circumcise him, he was called Jesus, the name given him by the angel before his conception in the womb.
And there was handed him the roll of the prophet Isaiah; and unrolling it he found the place where it was written, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me Because He has anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor, He has sent me to proclaim release to the prisoners, And recovery of sight to the blind; To set at liberty those that are bruised, read more. To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord. Then rolling up the papyrus, he gave it back to the attendant and sat down. The eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on him, and he began to say to them, "Today is this scripture fulfilled in your hearing."
Then a certain lawyer stood up and tempted him. "Master," he said "what shall I do to inherit eternal life?" And he said to him. "What is written in the Law? What do you read there?" read more. "You must love the Lord your God," he answered, with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself." "You have answered right," said Jesus "do that and you shall live." But he, determined to justify himself, said to Jesus, "But who is my neighbor?" Jesus answered. "A certain man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, when he fell among bandits who both stripped him and beat him, and went off leaving him half dead. "Now a certain priest chanced to be going down that way, but on seeing him he passed on the other side. "In like manner also a Levite who came to the spot, came and looked at him, and passed on the other side. "But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was, and when he saw him was moved with compassion. "He went to him bound up his wounds, pouring on them oil and wine. He set him on his own beast, and took him to an inn, and took care of him. "The next day he took two silver pieces and gave them to the landlord and said, "'Take care of him, and whatever more you spend I will repay it to you on my way back.' "Which then of these three seems to you to have behaved like a neighbor to the man who fell among bandits?" He replied, "The one who showed mercy on him." "Go, then," said Jesus, "and do likewise."
When he had finished speaking a Pharisee asked him to dine with him; so he went in with him and reclined. And the Pharisee noticed, to his amazement, that he did not wash his hands before eating, read more. but the Lord said to him. "You Pharisee do cleanse the outside of your cup or plate, but your secret heart is full of extortion and wickedness. "Foolish men! Did not He who made the outside make the inside also? "Better cleanse what is within, and nothing will be unclean for you.
"and this woman, who is the daughter of Abraham, whom Satan has bound these eighteen years, ought she not have been loosened from bondage, though the day be the Sabbath?" As he said this, all adversaries were put to shame; and all the crowd rejoiced for the glorious things that he continually did.
"The Law and the Prophet lasted until John; since then the gospel of the kingdom of God is preached, and any one presses in.
"For I say to you that this word of Scripture must find it's fulfilment in me. "And he was numbered among the transgressors, For that which concerns me has its accomplishment."
And beginning with Moses and the Prophets, he interpreted all the passages concerning himself.
For the Law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
For the Law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
And just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the Son of man be lifted up,
Instantly the man became well, and he took up his bed and started to walk. Now it was Sabbath on that day; so the Jews kept saying to the man who had been cured. "It is the Sabbath Day; it is not lawful for you to carry your bed." read more. He replied, "The man who healed me told me to take up my bed and walk." "Who is it," they asked, "that said to you, 'take up your bed and go walking away'?" But he who had been healed did not know who it was, for Jesus had moved away, as there was a crowd in that place. Afterward Jesus found him in the Temple, and said to him. "Look! You have become well. Do not go on sinning, lest a worse thing befall you." The man went to and told the Jews that it was Jesus who made him well; and because of this the Jews began to persecute Jesus, because he had done it on the Sabbath. But he answered them, "My Father has continued working until now, and I am working too." For this reason the Jews continued to seek the more eagerly to put him to death, because not only was he breaking the Sabbath, but he was actually speaking of God as his own Father, thus making himself of God's equal. So Jesus answered them in these words. "In solemn truth I tell that the Son cannot do anything of himself, except what he sees the Father doing; for whatever he does, that the Son does also. "For the Father loves the Son, and shows him every thing that he himself is doing. And greater deeds than these will he show him, that you may wonder.
"It is written in the Prophets, "And they shall all of them be taught of God. Every one who has listened to the father and learns from him, comes to me.
"I myself am the living bread that has come down from heaven. Any one who eats this bread will live forever; and moreover, the bread which I will give is my flesh, given for the life of the world."
"You are not greater than our father Abraham, are you? And he died, and the prophets died. Who are you making yourself out to be?"
Then some of the Pharisees began to say, "This man in not from God, because he does not keep the Sabbath." But others said, "How can a man who is a sinner perform such signs?"
So the Jews a second time summoned the man who had been blind, and said to him.
"Is it written in your law," replied Jesus, "I said, You are gods?
But one of their number, Caiaphas by name, who was high priest that year, said to them,
In solemn truth I tell you that except a kernel of wheat fall into the ground and die, it remains a single kernel; but if it die it bears a great crop.
Then the people answered. "We have heard out of the Law that the Christ abides forever. What do you mean by 'The Son of man must be lifted up'? Who is this Son of man?"
"And so is fulfilled the word written in their Law, 'They hate me without cause.'
The Jews answered him, "We have a law, and by that law he ought to die, because he made himself out to be God's Son,"
"Be it known unto you therefore, brothers, that remission of sins is proclaimed to you through this man;
What then shall we say of Abraham, our ancestor in the flesh? For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to be proud of, but not before God. read more. For what does Scripture say? And Abraham believed God, and it was set down to his account as righteousness. Now if a man earn his pay by his work, it is not counted to him as a favor, but it is paid him as a debt; but a man who does not "work," but believes in him who justifies the ungodly, has his faith imputed to him for righteousness.
Now law was brought in so that transgression might abound; but where sin abounded, grace super-abounded;
What shall we say then? Is the Law sin? Certainly not. On the contrary I should not have become acquainted with sin had it not been for the Law; for except the Law had repeatedly said, "Thou shalt not lust," I should never have known the sin of lust. But when sin had gained a vantage-ground, by means of the commandment, it stirred up within me all manner of lust; for where there is no law, sin is dead. read more. Once I lived apart from the Law, myself; but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died; and the very commandment which should have meant life, this I found to mean death. For sin, when it had gained a vantage-ground through the commandment, beguiled me, and through it slew me. So then the Law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.
So then the Law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good. Did then that which was good become for me death? Never! but sin did; that it might be manifest as sin, by that the unutterable malignity of sin might become plain through the commandment.
Did then that which was good become for me death? Never! but sin did; that it might be manifest as sin, by that the unutterable malignity of sin might become plain through the commandment. For we know that the Law is spiritual; but as for me, I am a creature of flesh, bought and sold under the dominion of sin. read more. For what I perform I know not; what I practise is not what I intend to do, but what I detest, that I habitually do. If then I habitually do what I do not intend to do, I am consenting to the Law, that it is right. And now it is longer I myself who do the deed, but it is sin which has its home in me. For I know that in me, that is in my flesh, no good thing has its home; for while to will is present with me, to carry out that which is right is not. For the good that I intend to do, I do not; but the evil which I do not; but the evil which I do not intend to do, that I am ever practising. But if I do the very thing I do not intend to do, it is no more I who practise it, but sin which has its home in me. I find, then, this law, that when I intend to do good, evil is ever present with me. For in my inmost self I delight in the law of God; but I find a different law in my bodily faculties, waging war with the law of my will, and taking me prisoner to that law of sin which is in my bodily faculties. Oh, wretched man that I am! Who shall deliver me from this slave of death?
for the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set me free from the law of sin and of death. For God has done what the Law could not do, weakened as it was by flesh. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and on account of sin, he condemned sin in the flesh;
But that the descendants of Israel, who were in pursuit of a law of righteousness, did not arrive at that law?
For because they were ignorant of God's righteousness, and sought to establish their own righteousness, they did not submit themselves to the righteousness of God.
But to those already married my commandment is??nd not mine, but the Lord's??hat a wife is not to leave her husband;
I have renounced the hidden things of shame, not spending my life in craftiness, nor adulterating the word of God; but setting forth the truth openly, I strive to commend myself to every man's conscience as in the sight of God.
For it is through law I died to law, in order to live to God.
Is the Law then opposed to the promises of God? Certainly not; for if a law had been given which could make alive, then righteousness would actually have come from law;
So the Law has been our tutor-slave our pedagogue to lead us to Christ, so that we may be justified by faith;
What I mean is this. As long as the heir is a child, he differs in no respect from a slave, though he be the owner of the whole inheritance; but is under the control of guardians and trustees, until the time appointed by his father. read more. So we Jews also, when we were children, were held in bondage under the empty externalities of the world. But when the fulness of time was come God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under law,
But when the fulness of time was come God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under law, to redeem from captivity those under law, in order that we might receive our sonship.
Ever be bearing one another's burdens, and so be fulfilling the law of Christ.
and be found in him; not having my own righteousness of the Law, but that alone which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which comes from God, founded upon faith.
and be found in him; not having my own righteousness of the Law, but that alone which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which comes from God, founded upon faith.
Let no man at his will defraud you of your prize through his false humility and worship of the angels, taking his stand on the visions he has seen, and vainly puffed up by his material mind;
And Moses indeed was faithful in all his house as a servant, bearing testimony to a witness about to be spoken;
This is a parable, for the present time, according to which gifts and sacrifices are offered that are not able, as far as conscience is concerned, to perfect the worshiper;