Reference: Adam (1)
Fausets
("red earth".) The name given by God to the first man, to remind him of his earthly nature; whereas Ish was the name whereby he designates himself, a man of earth (as opposed to Enosh "a man of low degree" Ps 62:9) (Ge 2:23). The Hebrew Adam never assumes any change to mark the dual or plural numbers, men. Probably the Syro-Arabian is the primitive tongue, whence sprang the Hebrew and other so-called Shemitic tongues. The names in Genesis are therefore essentially the same as were actually spoken. Adam's naming of the animals in Eden implies that God endued Adam with that power of generalization based on knowledge of their characteristics, whereby he classified those of the same kinds under distinctive appellations, which is the fundamental notion of human language.
Its origin is at once human and divine. divine, in that "God brought" the animals "to Adam to see what he would call them," and enabled him to know intuitively their characteristics, and so not at random or with arbitrary appellations, but with such as marked the connection (as all the oldest names did, when truth logical and moral coincided) between the word and the thing, to name them; human, in that Adam, not God, was the name. "He did not begin with names, but with the power of naming; for man is not a mere speaking machine; God did not teach him words, as a parrot, from without, but gave him a capacity, and then evoked the capacity which He gave." (Abp. Trench.)
As the crown of creation, he was formed at the close of the sixth day. Adam came into the world a full grown man, with the elements of skill and knowledge sufficient to maintain his lordship over nature. The Second Adam came as an infant by humiliation to regain for man his lost lordship. Original records are perhaps traceable as employed in the inspired record of Moses. Ge 1:1-2:3 is one concerning creation and man in a general summary. A second is Ge 2:4-4:26, treating in a more detailed way what was summarily given as to man (Genesis 1), his innocence, first sin, and immediate posterity. A third is Genesis 5:1 - 9:29, "the book of the generations of Adam," and especially of Noah.
But the theory of an Elohist author for Genesis 1, and a Jehovist author for Genesis 2, distinct from Moses, on the ground that ELOHIM is the divine name in Genesis 1, but JEHOVAH ELOHIM in Genesis 2, is untenable. Nay, the names are used in their respective places with singular propriety; for ELOHIM expresses the mighty God of creation, and is fitting in His relation to the whole world. (Genesis 1) But JEHOVAH, the unchanging I AM (Ex 6:3), in covenant with His people, always faithful to His promises to them, is just the name that the Spirit of God would suggest in describing His relation to man, once innocent, then fallen, then the object of an everlasting covenant of love. It is just one of the undesigned proprieties which confirm Scripture's divine origination, that the JEHOVAH of the covenant with the church is the ELOHIM of the world, and vice versa.
The Elohim in man's creation use anthropomorphic language, implying collective counsel: "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness," Abp. Trench remarks: "The whole history of man, not only in his original creation, but also in his after restoration and reconstitution in the Son, is significantly wrapped up in this double statement; which is double for this very cause, that the divine mind did not stop at the contemplation of his first creation but looked on to him as renewed in knowledge after the image of Him that created him (Col 3:10); because it knew that only as partaker of this double benefit would he attain the true end for which he was made." In 1Co 11:7 man is called "the image and glory of God." This ideal is realized fully in the Son of man (Ps 8:4-5). Man is both the "image" (Greek eikon, Hebrew tzelem)), and made in the "likeness" (Greek homoiosis, Hebrew demuth) of God (Jas 3:9). "Image" (eikon) alone is applied to the Son of God (Col 1:15); compare Heb 1:3, "the express image of His person" (Greek character, the impress). Eicon, "image," presupposes a prototype, as the monarch is the prototype and his head on the coin the image.
But "likeness" implies mere resemblance. Thus the "image" of God remains in some degree after the fall (Ge 9:6; Jas 3:9; 1Co 11:7). The likeness of God is what we are to be striving toward. The archetype is in God; man in his ideal is molded after the model realized in the Son of Man, "the image of the invisible God, the Firstborn of every creature," the incarnate God, already existing in the divine point of view (Col 1:15), with body and animal life akin to the animal world, yet the noble temple of an immortal spirit, with reason, imagination, freewill finding its true exercise in conformity to God's will, and a spiritual nature resembling God's, reflecting God's truth, righteousness, and love; capable of reasoning in the abstract which the lower animals cannot, as they have no general signs for universal ideas.
Some indeed, as the parrot, can frame articulate sounds, but they have not the power to abstract ideas from the particular outward objects, so as to generalize; as their want of a general language proves. Man is the interpreter of nature's inarticulate praises to nature's God. The uniformity of type in the animal kingdom, including man in his bodily nature, and the affinity of structure in the homologous bones, are due not to development from a common parentage, but to the common archetype in the divine mind, of which the cherubim was probably an ideal representation. When man fell, he still is called "in the image of God," with a view to his future restoration in the God-man. It is a "palace" in God's design, for a while spoiled by the "strong man" Satan, but to be reinstated by the "stronger" Man with God's archetypal image and likeness more vividly than ever standing forth (Lu 11:21).
Adam is the generic term for man, including woman (Ge 1:26-27). Christ came to reveal not only God, but MAN to us; He alone is therefore called "THE Son of man"; the common property of mankind; who alone realizes the original ideal of man: body, soul, and spirit, in the image and likeness of God, the body subordinate to the animal and intellectual soul, and the soul to the spirit (1Th 5:23), combining at once the man and woman (Ga 3:28); and in whom believers shall realize it by vital union with Him: having the masculine graces, majesty, power, wisdom, strength, courage, with all woman's purity, intuitive tact, meekness, gentleness, sympathetic tenderness and love, such as Roman Catholics have pictured in the Virgin Mary. So the first Adam, the type, combined both (Ge 1:27). The creation of woman from man (marked by the very names isha, ish) subsequently implies the same truth.
The Second Adam combined in Himself, as Representative Head of redeemed men and women, both man's and woman's characteristic excellencies, as the first Adam contained both before that Eve was taken out of his side. Her perfect suitableness for him is marked by Jehovah's words, "I will make for him a help suitable as before him," according to his front presence: a helping being in whom, as soon as he sees her, he may recognize himself (Delitzsch). The complement of man. So the bride, the church, is formed out of the pierced side of Christ the Bridegroom, while in the death sleep; and, by faith vitally uniting her to Him in His death and His resurrection, is "bone of His bone, and flesh of His flesh" (Eph 5:25-32.)
The dominion which Adam was given as God's vicegerent over the lower world, but lost by sin, is more than regained for man in the person of Christ. Even in His humiliation He exercised unlimited sway over man's bodily diseases and even death itself, over vegetable nature (the fig tree), the dumb animal kingdom (the ass's colt), the inorganic world, the restless sea, and the invisible world of demons; compare Psalm
8. In His manifested glory, His full dominion, and that of His redeemed with Him, shall be exercised over the regenerated earth: Isaiah 11; Isa 2:4; 65:25; 35:9-10; Psalm 72; Eze 34:25; Ho 2:18; Re 11:15-17,19; Revelation 21; Revelation
22. The first man Adam was made
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In the beginning God formed the heavens and the earth.
In the beginning God formed the heavens and the earth. And the earth was desolation and emptiness, and darkness over the face of the deep: and the spirit of God moved over the face of the waters.
And the earth was desolation and emptiness, and darkness over the face of the deep: and the spirit of God moved over the face of the waters.
And God will say, We will make man in our image according to our likeness, and they shall rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and every. creeping thing creeping upon the earth.
And God will say, We will make man in our image according to our likeness, and they shall rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and every. creeping thing creeping upon the earth. And God will form man in his image, in the image of God he formed him; male and female he formed them.
And God will form man in his image, in the image of God he formed him; male and female he formed them.
And God will form man in his image, in the image of God he formed him; male and female he formed them.
And God will form man in his image, in the image of God he formed him; male and female he formed them.
These the generations of the heavens and the earth in creating them, in the day of Jehovah God's making the earth and the heavens.
These the generations of the heavens and the earth in creating them, in the day of Jehovah God's making the earth and the heavens.
And Jehovah God will take the man and will set him down in the garden of Eden to work it and to keep it.
And Jehovah God will take the man and will set him down in the garden of Eden to work it and to keep it. And Jehovah God will appoint to the man, saying, From every tree of the garden eating, thou shalt eat.
And Jehovah God will appoint to the man, saying, From every tree of the garden eating, thou shalt eat. But from the tree to know good and evil thou shalt not eat from it, for in the day of thy eating from it, dying, thou shalt die.
But from the tree to know good and evil thou shalt not eat from it, for in the day of thy eating from it, dying, thou shalt die.
And the man will say, This is now bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh; and this shall be called woman, because she was taken from man.
And the man will say, This is now bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh; and this shall be called woman, because she was taken from man.
And the woman will see that the tree is good for food, and that it is a desire to the eyes, and a tree desired to make wise; and she will take from its fruit and will eat, and will give also to her man with her, and he will eat
And the woman will see that the tree is good for food, and that it is a desire to the eyes, and a tree desired to make wise; and she will take from its fruit and will eat, and will give also to her man with her, and he will eat And the eyes of the two shall be opened, and they shall know that they are naked; and they shall sew together the leaves of the fig tree, and shall make to themselves girdles.
And the eyes of the two shall be opened, and they shall know that they are naked; and they shall sew together the leaves of the fig tree, and shall make to themselves girdles. And they shall hear the voice of Jehovah God walking in the garden at the breeze of the day: and Adam and his wife will hide from the face of Jehovah God in the midst of the wood of the garden.
And they shall hear the voice of Jehovah God walking in the garden at the breeze of the day: and Adam and his wife will hide from the face of Jehovah God in the midst of the wood of the garden. And Jehovah God will call to the man, and will say to him, Where art thou?
And Jehovah God will call to the man, and will say to him, Where art thou? And he will will say, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I shall be afraid, because I am naked, and I will hide myself.
And he will will say, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I shall be afraid, because I am naked, and I will hide myself.
And the man will say, The woman which thou gavest with me, she gave to me from the tree, and I shall eat
And the man will say, The woman which thou gavest with me, she gave to me from the tree, and I shall eat
In the sweat of thy face thou shalt eat food until thy turning back to the earth; for out of it thou wert taken; for dust thou art, and to dust shalt thou turn back.
In the sweat of thy face thou shalt eat food until thy turning back to the earth; for out of it thou wert taken; for dust thou art, and to dust shalt thou turn back.
And Jehovah God will say, Lo, Adam became as one from us, to know good and evil: and now lest he shall send forth his hand and take also of the tree of lives, and eat, and live to eternity:
And Jehovah God will say, Lo, Adam became as one from us, to know good and evil: and now lest he shall send forth his hand and take also of the tree of lives, and eat, and live to eternity:
And he will drive out Adam; and he will set up from the east of the garden of Eden, cherubims, and a flaming sword, turning itself about to keep the way of the tree of lives.
And he will drive out Adam; and he will set up from the east of the garden of Eden, cherubims, and a flaming sword, turning itself about to keep the way of the tree of lives.
He pouring out man's blood, by man his blood shall be poured out: for in the image of God he made man.
He pouring out man's blood, by man his blood shall be poured out: for in the image of God he made man.
And I shall be seen to Abraham, to Isaak, and to Jacob, by God Almighty; and my name Jehovah I was not known to them.
And I shall be seen to Abraham, to Isaak, and to Jacob, by God Almighty; and my name Jehovah I was not known to them.
And make two cherubs of gold; of turned work shalt thou make them, from the two ends of the cover.
And make two cherubs of gold; of turned work shalt thou make them, from the two ends of the cover.
And I shall see in the plunder a wide cloak of Shinar, a good one, and two hundred shekels of silver and one tongue of gold of fifty shekels from its weight, and I shall desire them, and shall take them, and behold them hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.
And I shall see in the plunder a wide cloak of Shinar, a good one, and two hundred shekels of silver and one tongue of gold of fifty shekels from its weight, and I shall desire them, and shall take them, and behold them hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.
And thy servant will say, Now will the word of my lord the king be for a sacrifice, for as a messenger of God, so my lord the king to hear the good and the evil: and Jehovah thy God will be with thee.
And thy servant will say, Now will the word of my lord the king be for a sacrifice, for as a messenger of God, so my lord the king to hear the good and the evil: and Jehovah thy God will be with thee.
And give to thy servant a heart to hear to judge thy people to discern between good to evil: for who shall be able to judge this thy weighty people?
And give to thy servant a heart to hear to judge thy people to discern between good to evil: for who shall be able to judge this thy weighty people?
What is man that thou wilt remember him? and the son of man that thou wilt review him?
What is man that thou wilt remember him? and the son of man that thou wilt review him? And thou wilt diminish him a little more than the messengers, and thou wilt surround him with glory and honor.
And thou wilt diminish him a little more than the messengers, and thou wilt surround him with glory and honor.
My strength was dried up as the potsherd, and my tongue cleaving to my jaws; and thou wilt set me for the dust of death.
My strength was dried up as the potsherd, and my tongue cleaving to my jaws; and thou wilt set me for the dust of death.
Surely the sons of man vanity, the sons of man falsehood: to be brought up into the balances, they together of vanity.
Surely the sons of man vanity, the sons of man falsehood: to be brought up into the balances, they together of vanity.
And he judged between the nations, and he will decide for many peoples: and they shall beat down their swords to plough-shares and their spears to pruning-hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, and they shall no more learn war.
And he judged between the nations, and he will decide for many peoples: and they shall beat down their swords to plough-shares and their spears to pruning-hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, and they shall no more learn war.
The lion shall not be there, and the rapacious beast shall not go up upon it, it shall not be found there; and the redeemed went
The lion shall not be there, and the rapacious beast shall not go up upon it, it shall not be found there; and the redeemed went And the ransomed of Jehovah shall turn back and come to Zion with a shout of joy and eternal joy upon their heads: and they shall attain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
And the ransomed of Jehovah shall turn back and come to Zion with a shout of joy and eternal joy upon their heads: and they shall attain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
The wolf and the lamb shall feed as one, and the lion and the ox shall eat straw, and the serpent, dust his bread. They shall not do evil, and they shall not destroy in all my holy mountain, said Jehovah
The wolf and the lamb shall feed as one, and the lion and the ox shall eat straw, and the serpent, dust his bread. They shall not do evil, and they shall not destroy in all my holy mountain, said Jehovah
And I cut out to them a covenant of peace, and I caused the evil beast to cease from the land: and they dwelt with confidence in the desert, and they slept in the forests.
And I cut out to them a covenant of peace, and I caused the evil beast to cease from the land: and they dwelt with confidence in the desert, and they slept in the forests.
And I cut out for them a covenant in that day with the beasts of the field, and with the birds of the heavens, and the creeping things of the earth: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the land, and I caused them to lie down confidently.
And I cut out for them a covenant in that day with the beasts of the field, and with the birds of the heavens, and the creeping things of the earth: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the land, and I caused them to lie down confidently.
According to the word Ephraim being terrified be was lifted up in Israel; and he will transgress in Baal and die.
According to the word Ephraim being terrified be was lifted up in Israel; and he will transgress in Baal and die.
And says to him, If thou art the Son of God cast thyself down; for it has been written, That to his messengers he will command concerning thee; and in the hands shall they lift thee up, lest that perhaps thou strike thy foot against a stone.
And says to him, If thou art the Son of God cast thyself down; for it has been written, That to his messengers he will command concerning thee; and in the hands shall they lift thee up, lest that perhaps thou strike thy foot against a stone.
As the Son of man came not to be served, but to serve, and to give his soul a ransom for many.
As the Son of man came not to be served, but to serve, and to give his soul a ransom for many.
When the strong, completely armed, should watch his court-yard, his possessions are in peace :
When the strong, completely armed, should watch his court-yard, his possessions are in peace :
And he made of one blood every nation of men to dwell upon all the face of the earth, having limited the times before arranged, and the bounds of their habitation;
And he made of one blood every nation of men to dwell upon all the face of the earth, having limited the times before arranged, and the bounds of their habitation;
Therefore, as by one man sin came into the world, and by sin death; and so death passed upon all men, in that all have sinned:
Therefore, as by one man sin came into the world, and by sin death; and so death passed upon all men, in that all have sinned: (For until the law sin was in the world: and sin is not charged, being no law.
(For until the law sin was in the world: and sin is not charged, being no law. But death reigned from Adam to Moses, and upon them not having sinned upon the likeness of Adam's transgression, who is the type of him about to be.
But death reigned from Adam to Moses, and upon them not having sinned upon the likeness of Adam's transgression, who is the type of him about to be. But not as the fall, so also the favor. For if for the fall of one many died, much more the grace of God, and the gift in grace, of one man, Jesus Christ, has abounded to many.
But not as the fall, so also the favor. For if for the fall of one many died, much more the grace of God, and the gift in grace, of one man, Jesus Christ, has abounded to many. And not as by one having sinned, the gift: for truly the judgment of one to condemnation, but the favor of many falls to justification.
And not as by one having sinned, the gift: for truly the judgment of one to condemnation, but the favor of many falls to justification. For if by the fall of one, death reigned by one; much more they receiving the abundance of grace and the gift of justice in life shall reign by one, Jesus Christ.)
For if by the fall of one, death reigned by one; much more they receiving the abundance of grace and the gift of justice in life shall reign by one, Jesus Christ.) Therefore as by the fall of one for all men to condemnation; so also by the justification of one for all men to justification of life.
Therefore as by the fall of one for all men to condemnation; so also by the justification of one for all men to justification of life. For as by one man's disobedience many were constituted sinful, so also by the obedience of one shall many be constituted just.
For as by one man's disobedience many were constituted sinful, so also by the obedience of one shall many be constituted just. And the law entered, that the fall might abound. And where sin abounded, grace superabounded:
And the law entered, that the fall might abound. And where sin abounded, grace superabounded: That as sin reigned in death, so grace might reign by justice to life eternal, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
That as sin reigned in death, so grace might reign by justice to life eternal, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
For truly the man ought not to have the head covered, being the image and glory of God: and the woman is the glory of the man.
For truly the man ought not to have the head covered, being the image and glory of God: and the woman is the glory of the man.
It is sown an animated body; it is raised a spiritual body. There is an animated body, and there is a spiritual body.
It is sown an animated body; it is raised a spiritual body. There is an animated body, and there is a spiritual body. So also has been written, The first man Adam was born into a living soul; and the last Adam into a spirit making alive.
So also has been written, The first man Adam was born into a living soul; and the last Adam into a spirit making alive.
Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having been a curse for us: for it has been written, Cursed every one hanging upon a tree:
Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having been a curse for us: for it has been written, Cursed every one hanging upon a tree:
There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither servant nor free, there is neither male and female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.
There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither servant nor free, there is neither male and female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.
Husbands, love your own wives, as also Christ loved the church, and delivered himself up for it;
Husbands, love your own wives, as also Christ loved the church, and delivered himself up for it; That he might consecrate it, having cleansed by the washing of water in the word,
That he might consecrate it, having cleansed by the washing of water in the word, That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing: but that it be holy and blameless.
That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing: but that it be holy and blameless. So ought men to love their own wives as their own bodies. He loving his wife, loves himself.
So ought men to love their own wives as their own bodies. He loving his wife, loves himself. For none at any time hates his own flesh; but brings it up and cherishes it, as also the Lord the church:
For none at any time hates his own flesh; but brings it up and cherishes it, as also the Lord the church: For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones.
For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones. For this a man shall leave his father and mother, and be joined to his wife, and they two shall be one flesh.
For this a man shall leave his father and mother, and be joined to his wife, and they two shall be one flesh. This is a great mystery: but I speak to Christ and to the church.
This is a great mystery: but I speak to Christ and to the church.
Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation:
Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation:
Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation:
Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation:
And having put on the new, being renewed in knowledge according to the image of him having created him:
And having put on the new, being renewed in knowledge according to the image of him having created him:
And the same God of peace consecrate you perfectly compete; and your whole spirit and soul and body be kept faultless to the arrival of our Lord Jesus Christ.
And the same God of peace consecrate you perfectly compete; and your whole spirit and soul and body be kept faultless to the arrival of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Who being the brightness of glory, and the figure of his foundation, and bearing all things by the word of his power, having made by himself the purification of our sins, he sat down on the right hand of the Majesty among the highest ones;
Who being the brightness of glory, and the figure of his foundation, and bearing all things by the word of his power, having made by himself the purification of our sins, he sat down on the right hand of the Majesty among the highest ones;
Who in the days of his flesh, both prayers and supplications to him able to save him from death, with strong crying and tears, having offered, and listened to by means of circumspection;
Who in the days of his flesh, both prayers and supplications to him able to save him from death, with strong crying and tears, having offered, and listened to by means of circumspection;
Looking in the distance to Jesus the author and completer of the faith; who for the joy laid before him endured the cross, having despised the shame, and sat down on the right hand of the throne of God.
Looking in the distance to Jesus the author and completer of the faith; who for the joy laid before him endured the cross, having despised the shame, and sat down on the right hand of the throne of God.
With it we praise the God and Father; and with it we curse men, those made according to the similitude of God.
With it we praise the God and Father; and with it we curse men, those made according to the similitude of God.
With it we praise the God and Father; and with it we curse men, those made according to the similitude of God.
With it we praise the God and Father; and with it we curse men, those made according to the similitude of God.
For every thing which in the world, the eager desire of the flesh, and the eager desire of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world.
For every thing which in the world, the eager desire of the flesh, and the eager desire of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world.
He having ears, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches; To him conquering I will give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the pleasure garden of God.
He having ears, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches; To him conquering I will give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the pleasure garden of God.
And the seventh angel sounded the trumpet; and great voices were in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of the world were our Lord's, and his Christ's; and he shall reign for ever and ever.
And the seventh angel sounded the trumpet; and great voices were in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of the world were our Lord's, and his Christ's; and he shall reign for ever and ever. And the twenty four elders, which before God sitting upon their thrones, fell upon their faces, and worshipped God,
And the twenty four elders, which before God sitting upon their thrones, fell upon their faces, and worshipped God, Saying, We return thanks to thee, O Lord God, the Omnipotent Ruler, who being, and who was, and who coming; for thou hast taken thy great power, and reigned.
Saying, We return thanks to thee, O Lord God, the Omnipotent Ruler, who being, and who was, and who coming; for thou hast taken thy great power, and reigned.
And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and the ark of his covenant was seen in his temple: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunders, and shakings, and great hail.
And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and the ark of his covenant was seen in his temple: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunders, and shakings, and great hail.
In the midst of her broad way and of the river, hence and thence, the tree of life, making twelve fruits, in a month each one returning its fruit: and the leaves of the tree for the cure of the nations.
In the midst of her broad way and of the river, hence and thence, the tree of life, making twelve fruits, in a month each one returning its fruit: and the leaves of the tree for the cure of the nations.
Happy they doing his commands, that their power shall be in the tree of life, and they might come in at the gates to the city.
Happy they doing his commands, that their power shall be in the tree of life, and they might come in at the gates to the city.