Reference: Feasts
American
God appointed several festivals, or days of rest and worship, among the Jews, to perpetuate the memory of great events wrought in favor of them: the Sabbath commemorated the creation of the world; the Passover, the departure out of Egypt; the Pentecost, the law given at Sinai, etc. At the three great feasts of the year, the Passover, Pentecost, and that of Tabernacles, all the males of the nation were required to visit the temple, Ex 23:14-17; De 16:16-17; and to protect their borders from invasion during their absence, the shield of a special providence was always interposed, Ex 34:23-24. The other festivals were the Feast of Trumpets, or New Moon, Purim, Dedication, the Sabbath year, and the year of Jubilee. These are described elsewhere. The observance of these sacred festivals was adapted not merely to freshen the remembrance of their early history as a nation, but to keep alive the influence of religion and the expectation of the Messiah, to deepen their joy in God, to dispel animosities and jealousies, and to form new associations between the different tribes and families. See also Day of EXPIATION.
In the Christian church, we have no festival that clearly appears to have been instituted by our Savior, or his apostles; but as we commemorate his death as often as we celebrate his supper, he has hereby seemed to institute a perpetual feast. Christians have always celebrated the memory of his resurrection by regarding the Sabbath, which we see, from Re 1:10, was in John's time commonly called "the Lord's day." Feasts of love, Jude 1:12, were public banquets of a frugal kind, instituted by the primitive Christians, and connected by them with the celebration of the Lord's supper. The provisions were contributed by the more wealthy, and were common to all Christians, whether rich or poor, who chose to partake. Portions were also sent to the sick and absent members. These love-feasts were intended as an exhibition of mutual Christian affection; but they became subject to abuses, and were afterwards generally discontinued, 1Co 11:17-34.
The Hebrews were a hospitable people, and were wont to welcome their guests with a feast, and dismiss them with another, Ge 19:3; 31:27; Jg 6:19; 2Sa 3:20; 2Ki 6:23. The returning prodigal was thus welcomed, Lu 15:23. Many joyful domestic events were observed with feasting: birthdays, etc., Ge 21:8; 40:20; Job 1:4; Mt 14:6; marriages, Ge 29:22; Jg 14:10; Joh 2:1-10; sheep shearing and harvesting, Jg 9:27; 1Sa 25:2,36; 2Sa 13:23. A feast was also provided at funerals, 2Sa 3:35; Jer 16:7. Those who brought sacrifices and offerings to the temple were wont to feast upon them there, with joy and praise to God, De 12:6-7; 1Sa 16:5; 2Sa 6:19. They were taught to invite all the needy to partake with them, De 16:11; and even to make special feasts for the poor, De 12:17-19; 14:28; 26:12-15; a custom which the Savior specially commended, Lu 14:12-14.
The manner of holding a feast was anciently marked with great simplicity. But at the time of Christ many Roman customs had been introduced. The feast or "supper" usually took place at five or six in the afternoon, and often continued to a late hour. The guests were invited some time in advance; and those who accepted the invitation were again notified by servants when the hour arrived, Mt 22:4-8; Lu 14:16-24. The door was guarded against uninvited persons; and was at length closed for the day by the hand of the master of the house, Mt 25:10; Lu 13:24. Sometimes very large numbers were present, Es 1:3,5; Lu 14:16-24; and on such occasions a "governor of the feast" was appointed, whose social qualities, tact, firmness, and temperance fitted him to preside, Joh 2:8. The guests were arranged with a careful regard to their claims to honor, Ge 43:33; 1Sa 9:22; Pr 25:6-7; Mt 23:6; Lu 14:7; in which matter the laws of etiquette are still jealously enforced in the East. Sometimes the host provided light, rich, loose robes for the company; and if so, the refusing to wear one was a gross insult, Ec 9:8; Mt 22:11; Re 3:4-5. The guests reclined around the tables; water and perfumes were served to them, Mr 7:2; Lu 7:44-46; and after eating, the hands were again washed, a servant pouring water over them. During the repast and after it various entertainments were provided; enigmas were proposed, Jg 14:12; eastern tales were told; music and hired dancers, and often excessive drinking, etc., occupied the time, Isa 5:12; 24:7-9; Am 6:5. See EATING, FOOD.
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But he became exceeding urgent with them, so they turned aside unto him and entered into his house, - and he made for them a banquet, unleavened cakes, also did he bake, and they did eat.
And the child grew, and was weaned, - and Abraham made a great banquet, on the day of the weaning of Isaac.
So Laban gathered together all the men of the place and made a banquet,
Wherefore didst thou secretly flee, and rob me, - and didst not tell me, that I might send thee away with rejoicing and with songs, with timbrel and with lyre;
And it came to pass on the third day the birthday of Pharaoh, that he made a banquet for all his servants, and uplifted the head of the chief of the butlers and the head of the chief of the bakers in the midst of his servants;
So they took their seats before him, the firstborn, according to his birthright and the youngest, according to his youth, - and the men looked with amazement, each one at his companion.
Three times, shalt thou keep festival to me, in the year. The festival of unleavened cakes, shalt thou keep, - seven days, shalt thou eat unleavened cakes, as I commanded thee at the appointed time of the month Abib; for, therein, camest thou forth out of Egypt, - and they shall not see my face, empty-handed. read more. And the festival of harvest with the firstfruits of thy labours, which thou shalt sow in the field, And the festival of ingathering - at the outgoing of the year, when thou hast gathered in thy labours out of the field. Three times in the year, shall all thy males see the face of the Lord, Yahweh.
three times in the year, shall every one of thy males see the face of the Lord Yahweh the God of Israel. For I will root out nations from before thee, and will enlarge thy borders, - and no man shall covet thy land, when thou goes up to see the face of Yahweh thy God, three times in the year.
and bring in thither your ascending-offerings and your sacrifices, and your tithes, and the heave-offering of your hand, - and your vow-offerings and your freewill-offerings, and the firstlings of your herd and of your flock; and shall eat there before Yahweh your God, and rejoice in all whereunto ye are putting your hand, Ye, and your households, - wherewith Yahweh thy God hath blessed thee.
Thou mayest not eat within thy gates, the tithe of thy corn or of thy new wine or of thine oil, or the firstlings of thy herd, or of thy flock, - nor any of thy vow-offerings which thou shalt vow, nor thy freewill, offerings, nor the heave-offering of thy hand; but before Yahweh thy God, shalt thou eat it in the place which Yahweh thy God shall choose, thou and thy son and thy daughter, and thy servant and thy handmaid, and the Levite who is within thy gates, - so shalt thou rejoice before Yahweh thy God, in all whereunto thou puttest thy hand. read more. Take heed to thyself, lest thou forsake the Levite, - all thy days upon thy soil.
At the end of three years, shalt thou bring forth all the tithe of thine increase in that year, - and shalt lay it up within thy gates;
So shalt thou rejoice before Yahweh thy God - thou, and thy son and thy daughter and thy servant and thy handmaid, and the Levite who is within thy gates, and the sojourner, and the fatherless and the widow who are in thy midst, - in the place which Yahweh thy God shall choose, to make a habitation for his name there.
Three times in the year, shall each one of thy males see the face of Yahweh thy God, in the place which he shall choose, at the festival of unleavened cakes and at the festival of weeks and at the festival of booths, - and none shall see the face of Yahweh empty-handed: every man according as his hand can give, - according to the blessing of Yahweh thy God, which he hath bestowed upon thee.
When thou shalt make an end of tithing all the tithe of thine increase in the third year the year of tithing, - and shalt give unto the Levite unto the sojourner, unto the fatherless and unto the widow, and they shall eat within thy gates and be satisfied, then shalt thou say - before Yahweh thy God: - I have carefully removed that which was hallowed out of the house moreover also I have given it unto the Levite, and unto the sojourner unto the fatherless and unto the widow, according to all thy commandment which thou hast commanded me, - I have not transgressed any of thy commandments neither have I forgotten, read more. I have not eaten in my sorrow therefrom neither have I removed therefrom when unclean, neither have I given thereof unto the dead, - I have hearkened unto the voice of Yahweh my God, I have done according to all which thou hast commanded me. Look thou down out of thy holy habitation out of the heavens and bless thy people Israel, and the soil which thou hast given unto us, - as thou didst swear unto our fathers, a and flowing with milk and honey.
So, Gideon, went in, and made ready a kid of the goats, and, of an ephah of meal, unleavened cakes, the flesh, he put in a basket, and, the broth, he put in a pot, - and brought them forth unto him, under the oak, and presented them.
Then went they out into the fields, and gathered the fruit of their vineyards and trode the grapes , and held a vintage festival, - and entered the house of their god, and did eat and drink, and poured contempt on Abimelech.
And his father went down unto the woman, - and Samson made there a banquet, for, so, used the young men, to do.
And Samson said unto them, I pray you let me put you forth a riddle, - if ye, tell, it me, within the seven days of the banquet, and find it out, then will I give you thirty linen wraps and thirty changes of raiment;
And, when all the people came near to get David to eat bread, while yet it was day, David sware, saying - So, let God do to me, and, so, let him add, if, before the sun go in, I taste bread, or anything else.
in the third year of his reign, he made a banquet unto all his rulers, and his servants, - the power of Persia and Media, the nobles and the rulers being before him;
that, when these days were fulfilled, the king made - for all the people that were present in Shusan the palace, both for great and small - a banquet, seven days, - in the court of the garden of the palace of the king:
Now his sons were wont to go, and make a banquet, at the house of each one upon his day, - and to send and call their three sisters, to eat and to drink with them.
Do not honour thyself before a king, nor, in the place of great men, do thou stand; For better it be said to thee, Come up hither, - than that thou be put lower down before a noble, whom thine own eyes, have beheld.
Continually, let thy garments be white, - and, ointment upon thy bead, let it not be lacking.
And it cometh to pass - that lyre and harp, timbrel and flute and wine are in their banquets, - But, the doing of Yahweh, they do not discern, And the work of his hands, have they not seen.
Mourneth the new wine. Withereth the vine, - Sighing are all the merryhearted: Ceased hath the mirth of timbrels, Ended is the noise of the uproarious, - Ceased hath the mirth of the lyre: read more. With a song, they drink not wine, - Bitter is strong drink, to them who drink it:
Neither shall they break bread to them in mourning To console one over his dead, - Nor cause them to drink the cup of consolation, Over ones father Or over ones mother;
Who are bawling at the bidding of the harp, - like David, have they invented for themselves instruments of song:
But, a birthday feast of Herod taking place, the daughter of Herodias danced in the midst, and pleased Herod;
Again, sent he other servants, saying - Say to the invited, Lo! my dinner, have I prepared, mine oxen and my fatlings, are slain, - and, all things, are, ready: Come ye into the marriage-feast. And, they, slighting it, went off, one, indeed, into his own field, and, another, unto his merchandise, - read more. And, the rest, securing his servants, ill-treated and slew them. And, the king, was provoked to anger, - and, sending his armies, destroyed those murderers, and, their city, set on fire. Then, saith he unto his servants - The marriage, indeed, is ready, - but, the invited, were not, worthy;
But the king, entering to view the guests, saw there a man, who had not put on a wedding-garment, -
And dearly love the first couch in the chief meals, and the first seats in the synagogues,
But, as they were going away to buy, the bridegroom came; and, they who were ready, went in with him, into the marriage-feast, and, the door was locked.
and, observing certain of his disciples, that, with defiled hands, that is unwashed, they are eating bread, - -
And, turning towards the woman, unto Simon, he said - Seest thou this woman? I entered into thy house: water to me, on my feet, thou didst not give, - but, she, with her tears, hath wetted my feet, and, with her hair, wiped off the tears . A kiss, to me, thou didst not give, - but, she, from the time I came in, hath not ceased tenderly kissing my feet. read more. With oil, my head, thou didst not anoint, - but, she, with perfume, hath anointed, my feet.
Be striving to enter through the narrow door; for, many, I say unto you, will seek to enter, and will not be able, -
And he went on to speak, unto the invited, a parable, - observing how, the first couches, they were choosing; saying unto them -
Moreover he went on to say, unto him also who had invited him, - Whensoever thou mayest be making a dinner or a supper, do not call thy friends, or thy brothers, or thy kinsfolk, or rich neighbours, - lest once, they also, invite thee in return, and it become a recompense unto thee. But, whensoever, an entertainment, thou mayest be making, invite the destitute, the tried, the lame, the blind; read more. and, happy, shalt thou be, that they have not wherewith to recompense thee, for it shall be recompensed unto thee, in the resurrection of the righteous.
But, he, said unto him - A certain man, was making a great supper, and invited many;
But, he, said unto him - A certain man, was making a great supper, and invited many; and he sent out his servant, at the hour of the supper, to say unto the invited - Be coming! because, even now, is it, ready.
and he sent out his servant, at the hour of the supper, to say unto the invited - Be coming! because, even now, is it, ready. And they all began, one after another to excuse themselves. The first, said unto him - A field, have I bought, and have need to go out and see it: I request thee, hold me excused.
And they all began, one after another to excuse themselves. The first, said unto him - A field, have I bought, and have need to go out and see it: I request thee, hold me excused. And, another, said - Five yoke of oxen, have I bought, and am going my way to prove them; I request thee, hold me excused.
And, another, said - Five yoke of oxen, have I bought, and am going my way to prove them; I request thee, hold me excused. And, another, said - A wife, have I married, and, for this cause, I cannot come!
And, another, said - A wife, have I married, and, for this cause, I cannot come! And, going near, the servant reported unto his lord these things. Then, provoked to anger, the master of the house said unto his servant - Go out quickly, into the broadways and streets of the city, - and, the destitute, and tried, and blind, and lame, bring thou in here.
And, going near, the servant reported unto his lord these things. Then, provoked to anger, the master of the house said unto his servant - Go out quickly, into the broadways and streets of the city, - and, the destitute, and tried, and blind, and lame, bring thou in here. And the servant said - Lord! what thou didst order, hath been done; and, yet, there is, room.
And the servant said - Lord! what thou didst order, hath been done; and, yet, there is, room. And the lord said unto the servant - Go out among the highways and fences, and compel them to come in; that my house may be filled.
And the lord said unto the servant - Go out among the highways and fences, and compel them to come in; that my house may be filled. For, I say unto you - Not one of those men who had been invited, shall taste of my supper.
For, I say unto you - Not one of those men who had been invited, shall taste of my supper.
And be bringing the fatted calf, sacrifice! and let us eat and make merry:
And, on the third day, a marriage, took place, in Cana, of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there, - and Jesus also was invited, with his disciples, unto the marriage. read more. And, wine falling short, the mother of Jesus saith unto him - Wine, have they none! And Jesus saith unto her - What part can I take with thee, O woman? Not yet, hath come, mine hour. His mother saith unto them who are ministering - Whatsoever he may say to you, do! Now there were there, six stone water-vessels, placed, according to the purification of the Jews; holding each, two or three measures. Jesus saith unto them - Fill the vessels with water. And they filled them up to the brim. And he saith unto them - Draw out now, and be bearing unto the master of the feast. And they bare.
And he saith unto them - Draw out now, and be bearing unto the master of the feast. And they bare. And, when the master of the feast had tasted the water, now made, wine, and knew not whence it was, - though, they who were ministering, knew, even they who had drawn out the water, the master accosteth the bridegroom, read more. and saith unto him - Every man, first the good wine, setteth out; and, when they had been well-supplied, the inferior: - Thou, hast kept the good wine until, even now.
But, in giving you the following charge, I praise you not, - in that, not for the better, but for the worse, ye come together. For, first of all, - when ye come together in assembly, I hear that divisions among you exist, - and, in part, I believe it; read more. For there must needs be, even parties among you, that, the approved, themselvesmay become manifest among you. When, therefore, ye come together into one place, it is not to eat, a supper unto the Lord; For, each one, taketh beforehand, his own supper, in your eating, and, one, indeed, is hungry, whereas, another, is drinking to excess. What! have ye not houses for your eating and drinking? or, the assembly of God, do ye despise, and, put to shame them who have nothing? What am I to say to you? Shall I praise you? In this, I praise you not. For, I myself, received from the Lord - that which I also delivered unto you, - how that, the Lord Jesus, in the night in which he was being delivered up, took a loaf, And, giving thanks, brake it, and said - This, is my body, which is for you, - this, do ye, in remembrance of me; In the same manner, the cup also, after they had taken supper, saying - This cup, is, the new covenant in my blood, this, do ye, as often soever as ye may be drinking it, in remembrance of me. For, as often as ye may be eating this loaf, and, the cup, may be drinking, The death of the Lord, do ye announce, until he come. So that, whosoever may be eating the loaf, or drinking the cup of the Lord, in an unworthy manner, shall be responsible for the body and blood of the Lord. But let a man be proving himself, - and, so, of the loaf, let him eat, and, of the cup, let him drink; For, he that is eating and drinking, - judgment unto himself, doth eat and drink, - if he be not setting apart the body. For this cause, many among you are weak and sickly; and, not a few, are falling asleep. If, however, we had been setting, ourselves, apart, we had not, in that case, been coming under judgment; But, being brought under judgment, by the Lord, are we being disciplined, lest, with the world, we should be condemned. So then, my brethren, - when ye come together for the eating, unto one another, be giving welcome: - If anyone be hungry, at home, let him eat, lest, unto judgment, ye be coming together. And, the remaining things, whensoever I come, I will set in order.
These are they - who, in your love-feasts, are hidden rocks, as they fare sumptuously together, fearlessly, themselves, shepherding, - clouds without water, by winds swept along, trees autumnal, fruitless, twice dead, uprooted,
I came to be, in Spirit, in the Lord's Day, and heard, behind me, a loud voice, as of a trumpet,
Nevertheless, thou hast a few names, in Sardis, which have not defiled their garments; and they shall walk with me in white, because they are, worthy. He that overcometh, shall, thus, array himself in white garments, and in nowise will I blot out his name, from the book of life; and I will confess his name before my Father, and before his messengers.
Fausets
Hag (from a root, "to dance") is the Hebrew applied to the Passover, and still more to the feast of tabernacles, as both were celebrated with rejoicings and participation of food (Ex 12:14; Le 23:39; Nu 29:12; De 16:22). But moed is the general term for all sacred assemblies convoked on stated anniversaries; God's people by His appointment meeting before Him in brotherly fellowship for worship. Their communion was primarily with God, then with one another. These national feasts tended to join all in one brotherhood. Hence, arose Jeroboam's measures to counteract the effect on his people (1Ki 12:26-27). Hezekiah made the revival of the national Passover a primary step in his efforts for a reformation (2Ch 30:1). The Roman government felt the feast a time when especial danger of rebellion existed (Mt 26:5; Lu 13:1).
The "congregations," "calling of assemblies," "solemn meetings" (Isa 1:13; Ps 81:3), both on the convocation days of the three great feasts, passover, Pentecost, and tabernacles, and also on the sabbaths, imply assemblies for worship, the forerunners of the synagogue (compare 2Ki 4:23). The septenary number prevails in the great feasts. Pentecost was seven weeks (sevens) after Passover; passover and the feast of tabernacles lasted seven days each; the days of holy convocation were seven in the year, two at Passover, one at pentecost, one at the feast of trumpets, one on the day of atonement (the first day or new moon of the seventh month), and two at the feast of tabernacles. The last two solemn days were in the seventh month, and the cycle of feasts is seven months, from Nisan to Tisri. There was also the sabbatical year, and the year of Jubilee.
The continued observance of the three feasts commemorative of the great facts of Israelite history make it incredible that the belief of those facts could have been introduced at any period subsequent to the supposed time of their occurrence if they never took place. The day, the month, and every incident of Israel's deliverance out of Egypt are embalmed in the anniversary passover. On the three great feasts each Israelite was bound to "appear before the Lord," i.e., attend in the court of the tabernacle or temple and make his offering with gladness (Leviticus 23; De 27:7). Pious women often went up to the Passover: as Lu 2:41, Mary; 1Sa 1:7; 2:19, Hannah. Those men who might happen to be unable to attend at the proper time kept the feast the same day in the succeeding month (Nu 9:10-11). On the days of holy convocation all ordinary work was suspended (Le 23:21-35). The three great feasts had a threefold bearing.
I. They marked the three points of time as to the fruits of the earth.
II. They marked three epochs in Israel's past history.
III. They pointed prophetically to three grand antitypical events of the gospel kingdom.
I. They marked the three points of time as to the fruits of the earth.
(I.) At the Passover in spring, in the month Abib, the first green ears of barley were cut, and were a favorite food, prepared as parched grain, but first of all a handful of green ears was presented to the Lord.
(2) Fifty days (as Pentecost means) after Passover came the feast of weeks, i.e. a week of weeks after Passover. The now ripe wheat, before being cut, was sanctified by its firstfruits, namely two loaves of fine flour, being offered to Jehovah.
(3) At the feast of tabernacles, in the end of the common year and the seventh month of the religious year, there was a feast of ingathering when all the fruits of the field had been gathered in. There was no offering of consecration, for the offerings for sanctifying the whole had been presented long before. It was not a consecration of what was begun, but a joyful thanksgiving for what was completed. See for the spiritual lesson Pr 3:9; Ps 118:15.
II. They marked three epochs in Israel's past history. Each of the three marked a step in the HISTORICAL progress of Israel.
(1) The Passover commemorated the deliverance out of Egypt when Jehovah passed over Israel, protecting them from the destroying angel and sparing them, and so achieving for them the first step of independent national life as God's covenant people.
(2) Pentecost marked the giving of the law on Sinai, the second grand era in the history of the elect nation. God solemnly covenanted, "If ye will obey My voice indeed and keep My covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto Me above all people, and ye shall be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation" (Ex 19:5).
(3) All the nation now wanted was a home. The feast of tabernacles commemorates the establishment of God's people in the land of promise, their pleasant and peaceful home, after the 40 years of wandering in the wilderness, living in shifting tents. They took boughs of palm and willows of the brook, and made temporary huts of branches and sat under the booths. So in their fixed home and land of rest their enjoyment was enhanced by the thankful and holy remembrance of past wanderings without a fixed dwelling. Joshua especially observed this feast after the settlement in Canaan (as incidentally comes out in Ne 8:17).
Solomon (appropriately to his name, which means king of peace) also did so, for his reign was preeminently the period of peaceful possession when every man dwelt under his own vine and figtree (1Ki 4:25); immediately after that the last relic of wilderness life was abolished by the ark being taken from under curtains and deposited in the magnificent temple of stone in the seventh month (2Ch 5:3), the feast of tabernacles was celebrated on the 15th day, and on the 23rd Solomon sent the great congregation away glad in heart for the goodness that the Lord had showed unto David, Solomon, and Israel His people.
The third celebration especially recorded was after the Babylonian captivity, when the Jews were re-established in their home under Ezra and Nehemiah, and all gathered themselves together as one man on the first day of the seventh month, the feast of trumpets. Then followed the reading of the law and renewal of the covenant. Then finding in the law directions as to the feast of tabernacles, they brought branches of olive, pine, myrtle, and palm, and thick trees, and made booths on their roofs and in their courts, and in the courts of God's house, and sat under them with "great gladness" (Nehemiah 8).
III. They pointed prophetically to three grand antitypical events of the gospel kingdom. Prophetically and typically.
(1) The Passover points to the Lord Jesus, the true paschal Lamb sacrificed for us, whose sacrifice brings to us a perpetual feast (1Co 5:7).
(2) Pentecost points to our Whitsuntide (Acts 2) when the Holy Spirit descending on Christ's disciples confirms Christ's covenant of grace in the heart more effectually than the law of Sinai written on stone (2Co 3:3-18).
(3) Two great steps have already been taken toward establishing the kingdom of God. Christ has risen from death as "the firstfruits of them that slept" (1Co 15:20), even as the green ears of barley were offered as firstfruits at Passover. Secondly, the Holy Spirit has not merely once descended but still abides in the church as His temple, giving us a perpetual Whitsun feast, One step more is needed; we have received redemption, also the Holy Spirit; we wait still for our inheritance and abiding home. The feast of tabernacles points on to the antitypical Canaan, the everlasting inheritance, of which the Holy Spirit is the "earnest" (Eph 1:13-14; Heb 4:8-9). The antitypical feast of tabernacles shall be under the antitypical Joshua, Jesus the Captain of our salvation, the antitypical Solomon, the Prince of peace (Isa 9:6; Re 7:9-17).
The zest of the heavenly joy of the palmbearing multitude (antitypical to the palmbearers at the feast of tabernacles), redeemed out of all nations, shall be the remembrance of their tribulations in this wilderness world forever past; for repose is sweetest after toil, and difficulties surmounted add to the delight of triumph. Salvation was the prominent topic at the feast. In later times they used to draw water from the pool of Siloam, repeating from Isaiah 12 "with joy shall ye draw water from the wells of salvation," r
See Verses Found in Dictionary
So shall this day serve you for a memorial, and ye shall celebrate it, as a festival to Yahweh, - to your generations - as an age-abiding statute, shall ye celebrate it.
Now, therefore, if ye will, indeed hearken, to my voice, And keep my covenant, Then shall ye be mine as a treasure beyond all the peoples, For, mine, is all the earth;
And ye shall make proclamation on this self-same day - a holy convocation, shall it be unto you; no laborious work, shall ye do, - an age-abiding statute in all your dwellings, unto your generations. And, when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly clear the border of thy field when thou reapest, and, the gleanings of thy field, shalt thou not glean, - for the poor and for the sojourner, shalt thou leave them. I - Yahweh, am your God.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying: - In the seventh month on the first of the month, shall there be unto you a sacred rest, a trumpet-blowing commemoration a holy convocation: no laborious work, shall ye do, - but ye shall bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh.
Surely on the tenth of this seventh month, is, the Day of Propitiation, a holy convocation, shall it be to you, therefore shall ye humble your souls, - and bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh. And, no work, shall ye do, on this selfsame day, - for a day of propitiation, it is, to put a propitiatory-covering over you before Yahweh your God. read more. For, whosoever be the person that shall not be humbled on this selfsame day, then shall he be cut off from among his kinsfolk. And, whosoever be the person that shall do any work on this selfsame day, then will I destroy that person from the midst of his people. No work, shall ye do, - an age-abiding statute to your generations, in all your dwellings. A sabbath of sacred rest, shall it be unto you, so shall ye humble your souls, - on the ninth of the month in the evening, from evening to evening, shall ye keep your sabbath.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying: - On the fifteenth day of this seventh month, shall be the festival of booths, for seven days, unto Yahweh. On the first day, shall be a holy convocation, - no laborious work, shall ye do.
Surely, on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when ye have gathered in the yield of the land, shall ye celebrate the festival of Yahweh seven days, - on the first day, a sacred rest, and, on the eighth day, a sacred rest.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying, - Though, any man, be unclean by a dead person or be on a journey afar off, whether in the case of yourselves or of your generations, yet shall he keep a passover unto Yahweh. In the second month, on the fourteenth day between the two evenings, shall they keep it, - with unleavened cakes and bitter herbs, shall they eat it.
And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, a holy convocation shall there be unto you, no laborious work, shall ye do, but ye shall celebrate a festival unto Yahweh, seven days.
neither shalt thou set thee up a pillar, - which Yahweh thy God, doth hate.
and thou shalt sacrifice peace-offerings and shalt eat there, - and rejoice before Yahweh thy God.
And among those nations, shalt thou find no ease, neither shall there be a place of rest for the sole of thy foot, - but Yahweh will give unto thee there a trembling heart, and a failing of eyes and faintness of soul.
And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kiriath-sepher, and captureth it, I will give unto him Achsah my daughter, to wife.
And, thus, used she to do, year by year, whenever she went up to the house of Yahweh, thus, used she to vex her, - and she wept, and would not eat.
Also, a little robe, used his mother to make for him, and bring it up to him, from year to year, - when she came up with her husband, to offer the sacrifice of the year.
And Judah and Israel dwelt securely, every man under his own vine, and under his own fig-tree, from Dan even unto Beer-sheba, - all the days of Solomon.
And Jeroboam said in his heart, - Now, shall the kingdom return to the house of David: If this people go up to offer sacrifices in the house of Yahweh, in Jerusalem, then will the heart of this people return unto their lord, unto Rehoboam, king of Judah, - and they will slay me, and return unto Rehoboam, king of Judah.
And he said - Wherefore art thou going unto him, to-day, neither new moon nor sabbath? And she said - Peace!
And all the men of Israel came together unto the king, in the festival, - the same, was the seventh month.
Then sent Hezekiah unto all Israel and Judah, moreover also, letters, wrote he unto Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come unto the house of Yahweh, in Jerusalem, - to keep a passover unto Yahweh, God of Israel.
And all the convocation of them who had returned out of the captivity made booths, and dwelt in booths, for, since the days of Jeshua son of Nun, had not the sons of Israel done so, unto that day, - and there was very great rejoicing.
Blow, at the new moon, the horn, At the full moon, for the day of our sacred festival:
The voice of shouting and salvation, is in the tents of the righteous, The right hand of Yahweh, is doing valiantly:
The voice of shouting and salvation, is in the tents of the righteous, The right hand of Yahweh, is doing valiantly:
Ah now, Yahweh, do save, we beseech thee, Ah now, Yahweh, do send success, we beseech thee! Blessed be he that entereth, In the Name of Yahweh, we have blessed you, out of the house of Yahweh.
Honour thou Yahweh, with thy substance, and with the firstfruit of all thine increase;
Ye shall not again bring in an empty, present, Incense, an abomination, is that unto me! New moon, and sabbath calling an assembly - I cannot endure, iniquity and sacred festival!
For, A Child, hath been born to us, A Son, hath been given to us, And the dominion is upon his shoulder, - And his Name hath been called Wonderful Counsellor, Mighty GOD, Father of Futurity, Prince of Prosperity.
So will Yahweh become king over all the earth, - In that day, shall there be one Yahweh, and, his Name, be one.
And it shall come to pass, that, as for every one that is left out of all the nations that came against Jerusalem, that they shall come up, from year to year, to bow down to the king, Yahweh of hosts, and to celebrate the festival of booths.
For I say unto you - in no wise, may ye see me, henceforth, until ye say, Blessed, is he that cometh, in the name of the Lord!
They were saying, however: Not during the feast, lest, an uproar, arise among the people.
And his parents used to journey yearly into Jerusalem, at the feast of the passover.
Now there were present some, in that very season, bringing tidings to him, concerning the Galilaeans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
But the feast of the Jews was near, that of the pitching of tents. His brethren, therefore, said unto him - Remove hence, and withdraw into Judaea, that, thy disciples also, may view thy works which thou art doing. read more. For, no one, anything in secret, doeth, and yet is seeking, himself, to be well-known. If, these things, thou art doing, manifest thyself unto the world. For, not even his brethren, were believing on him. Jesus, therefore, saith unto them - My season, not yet, is here; but, your season, at anytime, is ready: The world cannot hate you; but, me, it hateth, because, I, bear witness concerning it, that, the works thereof, are, wicked. Ye, go up unto the feast: I, not yet, am coming up unto this feast, because, my season, not yet, hath fully come. And, these things, having said unto them, he was still abiding in Galilee. But, when his brethren had gone up unto the feast, then, he also, went up, - not openly, but as it were in secret. The Jews, therefore, were seeking him in the feast, and were saying - Where is that one? and there was great, murmuring, about him among the multitudes: some, indeed, were saying - Good, is he! but, others, were saying - Not so! but he is leading the multitude astray. No one, nevertheless, was speaking, openly, about him, because of their fear of the Jews. Presently, however, the feast being at its height, Jesus went up unto the temple and was teaching. The Jews, therefore, began to marvel, saying - How, doth this one know, letters, not having learned? Jesus, therefore, answered them, and said - My teaching, is not mine, but his who sent me. If any one intend, his will, to do, he shall get to know concerning the teaching - whether it is, of God, or, I, from myself, am speaking, He that, from himself, doth speak, his own glory, is seeking: he that seeketh the glory of him that sent him, the same, is, true, and, injustice, in him, is there none. Did not, Moses, give you the law? And yet, not one of you, doeth the law! - Why, seek ye, to slay, me? The multitude answered - A demon, thou hast: Who, is seeking, to slay, thee? Jesus answered, and said unto them - One work, I did, and ye, all, are marvelling: For this cause, Moses, hath given you, circumcision, - not that, of Moses, it is, but of the fathers; - and, on Sabbath, ye circumcise a man. If, circumcision, a man receiveth, on Sabbath, that the law of Moses may not be broken, with me, are ye bitter as gall, because, a whole man, I made, well, on Sabbath? Be not judging according to appearance, but, just judgment, be judging, So then, some of them of Jerusalem were saying - Is not, this, he whom they are seeking to kill? And yet, see! with freedom of speech, he is talking, and, nothing, unto him, do they say: - Have the rulers perhaps come to know, of a truth, that, this, is, the Christ? But, as for this one, we know whence he is; The Christ, however, whensoever he shall come, no one, getteth to know whence he is. Jesus, therefore, cried aloud in the temple, teaching, and saying - Both me, ye know, and ye know whence I am, - and yet, of myself, have I not come, but he is real, who sent me, whom, ye, know not. I, know him, because, from him, I am, and, he, sent me forth. They were seeking therefore to seize him; and yet no one laid on him his hand, because, not yet, had come his hour. But, from amongst the multitude, many, believed on him, and were saying - The Christ, whensoever he cometh, greater signs, will he do, than those which, this one, did? The Pharisees hearkened unto the multitude murmuring concerning him these things; and the High-priests and the Pharisees sent forth officers, that they might seize him. Jesus, therefore, said - Yet a little time, I am, with you, and withdraw unto him that sent me: Ye shall seek me, and not find me, and, where, I, am, ye, cannot come. The Jews, therefore, said unto themselves - Whither, is, this one, about to go, that we shall not find him? Unto the dispersion of the Greeks, is he about to go, and teach the Greeks? What, is this which he said: Ye shall seek me and not find me, and, where, I, am, ye, cannot come? Now, on the last - the great - day of the feast, Jesus was standing, and he cried aloud, saying - If any man thirst, let him come unto me and drink:
Now, this, spake he concerning the Spirit which they who believed on him were about to receive; for, not yet, was there Spirit, because, Jesus, not yet, was glorified!
and, their possessions and goods, were they selling and distributing them unto all, in so far as anyone had need. And, daily giving attendance with one intent in the temple and, at home, breaking bread, they were partaking of food with exultation and singleness of heart;
And laying them at the feet of the Apostles, while on the other hand they were distributing unto each one, in so far as any one had, need.
But, in these days, the disciples, multiplying, there arose a murmuring of the Grecian Jews against the Hebrews, in that, their widows, were being overlooked in the daily ministry.
Purge ye out the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, - even as ye are unleavened; for, our passover, hath even been sacrificed - Christ:
But, now, hath Christ been raised from among the dead, - a firstfruit of them who have fallen asleep;
Manifesting yourselves that ye are a letter of Christ, ministered by us, - inscribed - not with ink, but with the Spirit of a Living God, not in tablets of stone, but in tablets which are hearts of flesh. But, such confidence as this, have we, through the Christ, towards God. read more. Not that, of our own selves, sufficient, are we, to reckon anything as of ourselves, but, our sufficiency, is of God; - Who also hath made us sufficient to be ministers of a new covenant - not of letter, but of spirit, for, the letter, killeth, whereas, the Spirit, maketh alive. But, if, the ministry of death, in letters engraven in stones, was brought into existence with glory, so that the sons of Israel could not look steadfastly into the face of Moses, by reason of the glory of his face - which glory was to be done away, How shall not, rather, the ministry of the Spirit, be with glory? For, if, the ministry of condemnation was glory, much rather, doth the ministry of righteousness abound with glory, For that which hath been made glorious, hath not even been made glorious, in this respect, - by reason of the surpassing glory. For, if that which was to be done away was brought in with glory, much more, that which is to abide, is in glory. Having, then, such hope as this, great openness of speech, do we use; - And are not just like Moses, who kept putting a veil upon his face, so that the sons of Israel should not look steadily unto the end of that which was to be done away. But their thoughts were turned into stone: for, until this very day, the same veil, upon the reading of the old covenant, abideth, not to be removed, because, in Christ, it is to be done away; But, until this day, whensoever Moses is read, a veil upon their heart, doth lie; Howbeit, whensoever he turneth unto the Lord, he taketh off the veil: And, the Lord, is, the Spirit: now, where the Spirit of one who is Lord is, there is freedom! And, we all, with unveiled face, receiving and reflecting, the glory of the Lord, into the same image, are being transformed, from glory into glory, - even as from a Spirit that is Lord.
In whom, ye also - hearing the word of the truth, the glad-message of your salvation, - in whom also believing, - were sealed with the Spirit of the promise, the Holy Spirit , Which is an earnest of our inheritance, unto the redemption of the acquisition; - unto his glorious praise.
For, if, unto them, Joshua had given rest, it had not in that case, concerning another day, been speaking, after, these things. Hence there is, left over, a Sabbath-keeping, for the people of God.
Thus, the Christ also, once for all having been offered, for the bearing of the sins, of many, a second time, apart from sin, will appear, to them who for him are ardently waiting - unto salvation.
Doing wrong themselves, for a reward of wrong, accounting, a delight, their day-time delicacy, spots and blemishes, indulging in delicacies with their stratagems, as they carouse together with you,
After these things, I saw, and 1o! a great multitude, - which, to number it! no one was able, - of every nation, and of all tribes, and peoples, and tongues; standing before the throne, and before the Lamb; arrayed in white robes, and palm-branches in their hands; - and they cry out with a loud voice, saying - Salvation unto our God who sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb! read more. And, all the messengers, were standing round about the throne and the elders and the four living creatures; and they fell down before the throne upon their faces, and rendered homage unto God, saying - Amen! The blessing, and the glory, and the wisdom, and the thanksgiving, and the honour, and the power, and the might, - be unto our God, unto the ages of ages. Amen! And one of the elders began, saying unto me - These who are arrayed in white robes, who are they? and whence came they? And I at once said to him - My lord! thou, knowest! And he said unto me - These, are they who come out of the great tribulation, and they washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the Lamb; For this cause, are they before the throne of God, and are rendering divine service unto him, day and night, in his sanctuary; and he that sitteth upon the throne shall spread his tent over them; They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more, neither in any wise shall the sun fall upon them, nor any burning heat; Because, the Lamb that is in the midst of the throne, shall shepherd them, and shall lead them unto life's fountains of waters; and God shall wipe away every tear out of their eyes.
Hastings
Introductory.
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For, in six days, did Yahweh make the heavens and the earth, and the sea - and all that in them is, and rested on the seventh day, - for this cause, Yahweh blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.
Six days, shalt thou do thy work, but on the seventh day, shalt thou keep sabbath, - that thine ox may rest and thine ass, and that the son of thy handmaid and the sojourner may be refreshed.
Three times, shalt thou keep festival to me, in the year.
Three times in the year, shall all thy males see the face of the Lord, Yahweh.
Therefore shall ye keep the sabbath, for holy, it is unto you, he that profaneth it shall be surely put to death; verily whosoever doeth therein any work that souls shall be cut off from the midst of its people: Six days, shall work be done, but on the seventh day, is a holy sabbath-keeping of rest unto Yahweh, - whosoever doeth work on the sabbath day, shall be, surely put to death.
between me and the sons of Israel, a sign it is unto times age-abiding, - for in six days, did Yahweh make the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day, he rested, and was refreshed.
three times in the year, shall every one of thy males see the face of the Lord Yahweh the God of Israel.
In the first month, on the fourteenth of the month, between the evenings, is a Passover unto Yahweh; and on the fifteenth day of this month, is the festival of unleavened cakes unto Yahweh, - seven days - unleavened cakes, shall ye eat.
And in your day of rejoicing and in your appointed seasons and in the beginnings of your months, then shall ye blow with the trumpets, over your ascending-sacrifices, and over your peace-offerings, - so shall they be unto you for a memorial before your God. I - Yahweh, am your God.
While the sons of Israel were in the desert, they found a man gathering sticks on the sabbath day. And they who found him gathering sticks, brought him near, unto Moses and unto Aaron and unto all the assembly. read more. And they put him in ward, - because it was not clear what they should do unto him. Then said Yahweh unto Moses, The man shall be, put to death, - all the assembly, stoning him with stones, outside the camp. So then all the assembly, put him forth, outside the camp, and stoned him with stones, and he died, - As Yahweh commanded Moses.
And in the beginnings of your months, shall ye bring near an ascending-sacrifice unto Yahweh, two choice bullocks and one ram, seven he-lambs a year old without defect; and three-tenths of fine meal, as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each bullock, - and two-tenths of fine-meal as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each ram; read more. and a tenth, severally, of fine meal as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each lamb, - an ascending-sacrifice, a satisfying odour, an altar-flame unto Yahweh. And as their drink-offerings, half a hin, shall be to a bullock and the third of a hin to a ram, and the fourth of a hin to a lamb, of wine, - This, is the ascending-sacrifice of a month in its month, for the months of the year. Also one he-goat as a sin-bearer unto Yahweh, - besides the continual ascending-sacrifice, shall it be offered, with the drink-offering thereof. And, on the first month on the fourteenth day of the month, shall be a passover unto Yahweh; and, on the fifteenth day of this month, a festival, - seven days, unleavened cakes, shall be eaten.
but, the seventh day, is a sabbath unto Yahweh thy God, - thou shalt do no work - thou nor thy son nor thy daughter nor thy servant nor thy handmaid nor thine ox nor thine ass nor any of thy cattle, nor thy sojourner who is within thy gates, that thy servant and thy handmaid may rest, as well as thou. So shalt thou remember that a servant, wast thou in the land of Egypt, and that Yahweh thy God brought thee forth from thence, with a firm hand, and with a stretched-out arm, - for this cause, hath Yahweh thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day:
Three times in the year, shall each one of thy males see the face of Yahweh thy God, in the place which he shall choose, at the festival of unleavened cakes and at the festival of weeks and at the festival of booths, - and none shall see the face of Yahweh empty-handed:
Thou shalt not bring the wages of an unchaste woman, or the hire of a dog, into the house of Yahweh thy God for any vow, - for, an abomination unto Yahweh thy God, are they both.
and look, and lo! if the daughters of Shiloh come out to dance in the dances, then shall ye come forth out of the vineyards, and catch you every man his wife, of the daughters of Shiloh, - and go your way to the land of Benjamin.
But as for, Hannah, she, was speaking in her heart, only her lips, were moving, but, her voice, could not be heard, - so Eli thought she had been drunken.
And David said unto Jonathan - Lo! the new moon, is to-morrow, and, I, must not sit with the king, to eat, - let me go then, and hide myself in the field, until the evening. If thy father, enquire, for me, then shalt thou say - David, did ask leave, of me, to run to Bethlehem, his own city, for, a yearly sacrifice, is to be held there for all the family.
Then said Jonathan unto him - To-morrow, is the new moon, and thou wilt be missed, for thy seat will be empty;
So David hid himself in the field - and, when the new moon had come, the king sat down to eat, food,
And he said - Wherefore art thou going unto him, to-day, neither new moon nor sabbath? And she said - Peace!
Then Nehemiah - he, was the governor - and Ezra the priest the scribe, and the Levites who were causing the people to understand, said unto all the people, To-day, is, holy, unto Yahweh your God, do not mourn, nor weep, - for, weeping, were all the people, when they heard the words of the law.
Also, lots, did we cast, concerning the offering of wood among the priests, the Levites, and the people, to bring it unto the house of our God, by our ancestral houses, at times arranged, year by year, - to burn upon the altar of Yahweh our God, as it is written in the law.
In those days, saw I in Judah - some treading winepresses on the sabbath, and bringing in sheaves and lading asses, moreover also wine, grapes, and figs, and every kind of burden, which they were bringing into Jerusalem on the sabbath day, - so I protested against it, as a day for them to sell provisions.
And I gave word to the Levites, that they should be purifying themselves and coming in, as keepers of the gates, to hallow the sabbath day. This also, remember to me, O my God, and have pity upon me, according to the abundance of thy lovingkindness.
also for the offering of wood, at times appointed, and for the firstfruits. Remember me, O my God, for good!
Ye shall not again bring in an empty, present, Incense, an abomination, is that unto me! New moon, and sabbath calling an assembly - I cannot endure, iniquity and sacred festival!
How happy the frail man, who doeth this! Yea the son of the earth-born who firmly graspeth it! Keeping the sabbath lest he profane it, and Keeping his own hand from doing any wrong.
And, as for the sons of the foreigner - Who have joined themselves unto Yahweh To wait upon him, and To love the name of Yahweh, To become his for servants, - Every one who keepeth the sabbath, lest he profane it. And who, layeth firm hold on my covenant,
If thou turn back. From the sabbath Shy foot, From doing thine own pleasure on my holy day, - And shall call - The sabbath, An exquisite delight, The holy day of Yahweh, A day to be honoured, And so shall honour it rather - Than do thine own ways, Than take thine own pleasure or Than speak thine own word,
Then shalt thou say unto them - Hear ye the word of Yahweh Ye kings of Judah and all Judah, And all ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, - who enter in through these gates: Thus, saith Yahweh, lake heed unto your souls, - And do not bear any burden on the sabbath day, Nor bring it in through the gates of Jerusalem, - read more. Neither shall ye take forth any burden out of your houses on the sabbath day, Nor any manner of work, shall ye do, - But ye shall hallow the sabbath day, As I commanded your fathers. Howbeit they hearkened not, neither inclined their ear, - but stiffened their neck, that they might not hearken, neither receive correction. And it shall come to pass, - If ye will, indeed hearken, unto me Declareth Yahweh, To bring in no burden through the gates of this city, on the sabbath day, - But to hallow the sabbath day, by not doing thereon any manner of work,
Moreover also my sabbaths, gave I unto them, to become a sign betwixt me and them, - that it might be known that, I, Yahweh, was hallowing them. But the house of Israel rebelled against reel in the desert In ray statutes, walked they not. And my regulations, they rejected By the which the man that doeth them shall live, my sabbaths also, they profaned exceedingly. Therefore spake I of pouring out mine indignation upon them in the desert, to make an end of them.
Because my regulations, they had rejected. And as for my statutes, they had not walked therein, My sabbaths also, had they profaned; or after their manufactured gods, their heart had been going.
My sabbaths also, hallow ye, - And they shall become a sign betwixt me and you, That it may be known that I Yahweh am your God.
And I will cause to cease all her mirth, her pilgrim-festival, her new moon and her sabbath, - and her every appointed meeting;
Who strive to bring the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and, the way of the oppressed, they pervert, - Yea, a man and his own father, go in unto the maid, to profane my holy Name!
Who say, When will the new moon, pass away, that we may sell corn? and the sabbath that we may open grain? who diminish the ephah, and increase the shekel, and who falsify by deceitful weights:
Who say, When will the new moon, pass away, that we may sell corn? and the sabbath that we may open grain? who diminish the ephah, and increase the shekel, and who falsify by deceitful weights:
And, on the first day of the unleavened cakes, when, the passover, they were slaying, his disciples say unto him - Where wilt thou, we depart and make ready, that thou mayest eat the passover?
And the feast of the unleavened bread, which is called a Passover, was drawing near.
Morish
The feasts of Jehovah, as instituted under the law as given by Moses, partake more of the character of commemorations, or assemblies of the congregation to celebrate special dealings of the Lord, and consequently special seasons in the history of His people, being called 'holy convocations.' A list of the yearly feasts is given in Lev. 23. The first mentioned is the Sabbath, and if this is counted as one, by considering the Passover and the feast of unleavened bread as one there are seven in all
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Three times, shalt thou keep festival to me, in the year. The festival of unleavened cakes, shalt thou keep, - seven days, shalt thou eat unleavened cakes, as I commanded thee at the appointed time of the month Abib; for, therein, camest thou forth out of Egypt, - and they shall not see my face, empty-handed. read more. And the festival of harvest with the firstfruits of thy labours, which thou shalt sow in the field, And the festival of ingathering - at the outgoing of the year, when thou hast gathered in thy labours out of the field. Three times in the year, shall all thy males see the face of the Lord, Yahweh.
In the first month, on the fourteenth of the month, between the evenings, is a Passover unto Yahweh; and on the fifteenth day of this month, is the festival of unleavened cakes unto Yahweh, - seven days - unleavened cakes, shall ye eat. read more. On the first day - a holy convocation, shall there be to you: no laborious work, shall ye do. So then ye shall bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh, seven days, - on the seventh day, shall there be a holy convocation, no laborious work, shall ye do.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, and thou shalt say unto them: - When ye enter into the land which, I, am giving you, and ye reap the harvest thereof, then shall ye bring in a sheaf of the first-ripe corn of your harvest, unto the priest; and he shall wave the sheaf before Yahweh, that ye may be accepted, - on the morrow of the sabbath, shall the priest wave it. read more. And ye shall offer on the day when ye wave the sheaf, a he-lamb without defect, the finest of its year for an ascending-sacrifice unto Yahweh; and the, meal-offering thereof shall be two-tenth parts of fine meal overflowed with oil, as an altar-flame unto Yahweh a satisfying odour, - and, the drink-offering thereof, shall be mine, the fourth of a hin. And neither bread, nor roasted corn, nor garden-land grain, shall ye eat, until this selfsame day, until ye have brought in the oblation of your God, - an age-abiding statute unto your generations, in all your dwellings. Then shall ye keep count to yourselves from the morrow of the sabbath, from the day ye brought in the wave sheaf, - seven sabbaths complete, shall there be: until on the morrow of the seventh sabbath, ye count fifty days, - then shall ye bring near a new meal-offering unto Yahweh. Out of your dwellings, shall ye bring in two wave loaves of two-tenths of an ephah, of fine meal, shall they be, with leaven, shall they be baked, - first-fruits unto Yahweh. Then shall ye bring near with the bread seven he-lambs without defect of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams, - they shall be an ascending-sacrifice unto Yahweh, with their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings, an altar-flame of satisfying odour unto Yahweh. Then shall ye offer one he-goat, as a sin-bearer, - and two he-lambs, of the first year, as a peace-offering. And the priest shall wave them, with the firstfruits bread, as a wave-offering before Yahweh, with the two he-lambs, - holy, shall they be unto Yahweh, for the priest. And ye shall make proclamation on this self-same day - a holy convocation, shall it be unto you; no laborious work, shall ye do, - an age-abiding statute in all your dwellings, unto your generations. And, when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly clear the border of thy field when thou reapest, and, the gleanings of thy field, shalt thou not glean, - for the poor and for the sojourner, shalt thou leave them. I - Yahweh, am your God.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying: - In the seventh month on the first of the month, shall there be unto you a sacred rest, a trumpet-blowing commemoration a holy convocation: no laborious work, shall ye do, - but ye shall bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh.
Surely on the tenth of this seventh month, is, the Day of Propitiation, a holy convocation, shall it be to you, therefore shall ye humble your souls, - and bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh. And, no work, shall ye do, on this selfsame day, - for a day of propitiation, it is, to put a propitiatory-covering over you before Yahweh your God. read more. For, whosoever be the person that shall not be humbled on this selfsame day, then shall he be cut off from among his kinsfolk. And, whosoever be the person that shall do any work on this selfsame day, then will I destroy that person from the midst of his people. No work, shall ye do, - an age-abiding statute to your generations, in all your dwellings. A sabbath of sacred rest, shall it be unto you, so shall ye humble your souls, - on the ninth of the month in the evening, from evening to evening, shall ye keep your sabbath.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying: - On the fifteenth day of this seventh month, shall be the festival of booths, for seven days, unto Yahweh. On the first day, shall be a holy convocation, - no laborious work, shall ye do. read more. Seven days, shall ye bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh: on the eighth day - a holy convocation, shall there be unto you so shall ye bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh - the closing of the feast, it is, no laborious work, shall ye do. These, are the appointed seasons of Yahweh, which ye shall proclaim, as holy convocations, - for bringing near as an altar-flame unto Yahweh, an ascending-sacrifice, and a meal-offering, a sacrifice and a drink-offering, each day's appointment on its own day: - besides the sabbaths of Yahweh, and besides your presents, and besides all your vows, and besides all your freewill offerings which ye shall give unto Yahweh. Surely, on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when ye have gathered in the yield of the land, shall ye celebrate the festival of Yahweh seven days, - on the first day, a sacred rest, and, on the eighth day, a sacred rest. So then ye shall take you, on the first day, boughs of goodly trees, branches, of palm-trees, and boughs of thick trees, and poplars of the ravine, - and shall rejoice before Yahweh your God, seven days. So shall ye celebrate it as a festival unto Yahweh, seven days in the year, - a statute age-abiding, to your generations. In the seventh month, shall ye celebrate it; In booths, shall ye dwell seven days; - All the home-born in Israel, shall dwell in booths: To the end that your generations may know, that, in booths, made I the sons of Israel to dwell, when I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, - I - Yahweh, am your God. So then Moses declared, the appointed seasons of Yahweh, unto the sons of Israel.
These, shall ye offer unto Yahweh in your appointed seasons, - besides your vow-offerings and your freewill offerings - as your ascending-sacrifices, and as your meal-offerings, and as your drink-offerings and as your peace-offerings.
Three times in the year, shall each one of thy males see the face of Yahweh thy God, in the place which he shall choose, at the festival of unleavened cakes and at the festival of weeks and at the festival of booths, - and none shall see the face of Yahweh empty-handed:
for the bread to set in array, and the continual meal-offering, and for the continual ascending-sacrifice, of the sabbaths, of the new moons, for the appointed feasts, and for things hallowed, and for victims bearing sin, to put a propitiatory-covering over Israel, - and for all the work of the house of our God.
to establish for them, that they should continue to observe the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day thereof, - always year by year;
For this cause, called they these days Purim, after the name Pur, for this cause, - for all the words of this epistle, - and what they had seen concerning such a matter, and what had reached unto them.
The feast of dedication took place at that time, in Jerusalem: it was, winter,
Smith
Feasts.
[FESTIVALS; MEALS]
See Festivals
See Meals
Watsons
FEASTS. God appointed several festivals among the Jews.
1. To perpetuate the memory of great events; so, the Sabbath commemorated the creation of the world; the passover, the departure out of Egypt; the pentecost, the law given at Sinai, &c.
2. To keep them under the influence of religion, and by the majesty of that service which he instituted among them, and which abounded in mystical symbols or types of evangelical things, to convey spiritual instruction, and to keep alive the expectation of the Messiah, and his more perfect dispensation.
3. To secure to them certain times of rest and rejoicings.
4. To render them familiar with the law; for, in their religious assemblies, the law of God was read and explained.
5. To renew the acquaintance, correspondence, and friendship of their tribes and families, coming from the several towns in the country, and meeting three times a year in the holy city.
The first and most ancient festival, the Sabbath, or seventh day, commemorated the creation. "The Lord blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it," says Moses, "because that in it he had rested from all his work," Ge 2:3. See SABBATH.
The passover was instituted in memory of the Israelites' departure out of Egypt, and of the favour which God showed his people in sparing their first-born, when he destroyed the first-born of the Egyptians, Ex 12:14, &c. See PASSOVER.
The feast of pentecost was celebrated on the fiftieth day after the passover, in memory of the law being given to Moses on Mount Sinai, fifty days after the departure out of Egypt. They reckoned seven weeks from the passover to pentecost, beginning at the day after the passover. The Hebrews call it the feast of weeks, and the Christians, pentecost, which signifies the fiftieth day.
The feast of trumpets was celebrated on the first day of the civil year; on which the trumpets sounded, proclaiming the beginning of the year, which was in the month Tisri, answering to our September, O. S. We know no religious cause of its establishment. Moses commands it to be observed as a day of rest, and that particular sacrifices should be offered at that time.
The new moons, or first days of every month, were, in some sort, a consequence of the feasts of trumpets. The law did not oblige people to rest upon this day, but ordained only some particular sacrifices. It appears that, on these days, also, the trumpet was sounded, and entertainments were made, 1Sa 20:5-18.
The feast of expiation or atonement was celebrated on the tenth day of Tisri, which was the first day of the civil year. It was instituted for a general expiation of sins, irreverences, and pollutions of all the Israelites, from the high priest to the lowest of the people, committed by them throughout the year, Le 23:27-28; Nu 29:7. See EXPIATION, Day of.
The feast of tents, or tabernacle, on which all Israel were obliged to attend the temple, and to dwell eight days under tents of branches, in memory of their fathers dwelling forty years in tents, as travellers in the wilderness. It was kept on the fifteenth of the month Tisri, the first of the civil year. The first and seventh day of this feast were very solemn. But during the other days of the octave they might work, Le 23:34-35; Nu 29:12-13. At the beginning of the feast, two vessels of silver were carried in a ceremonious manner to the temple, one full of water, the other of wine, which were poured at the foot of the altar of burnt offerings, always on the seventh day of this festival.
Of the three great feasts of the year, the passover, pentecost, and that of the tabernacles, the octave, or seventh day after these feasts, was a day of rest as much as the festival itself; and all the males of the nation were obliged to visit the temple at these three feasts. But the law did not require them to continue there during the whole octave, except in the feast of tabernacles, when they seem obliged to be present for the whole seven days.
Beside these feasts, we find the feast of lots, or purim, instituted on occasion of the deliverance of the Jews from Haman's plot, in the reign of Ahasuerus. See PURIM.
The feast of the dedication of the temple, or rather of the restoration of the temple, which had been profaned by Antiochus Epiphanes, 1 Mac. 4:52, &c, was celebrated in winter, and is supposed to be the feast of dedication mentioned in Joh 10:22. Josephus says, that it was called the feast of lights, probably because this happiness befel them when least expected, and they considered it as a new light risen on them.
In the Christian church, no festival appears to have been expressly instituted by Jesus Christ, or his Apostles. Yet, as we commemorate the passion of Christ as often as we celebrate his Supper, he seems by this to have instituted a perpetual feast. Christians have always celebrated the memory of his resurrection, and observe this feast on every Sunday, which was commonly called the Lord's day, Re 1:10. By inference we may conclude this festival to have been instituted by Apostolic authority.
The birth-day of Christ, commonly called Christmas-day, has been generally observed by his disciples with gratitude and joy. His birth was the greatest blessing ever bestowed on mankind. The angels from heaven celebrated it with a joyful hymn; and every man, who has any feeling of his own lost state without a Redeemer, must rejoice and be glad in it. "Unto us a Child is born, unto us a Son is given; and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, the mighty God, the everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace, Isa 9:6. For this festival, however, there is no authority in Scripture, nor do we know that it was observed in the age of the Apostles.
On Easter Sunday we celebrate our Saviour's victory over death and hell, when, having on the cross made an atonement for the sin of the world, he rose again from the grave, brought life and immortality to light, and opened to all his faithful servants the way to heaven. On this great event rest all our hopes. "If Christ be not risen," says St. Paul, "then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain. But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first-fruits of them that slept," 1Co 15:14,20.
Forty days after his resurrection, our Lord ascended into heaven, in the sight of his disciples. This is celebrated on what is called Ascension-day, or Holy Thursday. Ten days after his ascension, our Lord sent the Holy Spirit to be the comforter and guide of his disciples. This blessing is commemorated on Whit-Sunday, which is a very great festival, and may be profitably observed; for the assistance of the Holy Spirit can alone support us through all temptations, and guide us into all truth.
The pretended success of some in discovering the remains of certain holy men, called "relics," multiplied in the fourth century of the Christian church the festivals and commemorations of the martyrs in a most extravagant manner. These days, instead of being set apart for pious exercises, were spent in indolence, voluptuousness, and criminal pursuits; and were less consecrated to the service of God, than employed in the indulgence of sinful passions. Many of these festivals were instituted on a Pagan model, and perverted to similar purposes.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And God blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it, - because therein, rested he from all his work which God, by creating, had made.
So shall this day serve you for a memorial, and ye shall celebrate it, as a festival to Yahweh, - to your generations - as an age-abiding statute, shall ye celebrate it.
Surely on the tenth of this seventh month, is, the Day of Propitiation, a holy convocation, shall it be to you, therefore shall ye humble your souls, - and bring near an altar-flame unto Yahweh. And, no work, shall ye do, on this selfsame day, - for a day of propitiation, it is, to put a propitiatory-covering over you before Yahweh your God.
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying: - On the fifteenth day of this seventh month, shall be the festival of booths, for seven days, unto Yahweh. On the first day, shall be a holy convocation, - no laborious work, shall ye do.
And on the tenth of this seventh month, a holy convocation, shall there be unto you, - when ye shall humble your souls, - no work, shall ye do;
And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, a holy convocation shall there be unto you, no laborious work, shall ye do, but ye shall celebrate a festival unto Yahweh, seven days. Then shall ye bring near as an ascending-sacrifice - an altar-flame of a satisfying odour unto Yahweh, - thirteen choice bullocks two rams, - fourteen he-lambs a year old without defect, shall they be;
And David said unto Jonathan - Lo! the new moon, is to-morrow, and, I, must not sit with the king, to eat, - let me go then, and hide myself in the field, until the evening. If thy father, enquire, for me, then shalt thou say - David, did ask leave, of me, to run to Bethlehem, his own city, for, a yearly sacrifice, is to be held there for all the family. read more. If, thus, he say - It is well, - thy servant shall have, peace, - but, if it, anger, him, know that harm hath been determined by him. Thus shalt thou do a lovingkindness for thy servant, for, into a covenant of Yahweh, hast thou brought thy servant, with thee, - But, if there is in me transgression, put me to death, thyself, for, unto thy father, wherefore shouldst thou bring me in? And Jonathan said - Far be it from thee! but, if I, get to know, that harm is determined by my father, to bring it upon thee, is not, that, the thing that I will tell thee? Then said David unto Jonathan, Who shall tell me, - if thy father answer thee aught that is, harsh? And Jonathan said unto David, Come! and let us go out into the field. And they two went out into the field. Then said Jonathan unto David - Witness be Yahweh God of Israel, that I will sound my father about this time to-morrow or the third day, and lo! if there he good towards David, will I not, then, send unto thee, and unveil thine ear? So, let Yahweh do unto Jonathan, and, so, let him add - when harm against thee seemeth good unto my father, then will I unveil thine ear, and let thee go, and thou shall depart in peace, - then Yahweh be with thee, as he hath been with my father. And, not only while I yet live, shalt thou deal with me in the lovingkindness of Yahweh, that I die not: but thou shalt not cut off thy lovingkindness from my house, unto times age-abiding, - no! not when Yahweh hath cut off the enemies of David, every one from off the face of the ground. Thus Jonathan solemnised a covenant with the house of David saying , - So let Yahweh require it, at the hand of the enemies of David. And again Jonathan sware unto David, by his love to him, - for, as he loved his own soul, so loved he him. Then said Jonathan unto him - To-morrow, is the new moon, and thou wilt be missed, for thy seat will be empty;
For, A Child, hath been born to us, A Son, hath been given to us, And the dominion is upon his shoulder, - And his Name hath been called Wonderful Counsellor, Mighty GOD, Father of Futurity, Prince of Prosperity.
The feast of dedication took place at that time, in Jerusalem: it was, winter,
And, if Christ, hath not been raised, void, after all, is our proclamation, void also, our faith, -
But, now, hath Christ been raised from among the dead, - a firstfruit of them who have fallen asleep;
I came to be, in Spirit, in the Lord's Day, and heard, behind me, a loud voice, as of a trumpet,