Reference: Law
Hastings
1. That the 'law was given by Moses' (Joh 1:17) represents the unanimous belief both of the early Christians and of the Chosen Nation. He was their first as well as their greatest law-giver; and in this matter religious tradition is supported by all the historical probabilities of the case. The Exodus and the subsequent wanderings constitute the formative epoch of Israel's career: it was the period of combination and adjustment between the various tribes towards effecting a national unity. Such periods necessitate social experiments, for no society can hold together without some basis of permanent security; no nation could be welded together, least of all a nation in ancient times, without some strong sense of corporate responsibilities and corporate religion. It therefore naturally devolved upon Moses to establish a central authority for the administration of justice, which should be universally accessible and universally recognized. There was only one method by which any such universal recognition could be attained; and that was by placing the legal and judicial system upon the basis of an appeal to that religion, which had already been successful in rousing the twelve tribes to a sense of their unity, and which, moreover, was the one force which could and did effectually prevent the disintegration of the heterogeneous elements of which the nation was composed.
2. We see the beginning and character of these legislative functions in Ex 18:16, where Moses explains how 'the people come unto me to inquire of God: when they have a matter they come unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and make them know the statutes of God, and his laws (t
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But Jesus, answering, said to him, "Suffer it now; for thus it becomes us to fulfill all righteousness." Then He suffers Him.
"Think not that I came to destroy the law, or the prophets; I came not to destroy, but to fulfill.
"Think not that I came to destroy the law, or the prophets; I came not to destroy, but to fulfill. For verily I say to you, till the heaven and the earth pass away, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass away from the law, till all things be accomplished.
For verily I say to you, till the heaven and the earth pass away, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass away from the law, till all things be accomplished.
For verily I say to you, till the heaven and the earth pass away, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass away from the law, till all things be accomplished. Whosoever, therefore, shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, shall be called least in the Kingdom of Heaven; but whosoever shall do and teach them, shall be called great in the Kingdom of Heaven. read more. For I say to you that, unless your righteousness shall exceed that of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no wise enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. "Ye heard that it was said to the ancients, 'You shall not kill; and whosoever kills shall be in danger of the judgment.' But I say to you that every one who is angry with his brother shall be in danger of the judgment; and whosoever says to his brother Raca shall be in danger of the high-council; and whosoever shall say, O foolish one! shall be in danger of the Hell of fire. If, therefore, you are offering your gift at the altar, and there remember that your brother has ought against you, leave there your gift before the altar, and go your way, first be reconciled to your brother, and then, coming, offer your gift. Agree with your adversary quickly, while you are with him in the way; lest perhaps the adversary deliver you to the judge, and the judge deliver you to the officer, and you be cast into prison. Verily I say to you, in no wise shall you come out thence, till you pay the last farthing. "Ye heard that it was said, 'You shall not commit adultery;' but I say to you, that every one who looks upon a woman, to lust after her, already committed adultery with her in his heart. "And, if your right eye is causing you to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from you; for it is profitable for you that one of your members should perish, and not your whole body be cast into Hell. "And, if your right hand causes you to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from you; for it is profitable for you that one of your members should perish, and not your whole body go away into Hell. "And it was said, 'Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement;' but I say to you, that every one who puts away his wife, except on account of fornication, makes her commit adultery: and whosoever marries her when put away commits adultery. "Again ye heard that it was said to the ancients, You shall not swear falsely, but shall perform to the Lord your oaths;" but I say to you, Swear not at all; neither by Heaven, because it is God's throne; nor by the earth, because it is His footstool; nor by Jerusalem, because it is the Great King's city; neither swear by your head, because you can not make one hair white or black. But let your speech be, 'Yes, yes;' 'No, no;' and what is more than these is of the evil one. "Ye heard that it was said, 'An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth,' but I say to you, Resist not the evil man; but whosoever smites you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also; and to him who is desirous that you should be sued at the law, and to take your coat, grant your cloak also; and whosoever shall impress you to go one mile, go with him two. Give to him asking you; and from him who wishes to borrow of you turn not away. "Ye heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor, and hate your enemy;' but I say to you, Love your enemies; and pray for those who persecute you; that ye may be sons of your Father Who is in Heaven; because He causeth His sun to rise on evil men and on good, and sendeth rain on the righteous and on the unrighteous. For, if ye love those who love you, what reward have ye? do not even the tax-collectors the same? And, if ye salute your brethren only, what more than others do ye? Do not even the gentiles the same? Ye, therefore, shall be perfect, as your Heavenly Father is perfect."
And it came to pass that, when Jesus ended these words, the multitudes were astonished at His teaching;
And Jesus saith to him, "See that you tell no one: but go, show yourself to the priest, and offer the gift which Moses commanded, for a testimony to them.
Or did ye not read in the law that, on the sabbath, the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are guiltless? But I say to you, a greater than the temple is here.
And He said to them "What man of you who shall have one sheep; and, if this should fall into a pit on the sabbath, will not lay hold of it, and raise it up?
But, if I by the Spirit of God cast out the demons, then the Kingdom of God came upon you unexpectedly. Or how can one enter into the house of the strong man, and seize upon his goods, unless he first bind the strong man? And then he will plunder his house. read more. He that is not with Me is against Me; and he that gathers not with Me scatters.
"A queen of the south will rise up in the judgment with this generation, and will condemn it; because she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
But He, answering, said, "I was not sent, except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel."
but, that we may not cause them to stumble; having gone to the sea, cast a hook, and take up the fish first coming up; and, opening its mouth, you will find a shekel; taking that, give it to them for Me and you."
And the Pharisees came to Him, tempting Him, and saying, "Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause" And He, answering, said, "Did you not read that He Who made them from the beginning made them 'male and female,' read more. and said, 'For this cause a man shall leave his father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife, and the two shall be one flesh?" so that they are no longer two, but one flesh. What, therefore, God joined together, let not man put asunder." They say to Him, "Why, then, did Moses command to give her a bill of divorcement, and to put her away?" He saith to them, "Moses, in view of the hardness of your heart, permitted you to put away your wives; but from the beginning it has not been so. And I say to you, that whosoever shall put away his wife, except for fornication, and shall marry another, commits adultery."
even as the Son of Man came not to be ministered to, but to minister, and to give His soul a ransom for many."
But the Pharisees, hearing that He silenced the Sadducees, were collected together; and one of them, a lawyer, asked a question, tempting Him: read more. "Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law?" And He said to him, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment. A second like it is this: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. On these two commandments hangs the whole law, and the prophets."
for this is My blood of the covenant, which is shed in behalf of many for remission of sins.
And it came to pass that He was going on the sabbath through the grainfields; and His disciples began to make a way, plucking the heads of grain. And the Pharisees said to them, "Behold, why are they doing on the sabbath that which is not lawful?" read more. And He said to them, "Did ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was hungry, he and those who were with him? How he entered into the house of God during the high priesthood of Abiathar, and ate the show-bread, which it is not lawful to eat except for the priests, and gave also to those who were with him?" And He said to them, "The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath;
And He said to them, "The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath; so that the Son of Man is Lord even of the sabbath."
And they were watching Him, whether He would heal him on the sabbath; that they might accuse Him.
But in vain do they worship Me, teaching as their doctrines the precepts of men. Having left the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men." read more. And He said to them, "Well do ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may hold your tradition! For Moses said, 'Honor your father and your mother,' and 'He that speaks evil of father or mother, let him surely die.' But ye say, 'If a man say to his father or mother, That wherewith you might be profited by me is Corban,' that is, 'an offering to God,' ye no longer suffer him to do anything for his father or his mother; making void the word of God by your tradition, which ye handed down; and many such things ye do." And, again calling the multitude, He said to them, "Hear Me, all of you, and understand: there is nothing from without the man, that, entering into him, can defile him; but the things proceeding out of the man are those that defile the man." OMITTED TEXT. And, when He entered into the house from the multitude, His disciples asked of Him the parable. And He saith to them, "Are ye too thus without understanding? Do ye not perceive that nothing, entering into a man from without, can defile him; because it goes not into his heart, but into the belly, and passes out into the drain?" This He said, making all foods clean.
because it goes not into his heart, but into the belly, and passes out into the drain?" This He said, making all foods clean. And He said, "That which proceeds out of the man, that defiles the man. read more. For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, fornications, thefts, murders, adulteries, covetings, wickednesses, deceit, wantonness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness: all these evil things proceed from within, and defile the man."
But He was silent, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked Him, and says to Him, "Art Thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?"
And, when eight days were fulfilled for circumcising Him, His name was called Jesus??hich was so called by the angel before He was conceived in the womb.
And there was given to Him a book of the prophet Isaiah; and, opening the book, He found the place where it had been written, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me; because He anointed Me to publish good tidings to the poor; He hath sent Me to proclaim release to captives, and recovery of sight to the blind, to send away the crushed in freedom. read more. to proclaim an acceptable year of the Lord." And, having closed the book. He gave it back to the attendant, and sat down; and the eyes of all in the synagogue were fastened on Him. And He began to say to them, "To-day has this Scripture been fulfilled in your ears."
And, behold, a certain lawyer stood up, tempting Him, saying, "Teacher, by doing what shall I inherit eternal life?" And He said to him, "What has been written in the law? How do you read?" read more. And he, answering, said, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself." And He said to him, "You answered right; do this, and you shall live." But he, wishing to justify himself, said to Jesus, "And who is my neighbor?" And Jesus, answering, said, "A certain man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among robbers; who, both stripping him and inflicting blows, went away, leaving him half dead. And by chance, a certain priest was going down that way; and, seeing him, he passed by on the opposite side. And, in like manner, a Levite also, coming to the place, and seeing him, passed by on the opposite side. But a certain Samaritan, going on his way, came down to him; and, seeing him, he was moved with compassion; and, coming to him, he bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; and, setting him on his own beast, he brought him to an inn, and took care of him. And, on the morrow, taking out two denaries, he gave them to the host, and said, 'Take care of him; and whatsoever you expend additional, I, when I return, will repay you.' Which, therefore, of these three seems to you to have become neighbor of him who fell among the robbers?" And he said, "He that dealt kindly with him." And Jesus said to him, "Go, and do likewise."
Now, as He spake, a Pharisee asks Him to dine with him; and, entering, He reclined at table. And the Pharisee, seeing it, marvelled that He was not first immersed before breakfast. read more. But the Lord said to him, "Now ye, the Pharisees, cleanse the outside of the cup and the dish; but your inward part is full of extortion and wickedness. Senseless ones! Did not He who made the outside make the inside also? But give as alms the things within; and, behold, all things are clean to you.
And was it not right that this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan bound, lo, eighteen years, should have been loosed from this bond on the day of the sabbath?" And, when He said these things, all those opposing Him were being put to shame, and all the multitude were rejoicing because of all the glorious things which were being done by Him.
"The law and the prophets were until John; from that time the Gospel of the Kingdom of God is proclaimed, and every one presses into it by force!
For I say to you, that that which has been written must be accomplished in Me, 'And He was reckoned with lawless ones;' for that which relates to Me has an end."
And, beginning from Moses and from all the prophets, He thoroughly interpreted to them, in all the Scriptures, the things concerning Himself.
because the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
because the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
And, as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up;
And straightway the man became well, and took up his bed, and was walking. And it was the sabbath on that day. The Jews, therefore, said to him who had been cured, "It is the sabbath; it is not lawful for you to carry your bed." read more. But he answered them, "He Who made me well, the Same said to me, 'Take up your bed and walk.' They asked him, "Who is the Man That said to you, 'Take up your bed, and walk?'" And he who was healed knew not Who it was; for Jesus withdrew, a multitude being in the place. Afterward Jesus findeth him in the temple. And He said to him, "Behold, you have been made well; sin no more, lest something worse befall you." The man went away, and told the Jews that it was Jesus who made him well. And, on this account, the Jews were persecuting Jesus, because He was doing these things on the sabbath. But He answered them, "My Father worketh even until now, and I work." For this cause, therefore, the Jews were seeking the more to kill Him, because He not only broke the sabbath, but also called God His Father, making Himself equal with God. Jesus, therefore, answered and said to them, "Verily, verily, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father doing; for whatsoever things He doeth, these also, in like manner, the Son doeth. For the Father loveth the Son, and showeth Him all things which He Himself doeth; and greater works than these will He show Him, that ye may marvel.
It has been written in the prophets, 'And they shall all be taught of God.' Every one who heard from the Father, and learned, comes to Me.
I am the Living Bread That came down out of Heaven: if any one eat of This Bread, he shall live forever; yea, and the Bread That I will give him is My flesh, for the life of the world."
Art Thou greater than our father Abraham, who died? and the prophets died? Whom makest Thou Thyself?"
Some of the Pharisees, therefore, said, "This Man is not from God, because He does not keep the sabbath." Others said, "How can a man who is a sinner do such signs?" And there was a division among them.
Therefore, they called a second time the man who was blind, and said to him, "Give glory to God: we know that this Man is a sinner."
Jesus answered them, "Has it not been written in your law, 'I said, ye are gods?'
But a certain one of them, Caiaphas, being high priest that year, said, "Ye know nothing at all;
Verily, verily, I say to you, unless the grain of wheat, having fallen into the ground, dies, it abides alone; but, if it dies, it bears much fruit,
The multitude, therefore, answered Him, "We have heard out of the law that the Christ abideth forever; and how sayest Thou that the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is This Son of Man?"
but this they do, that the word may be fulfilled, which has been written in their law, 'They hated Me without a cause.'
The Jews, therefore, answered him, "We have a law, and according to the law He ought to die, because He made Himself God's Son."
Be it known to you, brethren, that through This One is proclaimed to you forgiveness of sins;
What, then, shall we say that Abraham, our forefather, has found according to the flesh? For, if Abraham was justified by works, he has ground of boasting, but not toward God. read more. For what does the Scripture say? "And Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him for righteousness." Now to him that works the reward is not reckoned as of grace, but as of debt; but to him that works not, but believes on Him Who justifieth the ungodly, his faith is reckoned for righteousness.
And the law entered, that the trespass might abound; but where sin abounded, grace did super-abound;
What, then, shall we say? Is the law sin? It could not be! But I had not known sin, except through law; for I would not know even coveting, if the law did not say, "You shall not covet;" but sin, taking occasion through the commandment, wrought in me all manner of coveting; for apart from law sin is dead. read more. And I was alive apart from the law once; but, when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died. And the commandment which was unto life was itself found by me to be unto death; for sin, taking occasion through the commandment, thoroughly deceived me, and through it slew me. So that the law is holy, and the command is holy and righteous and good.
So that the law is holy, and the command is holy and righteous and good. Did, then, that which is good become death to me? It could not be! But sin, that it might be shown to be sin, by working death to me through that which is good; that sin, through the commandment, might become exceedingly sinful.
Did, then, that which is good become death to me? It could not be! But sin, that it might be shown to be sin, by working death to me through that which is good; that sin, through the commandment, might become exceedingly sinful. For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am carnal, sold under sin. read more. For what I accomplish, I know not; for not what I wish, this do I practice; but what I hate, this I do. But, if what I wish not, this I do, I consent to the law that it is good. And now no longer do I accomplish it, but the sin which dwells in me. For I know that there dwells not in me, that is, in my flesh, any good; for to wish is present with me: but to do that which is good a not. For the good that I wish, I do not; but the evil which I wish not, this I practice. But, if what I wish not, this I do, it is no more I that perform it, but the sin that is dwelling in me. Consequently, I find the law, that, when I wish to do good, evil is present. or I delight in the law of God after the inward man; but I see a different law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members. Wretched man that I am! who will deliver me out of the body of this death?
For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus made me free from the law of sin and death. For, what was impossible under law, wherein it was weak through the flesh. God, sending His Own Son in likeness of sinful flesh, and, respecting sin, condemned sin in the flesh;
but Israel, following after a law of righteousness, did not attain to such a law.
for, being ignorant of God's righteousness, and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God;
And to the married I give command??ot I, but the Lord??hat the wife depart not from her husband;
but we renounced the hidden things of shame, not walking in craftiness, not handling the word of God deceitfully; but, by the manifestation of the truth, commending ourselves to every man's conscience in the sight of God.
For I through law died to law, that I might live to God.
Is the law, then, against the promises of God? It could not be! For, if a law had been given, which was able to make alive, truly righteousness would have been by law;
So that the law has become our tutor to lead us to Christ, that we might be justified by faith.
But I say that, so long as the heir is a child, he differs in nothing from a slave, though he is lord of all; but is under guardians and stewards, until the time appointed by the father. read more. So we also, when we were children, were held in bondage under the elements of the world. But, when the fulness of the time came, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under law,
But, when the fulness of the time came, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under law, that He might redeem those under law, that, we might receive the adoption of sons.
Bear ye one another's burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ.
and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is of law, but that which is through faith in Christ??he righteousness which is of God by faith:
and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is of law, but that which is through faith in Christ??he righteousness which is of God by faith:
Let no one rob you of your prize, wishing to do it in humility and in a worshipping of angels, speculating about the things which he has seen, being vainly puffed up by the mind of his flesh,
And Moses, indeed, was faithful in all his house, as a servant, for a testimony of the things to be afterward spoken;
which, indeed, is a figure for the time present, according to which are offered both gifts and sacrifices, which cannot, as to the conscience, make the worshiper perfect;