Reference: Children (Sons) of God
Hastings
There are a few passages in the OT in which the term 'sons of God' is applied to angelic beings (Ge 6:1-4; Job 1:6; 2:1; 38:7; cf. Da 3:25 RV). Once the judges of Israel are referred to as 'gods,' perhaps as appointed by God and vested with His authority (but the passage is very obscure; may the words be ironical?), and, in parallel phrase, as 'sons of the Most High' (Ps 82:6, cf. Joh 10:34; also, Ps 29:1; 89:6 Revised Version margin).
With these exceptions, the term, with the correlative one of 'Father,' designates the relation of men to God and of God to men, with varying fulness of meaning. It is obvious that the use of such a figure has wide possibilities. To call God 'Father' may imply little more than that He is creator and ruler of men (cf. 'Zeus, father of gods and men'); or it may connote some phase of His providence towards a favoured individual or nation; or, again, it may assert that a father's love at its highest is the truest symbol we can frame of God's essential nature and God's disposition towards all men. Similarly, men may conceivably be styled 'children of God' from mere dependence, from special privilege, from moral likeness, or finally from a full and willing response to the Divine Fatherhood in filial love, trust, and obedience. It is, therefore, not surprising that the Scripture facts present a varying and progressive conception of God as Father and of men as His children.
I. In the OT.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.
"You have heard that it was said, "You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy." "But I say to you, love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you. read more. "So you will become sons of your heavenly Father; for he makes his sun to rise upon sinners as well as saints, and sends rain upon the unjust and the just.
"So you will become sons of your heavenly Father; for he makes his sun to rise upon sinners as well as saints, and sends rain upon the unjust and the just. "For if you love only those who love you, what reward have you? read more. "Even the tax-gatherers do that, do they not? And if you show courtesy to your brother only, what are you doing more than others? Even the Gentiles do that, do they not? "You then must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect."
"Be careful not to do your good deeds in the sight of men, in order to be observed by them. If you do, you have no reward with your heavenly Father.
"but if you do not forgive men your offenses, neither will your heavenly Father forgive you your offenses.
"Behold! the birds in the sky! They neither sow, nor reap, nor gather into barns, yet your heavenly Father feeds them; and are not you worth more than they?
At that time Jesus answered and said: "I praise thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thou hast hidden these things from the wise and wary, and hast revealed them to the children.
At that time Jesus answered and said: "I praise thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thou hast hidden these things from the wise and wary, and hast revealed them to the children.
"And then shall the just shine forth like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Let him who has ears to hear, listen!
Then he went forward a short distance, and fell on his face and prayed. "O, my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as thou wilt."
And whenever you stand up to pray, forgive, if you have anything against any one, that so your Father also who is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses."
"But you must love even your enemies and be kind to them, And lend, despairing of no man. Then your reward will be great, And you will be the sons of the Most High; For he is kind even to the ungrateful and to the evil. "Do you therefore be merciful, As your Father is merciful.
"All things have been delivered to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is except the Father; and who the Father is except the Son, and he the Son wishes to reveal him."
So he said to them. "When you pray, say, "Father, hallowed be thy name; May thy kingdom come,
"If you give good gifts to your children, how much more shall the Father who is in heaven give the Holy spirit to those that ask him!"
Then with a loud cry, Jesus said, "Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit!" And after uttering these words, he yielded up his spirit.
But to all who receive him, to them he has given the right to become children of God, even to those who trust in his name; who were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. read more. And the Word became flesh and tented with us. And we gazed on his glory??lory as of the Father's only Son??ull of grace and truth.
No man has ever seen God; God, only begotten, who is in the bosom of the Father??e has interpreted him.
"In very truth I tell you," answered Jesus, "that unless a man is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God." "How can a man be born when he is old?" Nicodemus replied; "Can he enter a second time into his mother's womb, and be born?" read more. "I tell you solemnly," Jesus answered, "that unless a man is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. What is born of the flesh is flesh; and what is born of the Spirit is spirit.
What is born of the flesh is flesh; and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. Marvel not at my telling you, 'You must all be born again from above.' read more. The wind blows where it wills, and you hear its voice, but you do not know where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with every one who has been born of the Spirit."
answered Jesus; "no one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draw him; then I will raise him up on the last day.
So he added, "This is why I told you that no on can come to me unless it be given from the Father."
"Abraham is our father," they answered. "If you are indeed Abraham's children," said Jesus "do the deeds of Abraham. "But now you are seeking to kill me?? man who has told you the truth which I heard from God. Abraham did not do that. read more. "You are doing the deeds of your father." "We were not born of adultery," they said; "we have one Father, God." Jesus said to them. "If God were your Father, you would love me, for I proceeded forth and am now come from God. I did not come on my own authority, but God himself sent me.
"Is it written in your law," replied Jesus, "I said, You are gods?
and not in behalf of the nation alone, but in order that he might gather into one the widely scattered children of God.
Jesus answered him. "I am the Way, the Truth and the Life. No man ever comes to the Father but by me.
"At that day you shall understand that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you.
"Do not cling to me," said Jesus, "for I am not yet ascended to the Father. But go to my brothers and say to them, "'I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.'"
but these have been written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.
"for in him we live and move and have our being; as certain even of your own poets have said, "'For we also are his offspring.'
but was by his resurrection from the dead instated as Son of God, with power, in respect of his spirit of holiness.
For only those are sons of God who are led by God's Spirit. For you have not received a spirit of slavery in order that you should once more be afraid; but you have received a spirit of adoption, in which we cry out, "My Father, my dear Father!" read more. For his Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit, that we are children of God; and if children, then heirs, heirs of God and joint-heirs with Christ; but to share his glory, we must now be sharing his sufferings. For I count as nothing what we now suffer, in comparison with the glory which will soon be unveiled to us. All nature even is waiting with eager longing for the unveiling of the vision of God's sons. For nature was subjected to imperfection, not by its own will, but by the will of Him who thus made it subject??21 yet not without the hope that some day nature itself also will be freed from the thralldom of decay, into the freedom which belongs to the glory of the children of God.
For we know that all nature has been groaning and travailing together until this hour. And not only that, we ourselves, although we are grasping the first-fruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves are inwardly groaning, while we are waiting for adoption, the redemption of our body.
And not only that, we ourselves, although we are grasping the first-fruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves are inwardly groaning, while we are waiting for adoption, the redemption of our body. For by hope we are saved; but hope which is clearly seen is no longer hope. read more. Who hopes for what he clearly sees? But if we hope for something that we do not see, we then patiently wait for it.
For whom he foreknew, he also foreordained to be conformed to the likeness of his Son, so that he might be the eldest of a great brotherhood;
For whom he foreknew, he also foreordained to be conformed to the likeness of his Son, so that he might be the eldest of a great brotherhood;
For they are Israelites; to them belong the sonship, the Shekinah glory, the covenants, the giving of the Law; the service of the temple, and the promises;
That is, it is not the children of the flesh who are children of God; but the children of the promise are counted as his posterity.
As he also said in Hosea. Those who were not my people I will call "my people," And her "beloved" who was not beloved; And in that very spot where it was told them, "You are not my people," There they shall be called "Sons of the living God."
And in that very spot where it was told them, "You are not my people," There they shall be called "Sons of the living God."
For there is no difference between Jew and Gentile, because the same Lord Jesus is all over, and is rich unto all who call upon Him; for Whoever will call upon the name of the Lord will be saved.
But I say, Did Israel not know? First Moses says. I will provoke you to jealousy with that which is no nation; Against a Gentile nation, void of understanding, will I anger you.
Before the Faith came we were perpetual prisoners under the Law, in preparation for the destined faith about to be revealed.
You are all sons of God through your faith in Jesus Christ.
What I mean is this. As long as the heir is a child, he differs in no respect from a slave, though he be the owner of the whole inheritance; but is under the control of guardians and trustees, until the time appointed by his father. read more. So we Jews also, when we were children, were held in bondage under the empty externalities of the world. But when the fulness of time was come God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under law, to redeem from captivity those under law, in order that we might receive our sonship. And because you are sons, God sent forth the spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, "Dear, dear Father!" So each one of you is no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then an heir, too, through God's grace.
So each one of you is no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then an heir, too, through God's grace.
But you, brothers, are like Isaac, children of the promise;
For in his love he predestined us (such was the good pleasure of his will) to adoption for himself as sons through Jesus Christ, and to the praise of his glorious grace which he graciously bestowed upon us in the Beloved. read more. It is in him we have deliverance, the forgiveness of our trespasses, through his blood; so abundantly did he lavish upon us the riches of his grace in all wisdom and understanding, when he made known to us, I say, that good pleasure which he purposed in himself for the government of the fulness of the ages, that all things in heaven and earth are alike should be gathered up in Christ, as Head. It is he in whom we Jews also have our inheritance, having been chosen beforehand according to the purpose of Him who executes all things according to the counsel of his will, that we who first hoped in Christ should be for the praise of his glory. And in him, because you listened to the proclamation of the truth, the evangel of your salvation, and trusted it, you Gentiles too were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, who for the praise of his glory is the pledge of our common heritage, unto the complete redemption of his purchased property.
who for the praise of his glory is the pledge of our common heritage, unto the complete redemption of his purchased property. For this reason I also, from the time when I heard of the faith in the Lord Jesus which prevails among you, and your love to all the saints, read more. do not cease to praise God for you, whenever I mention you in my prayers. I am praying that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father most glorious, may grant you a spirit of wisdom and revelation, through an intimate knowledge of himself; and that the eyes of your heart may be flooded with light so that you may understand what is the hope of his calling, what the wealth of the glory of his inheritance in the saints,
that you may become blameless and innocent, the sons of God, without rebuke in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you shine like stars in a dark world,
For to what angel did God ever say, Thou art my son; this day have I become thy Father? and again, I will be a father to him, and he shall be to me a son?
What we do see is Jesus, who was made for a time a little lower than the angels, now crowned with glory and honor, because of the suffering of death, in order that through God's grace he might taste death for every man. For it befitted him, for whom and through whom all things exist, in bringing many sons to glory, to make the Pioneer of their salvation perfect through sufferings. read more. For both he who sanctifies and those whom he is sanctifying are all from One; for which reason he is not ashamed to call them brothers, saying. I will proclaim thy name to my brothers; In the midst of the Church I will hymn thy praises. And again, I myself will put my trust in God. And again, Lo, I and the children God has given me. Therefore, since the children are sharers in flesh and blood, he also similarly partook of the same, in order that through death he might render powerless him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; And might deliver those who through fear of death had been subject to life-long bondage. For assuredly it is not angels, nay, it is the offspring of Abraham, whom he is ever taking by the hand. And so it was necessary that he should in all points be made like his brothers, so that he might become a compassionate and faithful high priest, in all that relates to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. For inasmuch as he himself has suffered, being tempted, he is also able instantly to succor those who are tempted, he is also able instantly to succor those who are tempted.
Not yet have you resisted unto blood in your fight against sin; and have you forgotten the exhortation which reasons with you as sons? My son, do not despise the training of the Lord, Nor faint when he corrects you; read more. For it is those whom he loves that he disciplines, And he scourges every son whom he acknowledges. It is for discipline that you are enduring these sufferings. God is dealing with you as sons. For what son is there whom his father does not discipline? If you are left without discipline, in which all children share, then are you bastards and not sons. Furthermore, our earthly fathers used to discipline us, and we gave them reverence. Shall we not much rather be in subjection to the Father of spirits, and live? For they only disciplined us for a few days, as seemed good to them; but he does it for our profit, that we may share his holiness. Now no discipline seems for the present to be joyous, but grievous; but afterward it yields the peaceable fruits of righteousness to those who have been trained under it. Wherefore lift up your listless hands, strengthen your feeble knees; make straight path for your feet, so that what is lame may not be put out of joint, but rather be healed.
Every good gift and every perfect boon is from above, and is ever coming down to us from the Father of the heavenly lights, with whom is no variation nor shadow of eclipse. Because he willed, he gave us birth through the word of truth, so that we should be a kind of first-fruits among his creatures.
and undefiled before our God and Father, to look after orphans and widows in their affliction, and ever to keep himself unspotted from the world.
With it we continually bless our Lord and Father, and with it we are accustomed to curse men made in the image of God.
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whose great mercy we have been born anew into a living hope, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead;
And since you call upon him as Father, who impartially judges each one according to his deeds, pass the time of your sojourning here in reverence.
For you have been born anew, not of perishable, but of imperishable seed, by the living, lasting word of God.
Therefore put away all malice, all deceit, insincerity, jealousy, and slander of every sort. Like new-born babes long for the pure spiritual milk to make you grow up into salvation; read more. since you have tasted that the Lord is gracious. Come to him then, that living Stone, rejected indeed by men, but chosen by God, and precious. And yourselves like living stones be built into a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood offering spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God, through Christ Jesus. For, as Scripture says. Behold, I lay in Zion a chief corner-stone, elect, precious, And he who believes on Him shall never be put to shame. For you, then, that believe, is the preciousness; but for those who do not believe, A stone which the builders rejected, The same has become the head stone of the corner, and, A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense. They stumble over it because they are disobeying God's word, and to this they were also appointed. But you are an elect race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a purchased people, that you may show forth the virtues of Him who has called you out of darkness into his marvelous light??10 you who once were not a people, but now are the people of God; who were once without mercy, but now you have found mercy.
For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the proud glory of life, is not from the Father, but from the world;
Whoever denies the Son, the same has not the Father; but he who confesses the Son has the Father also. As for you, let what you have heard from the beginning abide in you.
If you know that he is righteous you know also that every one who habitually practices righteousness has been born of him.
We are God's children now, beloved; what we shall be has never yet been made manifest. But we know that when he is manifested we shall be like him; for we shall see him even as he is.
Whoever is a child of God cannot go on sinning, because his seed is abiding in him; and he cannot go on sinning because he is a child of God.
Beloved, let us love one another; for love is of God; and every one that loves us a child of God.
Every one who believes that Jesus is the Christ is a child of God; and every one who loves the Father, loves him also who is the Father's Child.
For whoever is a child of God is overcoming the world; and our faith is the victory that has overcome the world.
He who overcomes will inherit these, And I will be his God, And he shall be my son. But as for the cowards, the faithless, the abominable, And for the murderers, fornicators, sorcerers, Idolaters, and all liars, Their part will be in the lake that blazes with fire and brimstone. "This is the second death."