Reference: Wine
American
The vine being natural to the soil of Canaan and its vicinity, wine was much used as a beverage, especially at festivals, Es 1:7; 5:6; Da 5:1-4; Joh 2:3. As one of the staple products of the Holy Land, it was employed for drink-offerings in the temple service, Ex 20:26; Nu 15:4-10; it was included among the "first-fruits," De 18:4, and was used in the celebration of the Passover, and subsequently of the Lord's supper, Mt 26:27-29. Together with corn and oil it denoted all temporal supplies, Ps 4:7; Ho 2:8; Joe 2:19.
The word "wine" in our Bible is the translation of as many as ten different Hebrew words and two Greek words, most of which occur in but a few instances. The two most frequently used, Yayin and its Greek equivalent Oinos, are general terms for all sorts of wine, Ne 5:18. Without minute details on this subject, we may observe that "wine" in Scripture denotes,
1. The pure juice of the grape, fermented, and therefore more or less intoxicating, but free from drugs of any kind, and not strengthened by distilled liquors.
2. Must, the fresh juice of the grape, unfermented or in process of fermentation. For this the Hebrew employs the word tirosh, English version, new wine. Wine, as a product of agriculture, is commonly mentioned by this name along with corn and oil, Ge 40:11; Ex 22:29; De 32:14; Lu 5:37-38.
3. Honey of wine, made by boiling down must to one-fourth of its bulk. This commonly goes, in the Old Testament, by the name debhash, honey; and only the context can enable us to determine whether honey of grapes or of bees is to be understood, Nu 18:12; Pr 9:2,5.
4. Spiced wine, made stronger and more inviting to the taste by the admixture of spices and other drugs, Song 8:2.
5. Strong drink, Hebrew shechar. This word sometimes denotes pure strong wine, as Nu 28:7; or drugged wine, as Isa 5:22; but more commonly wine made from dates, honey, etc., and generally made more inebriating by being mingled with drugs.
See also, in connection with this article, FLAGON, MYRRH, and VINEGAR.
The "wine of Helbon" was made in the vicinity of Damascus, and sent from that city to Tyre, Eze 27:19. It resembled the "wine of Lebanon," famous for its excellence and fragrance, Ho 14:7. See HELBON.
Great efforts have been made to distinguish the harmless from the intoxicating wines of Scripture, and to show that inspiration has in all cases approved the former alone, and condemned the latter, directly or indirectly. It is not necessary, however, to do this in order to demonstrate that so far as the use of wine leads to inebriation it is pointedly condemned by the word of God. Son and shame are connected with the first mention of wine in the Bible, and with many subsequent cases, Ge 9:20; 19:31-36; 1Sa 25:36-37; 2Sa 13:28; 1Ki 20:12-21; Es 1:10-11; Da 5:23; Re 17:2. It is characterized as a deceitful mocker, Pr 21:1; as fruitful in miseries, Pr 23:29-35; in woes, Isa 5:22; in errors, Isa 28:1-7; and in impious folly, Isa 5:11-12; 56:12; Ho 4.11. The use of it is in some cases expressly forbidden, Le 10:9; Nu 6:3; and in other cases is alluded to as characteristic of the wicked, Joe 3:3; Am 6:6. Numerous cautions to beware of it are given, 1Sa 1:14; Pr 23:31; 31:4-5; 1Ti 3:3; and to tempt other to use it is in one passage made the occasion of a bitter curse, Hab 2:15. On the other hand, whatever approval was given in Palestine to the moderate use of wine, can hardly apply to a country where wine is an imported or manufactured article, often containing not a drop of the juice of the grape; or if genuine and not compounded with drugs, still enforced with distilled spirits. The whole state of the case, moreover, is greatly modified by the discovery of the process of distilling alcohol, and by the prevalence of appalling evils now inseparable from the general use of any intoxicating drinks. Daniel and the Rechabites saw good reason for total abstinence from wine, Jer 35:14; Da 1:8; and the sentiment of Paul, on a mater involving the same principles, is divinely commended to universal adoption, Ro 14:21; 1Co 8:13.
For "wine-press," see PRESS, and VINE.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And Noah, being a husbandman, went forth and planted a vineyard,
Then said the elder unto the younger, "Our father is old, and there are no more men in the earth to come in unto us after the manner of all the world. Come therefore, let us give our father wine to drink, and let us lie with him that we may save seed of our father." read more. And they gave their father wine to drink that same night. And the elder daughter went and lay with her father. And he perceived it not; neither when she lay down, neither when she rose up. And on the morrow the elder said unto the younger, "Behold, yesternight lay I with my father. Let us give him wine to drink this night also, and go thou and lie with him, and let us save seed of our father." And they gave their father wine to drink that night also. And the younger arose and lay with him. And he perceived it not; neither when she lay down, neither when she rose up. Thus were both the daughters of Lot with child by their father.
And I had Pharaoh's cup in my hand, and took of the grapes and wrung them into Pharaoh's cup, and delivered Pharaoh's cup into his hand."
Moreover thou shalt not go up with steps unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not showed thereon.'"
Thy fruits, whether they be dry or moist, see thou keep not back. Thy firstborn son thou shalt give me:
"Drink no wine nor strong drink - neither thou nor thy sons with thee - when ye go into the tabernacle of witness, lest ye die. And let it be a law forever unto your children after you:
he shall abstain from wine and strong drink, and shall drink no vinegar of wine or of strong drink, nor drink whatsoever is pressed out of grapes: and shall eat no fresh grapes neither yet dried, as long as his abstinence endureth.
Then, let him that offereth his offering unto the LORD, bring also a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering, and offer with the burnt offering or any other offering when it is a lamb. read more. And unto a ram thou shalt offer a meat offering of two tenth deals of flour, mingled with the third part of a hin of oil, and to a drink offering thou shalt offer the third part of a hin of wine, to be a sweet savour unto the LORD. When thou offerest an ox to a burnt offering or in any special vow or peace offering unto the LORD, then thou shalt bring unto an ox, a meat offering of three tenth deals of flour mingled with half a hin of oil. And thou shalt bring for a drink offering half a hin of wine, that is an offering of a sweet savour unto the LORD.
all the fat of the oil, of the wine and of the corn: their first fruits which they give unto the LORD that have I given unto thee.
And the drink offering of the same: the fourth part of a hin unto one lamb, and pour the drink offering in the holy place, to be good drink unto the LORD.
the first fruits of thy corn, wine and oil, and the first of thy sheep shearing must thou give him.
With butter of the kine and milk of the sheep, with fat of the lambs, and fat rams and he-goats, with fat kidneys and with wheat. And of the blood of grapes, thou drunkest wine.
and said unto her, "How long wilt thou be drunken? Put away from thee the wine that thou hast."
And there was prepared me daily an ox, and six chosen sheep, and birds, and once in every ten days a great sum of wine. Yet required not I the living of a captain for the bondage was grievous unto the people.
And the drink was carried in vessels of gold, and there was ever change of vessel. And the king's wine was much according to the power of the king.
And on the seventh day, when the king was merry of the wine, he commanded Mehuman, Biztha, Harbona, Bigtha, Abagtha, Zethar, and Carkas - the seven chamberlains that did service in the presence of king Ahasuerus - to fetch the queen Vashti with the crown regal, that he might show the people and princes her fairness: for she was beautiful.
the king said unto Esther, when he had drunken wine, "Esther what is thy petition? And it shall be given thee. And what requirest thou? Even the half of the empire, it shall be done."
Thou hast put gladness in my heart since the time that their corn and wine and oil increased.
The king's heart is in the hand of the LORD, like as are the rivers of water; he may turn it whithersoever he will.
Where is woe? Where is sorrow? Where is strife? Where is brawling? Where are wounds without cause? Where be red eyes? Even among those that be ever at the wine, and seek excess. read more. Look not thou upon the wine, how red it is, and what a color it giveth in the glass.
Look not thou upon the wine, how red it is, and what a color it giveth in the glass. It goeth down softly; but at the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth as an adder. read more. So shall thine eyes look unto strange women, and thine heart shall muse upon froward things. Yea, thou shalt be as though thou slept in the midst of the sea, or on the top of the mast of a ship. "They wounded me," shalt thou say, "but it hath not hurt me. They smote me, but I felt it not. When I am well awakened, I will go to the drink again."
O Lemuel, give kings no wine, give kings and princes no strong drink; Lest they being drunken forget the law, and regard not the cause of the poor, and of all such as be in adversity.
Woe unto them that rise up early to use themselves in drunkenness, and yet at night are more superfluous with wine. In those companies are harps and lutes, tabrets and pipes, and wine. But they regard not the work of the LORD, and consider not the operation of his hands.
Woe be unto them that are cunning men to sup out wine and expert to set up drunkenness.
Woe be unto them that are cunning men to sup out wine and expert to set up drunkenness.
Woe be to the crown of pride, even to the drunken people of Ephraim, whose great pomp is as a flower that fadeth away upon the head of the valley of such as be in wealth, and are overladen with wine. Behold, the strength and power of the LORD shall break into the land on every side, like a tempest of hail that beareth down strongholds, and like a horrible, mighty and overflowing water. read more. And the proud crown of the drunken Ephraimites shall be trodden under foot. And as for the fading flower, the glory of his pomp, which is upon the top of the plenteous valley: it shall happen unto him, as to an untimely fruit before the harvest come. Which as soon as it is seen, is by and by devoured, before it come well in a man's hand. In that day shall the LORD of Hosts be a joyful crown, and a glorious garland unto the remnant of his people. Unto the lowly, he shall be a spirit of judgment; and unto them that drive away the enemies from the gates, he shall be a spirit of strength. But they go wrong by the reason of wine, they fall and stagger because of strong drink. Yea even the priests and prophets themselves go amiss, they are drunken with wine, and weak brained through strong drink. They fail in prophesying, and stumble in judgment.
"Come," say they, "I will fetch wine, so shall we fill ourselves, that we may be drunken. And do tomorrow, like as today; yea, and much more."
The words which Jonadab the son of Rechab commanded his sons, that they should drink no wine, are fast and surely kept: for unto this day they drink no wine but obey their father's commandment. But as for me, I have stood up early, I have spoken unto you, and given you earnest warning: and yet have ye not been obedient unto me.
Dan, Javan, and Mevsall have brought unto thy markets, iron ready made, with Cassia, and Calamus, according to thine occupying.
But Daniel was at a point with himself, that he would not be defiled through the king's meat, nor the wine which he drunk. And this he desired of the chief chamberlain, lest he should defile himself.
King Belshazzar made a great banquet to his thousand lords: with all these thousand he made great cheer, and when he was drunken with wine, he commanded to bring him the golden and silver vessels, which his father Nebuchadnezzar had taken out of the temple at Jerusalem: that the king and his lords with his queen and concubines might drink thereout. read more. So they brought the golden vessel, that was taken out of the temple of the LORD's house at Jerusalem. Then the king and his lords with his queen and concubines drunk out of them. They drunk wine, and praised their Idols of gold, silver, copper, iron, wood and stone.
but hast magnified thyself above the LORD of heaven, so that the vessels of his house were brought before thee: that thou, and thy lords, with thy queen and concubines, might drink wine thereout: and hast praised the Idols of silver and gold, copper and iron, of wood and stone. As for the God in whose hand consisteth thy breath and all thy ways: thou hast not loved him.
And she did not know that I gave her corn, and wine, and oil, and multiplied her silver and gold: which they bestowed upon Baal.
They that shall turn and sit in his shadow, shall live with corn, and flourish as vines. His renown shall be as the wine of Lebanon.
And the LORD answered and said unto his people, "Behold, I sent you corn, new wine and oil, that ye shall be satisfied therewith. Neither will I deliver you any more unto the heathen.
Yea, they have cast lots for my people, the young men have they set in the brothel house, and sold the damsels for wine, that they might have to drink.
ye that drink wine out of goblets, and anoint yourselves with the best oil: but no man is sorry for Joseph's hurt.
Woe unto him that giveth his neighbour drink, to get him wrathful displeasure for his drunkenness: that he may see his privities.
And he took the cup, and thanked, and gave it them, saying, "Drink of it every one. This is my blood of the new testament, that shall be shed for many, for the forgiveness of sins. read more. I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine tree, until that day, when I shall drink it new with you in my father's kingdom."
Also no man poureth new wine into old vessels: for if he do, the new wine breaketh the vessels, and runneth out itself, and the vessels perish: But new wine must be poured into new vessels, and both are preserved.
It is good neither to eat flesh, neither to drink wine, neither anything, whereby thy brother stumbleth, either falleth, or is made weak.
For we ourselves also were in times past, unwise, disobedient, deceived, in danger to lusts, and to divers manners of voluptuousness, living in maliciousness and envy, full of hate, hating one another.
with whom the kings of the earth have committed whoredom, and the inhabiters of the earth are drunken with the wine of her fornication."
Easton
The common Hebrew word for wine is yayin, from a root meaning "to boil up," "to be in a ferment." Others derive it from a root meaning "to tread out," and hence the juice of the grape trodden out. The Greek word for wine is oinos, and the Latin vinun. But besides this common Hebrew word, there are several others which are thus rendered.
(1.) Ashishah (2Sa 6:19; 1Ch 16:3; Song 2:5; Ho 3:1), which, however, rather denotes a solid cake of pressed grapes, or, as in the Revised Version, a cake of raisins.
(2.) 'Asis, "sweet wine," or "new wine," the product of the same year (Song 8:2; Isa 49:26; Joe 1:5; 3:18; Am 9:13), from a root meaning "to tread," hence juice trodden out or pressed out, thus referring to the method by which the juice is obtained. The power of intoxication is ascribed to it.
(3.) Hometz. See Vinegar.
(4.) Hemer, De 32:14 (rendered "blood of the grape") Isa 27:2 ("red wine"), Ezr 6:9; 7:22; Da 5:1-2,4. This word conveys the idea of "foaming," as in the process of fermentation, or when poured out. It is derived from the root hamar, meaning "to boil up," and also "to be red," from the idea of boiling or becoming inflamed.
(5.) 'Enabh, a grape (De 32:14). The last clause of this verse should be rendered as in the Revised Version, "and of the blood of the grape ['enabh] thou drankest wine [hemer]." In Ho 3:1 the phrase in Authorized Version, "flagons of wine," is in the Revised Version correctly "cakes of raisins." (Comp. Ge 49:11; Nu 6:3; De 23:24, etc., where this Hebrew word is rendered in the plural "grapes.")
(6.) Mesekh, properly a mixture of wine and water with spices that increase its stimulating properties (Isa 5:22). Ps 75:8, "The wine [yayin] is red; it is full of mixture [mesekh];" Pr 23:30, "mixed wine;" Isa 65:11, "drink offering" (R.V., "mingled wine").
(7.) Tirosh, properly "must," translated "wine" (De 28:51); "new wine" (Pr 3:10); "sweet wine" (Mic 6:15; R.V., "vintage"). This Hebrew word has been traced to a root meaning "to take possession of" and hence it is supposed that tirosh is so designated because in intoxicating it takes possession of the brain. Among the blessings promised to Esau (Ge 27:28) mention is made of "plenty of corn and tirosh." Palestine is called "a land of corn and tirosh" (De 33:28; comp. Isa 36:17). See also De 28:51; 2Ch 32:28; Joe 2:19; Ho 4:11, ("wine [yayin] and new wine [tirosh] take away the heart").
(8.) Sobhe (root meaning "to drink to excess," "to suck up," "absorb"), found only in Isa 1:22; Ho 4:18 ("their drink;" Gesen. and marg. of R.V., "their carouse"), and Na 1:10 ("drunken as drunkards;" lit., "soaked according to their drink;" R.V., "drenched, as it were, in their drink", i.e., according to their sobhe).
(9.) Shekar, "strong drink," any intoxicating liquor; from a root meaning "to drink deeply," "to be drunken", a generic term applied to all fermented liquors, however obtained. Nu 28:7, "strong wine" (R.V., "strong drink"). It is sometimes distinguished from wine, c.g., Le 10:9, "Do not drink wine [yayin] nor strong drink [shekar];" Nu 6:3; Jg 13:4,7; Isa 28:7 (in all these places rendered "strong drink"). Translated "strong drink" also in Isa 5:11; 24:9; 29:9; 56:12; Pr 20:1; 31:6; Mic 2:11.
(10.) Yekebh (De 16:13, but in R.V. correctly "wine-press"), a vat into which the new wine flowed from the press. Joe 2:24, "their vats;" Joe 3:13, "the fats;" Pr 3:10, "Thy presses shall burst out with new wine [tirosh];" Hag 2:16; Jer 48:33, "wine-presses;" 2Ki 6:27; Job 24:11.
(11.) Shemarim (only in plural), "lees" or "dregs" of wine. In Isa 25:6 it is rendered "wines on the lees", i.e., wine that has been kept on the lees, and therefore old wine.
(12.) Mesek, "a mixture," mixed or spiced wine, not diluted with water, but mixed with drugs and spices to increase its strength, or, as some think, mingled with the lees by being shaken (Ps 75:8; Pr 23:30).
In Ac 2:13 the word gleukos, rendered "new wine," denotes properly "sweet wine." It must have been intoxicating.
In addition to wine the Hebrews also made use of what they called debash, which was obtained by boiling down must to one-half or one-third of its original bulk. In Ge 43:11 this word is rendered "honey." It was a kind of syrup, and is called by the Arabs at the present day dibs. This word occurs in the phrase "a land flowing with milk and honey" (debash), Ex 3:8,17; 13:5; 33:3; Le 20:24; Nu 13:27. (See Honey.)
Our Lord miraculously supplied wine at the marriage feast in Cana of Galilee (Joh 2:1-11). The Rechabites were forbidden the use of wine (Jer 35). The Nazarites also were to abstain from its use during the period of their vow (Nu 6:1-4); and those who were dedicated as Nazarites from their birth were perpetually to abstain from it (Jg 13:4-5; Lu 1:15; 7:33). The priests, too, were forbidden the use of wine and strong drink when engaged in their sacred functions (Le 10:1,9-11). "Wine is little used now in the East, from the fact that Mohammedans are not allowed to taste it, and very few of other creeds touch it. When it is drunk, water is generally mixed with it, and this was the custom in the days of Christ also. The people indeed are everywhere very sober in hot climates; a drunken person, in fact, is never seen", (Geikie's Life of Christ). The sin of drunkenness, however, must have been not uncommon in the olden times, for it is mentioned either metaphorically or literally more than seventy times in the Bible.
A drink-offering of wine was presented with the daily sacrifice (Ex 29:40-41), and also with the offering of the first-fruits (Le 23:13), and with various other sacrifices (Nu 15:5,7,10). Wine was used at the celebration of the Passover. And when the Lord's Supper was instituted, the wine and the unleavened bread then on the paschal table were by our Lord set apart as memorials of his body and blood.
Several emphatic warnings are given in the New Testament against excess in the use of wine (Lu 21:34; Ro 13:13; Eph 5:18; 1Ti 3:8; Tit 1:7).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
God give thee of the dew of heaven, and of the fatness of the earth and plenty of corn and wine.
Then their father Israel said unto them, "If it must needs be so now: then do thus, take of the best fruits of the land in your vessels, and bring the man a present, a courtesy balm, and a courtesy of honey, spices and myrrh, dates and almonds.
He shall bind his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the vine branch, and shall wash his garment in wine and his mantle in the blood of grapes:
and am come down to deliver them out of the hands of the Egyptians, and to bring them out of that land unto a good land and a large, and unto a land that floweth with milk and honey: even unto the place of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and of the Jebusites.
And I have said it, that I will bring you out of the tribulation of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites: even a land that floweth with milk and honey.'
When the LORD hath brought thee in to the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Hivites and Jebusites, which he sware unto thy fathers that he would give thee: a land wherein milk and honey floweth, then see that thou keep this service in this same month.
And unto the one lamb take a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine, for a drink offering. And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering and drink offering in the morning, to be an odour of a sweet savour of the sacrifice of the LORD.
that thou mayest go in to a land that floweth with milk and honey. But I will not go among you myself, for ye are a stiffnecked people: lest I consume you by the way."
And Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of them his censor, and put fire therein, and put cense upon; and brought strange fire before the LORD: which he commanded them not.
"Drink no wine nor strong drink - neither thou nor thy sons with thee - when ye go into the tabernacle of witness, lest ye die. And let it be a law forever unto your children after you:
"Drink no wine nor strong drink - neither thou nor thy sons with thee - when ye go into the tabernacle of witness, lest ye die. And let it be a law forever unto your children after you: that ye may put difference between holy and unholy, and between unclean and clean, read more. and that ye may teach the children of Israel all the ordinances which the LORD hath commanded them by the hands of Moses."
But I have said unto you that ye shall enjoy their land, and that I will give it unto you to possess it: even a land that floweth with milk and honey. I am the LORD your God, which have separated you from other nations:
and the meat offering thereof, two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil to be a sacrifice unto the LORD of a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereto, the fourth deal of a hin of wine.
And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, "Speak unto children of Israel and say unto them, 'When either man or woman appointeth to vow a vow of abstinence, for to abstain unto the LORD, read more. he shall abstain from wine and strong drink, and shall drink no vinegar of wine or of strong drink, nor drink whatsoever is pressed out of grapes: and shall eat no fresh grapes neither yet dried, as long as his abstinence endureth.
he shall abstain from wine and strong drink, and shall drink no vinegar of wine or of strong drink, nor drink whatsoever is pressed out of grapes: and shall eat no fresh grapes neither yet dried, as long as his abstinence endureth.
he shall abstain from wine and strong drink, and shall drink no vinegar of wine or of strong drink, nor drink whatsoever is pressed out of grapes: and shall eat no fresh grapes neither yet dried, as long as his abstinence endureth. Moreover he shall eat nothing that is made of the vine tree, no not so much as the kernels or the husk of the grape.
And they told him, saying, "We came unto the land whither thou sendedst us, and surely it is a land that floweth with milk and honey and here is of the fruit of it.
and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering, and offer with the burnt offering or any other offering when it is a lamb.
and to a drink offering thou shalt offer the third part of a hin of wine, to be a sweet savour unto the LORD.
And thou shalt bring for a drink offering half a hin of wine, that is an offering of a sweet savour unto the LORD.
And the drink offering of the same: the fourth part of a hin unto one lamb, and pour the drink offering in the holy place, to be good drink unto the LORD.
Thou shalt observe the feast of tabernacles seven days long, after that thou hast gathered in thy corn and thy wine.
When thou comest into thy neighbour's vineyard, thou mayest eat grapes thy bellyful at thine own pleasure: but thou shalt put none in thy bag.
And he shall eat the fruit of thy land and the fruit of thy cattle until he have destroyed thee: so that he shall leave thee neither corn, wine, nor oil, neither the increase of thine oxen nor the flocks of thy sheep: until he have brought thee to nought.
And he shall eat the fruit of thy land and the fruit of thy cattle until he have destroyed thee: so that he shall leave thee neither corn, wine, nor oil, neither the increase of thine oxen nor the flocks of thy sheep: until he have brought thee to nought.
With butter of the kine and milk of the sheep, with fat of the lambs, and fat rams and he-goats, with fat kidneys and with wheat. And of the blood of grapes, thou drunkest wine.
With butter of the kine and milk of the sheep, with fat of the lambs, and fat rams and he-goats, with fat kidneys and with wheat. And of the blood of grapes, thou drunkest wine.
And Israel shall dwell in safety alone. And the eyes of Jacob shall look upon a land of corn and wine. Moreover, his heaven shall drop with dew.
And now beware, and drink no wine nor strong drink; neither eat any unclean thing.
And now beware, and drink no wine nor strong drink; neither eat any unclean thing. For see, thou shalt conceive and bear a son. And there may no razor or shearers come on his head: for the lad shall be an abstainer unto God, even from the time of his birth. And he shall begin to deliver Israel out of the hands of the Philistines."
And he said unto me, 'Behold, thou shalt be with child and bear a son, and now drink no wine nor strong drink, neither eat any unclean thing: for the lad shall be an abstainer to God even from his birth to the day of his death.'"
and gave among all the folk - even among the whole multitude of Israel, as well to the women as men - every one a cake of bread and a piece of flesh and a flacket of wine. And so the people departed every man to his house.
And he said, "Nay, the LORD help thee. But wherewith should I help thee, with corn or wine?"
And if they have need of calves, lambs, or goats, for the burnt offering unto the God of heaven, wheat, salt, wine and oil, after the custom of the priests at Jerusalem, there shall be given them daily as is according: and see that this be done without fault,
until a hundred talents of silver, until a hundred quarters of wheat, and until a hundred baths of wine, and till a hundred baths of oil, and salt without measure.
The poor are fain to labour in their oil mills, yea and to tread in their wine presses, and yet to suffer thirst.
For in the hand of the LORD there is a cup, and the wine is red; it is full mixed, and he poureth out of the same. As for the dregs thereof, all the ungodly of the earth shall drink them, and suck them out.
For in the hand of the LORD there is a cup, and the wine is red; it is full mixed, and he poureth out of the same. As for the dregs thereof, all the ungodly of the earth shall drink them, and suck them out.
So shall thy barns be filled with plenteousness, and thy presses shall flow over with sweet wine.
So shall thy barns be filled with plenteousness, and thy presses shall flow over with sweet wine.
Wine is a voluptuous thing, and drunkenness causes sedition; whoso delighteth therein, shall never be wise.
Give strong drink unto such as are condemned to death, and wine unto those that mourn:
if I took thee, and brought thee into my mother's house - that thou mightest teach me, and that I might give thee drink of spiced wine and of the sweet sap of my pomegranates.
Thy silver is turned to dross, and thy wine mixed with water.
Woe unto them that rise up early to use themselves in drunkenness, and yet at night are more superfluous with wine.
Woe be unto them that are cunning men to sup out wine and expert to set up drunkenness.
there shall no more wine be drunk with mirth, the beer shall be bitter to them that drink it;
Moreover, the LORD of Hosts shall once prepare a feast for all people upon the hill: A plenteous, costly, pleasant feast, of fat and well-fed beasts, of sweet and most pure things.
But they go wrong by the reason of wine, they fall and stagger because of strong drink. Yea even the priests and prophets themselves go amiss, they are drunken with wine, and weak brained through strong drink. They fail in prophesying, and stumble in judgment.
Ponder these things once in your mind, and wonder: Blinded are they themselves, and the blind guides of others; they are drunken, but not with wine; they are unstable, but not through strong drink.
Unto the time that I come myself, and bring you into a land that is like your own: wherein is wheat and wine, which is both sown with seed, and planted with vineyards.'
And will feed thine enemies with their own flesh, and make them drink of their own blood, as of sweet wine. And all flesh shall know, O Jacob, that I am the LORD - thy Saviour and strong avenger.
"Come," say they, "I will fetch wine, so shall we fill ourselves, that we may be drunken. And do tomorrow, like as today; yea, and much more."
But as for you, ye are they that have forsaken the LORD, and forgotten my holy hill. Ye have set up an altar to Fortune, and given rich drink offerings unto the planets.
Mirth and cheer shall be taken away from the timber field, and from the whole land of Moab. There shall be no sweet wine in the press, the treader shall have no stomach to cry, yea there shall be none to cry unto him:
King Belshazzar made a great banquet to his thousand lords: with all these thousand he made great cheer, and when he was drunken with wine, he commanded to bring him the golden and silver vessels, which his father Nebuchadnezzar had taken out of the temple at Jerusalem: that the king and his lords with his queen and concubines might drink thereout.
They drunk wine, and praised their Idols of gold, silver, copper, iron, wood and stone.
Then said the LORD to me, "Go yet thy way and vow an adulterous woman, whom thy neighbour loveth as the LORD doth the children of Israel: howbeit, they have respect to strange gods, and love the wine cans."
Then said the LORD to me, "Go yet thy way and vow an adulterous woman, whom thy neighbour loveth as the LORD doth the children of Israel: howbeit, they have respect to strange gods, and love the wine cans."
Their drunkenness hath put them back, and brought them to whoredom. Their rulers love rewards; "Bring," say they, to their own shame.
Wake up ye drunkards, and weep: mourn all ye wine sippers because of your sweet wine, for it shall be taken away from your mouth.
And the LORD answered and said unto his people, "Behold, I sent you corn, new wine and oil, that ye shall be satisfied therewith. Neither will I deliver you any more unto the heathen.
And the barns shall be full of corn, and the wine presses flow with wine and oil.
Lay to your scythes, for the harvest is ripe. Come, get you down: the winepress is full, yea the winepresses run over, for their wickedness is waxen great.
And at that day the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the brooks of Judah shall run with water. And a fountain shall go out of the house of the LORD and water the river of Shittim.
"Behold, the days will come," saith the LORD, "that the earer shall overtake the reaper, and treader of grapes the sower of seed. And the mountains shall drop sweetness, and the hills shall be earable.
If I were a fleshly fellow, and a preacher of lies, and told them that they might sit bibbing and bolling, and be drunken: O that were a Prophet for this people!
Thou shalt sow, but not reap; thou shalt press out olives, but oil shalt thou not have to anoint thyself withal; thou shalt tread out sweet must, but shall drink no wine.
For like as the thorns that stick together, and as the dry straw, so shall the drunkards be consumed together, even when they be full.
that when ye came to a corn heap of twenty bushels, there were scarce ten: and that when ye came to the wine press for to pour out fifty pots of wine, there were scarce twenty.
For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall neither drink wine nor strong drink. And he shall be filled with the holy ghost, even in his mother's womb:
For John Baptist came unto you neither eating bread, nor drinking wine, and ye say, 'He hath the devil.'
Take heed to yourselves, lest your hearts be overcome with surfeiting and drunkenness, and cares of this world: and that, that day come on you unawares.
And the third day, was there a marriage in Cana, a city of Galilee. And Jesus' mother was there. And Jesus was called also, and his disciples, unto the marriage. read more. And when the wine failed, Jesus' mother said unto him, "They have no wine." Jesus said unto her, "Woman, what have I to do with thee? Mine hour is not yet come." His mother said unto the ministers, "Whatsoever he sayeth unto you, do it." And there were standing there, six waterpots of stone after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing two or three firkins apiece. And Jesus said unto them, "Fill the water pots with water." And they filled them up to the hard brim. And he said unto them, "Draw out now, and bear unto the governor of the feast." And they bare it. When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was turned unto wine, and knew not whence it was - But the ministers which drew the water knew - He called the bridegroom, and said unto him, "All men at the beginning set forth good wine; And when men be drunk, then that which is worse: But thou hast kept back the good wine until now." This beginning of miracles did Jesus in Cana of Galilee, and showed his glory; and his disciples believed on him.
Others mocked them saying, "They are full of new wine."
Let us walk honestly as it were in the daylight: not in eating and drinking: neither in chambering and wantonness: neither in strife and envying:
And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess: but be fulfilled with the spirit,
For a bishop must be faultless, as it becometh the minister of God; not stubborn, not angry, no drunkard, no fighter, not given to filthy lucre:
This is a true saying. Of these things I would thou shouldest certify, that they which believe God, might be diligent to go forward in good works. These things are good and profitable unto men.
Fausets
Tirosh is the most general term for "vintage fruit," put in connection with "corn and oil," necessaries (dagan, yitshar, rather more generally the produce of the field and the orchard) and ordinary articles of diet in Palestine. It occurs 38 times, namely, six times by itself, eleven times with dagan, twice with yitshar, nineteen times with both dagan and yitshar. Besides, it is seven times with "firstfruits," ten times with "tithes" or "offerings" of fruits and grain; very rarely with terms expressing the process of preparing fruits or vegetable produce. Yayin is the proper term for "wine." In Mic 6:15, "thou shalt tread ... sweet wine (tirowsh, vintage fruit), but shalt not drink wine," the vintage fruit, that which is trodden, is distinguished from the manufactured "wine" which it yields.
Tirowh is never combined with shemen "oil"; nor yitshar, "orchard produce," with "wine" the manufactured article. In De 11:14, "gather in thy grain, wine" (tirosh), it is described as a solid thing, eaten in De 12:7; compare 2Ch 31:5-6. In Isa 65:8 "the tirowsh (vintage) is found in the cluster"; Isa 62:8-9, "the stranger shall not drink thy tirowsh, but they that have gathered it ... and brought it together (verbs hardly applicable to a liquid) shall drink it." Pr 3:10, "presses ... burst out with tirowsh"; and Joe 2:24, "fats shall overflow with tirowsh (vintage fruit) and yitshar."
De 14:22-26, "tithe of tirowsh," not merely of wine but of the vintage fruit. Scripture denounces the abuse of yayin, "wine." Ho 4:11, "whoredom, wine, and tirowsh take away the heart": the tirowsh is denounced not as evil in itself, but as associated with whoredom to which wine and grape cakes were stimulants; compare Ho 3:1, "love pressed cakes of dried grapes" (not "flagons of wine"): Eze 16:49. Yayin, from a root "boil up," is the extract from the grape, whether simple grape juice unfermented, or intoxicating wine; related to the Greek oinos, Latin vinum. Vinum, vitis, are thought related to Sanskrit we, "weave," viere. Chamar is the Chaldee equivalent to Hebrew yayin, the generic term for grape liquor.
It literally, means "to foam" (De 32:14, "the blood of the grape, even wine," not "pure"): Ezr 6:9; 7:22; Da 5:1; Isa 27:2. 'asis, from a root to "tread," the grape juice newly expressed (Song 8:2); "sweet wine" (Isa 49:26; Am 9:13); "new wine" (Joe 1:5; 3:18). Mesek; Ps 75:8, translated"the wine is fermenting ('foaming with wine,' Hengstenberg), it is full of mixture," i.e. spiced wine, the more intoxicating, expressing the stupefying effect of God's judgments (Pr 9:2; 23:30). Mezeg (Song 8:2), "spiced ... mixed wine," not as KJV "liquor"; compare Re 14:10.
Shekar (sikera in Lu 1:15), "strong wine," "strong drink," (Nu 28:7; Ps 69:12 drinkers of shekar,") including palm wine, pomegranate wine, apple wine, honey wine; our "sugar" may be a cognate word to shekar, syrup. Sobe', related to Latin sapa, "must boiled down" (Lees), rather from a root "soak" or "drink to excess." Isa 1:22, "thy sobe' is circumcised with water," i.e. diluted (implying that strength rather than sweetness characterized sobe'); the prophet glances at their tendency to rely on the outward circumcision without the inward spirit, the true wine of the ordinance. The Latin sapa answers rather to Hebrew debash, Arabic dabs, grape juice boiled down to the consistency of honey (Ge 43:11; Eze 27:17).
Na 1:10, Hebrew "soaked" or "drunken as with their own wine." Ho 4:13, chomets, "vinegar" or sour wine, such as the posca which the Roman soldiers drank, and such as was offered to Jesus on the cross (Ps 69:22). Instead of "flagons," 'ashishah ought to be translated "grape cakes" (2Sa 6:19; Ho 3:1, etc.). In Ho 4:18 "their drink is sour," i.e. they are utterly degenerate (Isa 1:22); else, they are as licentious as drunkards who smell sour with wine. But Maurer,"(no sooner) is their drinking over (than) they commit whoredoms." The effects of yayin, "red eyes" (Ge 49:12); producing "mockers" of God and man (Pr 20:1); causing error of judgment out of the way (Isa 28:7); but a restorative cordial where stimulants are needed (Pr 31:6).
Jg 9:13, "wine ... cheereth God and man"; the vine represents here the nobler families who promote the nation's prosperity in a way pleasing to God and man (Ps 103:15). God is well pleased with the sacrificial oblations of wine (Le 15:5,7,10) offered in faith. Externally applied to wounds (Lu 10:34). 1Ti 5:23, "use a little wine for thy stomach's sake." Bringing woe to followers of strong drink, which inflames them from early to late day (Isa 5:12; Ac 2:15; 1Th 5:7). Noisy shouting (Zec 9:15; 10:7), rejoicing, taking away the understanding (Ho 4:11). Causing indecent exposure of the person, as Noah (Ge 9:22; Hab 2:15-16). Therefore "woe unto him that giveth his neighbour drink, that puttest thy bottle to him."
Producing sickness (Ho 7:5), "princes made him sick with bottles (else owing to the heat) of wine." Scripture condemns the abuse, not the use, of wine. In condemnatory passages no hint is given of there being an unfermented wine to which the condemnation does not apply. The bursting of the leather bottles (Mt 9:17) implies fermentation of the wine; so also Job 32:19. The wine was drawn off probably before fermentation was complete. In Pr 23:31 "when it giveth its eye (i.e. sparkle, Hebrew) in the cup," the reference is to the gas bubble in fermentation. The "sweet wine" (Ac 2:13,15) was evidently intoxicating; not "new wine," for eight months had elapsed since the previous vintage; its sweet quality was due to its being made of the purest grape juice. In Ge 40:11 the pressing of the grape juice into Pharaoh's cup is no proof that fermented wine was unknown then in Egypt; nay, the monuments represent the fermenting process in the earliest times.
Plutarch's statement (Isid. 6) only means that before Psammeticus the priests restricted themselves to the quantity of wine prescribed by their sacerdotal office (Diod. i. 70). Jonadab's prohibition of wine to the Rechabites was in order to keep them as nomads from a settled life such as vine cultivation needed (Jeremiah 35). The wine at the drink offering of the daily sacrifice (Ex 29:40), the firstfruits (Le 23:13), and other offerings (Nu 15:5), implies that its use is lawful. The prohibition of wine to officiating priests (Le 10:9) was to guard against such excess as probably caused Nadab to offer the strange fire (Eze 44:21). The Nazarites' Vow against wine was voluntary (Nu 6:3); it justifies voluntary total abstinence, but does not enjoin it. Wine was used at the Passover. The third cup was called because of the grace "the cup of blessing" (1Co 10:16), "the fruit of the vine" (Mt 26:29).
Moderation in wine is made a requisite in candidates for the ministry (1Ti 3:3,8; Tit 2:3). The vintage was in September and was celebrated with great joy (Isa 16:9-10; Jer 48:33). The ripe fruit was gathered in baskets, and was carried to the winepress, consisting of an upper (Hebrew gath, Greek leenos) and lower vat (yekeb, Greek hupolenion); the juice flowed from the fruit placed in the upper to the lower. The two vats were usually hewn in the solid rock, the upper broad and shallow, the lower smaller and deeper. The first drops ("the tear," dema, margin Ex 22:29) were consecrated as firstfruits to Jehovah. Wine long settled formed lees at the bottom, which needed straining (Isa 25:6). The wine of Helbon near Damascus was especially prized (Eze 27:18), and that of Lebanon for its bouquet (Nu 14:7).
Jesus' miracle (John 2) justifies the use; still love justifies abstinence for the sake of taking away any stumbling-block from a brother; Ro 14:21, "it is good neither to drink wine ... whereby thy brother stumbleth." W. Hepworth Dixon (Palestine Exploration Quarterly Statement, May 1878, p. 67) shows that Kefr Kana, not; Kana el Jelil, answers to the Cana of Galilee (so called to distinguish it from the better known Cana of Judaea, John 2), the scene of our Lord's first miracle at the marriage. It is five miles from Nazareth in a N.E. direction, on the main road to Tiberias. Khirbet Kana (Cana) is not on the road from Nazareth to Capernaum; one coming up from Cape
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father's privities, and told his two brethren that were without.
And I had Pharaoh's cup in my hand, and took of the grapes and wrung them into Pharaoh's cup, and delivered Pharaoh's cup into his hand."
Then their father Israel said unto them, "If it must needs be so now: then do thus, take of the best fruits of the land in your vessels, and bring the man a present, a courtesy balm, and a courtesy of honey, spices and myrrh, dates and almonds.
Thy fruits, whether they be dry or moist, see thou keep not back. Thy firstborn son thou shalt give me:
And unto the one lamb take a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine, for a drink offering.
"Drink no wine nor strong drink - neither thou nor thy sons with thee - when ye go into the tabernacle of witness, lest ye die. And let it be a law forever unto your children after you:
He that toucheth his couch, shall wash his clothes and bathe himself with water, and be unclean until the even.
And he that toucheth his flesh shall wash his clothes and bathe himself in water and be unclean unto the evening.
And whosoever toucheth anything that was under him, shall be unclean unto the evening. And he that beareth any such things shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water and be unclean unto the even,
and the meat offering thereof, two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil to be a sacrifice unto the LORD of a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereto, the fourth deal of a hin of wine.
he shall abstain from wine and strong drink, and shall drink no vinegar of wine or of strong drink, nor drink whatsoever is pressed out of grapes: and shall eat no fresh grapes neither yet dried, as long as his abstinence endureth.
and spake unto all the company of the children of Israel, saying, "The land which we walked through to search it, is a very good land.
and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering, and offer with the burnt offering or any other offering when it is a lamb.
And the drink offering of the same: the fourth part of a hin unto one lamb, and pour the drink offering in the holy place, to be good drink unto the LORD.
then he will give rain unto your land in due season, both the first rain and the latter, and thou shalt gather in thy corn, thy wine and thine oil.
And there ye shall eat before the LORD your God, and ye shall rejoice in all that ye lay your hands on, both ye and your households, because the LORD thy God hath blessed thee.
Thou shalt tithe all the increase of thy seed that cometh out of the field year by year. And thou shalt eat before the LORD thy God, in the place which he hath chosen to make his name dwell there, the tithe of thy corn, of thy wine and of thine oil, and the firstborn of thine oxen and of thy flock that thou mayest learn to fear the LORD thy God always. read more. If the way be too long for thee, so that thou art not able to carry it, because the place is too far from the which the LORD thy God hath chosen to set his name there - for the LORD thy God hath blessed thee - then make it in money and take the money in thine hand, and go unto the place which the LORD thy God hath chosen, and bestow that money on whatsoever thy soul lusteth after: on oxen, sheep, wine and good drink, and on whatsoever thy soul desireth, and eat there before the LORD thy God and be merry: both thou, and thine household,
With butter of the kine and milk of the sheep, with fat of the lambs, and fat rams and he-goats, with fat kidneys and with wheat. And of the blood of grapes, thou drunkest wine.
And the vine answered, 'Should I leave my wine that cheereth both God and man, and go to be promoted over the trees?'
and gave among all the folk - even among the whole multitude of Israel, as well to the women as men - every one a cake of bread and a piece of flesh and a flacket of wine. And so the people departed every man to his house.
And as soon as the word came abroad the children of Israel brought abundance of first fruits of corn, wine, oil and honey, and of all manner of fruits of the field: and the tithes of all manner of things brought they in plenteously. And the children of Israel and Judah that dwelt in the cities of Judah, they also brought in the tithes of oxen and sheep, and tithes of dedicated things which were dedicated to the LORD their God, and put them on heaps.
And if they have need of calves, lambs, or goats, for the burnt offering unto the God of heaven, wheat, salt, wine and oil, after the custom of the priests at Jerusalem, there shall be given them daily as is according: and see that this be done without fault,
until a hundred talents of silver, until a hundred quarters of wheat, and until a hundred baths of wine, and till a hundred baths of oil, and salt without measure.
Behold, I am as the new wine, which hath no vent, and bursteth the new vessels in sunder.
They that sit in the gate speak against me, and the drunkards make songs upon me.
Let their table be made a snare to take themselves withal; and let the things that should have been for their wealth be unto them an occasion of falling.
For in the hand of the LORD there is a cup, and the wine is red; it is full mixed, and he poureth out of the same. As for the dregs thereof, all the ungodly of the earth shall drink them, and suck them out.
that a man in his time is but as grass, and flourisheth as a flower of the field.
So shall thy barns be filled with plenteousness, and thy presses shall flow over with sweet wine.
Wine is a voluptuous thing, and drunkenness causes sedition; whoso delighteth therein, shall never be wise.
Even among those that be ever at the wine, and seek excess. Look not thou upon the wine, how red it is, and what a color it giveth in the glass.
Give strong drink unto such as are condemned to death, and wine unto those that mourn:
if I took thee, and brought thee into my mother's house - that thou mightest teach me, and that I might give thee drink of spiced wine and of the sweet sap of my pomegranates.
if I took thee, and brought thee into my mother's house - that thou mightest teach me, and that I might give thee drink of spiced wine and of the sweet sap of my pomegranates.
Thy silver is turned to dross, and thy wine mixed with water.
Thy silver is turned to dross, and thy wine mixed with water.
This he hedged, this he walled round about, and planted it with goodly grapes. In the midst of it builded he a tower, and made a wine press therein. And afterward when he looked that it should bring him grapes, it brought forth thorns.
In those companies are harps and lutes, tabrets and pipes, and wine. But they regard not the work of the LORD, and consider not the operation of his hands.
Therefore I mourned for Jazer, and for the vineyards of Sibmah with great sorrow. I poured my tears upon Heshbon and Elealeh, for all their songs were laid down, in their harvest and gathering of their grapes. Mirth and cheer was gone out of the field and vineyards, insomuch that no man was glad nor sung. There went no treader into the winepress, their merry cheer was laid down.
Moreover, the LORD of Hosts shall once prepare a feast for all people upon the hill: A plenteous, costly, pleasant feast, of fat and well-fed beasts, of sweet and most pure things.
But they go wrong by the reason of wine, they fall and stagger because of strong drink. Yea even the priests and prophets themselves go amiss, they are drunken with wine, and weak brained through strong drink. They fail in prophesying, and stumble in judgment.
And will feed thine enemies with their own flesh, and make them drink of their own blood, as of sweet wine. And all flesh shall know, O Jacob, that I am the LORD - thy Saviour and strong avenger.
The LORD hath sworn by his righthand and by his strong arm, that he will not give thy corn any more to be eaten of thine enemies: and that aliens shall not drink thy new wine wherefore thou hast laboured. But they that made it shall eat it and shall praise the LORD: and they that gathered it, shall drink it in the court of my holy temple.
Moreover, thus sayeth the LORD: like as when one would gather holy grapes, men say unto him, "Break it not off, for it is holy," even so will I do also for my servants' sakes, that I will not destroy them all.
Mirth and cheer shall be taken away from the timber field, and from the whole land of Moab. There shall be no sweet wine in the press, the treader shall have no stomach to cry, yea there shall be none to cry unto him:
Behold, the sins of thy sister Sodom, were these: Pride, fullness of meat, abundance and Idleness: these things had she and her daughters. Besides that, they reached not their hand to the poor and needy,
Judah and the land of Israel occupied with thee, and brought unto thy markets, wheat, balm, honey, oil and treacle. Damascus also used merchandises with thee, in the best wine and white wool: because thy occupying was so great, and thy wares so many.
All the priests that go in to the inmost court, shall drink no wine.
King Belshazzar made a great banquet to his thousand lords: with all these thousand he made great cheer,
Then said the LORD to me, "Go yet thy way and vow an adulterous woman, whom thy neighbour loveth as the LORD doth the children of Israel: howbeit, they have respect to strange gods, and love the wine cans."
Then said the LORD to me, "Go yet thy way and vow an adulterous woman, whom thy neighbour loveth as the LORD doth the children of Israel: howbeit, they have respect to strange gods, and love the wine cans."
They make sacrifices upon the high mountains, and burn their incense upon the hills, yea among the oaks, groves and bushes, for there are good shadows. Therefore your daughters are become harlots, and your spouses have broken their wedlock.
Their drunkenness hath put them back, and brought them to whoredom. Their rulers love rewards; "Bring," say they, to their own shame.
Even so goeth it this day with our kings and princes, for they begin to be wood drunken through wine: they use familiarity with such as deceive them.
Wake up ye drunkards, and weep: mourn all ye wine sippers because of your sweet wine, for it shall be taken away from your mouth.
And the barns shall be full of corn, and the wine presses flow with wine and oil.
And at that day the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the brooks of Judah shall run with water. And a fountain shall go out of the house of the LORD and water the river of Shittim.
"Behold, the days will come," saith the LORD, "that the earer shall overtake the reaper, and treader of grapes the sower of seed. And the mountains shall drop sweetness, and the hills shall be earable.
Thou shalt sow, but not reap; thou shalt press out olives, but oil shalt thou not have to anoint thyself withal; thou shalt tread out sweet must, but shall drink no wine.
For like as the thorns that stick together, and as the dry straw, so shall the drunkards be consumed together, even when they be full.
Woe unto him that giveth his neighbour drink, to get him wrathful displeasure for his drunkenness: that he may see his privities. Therefore with shame shalt thou be filled, instead of honour. Drink thou also, till thou slumber withal: for the cup of the LORD's righthand shall compass thee about, and shameful spewing instead of thy worship.
The LORD of Hosts shall defend them, they shall consume and devour, and subdue them with sling stones. They shall drink and rage, as it were through wine. They shall be filled like the basins, and as the horns of the altar.
Ephraim shall be as a giant, and their heart shall be cheerful as through wine: Yea their children shall see it, and be glad, and their heart shall rejoice in the LORD.
Neither do men put new wine into old vessels: for then the vessels break, and the wine runneth out, and the vessels perish: but they pour new wine into new vessels, and so are both saved together."
I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine tree, until that day, when I shall drink it new with you in my father's kingdom."
For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall neither drink wine nor strong drink. And he shall be filled with the holy ghost, even in his mother's womb:
and went to him, and bound up his wounds, and poured in wine, and oil, and put him on his own beast, and brought him to an inn, and made provision for him.
And Jesus was called also, and his disciples, unto the marriage.
After that, descended he into Capernaum, and his mother, and his brethren, and his disciples: But continued not many days there.
He that believeth on the son, hath everlasting life. And he that believeth not the son, shall not see life: but the wrath of God abideth on him."
He that believeth on the son, hath everlasting life. And he that believeth not the son, shall not see life: but the wrath of God abideth on him."
Others mocked them saying, "They are full of new wine."
These are not drunken, as ye suppose - For it is yet but the third hour of the day -
These are not drunken, as ye suppose - For it is yet but the third hour of the day -
It is good neither to eat flesh, neither to drink wine, neither anything, whereby thy brother stumbleth, either falleth, or is made weak.
Is not the cup of blessing which we bless, partaking of the blood of Christ? Is not the bread which we break, partaking of the body of Christ?
not drunken, no fighter, not given to filthy lucre: but gentle, abhorring fighting, abhorring covetousness,
Likewise must the deacons be honest, not double tongued, not given unto much drinking, neither unto filthy lucre:
Drink no longer water, but use a little wine, for thy stomach's sake, and thine often diseases.
And the elder women likewise that they be in such raiment as becometh holiness, not false accusers, not given to much drinking, but teachers of honest things,
the same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured in the cup of his wrath. And he shall be punished in fire and brimstone, before the holy angels, and before the lamb.
Morish
There are several Hebrew words translated wine, and though various expressions are attached to it as 'sweet,' 'new,' 'strong,' 'good,' 'mixed,' 'spiced,' 'on the lees,' all are wine; and the wine was intoxicating, as seen already in the days of Noah. Ge 9:21. Intemperance is the abuse of it, and against such abuse there are abundant protests and warnings in the scripture. Wine is mentioned with corn and oil, among the good gifts wherewith God would bless His earthly people. De 7:13; Ps 104:15. It was daily offered in the temple as a drink offering. Nu 28:7.
Wine was created by the Lord in His first recorded miracle. Joh 2:3-10. He was blasphemously spoken of as a wine-bibber; and He said at the last Passover, "I will drink no more of the fruit of the vine, until that day that I drink it new in the kingdom of God." Mr 14:25. He also instituted the Lord's Supper with the cup of wine. Paul recommended Timothy to take a little wine for his frequent sickness; and a bishop must not be given to much wine. There is therefore adequate evidence that wine is regarded as a beneficent gift of God, of which man may make a moderate use. If, however, a man has no power over his appetite, doubtless he had better abstain from wine altogether. Drunkards shall not inherit the kingdom of God. 1Co 6:10.
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and drank of the wine and was drunk, and lay uncovered in the midst of his tent.
And the drink offering of the same: the fourth part of a hin unto one lamb, and pour the drink offering in the holy place, to be good drink unto the LORD.
and will love thee, bless thee and multiply thee: he will bless the fruit of thy womb and the fruit of thy field, thy corn, thy wine and thy oil, the fruit of thine oxen and the flocks of thy sheep in the land which he sware unto thy fathers to give thee.
Thou bringest food out of the earth: wine to make glad the heart of man, oil to make him a cheerful countenance and bread to strengthen man's heart.
Verily I say unto you, I will drink no more of this fruit of the vine, until that day that I shall drink it new in the kingdom of God."
And when the wine failed, Jesus' mother said unto him, "They have no wine." Jesus said unto her, "Woman, what have I to do with thee? Mine hour is not yet come." read more. His mother said unto the ministers, "Whatsoever he sayeth unto you, do it." And there were standing there, six waterpots of stone after the manner of the purifying of the Jews, containing two or three firkins apiece. And Jesus said unto them, "Fill the water pots with water." And they filled them up to the hard brim. And he said unto them, "Draw out now, and bear unto the governor of the feast." And they bare it. When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was turned unto wine, and knew not whence it was - But the ministers which drew the water knew - He called the bridegroom, and said unto him, "All men at the beginning set forth good wine; And when men be drunk, then that which is worse: But thou hast kept back the good wine until now."
neither thieves, neither the covetous, neither drunkards, neither cursed speakers, neither extortioners shall inherit the kingdom of God.
Smith
Wine.
The manufacture of wine is carried back in the Bible to the age of Noah,
to whom the discovery of the process is apparently, though not explicitly, attributed. The natural history and culture of the vine are described under a separate head. [VINE] The only other plant whose fruit is noticed as having been converted into wine was the pomegranate.
See Vine
In Palestine the vintage takes place in September, and is celebrated with great rejoicing. The ripe fruit was gathered in baskets,
as represented in Egyptian paintings, and was carried to the wine-press. It was then placed in the upper one of the two vats or receptacles of which the winepress was formed, and was subjected to the process of "treading," which has prevailed in all ages in Oriental and south European countries.
Ne 13:15; Job 24:11; Isa 18:7; Jer 25:30; 48:33; Am 9:13; Re 19:15
A certain amount of juice exuded front the ripe fruit from its own pressure before treading commenced. This appears to have been kept separate from the rest of the juice, and to have formed the "sweet wine" noticed in
[See below] The "treading" was effected by one or more men, according to the size of the vat. They encouraged one another by shouts.
Their legs and garments were dyed red with the juice.
The expressed juice escaped by an aperture into the lower vat, or was at once collected in vessels. A hand-press was occasionally used in Egypt, but we have no notice of such an instrument in the Bible. As to the subsequent treatment of the wine we have but little information. Sometimes it was preserved in its unfermented state and drunk as must, but more generally it was bottled off after fermentation and if it were designed to be kept for some time a certain amount of lees was added to give it body.
The wine consequently required to be "refined" or strained previous to being brought to table.
To wine, is attributed the "darkly-flashing eye,"
Authorized Version "red," the unbridled tongue,
the excitement of the spirit,
Pr 31:6; Isa 5:11; Zec 9:15; 10:7
the enchained affections of its votaries,
the perverted judgment,
the indecent exposure,
and the sickness resulting from the heat (chemah, Authorized Version "bottles") of wine.
The allusions to the effects of tirosh are confined to a single passage, but this a most decisive one, viz.
Whoredom and wine (yayin) and new wine (tirosh) take away the heart, where tirosh appears as the climax of engrossing influences, in immediate connection with yayin. It has been disputed whether the Hebrew wine was fermented; but the impression produced on the mind by a general review of the above notices is that the Hebrew words indicating wine refer to fermented, intoxicating wine. The notices of fermentation are not very decisive. A certain amount of fermentation is implied in the distension of the leather bottles when new wine was placed in them, and which was liable to burst old bottles. It is very likely that new wine was preserved in the state of must by placing it in jars or bottles and then burying it in the earth. The mingling that we read of in conjunction with wine may have been designed either to increase or to diminish the strength of the wine, according as spices or water formed the ingredient that was added. The notices chiefly favor the former view; for mingled liquor was prepared for high festivals,
and occasions of excess.
At the same time strength was not the sole object sought; the wine "mingled with myrrh," given to Jesus, was designed to deaden pain,
and the spiced pomegranate wine prepared by the bride,
may well have been of a mild character. In the New Testament the character of the "sweet wine," noticed in
calls for some little remark. It could not be new wine in the proper sense of the term, inasmuch as about eight months must have elapsed between the vintage and the feast of Pentecost. The explanations of the ancient lexicographers rather lead us to infer that its luscious qualities were due, not to its being recently made, but to its being produced from the very purest juice of the grape. There can be little doubt that the wines of palestine varied in quality, and were named after the localities in which they were made. The only wines of which we have special notice belonged to Syria these were the wine of Helbon
and the wine of Lebanon, famed for its aroma.
With regard to the uses of wine in private life there is little to remark. It was produced on occasions of ordinary hospitality,
and at festivals, such as marriages.
Joh 2:3
Under the Mosaic law wine formed the usual drink offering that accompanied the daily sacrifice,
the presentation of the first-fruits,
and other offerings.
Tithe was to be paid of wine, as of other products. The priest was also to receive first-fruits of wine, as of other articles.
De 18:4
comp.
The use of wine at the paschal feast was not enjoined by the law, but had become an established custom, at all events in the post-Babylonian period. The wine was mixed with warm water on these occasions. Hence in the early Christian Church it was usual to mix the sacramental wine with water. (The simple wines of antiquity were incomparably less deadly than the stupefying and ardent beverages of our western nations. The wines of antiquity were more like sirups; many of them were not intoxicant; many more intoxicant in a small degree; and all of them, as a rule, taken only when largely diluted with water. They contained, even undiluted, but 4 or 5 percent of alcohol.--Cannon Farrar.)
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And Noah, being a husbandman, went forth and planted a vineyard, and drank of the wine and was drunk, and lay uncovered in the midst of his tent.
Then Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine. And he being the priest of the most highest God, blessed him, saying,
And I had Pharaoh's cup in my hand, and took of the grapes and wrung them into Pharaoh's cup, and delivered Pharaoh's cup into his hand." And Joseph said unto him, "This is the interpretation of it.
Thy fruits, whether they be dry or moist, see thou keep not back. Thy firstborn son thou shalt give me:
And unto the one lamb take a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine, for a drink offering.
and the meat offering thereof, two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil to be a sacrifice unto the LORD of a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereto, the fourth deal of a hin of wine.
and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering, and offer with the burnt offering or any other offering when it is a lamb.
the first fruits of thy corn, wine and oil, and the first of thy sheep shearing must thou give him.
At the same time saw I some treading wine presses on the Sabbath and bringing in clusters, and asses laden with wine, grapes, figs, and bringing all manner of burdens unto Jerusalem, upon the Sabbath day. And I rebuked them earnestly the same day that they sold the victuals.
The poor are fain to labour in their oil mills, yea and to tread in their wine presses, and yet to suffer thirst.
"O come on your way, eat my bread, and drink my wine, which I have poured out for you.
Wine is a voluptuous thing, and drunkenness causes sedition; whoso delighteth therein, shall never be wise.
Lest they being drunken forget the law, and regard not the cause of the poor, and of all such as be in adversity. Give strong drink unto such as are condemned to death, and wine unto those that mourn:
if I took thee, and brought thee into my mother's house - that thou mightest teach me, and that I might give thee drink of spiced wine and of the sweet sap of my pomegranates.
if I took thee, and brought thee into my mother's house - that thou mightest teach me, and that I might give thee drink of spiced wine and of the sweet sap of my pomegranates.
Woe unto them that rise up early to use themselves in drunkenness, and yet at night are more superfluous with wine.
Woe be unto them that are cunning men to sup out wine and expert to set up drunkenness.
Therefore I mourned for Jazer, and for the vineyards of Sibmah with great sorrow. I poured my tears upon Heshbon and Elealeh, for all their songs were laid down, in their harvest and gathering of their grapes. Mirth and cheer was gone out of the field and vineyards, insomuch that no man was glad nor sung. There went no treader into the winepress, their merry cheer was laid down.
In that time shall there be a present brought to the LORD of Hosts: even a people that is scattered abroad, and robbed of that they had - that same people which hat been fearful from their beginning hitherto; a nation trodden down by little and little, whose land the floods have spoiled. To the place of the name of the LORD of Hosts: even to the mount Zion.
Moreover, the LORD of Hosts shall once prepare a feast for all people upon the hill: A plenteous, costly, pleasant feast, of fat and well-fed beasts, of sweet and most pure things.
Moreover, the LORD of Hosts shall once prepare a feast for all people upon the hill: A plenteous, costly, pleasant feast, of fat and well-fed beasts, of sweet and most pure things.
But they go wrong by the reason of wine, they fall and stagger because of strong drink. Yea even the priests and prophets themselves go amiss, they are drunken with wine, and weak brained through strong drink. They fail in prophesying, and stumble in judgment.
But they go wrong by the reason of wine, they fall and stagger because of strong drink. Yea even the priests and prophets themselves go amiss, they are drunken with wine, and weak brained through strong drink. They fail in prophesying, and stumble in judgment.
Wherefore then is thy clothing red, and thy raiment like his that treadeth in the winepress? "I have trodden the press myself alone, and of all people, there was not one with me. Thus have I trodden down mine enemies in my wrath, and set my feet upon them in my indignation: And their blood sprang upon my clothes, and so have I stained all my raiment.
For thus sayeth the LORD of Hosts, "The residue of Israel shall be gathered, as the remnant of grapes. And therefore turn thine hand again into the basket, like the grape gatherer."
"'Therefore tell them all these words, and say unto them: The LORD shall cry from above, and let his voice be heard from his holy habitation. With a great noise shall he cry from his regal court. He shall give a great voice, like the grape gatherers, and the sound thereof shall be heard unto the ends of the world.
"'Therefore tell them all these words, and say unto them: The LORD shall cry from above, and let his voice be heard from his holy habitation. With a great noise shall he cry from his regal court. He shall give a great voice, like the grape gatherers, and the sound thereof shall be heard unto the ends of the world.
Mirth and cheer shall be taken away from the timber field, and from the whole land of Moab. There shall be no sweet wine in the press, the treader shall have no stomach to cry, yea there shall be none to cry unto him:
Mirth and cheer shall be taken away from the timber field, and from the whole land of Moab. There shall be no sweet wine in the press, the treader shall have no stomach to cry, yea there shall be none to cry unto him:
Damascus also used merchandises with thee, in the best wine and white wool: because thy occupying was so great, and thy wares so many.
Even so goeth it this day with our kings and princes, for they begin to be wood drunken through wine: they use familiarity with such as deceive them.
They that shall turn and sit in his shadow, shall live with corn, and flourish as vines. His renown shall be as the wine of Lebanon.
"Behold, the days will come," saith the LORD, "that the earer shall overtake the reaper, and treader of grapes the sower of seed. And the mountains shall drop sweetness, and the hills shall be earable.
Woe unto him that giveth his neighbour drink, to get him wrathful displeasure for his drunkenness: that he may see his privities. Therefore with shame shalt thou be filled, instead of honour. Drink thou also, till thou slumber withal: for the cup of the LORD's righthand shall compass thee about, and shameful spewing instead of thy worship.
The LORD of Hosts shall defend them, they shall consume and devour, and subdue them with sling stones. They shall drink and rage, as it were through wine. They shall be filled like the basins, and as the horns of the altar.
Ephraim shall be as a giant, and their heart shall be cheerful as through wine: Yea their children shall see it, and be glad, and their heart shall rejoice in the LORD.
And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh, but he received it not.
and out of his mouth went out a sharp sword, that with it he should smite the heathen. And he shall rule them with a rod of iron, and he trod the wine-vat of fierceness and wrath of almighty God.
Watsons
WINE, ???, Ge 19:32, ?????, Mt 9:17, a liquor expressed from grapes. The art of refining wine upon the lees was known to the Jews. The particular process, as it is now practised in the island of Cyprus, is described in Mariti's Travels. The wine is put immediately from the vat into large vases of potters' ware, pointed at the bottom, till they are nearly full, when they are covered tight and buried. At the end of a year what is designed for sale is drawn into wooden casks. The dregs in the vases are put into wooden casks destined to receive wine, with as much of the liquor as is necessary to prevent them from becoming dry before use. Casks thus prepared are very valuable. When the wine a year old is put in, the dregs rise, and make it appear muddy, but afterward they subside and carry down all the other feculences. The dregs are so much valued that they are not sold with the wine in the vase, unless particularly mentioned.
The "new wine," or "must," is mentioned, Isa 49:26; Joe 1:5; 3:18; and Am 9:13, under the name ????. The "mixed wine," ????, Pr 23:30; and in Isa 65:11; rendered "drink- offering," may mean wine made stronger and more inebriating by the addition of higher and more powerful ingredients, such as honey, spices, defrutum, or wine inspissated by boiling it down, myrrh, mandragora, and other strong drugs. Thus the drunkard is properly described as one that seeketh "mixed wine," Pr 23:30, and is mighty to "mingle strong drink," Isa 5:22; and hence the psalmist took that highly poetical and sublime image of the cup of God's wrath, called by Isa 51:17, "the cup of trembling," containing: as St. John expresses it, Re 14:10, pure wine made yet stronger by a mixture of powerful ingredients: "In the hand of Jehovah is a cup, and the wine is turbid; it is full of a mixed liquor, and he poureth out of it," or rather, "he poureth it out of one vessel into another," to mix it perfectly; "verily the dregs thereof," the thickest sediment of the strong ingredients mingled with it, "all the ungodly of the earth shall wring them out, and drink them." "Spiced wine," Song 8:2, was wine rendered more palatable and fragrant with aromatics. This was considered as a great delicacy. Spiced wines were not peculiar to the Jews. Hafiz speaks of wines "richly bitter, richly sweet." The Romans lined their vessels, amphorae, with odorous gums, to give the wine a warm bitter flavour: and the orientals now use the admixture of spices to give their wines a favourite relish. The "wine of Helbon," Eze 27:18, was an excellent kind of wine, known to the ancients by the name of chalibonium vinum. It was made at Damascus; the Persians had planted vineyards there on purpose, says Posidosius, quoted, by Athenaeus. This author says that the kings of Persia used no other wine. Ho 14:7, mentions the wine of Lebanon. The wines from the vineyards on that mount are even to this day in repute; but some think that this may mean a sweet-scented wine, or wine flavoured with fragrant gums.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Come therefore, let us give our father wine to drink, and let us lie with him that we may save seed of our father."
if I took thee, and brought thee into my mother's house - that thou mightest teach me, and that I might give thee drink of spiced wine and of the sweet sap of my pomegranates.
Woe be unto them that are cunning men to sup out wine and expert to set up drunkenness.
And will feed thine enemies with their own flesh, and make them drink of their own blood, as of sweet wine. And all flesh shall know, O Jacob, that I am the LORD - thy Saviour and strong avenger.
Awake, awake, and stand up, O Jerusalem: thou that from the hand of the LORD, hast drunken out the cup of his wrath; thou that hast supped of and sucked out the slumbering cup to the bottom.
But as for you, ye are they that have forsaken the LORD, and forgotten my holy hill. Ye have set up an altar to Fortune, and given rich drink offerings unto the planets.
Damascus also used merchandises with thee, in the best wine and white wool: because thy occupying was so great, and thy wares so many.
They that shall turn and sit in his shadow, shall live with corn, and flourish as vines. His renown shall be as the wine of Lebanon.
Wake up ye drunkards, and weep: mourn all ye wine sippers because of your sweet wine, for it shall be taken away from your mouth.
And at that day the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the brooks of Judah shall run with water. And a fountain shall go out of the house of the LORD and water the river of Shittim.
"Behold, the days will come," saith the LORD, "that the earer shall overtake the reaper, and treader of grapes the sower of seed. And the mountains shall drop sweetness, and the hills shall be earable.
Neither do men put new wine into old vessels: for then the vessels break, and the wine runneth out, and the vessels perish: but they pour new wine into new vessels, and so are both saved together."
the same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured in the cup of his wrath. And he shall be punished in fire and brimstone, before the holy angels, and before the lamb.