Reference: Temple
American
A building hallowed by the special presence of God, and consecrated to his worship. The distinctive idea of a temple, contrasted with all other buildings, is that it is the dwelling-place of a deity; and every heathen temple had its idol, but the true and living God dwelt "between the cherubim" in the Holy of Holies at Jerusalem. Hence, figuratively applied, a temple denotes the church of Christ, 2Th 2:4; Re 3:12; heaven, Ps 11:4; Re 7:15; and the soul of the believer, in which the Holy Spirit dwells, 1Co 3:16-17; 6:19; 2Co 6:16.
After the Lord had instructed David that Jerusalem was the place he had chosen in which to fix his dwelling, that pious prince began to realize his design of preparing a temple for the Lord that might be something appropriate to His divine majesty. But the honor was reserved for Solomon his son and successor, who was to be a peaceful prince, and like David, who had shed much blood in war. David, however, applied himself to collect great quantities of gold, silver, brass, iron, and other materials for this undertaking, 2Sa 1-24; 7; 1Ch 22.
The place chosen for erecting this magnificent structure was Mount Moriah,
Ge 2:2,14; 2Ch 3:1, the summit of which originally was unequal, and its sides irregular; but it was a favorite object of the Jews to level and extend it. The plan and the whole model of this structure was laid by the same divine architect as that of the tabernacle, namely, God himself; and it was built much in the same form as the tabernacle, but was of much larger dimensions. The utensils for the sacred service were also the same as those used in the tabernacle, only several of them were larger, in proportion to the more spacious edifice to which they belonged. The foundations of this magnificent edifice were laid by Solomon, in the year B. C. 1011, about four hundred and eighty years after the exodus and the building of the tabernacle; and it was finished B. C. 1004, having occupied seven years and six months in the building. It was dedicated with peculiar solemnity to the worship of Jehovah, who condescended to make it the place for the special manifestation of his glory, 2Ch 5-7. The front or entrance to the temple was on the eastern side, and consequently facing the Mount of Olives, which commanded a noble prospect of the building. The temple itself, strictly so called, which comprised the Porch, the Sanctuary, and the Holy of Holies, formed only a small part of the sacred precincts, being surrounded by spacious courts, chambers, and other apartments, which were much more extensive than the temple itself. It should be observed that the word temple does not always denote the central edifice itself, but in many passages some of the outer courts are intended.
From the descriptions which are handed down to us of the temple of Solomon, it is utterly impossible to obtain so accurate an idea of its relative parts and their respective proportions, as to furnish such an account as may be deemed satisfactory to the reader. Hence we find no two writers agreeing in their descriptions. The following account may give a general idea of the building.
The Temple itself was seventy cubits long; the Porch being ten cubits, 1Ki 6:3, the Holy place forty cubits, 1Ki 6:17, and the Most Holy place, twenty cubits, 2Ch 3:8. The width of the Porch, Holy, and Most Holy places was thirty cubits, 1Ki 6:2; but the height of the porch was much greater, being no less than one hundred and twenty cubits, 2Ch 3:4, or four times the height of the rest of the building. The Most Holy place was separated from the Sanctuary by an impervious veil, Lu 23:45, and was perhaps wholly dark, 1Ki 8:12, but for the glory of the Lord which filled it. To the north and south sides, and the west end of the Holy and Most Holy places, or all around the edifice, from the back of the porch on one side, to the back of the porch on the other side, certain buildings were attached. These were called side chambers, and consisted of three stories, each five cubits high, 1Ki 6:10, and joined to the wall of the temple without. Thus the three stories of side chambers, when taken together, were fifteen cubits high, and consequently reached exactly to half the height of the side walls and end of the temple; so that there was abundance of space above these for the windows which gave light to the temple, 1Ki 6:4.
Solomon's temple appears to have been surrounded by two main courts: the inner court, that "of the Priests," 1Ki 6:36; 2Ch 4:9; and the outer court, that "of Israel;" these were separated by a "middle wall of partition," with lodges for priests and Levites, for wood, oil, etc., 1Ch 28:12. The ensuing description is applicable to the temple courts in the time of our Lord.
The "court of the Gentiles" was so called because it might be entered by persons of all nations. The chief entrance to it was by the east or Shushan gate, which was the principal gate of the temple. It was the exterior court, and by far the largest of all the courts belonging to the temple, and is said to have covered a space of more than fourteen acres. It entirely surrounded the other courts and the temple itself; and in going up to the temple from its east or outer gate, one would cross first this court, then the court of the Women, then that of Israel, and lastly that of the Priests. This outmost court was separated from the court of the women by a wall three cubits high of lattice work, and having inscriptions on its pillars forbidding Gentiles and unclean persons to pass beyond it, on pain of death, Ac 21:28; Eph 2:13-14. From this court of the Gentiles our Savior drove the persons who had established a cattle-market in it, for the purpose of supplying those with sacrifices who came from a distance, Mt 21:12-13. We must not overlook the beautiful pavement of variegated marble, and the "porches" or covered walks, with columns supported magnificent galleries, with which this court was surrounded. Those on the east, west, and north sides were of the same dimensions; but that on the south was much larger. The porch called Solomon's Joh 10:23; Ac 3:11, was on the east side or front of this court, and was so called because it was built by this prince, upon a high wall rising from the alley of Kidron.
The "court of the Women," called in Scripture the "new court," 2Ch 20:5, and the "outer court," Eze 46:21, separated the court of the Gentiles from the court of Israel, extending along the east side only of the latter. It was called the court of the women because it was their appointed place of worship, beyond which they might not go, unless when they brought a sacrifice, in which case they went forward to the court of Israel. The gate which led into this court from that of the Gentiles, was "the Beautiful gate" of the temple, mentioned in Ac 3:2,10; so called, because the folding doors, lintel, and side-posts were all overlaid with Corinthian brass. The worshipper ascended to its level by a broad flight of steps. It was in this court of the women, called the "treasury," that our Savior delivered his striking discourse to the Jews, related in Joh 8:1-20. It was into this court also that the Pharisee and the publican went to pray, Lu 18:10-13, and hither the lame man followed Peter and John, after he was cured- the court of the women being the ordinary place of worship for those who brought no sacrifice, Ac 3:8. From thence, after prayers, he went back with them, through the "Beautiful gate" of the temple, where he had been lying, and through the sacred fence, into the court of the Gentiles, where, under the eastern piazza, or Solomon's porch, Peter preached Christ crucified. It was in the same court of the women that the Jews laid hold of Paul, when they judged him a violator of the temple by taking Gentiles within the sacred fence, Ac 21:26-29.
The "court of Israel" was separated from the court of the women by a wall thirty-two and a half cubits high on the outside, but on the inside only twenty-five. The reason of which difference was, that as the rock on which the temple stood became higher on advancing westward, the several courts naturally became elevated in proportion. The ascent into this court from the eas
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and in the seventh day God ended his work which he had made and rested in the seventh day from all his works which he had made.
And the name of the third river is Hiddekel, which runneth on the east side of the Assyrians; And the fourth river is Euphrates.
And the house which Solomon built for the LORD was three score cubits long and twenty broad and thirty cubits high. And the porch that was before the body of the temple was twenty cubits long after the measure of the breadth of the house, and ten broad, even at the very end of the house. read more. And he made unto the house, windows to open and shut.
And then he built chambers over all the temple of five cubits height, and coupled the house together with beams of Cedar.
And the first house, that is to say, the body of the temple, was forty cubits long.
And then he built the inner court with three rows of hewed stone and one row of Cedar wood.
Then spake Solomon, "The LORD said that he would dwell in darkness.
And the fifth year of king Rehoboam came Shishak king of Egypt up to Jerusalem, and took away the treasure of the house of the LORD, and the treasure of the king's house and all that was to be had. And he took away the shields of gold which Solomon made.
and the example of all that was in his mind, both of the courts of the house of the LORD and of the treasure houses round about, for the treasures of the house of God and for the treasure of the dedicated gifts,
And the porch at the end was as large as the house breadth, twenty cubits; and the height was a hundred and twenty cubits. And he overlaid it on the inner side with pure gold.
And he made the house most holy, whose length was twenty cubits like to the breadth of the house, and the breadth thereof was also twenty cubits. And he overlaid it with the best gold, that drew to the sum of six hundred talents.
And he reared up the pillars before the temple: one on the righthand and another on the left, and called the right Jachin and the left Boaz.
And Jehoshaphat stood in the congregation of Judah and Jerusalem in the house of the LORD before the new court
And he set porters unto the gates of the house of the LORD, that none that was unclean in any point should enter in.
In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he caused it to be proclaimed throughout all his empire, yea and by writing also, saying, "Thus sayeth Cyrus the king of Persia: 'The LORD God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the land and hath commanded me to build him a house at Jerusalem in Judah. read more. Whosoever now among you is of his people, the LORD his God be with him, and let him go up to Jerusalem in Judah, and build the house of the LORD God of Israel. He is the God that is at Jerusalem. And whosoever remaineth yet in any manner of place, where he is a stranger, let the men of his place help him with silver and gold, with good and cattle, beside that which they willingly offer, for the house of God at Jerusalem.'"
These are the children of the land that went up out of the captivity, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away unto Babylon, and came again unto Jerusalem and in Judah, every one unto his city;
In the second year of their coming unto the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, began Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the remnant of their brethren the priests and the Levites, and all they that were come out of the captivity unto Jerusalem: and appointed the Levites, from twenty years old and above, to see that the work of the house of the LORD went forward. And Jeshua stood with his sons and his brethren, and Kadmiel with his sons and the children of Judah, to further the workmen of the house of God; namely, the children of Henadad with their children and their brethren the Levites. read more. And when the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD, the priests stood in their array, with trumpets, and the Levites, the children of Asaph, with cymbals; to praise the LORD, after the manner of David, king of Israel.
Many also of the old priests and Levites and ancient fathers which had seen the first house - when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes - wept with a loud voice. And many shouted with joy, so that the noise gave a great sound, insomuch that the people could not know the joyful sound for the noise of the weeping among the people: for the people shouted with a loud cry, so that the noise was heard afar off.
And the house was finished the third day of the month Adar, even in the sixth year of the reign of king Darius. And the children of Israel, the priests, the Levites, and the other children of the captivity held the dedication of the house of God with joy,
The LORD is in his holy temple, the LORD's seat is in heaven. His eyes consider the poor, and his eyelids try the children of men.
The length of the porch was twenty cubits, the breadth eleven cubits, and upon steps went men up to it: by the walls also were pillars, on either side one.
So he brought me into the utmost court, round about all the four corners. Behold, in every corner of the forecourt, there was yet a little court.
'Who is left among you, that saw this house in her first beauty? But what think ye now by it? Is it not in your eyes, even as though it were nothing?
Thus the glory of the last house shall be greater than the first, sayeth the LORD of Hosts: and in this place will I give peace, sayeth the LORD of Hosts.'"
Behold, I send my messenger which shall prepare the way before me. And suddenly shall the Lord whom ye seek, come unto his temple, and the messenger of the covenant whom ye desire. Behold, he cometh saith the LORD Sabaoth.
And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that bought and sold in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves. And said to them, "It is written, 'My house shall be called the house of prayer, but ye have made it a den of thieves.'"
and said, "This fellow said, I can destroy the temple of God, and build the it again in three days."
and saying, "Thou that destroyest the temple of God, and buildest it in three days: save thyself. If thou be the son of God, come down from the cross."
And as he went out of the temple, one of his disciples said unto him, "Master, see what stones, and what buildings are here?" And Jesus answered, and said unto him, "Seest thou these great buildings? There shall not be left one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down."
And it came to pass, as he executed the priest's office before God as his course came, according to the custom of the priest's office his lot was to burn incense. And he went into the temple of the Lord, read more. and the whole multitude of the people were without, in their prayers, while the incense was a burning. And there appeared unto him, an angel of the Lord, standing on the right side of the altar of incense.
And the people waited for Zacharias, and marveled that he tarried in the temple. And when he came out, he could not speak unto them. Whereby they perceived, that he had seen some vision in the temple. And he beckoned unto them, and remained speechless.
"Two men went up into the temple to pray: the one a Pharisee, and the other a publican. The Pharisee stood and prayed thus with himself, 'God, I thank thee that I am not as other men are; extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or as this publican. read more. I fast twice in the week. I give tithe of all that I possess.' And the publican stood afar off, and would not lift up his eyes to heaven, but smote his breast, saying, 'God be merciful to me, a sinner.'
and the sun was darkened. And the veil of the temple did rent even through the midst.
Jesus answered, and said unto them, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will rear it up again." Then said the Jews, "Forty six years was this temple a building: and wilt thou raise it up in three days?"
And Jesus went unto Mount Olivet, and early in the morning came again into the temple. And all the people came unto him; And he sat down, and taught them. read more. And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery, and set her in the midst and said unto him, "Master, this woman was taken in adultery, even as the deed was a doing. Moses in the law commanded us that such should be stoned: What sayest thou therefore?" And this they said to tempt him: that they might have, whereof to accuse him. Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground. And while they continued asking him, he lifted himself up; And said unto them, "Let him that is among you without sin, cast the first stone at her." And again he stooped down and wrote on the ground. And as soon as they heard that, they went out one by one, the eldest first. And Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. When Jesus had lifted up himself again, and saw no man, but the woman; He said unto her, "Woman, where are those thine accusers? Hath no man condemned thee?" She said, "No man, Lord." And Jesus said, "Neither do I condemn thee. Go hence and sin no more." Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, "I am the light of the world. He that followeth me shall not walk in darkness: but shall have the light of life." The Pharisees said unto him, "Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true." Jesus answered and said unto them, "Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came and whither I go. But ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go. Ye judge after the flesh. I judge no man. And though I judge, yet is my judgment true. For I am not alone: but I and the father that sent me. It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true. I am one that bear witness of myself, and the father that sent me beareth witness of me." Then said they unto him, "Where is thy father?" Jesus answered, "Ye neither know me, nor yet my father. If ye had known me, ye should have known my father also." These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple. And no man laid hands on him; For his time was not yet come.
And Jesus walked in Solomon's porch.
Then the company, and the Captain, and the ministers of the Jews, took Jesus and bound him,
And there was a certain man halt from his mother's womb, whom they brought and laid at the gate of the temple called Beautiful, to ask his alms of them that entered into the temple.
and he sprang, stood, and also walked, and entered with them into the temple: walking, and leaping, and lauding God.
And they knew him, that it was he which sat and begged at the Beautiful gate of the temple. And they wondered, and were sore astonished at that which had happened unto him. And as the halt which was healed held Peter and John, all the people ran amazed unto them in Solomon's porch.
As they spake unto the people, the priests and the ruler of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
Then went the ruler of the temple with ministers, and brought them without violence. For they feared the people lest they should have been stoned.
and brought forth false witnesses which said, "This man ceaseth not to speak blasphemous words against this holy place and the law,
Then the next day, Paul took the men and purified himself with them, and entered into the temple, declaring that he observed the days of the purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them. And as the seven days should have been ended, the Jews which were of Asia when they saw him in the temple, they moved all the people and laid hands on him crying,
And as the seven days should have been ended, the Jews which were of Asia when they saw him in the temple, they moved all the people and laid hands on him crying, "Men of Israel, help. This is the man that teacheth all men everywhere against the people, and the law, and this place. Moreover also he hath brought Greeks into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place."
"Men of Israel, help. This is the man that teacheth all men everywhere against the people, and the law, and this place. Moreover also he hath brought Greeks into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place."
"Men of Israel, help. This is the man that teacheth all men everywhere against the people, and the law, and this place. Moreover also he hath brought Greeks into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place." For they saw one Trophimus, an Ephesian, with him in the city: Him they supposed Paul had brought into the temple.
For they saw one Trophimus, an Ephesian, with him in the city: Him they supposed Paul had brought into the temple. And all the city was moved, and the people swarmed together. And they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple, and forthwith the doors were shut to. read more. As they went about to kill him, tidings came unto the high captain of the soldiers, that all Jerusalem was moved. Which immediately took soldiers and under-captains, and ran down unto them. When they saw the upper-captain and the soldiers; They left smiting of Paul. Then the captain came near and took him, and commanded him to be bound with two chains, and demanded what he was, and what he had done. And one cried this, another that, among the people. And when he could not know the certainty, for the rage, he commanded him to be carried into the castle. And when he came unto a grece, it fortuned that he was borne of the soldiers for the violence of the people: For the multitude of the people followed after, crying, "Away with him." And as Paul should have been carried into the castle; He said unto the high captain, "May I speak unto thee?" Which said, "Canst thou speak Greek? Art not thou that Egyptian which before these days, made an uproar, and led out into the wilderness four thousand men that were murderers?" But Paul said, "I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus a city in Cilicia, a citizen of no vile city, I beseech thee suffer me to speak unto the people." When he had given him licence, Paul stood on the steps, and beckoned with the hand unto the people, and there was made a great silence. And he spake unto them in the Hebrew tongue, saying:
Are ye not aware that ye are the temple of God, and how that the spirit of God dwelleth in you? If any man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy. For the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are.
Either, know ye not how that your bodies are the temple of the holy ghost, which is in you, whom he have of God, and how that ye are not your own?
But now in Christ Jesus, ye which a while ago were far off, are made nigh by the blood of Christ. For he is our peace, which hath made of both one, and hath broken down the wall in the midst, that was a stop between us,
which is an adversary, and is exalted above all that is called God, or that is worshipped: so that he shall sit as God in the temple of God, and show himself as God.
Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out. And I will write upon him, the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God and I will write upon him my new name.
therefore are they in the presence of the seat of God and serve him day and night in his temple, and he that sitteth in the seat will dwell among them.
Easton
first used of the tabernacle, which is called "the temple of the Lord" (1Sa 1:9). In the New Testament the word is used figuratively of Christ's human body (Joh 2:19,21). Believers are called "the temple of God" (1Co 3:16-17). The Church is designated "an holy temple in the Lord" (Eph 2:21). Heaven is also called a temple (Re 7:5). We read also of the heathen "temple of the great goddess Diana" (Ac 19:27).
This word is generally used in Scripture of the sacred house erected on the summit of Mount Moriah for the worship of God. It is called "the temple" (1Ki 6:17); "the temple [R.V., 'house'] of the Lord" (2Ki 11:10); "thy holy temple" (Ps 79:1); "the house of the Lord" (2Ch 23:5,12); "the house of the God of Jacob" (Isa 2:3); "the house of my glory" (Isa 60:7); an "house of prayer" (Isa 56:7; Mt 21:13); "an house of sacrifice" (2Ch 7:12); "the house of their sanctuary" (2Ch 36:17); "the mountain of the Lord's house" (Isa 2:2); "our holy and our beautiful house" (Isa 64:11); "the holy mount" (Isa 27:13); "the palace for the Lord God" (1Ch 29:1); "the tabernacle of witness" (2Ch 24:6); "Zion" (Ps 74:2; 84:7). Christ calls it "my Father's house" (Joh 2:16).
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Then Hannah rose up after that they had eaten and drunk in Shiloh. And Eli the priest sat upon a stool by one of the side posts of the temple of the LORD.
And the first house, that is to say, the body of the temple, was forty cubits long.
And the priest gave to the captains over hundreds the spears and shields that were king David's and had remained in the temple.
And David the king said unto all the congregation, "God hath specially chosen Solomon my son which is yet young and tender, and the work is great, for the house is not for man, but for the LORD God.
And the LORD appeared to Solomon by night and said to him, "I have heard thy petition and have chosen this place for myself to be a house of sacrifice.
and another third part shall be in the king's house; and another third part shall be in the gate of the foundation, and all the people shall be in the courts of the house of the LORD.
When Athaliah heard the noise of the people running and praising the king, she went among the people into the house of the LORD.
Then the king called Jehoiada that was the chiefest, and said to him, "Why requirest thou not of the Levites to bring in, out of Judah and Jerusalem the sum appointed by Moses the servant of the LORD, and by the congregation of Israel, for the tabernacle of witness?"
And so he brought upon them the king of Chaldeans and slew their young men with the sword in their holy temple, and neither spared young man nor maiden, neither old man, neither so much as him that stooped for age: But gave all into his hand.
O think upon thy congregation, whom thou hast purchased, and redeemed of old; the staff of thine inheritance, whom thou hast redeemed, even this hill of Zion wherein thou dwellest.
{A Psalm of Asaph} O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance; thy holy temple have they defiled, and made Jerusalem a heap of stones.
They will go from strength to strength, and unto the God of Gods appeareth every one of them in Zion.
It shall come to pass in the last days that the mount of the house of the LORD, shall be set in the top of the mountains, and shall be lifted up above the hills: and all nations shall resort thereto. And much people shall go and say: come, and let us go up to the hill of the LORD and unto the house of the God of Jacob: that he may teach us his ways, and that we may walk in his paths. For out of Zion shall come the law, and the word of God out of Jerusalem.
Then shall the great trumpet be blown, so that those which have been destroyed in the Assyrian's land, and those that be scattered abroad in Egypt, shall come and worship the LORD at Jerusalem, upon the holy mount.
Them will I bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and sacrifices shall be accepted upon mine altar. For my house shall be a house of prayer for all people.
All the cattle of Cedar shall be gathered unto thee, the rams Nebaioth shall serve thee, to be offered upon mine altar, which I have chosen, and in the house of my glory which I have garnished.
Our holy house which is our beauty, where our fathers praised thee, is burnt up: yea, all our commodities and pleasures are wasted away.
And said to them, "It is written, 'My house shall be called the house of prayer, but ye have made it a den of thieves.'"
And said unto them that sold doves, "Have these things hence, and make not my father's house a house of merchandise."
Jesus answered, and said unto them, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will rear it up again."
But he spake of the temple of his body.
so that not only this our craft cometh into peril to be set at nought: but that also the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised. And her magnificence should be destroyed, which all Asia, and the world worshippeth."
Are ye not aware that ye are the temple of God, and how that the spirit of God dwelleth in you? If any man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy. For the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are.
in whom every building coupled together, groweth unto a holy temple in the Lord,
Of the tribe of Judah were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Ruben were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Gad were sealed twelve thousand.
Fausets
(See JERUSALEM; TABERNACLE.) David cherished the design of superseding the tent and curtains by a permanent building of stone (2Sa 7:1-2); God praised him for having the design "in his heart" (1Ki 8:18); but as he had been so continually in wars (1Ki 5:3,5), and had "shed blood abundantly" (1Ch 22:8-9; 28:2-3,10), the realization was reserved for Solomon his son. (See SOLOMON.) The building of the temple marks an era in Israel's history, the nation's first permanent settlement in peace and rest, as also the name Solomon," man of peace, implied. The site was the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite, whereon David by Jehovah's command erected an altar and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings (2Sa 24:18-25; 1Ch 21:18-30; 22:1); Jehovah's signifying by fire His acceptance of the sacrifice David regarded as the divine designation of the area for the temple.
This is the house of the Lord God, and this is the altar ... for Israel (2Ch 3:1). "Solomon began to build the house of Jehovah at Jerusalem in Mount Moriah (Hebrew in the mount of the vision of Jehovah) where He appeared unto David in the place that David had prepared in the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite." Warren identifies the "dome of the rock" with Ornan's threshing floor and the temple altar. Solomon's temple was there in the Haram area, but his palace in the S.E. of it, 300 ft. from N. to S., and 600 from E. to W., and Solomon's porch ran along the E. side of the Haram area. The temple was on the boundary line between Judah and Benjamin, and so formed a connecting link between the northern and the southern tribes; almost in the center of the nation. The top of the hill having been leveled, walls of great stones (some 30 ft. long) were built on the sloping sides, and the interval between was occupied by vaults or filled up with earth.
The lower, bevelled stones of the wall still remain; the relics of the eastern wall alone being Solomon's, the southern and western added later, but still belonging to the first temple; the area of the first temple was ultimately a square, 200 yards, a stadium on each side, but in Solomon's time a little less. Warren makes it a rectangle, 900 ft. from E. to W., and 600 from N. to S. "The Lord gave the pattern in writing by His hand upon David," and "by His Spirit," i.e. David wrote the directions under divine inspiration and gave them to Solomon (1Ch 28:11-19). The temple retained the general proportions of the tabernacle doubled; the length 60 cubits (90 ft.), the breadth 20 cubits (30 ft.): 1Ki 6:2; 2Ch 3:3. The height 30 cubits, twice the whole height of the tabernacle (15 cubits) measuring from its roof, but the oracle 20 cubits (double the height of the tabernacle walls, 10 cubits), making perfect cube like that of the tabernacle, which was half, i.e. ten each way; the difference between the height of the oracle and that of the temple, namely, ten cubits, was occupied by the upper rooms mentioned in 2Ch 3:9, overlaid with pure gold.
The temple looked toward the E., having the most holy place in the extreme W. In front was a porch as broad as the temple, 20 cubits, and ten deep; whereas the tabernacle porch was only five cubits deep and ten cubits wide. Thus, the ground plan of the temple was 70 cubits, i.e. 105 ft., or, adding the porch, 80 cubits, by 40 cubits, whereas that of the tabernacle was 40 cubits by 20 cubits, i.e. just half. In 2Ch 3:4 the 120 cubits for the height of the porch is out of all proportion to the height of the temple; either 20 cubits (with Syriac, Arabic and Septuagint) or 30 cubits ought to be read; the omission of mention of the height in 1Ki 6:3 favors the idea that the porch was of the same height as the temple, i.e. 30 cubits. Two brazen pillars (Boaz "strength is in Him", and Jachin "He will establish"), 18 cubits high, with a chapiter of five cubits - 23 cubits in all - stood, not supporting the temple roof, but as monuments before the porch (1Ki 7:15-22). The 35 cubits instead of 18 cubits, in 2Ch 3:15, arose from a copyist's error (confounding yah = 18 with lah = 35 cubits).
The circumference of the pillars was 12 cubits or 18 ft.; the significance of the two pillars was eternal stability and the strength of Jehovah in Israel as representing the kingdom of God on earth, of which the temple was the visible pledge, Jehovah dwelling there in the midst of His people. Solomon (1Ki 6:5-6) built against the wall of the house stories, or an outwork consisting of three stories, round about, i.e. against the longer sides and the hinder wall, and not against the front also, where was the porch. Rebates (three for the three floors of the side stories and one for the roof) or projecting ledges were attached against the temple wall at the point where the lower beams of the different side stories were placed, so that the heads of the beams rested on the rebates and were not inserted in the actual temple wall. As the exterior of the temple wall contracted at each rebate, while the exterior wall of the side chamber was straight, the breadth of the chambers increased each story upward. The lowest was only five broad, the second six, and the third seven; in height they were each five cubits.
Winding stairs led from chamber to chamber upward (1Ki 6:8). The windows (1Ki 6:4) were made "with closed beams" Hebrew, i.e. the lattice work of which could not be opened and closed at will, as in d welling houses (2Ki 13:17). The Chaldee and rabbiical tradition that they were narrower without than within is probable; this would adapt them to admit light and air and let out smoke. They were on the temple side walls in the ten cubits' space whereby the temple walls, being 30 cubits high, out-topped the side stories, 20 cubits high. The tabernacle walls were ten cubits high, and the whole height 15 cubits, i.e. the roof rising five cubits above the internal walls, just half the temple proportions: 20 cubits, 30 cubits, 10 cubits respectively. The stone was made ready in the quarry before it was brought, so that there was neither hammer nor axe nor any tool heard in the house while it was building (1Ki 6:7).
In the Bezetha vast cavern, accidentally discovered by tapping the ground with a stick outside the Damascus gate at Jerusalem, evidences still remain of the marvelous energy with which they executed the work; the galleries, the pillars supporting the roof, and the niches from which the huge blocks were taken, of the same form, size, and material as the stones S.E. of the Haram area. The stone, soft in its native state, becomes hard as marble when exposed to the air. The quarry is 600 ft. long and runs S.E. At the end are blocks half quarried, the marks of the chisel as fresh as on the day the mason ceased; but the temple was completed without them, still they remain attached to their native bed, a type of multitudes, impressed in part, bearing marks of the teacher's chisel, but never incorporated into the spiritual temple.
The masons' Phoenician marks still remain on the stones in this quarry, and the unique beveling of the stones in the temple wall overhanging the ravine corresponds to that in the cave quarry. Compare 1Pe 2:5; the election of the church, the spiritual temple, in God's eternal predestination, before the actual rearing of that temple (Eph 1:4-5; Ro 8:29-30), and the peace that reigns within and above, in contrast to the toil and noise outside in the world below wherein the materials of the spiritual temple are being prepared (Joh 16:33), are the truths symbolized by the mode of rearing Solomon's temple. On the eastern wall at the S.E. angle are the Phoenician red paint marks.
These marks cut into or painted on the bottom rows of the wall at the S.E. corner of the Haram, at a depth of 90 ft. where the foundations rest on the rock itself, are pronounced by Deutseh to have been cut or painted when the stones were first laid in their present places, and to be Phoenician letters, numerals, and masons' quarry signs; some are well known Phoenician characters, others such as occur in the primitive substructions of the Sidon harbour. The interior was lined with cedar of Lebanon, and the floors and ceiling with cypress (berosh; KJV "fir" not
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And the cherubims shall stretch their wings abroad over on high, and cover the mercy seat with their wings, and their faces shall look one to another: even to the mercy seat ward, shall the faces of the cherubims be.
And thou shalt whet them on thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou art at home in thine house and as thou walkest by the way; and when thou liest down and when thou risest up.
They shall teach Jacob thy judgments and Israel thy laws. They shall put cense before thy nose and whole sacrifices upon thine altar.
And when they had brought in the Ark of the LORD, and had set it even in his place, even in the tabernacle that David had prepared for it: David offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before the LORD.
And in process, as the king dwelt in his house after that the LORD had given him rest round about from all his enemies, he said unto Nathan the prophet, "Behold, I dwell in a house of cedar trees, but the Ark of God dwelleth in the midst of curtains."
And Gad came the same day to David and said unto him, "Go up and rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite." And David according to the saying of Gad went up as the LORD commanded. read more. And when Araunah looked and saw the king and his servants coming toward him, he went out: and bowed himself to the king flat on his face to the ground, and said, "Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant?" And David said, "To buy the threshing floor of thee, for to make an altar unto the LORD that the plague may cease from the people." And Araunah said unto the king, "Let my lord the king take and offer what seemeth him good in his eyes: Behold, oxen for sacrifice, and sleds and the other instruments of the oxen for wood." And Araunah the king's friend gave all to the king, and said moreover unto the king, "The LORD thy God accept thee." But the king said unto Araunah, "Not so, but I will buy it of thee at a price, and will not offer sacrifice unto the LORD my God that shall cost me nought." And so David bought the threshing floor, and the oxen for fifty sicles of silver. And David built there an altar unto the LORD and offered burnt sacrifices and peace offerings. And so the LORD was agreed with the land. And the plague ceased from Israel.
"Thou knowest of David my father, how he could not build a house unto the name of the LORD his God for war which he had on every side, until the LORD had put them under his foot.
And therefore I am disposed to build a house unto the name of the LORD my God, as he promised David my father, saying, 'Thy son which I will put upon thy seat for thee, he shall build a house unto my name.'
And the house which Solomon built for the LORD was three score cubits long and twenty broad and thirty cubits high. And the porch that was before the body of the temple was twenty cubits long after the measure of the breadth of the house, and ten broad, even at the very end of the house. read more. And he made unto the house, windows to open and shut. And under the walls of the house he made galleries round about, both round about the temple and also the quyre. And so made sides round about. And the nethermost gallery was five cubits broad and the middle gallery six. And the third, seven cubits broad. For he made the walls without, whereon the beams lay, ever thinner and thinner, so that they were not fastened in the walls of the house. And the house was built of stone made perfect already before it was brought thither, so that there was neither hammer or axe either any tool of iron heard in the house, while it was in building. And the door of the middle gallery was in the end of the house on the right side. And men went up with winding stairs into the middle gallery, and out of the middle into the third.
And all the walls of the house round about, he garnished with work of Cherubs and palm trees and graven flowers, both within in the quyre and without in the temple.
And then he built the inner court with three rows of hewed stone and one row of Cedar wood.
And then he built the inner court with three rows of hewed stone and one row of Cedar wood.
And king Solomon sent and fetched one Hiram out of Tyre, a widow's son of the tribe of Naphtali, his father being of Tyre. Which Hiram was a craftsman in brass, and full of wisdom, understanding and cunning to work all manner of work in brass. And he came to king Solomon and wrought all his work. read more. He cast two pillars of brass of eighteen cubits apiece high, and a string of twelve cubits might compass either of them about. And he made two head pieces of molten brass to set on the tops of the pillars, of five cubits long apiece, with garlands of braided work and hoops of chain work for the head pieces that were on the pillars, seven for the one and seven for the other. And he made the pillars, and for either of the head pieces a garland with two rows of pomegranates to cover them withal. And the head pieces that were on the tops of the pillars were wrought with lilies in the porch the space of four cubits of them. And the pomegranates above and beneath on the wreathen chains that compassed the middle of the head pieces were in number two hundred on either head piece. And he set up the pillars in the porch of the temple, and when he had set up the right pillar, he called the name thereon Jachin, and when he had set up the left pillar, he called the name thereof Boaz. And the tops of the pillars were thus wrought with lilies, and so was their workmanship finished.
And he graved in the plain and also on the ledges, Cherubs, lions and palm trees, everywhere round about.
And in the plain of Jordan did the king cast them: even in the clay of the earth between Succoth and Zarethan.
But the LORD God said unto David my father, 'In that it was in thine heart to build a house for my name, thou didst well, that thou wast so minded.
and the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the standing of his servitors and their apparel, and his butlers and his sacrifice that he offered in the house of the LORD, she was astonished.
and took away the treasure of the house of the LORD, and the treasure of the king's house and all that was to be had. And he took away the shields of gold which Solomon made.
Then Asa took all the silver and gold that was left in the treasure of the house of the LORD, and all the treasure of the king's house and delivered it unto his servants, and sent them to Benhadad the son of Tabrimmon the son of Hezion king of Syria that dwelt at Damascus, saying,
Then he said, "Open a window eastward," and he opened. And Elisha said, "shoot," and he shot. And he said, "The arrow of salvation of the LORD; and the arrow of salvation against the Syrians: For thou shalt beat the Syrians in Aphek till thou have consumed them."
But they put not away the hill altars: for the people offered and burnt cense still in the hill altars. He built the highest door in the house of the LORD.
He put down the horses that the kings of Israel had given to the son at the entering of the house of the LORD, in the chamber of Nathanmelech the chamberlain which was the ruler of the suburbs, and burnt the chariots of the sun with fire.
And the seventh day of the fifth month which was in the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan servant of the king of Babylon and chief Marshal, unto Jerusalem: and burnt the house of the LORD and the king's house and all the houses of Jerusalem, and all the great houses burnt he with fire.
But the word of the LORD came to me, saying, 'Thou hast shed much blood, and hast made many battles. Thou shalt not build a house for my name, for thou hast shed much blood to the earth in my sight. Behold, a son shall be born thee which shall be a man of rest, for I will give him rest from all his enemies round about. And his name shall be Solomon: for I will send rest and peace upon Israel in his days.
And king David stood upon his feet and said, "Hear me, my brethren and my people: I had in mine heart to build a house of rest for the Ark of the Covenant of the LORD, and a footstool for our God, and had made ready to build. But God said to me, 'Thou shalt not build a house for my name, because thou art a man of war and hast shed blood.'
Take heed now, for the LORD hath chosen thee, to build a house of thy sanctuary. Be strong and do it." And David gave Solomon his son the pattern of the porch and of the houses that belonged thereto, and of the storehouses, upper chambers, innermore parlors and of the house of the mercy seat: read more. and the example of all that was in his mind, both of the courts of the house of the LORD and of the treasure houses round about, for the treasures of the house of God and for the treasure of the dedicated gifts, and of the companies of the priests and Levites that waited by course, and of all workmanship, that should serve for the house of the LORD, and for all vessels that should serve in the house of the LORD. And appointed him what weight of gold should serve for things of gold throughout all vessels for whatsoever use it served: and what weight of silver should suffice for all manner of vessels of silver, for whatsoever purpose they served. And the weight of the golden candlesticks and of their lamps of gold, the weight for every candlestick and for their lamps. And for the candlesticks of silver by weight, both for the candlestick and also for her lamps according to the office of every candlestick. And the weight of gold for the tables of shewbread, table by table: and likewise silver for the tables of silver. And for flesh hooks, basins and drinking pots of pure gold. And for cups of gold by weight, cup by cup. And for cups of silver by weight, cup by cup. And for the altar of cense of tried gold by weight. And the similitude of the seat of the Cherubs that stretched out their wings and covered the Ark of the Covenant of the LORD. "All was given me by writing of the hand of the LORD, which made me understand all the workmanship of the pattern."
And David the king said unto all the congregation, "God hath specially chosen Solomon my son which is yet young and tender, and the work is great, for the house is not for man, but for the LORD God.
And Solomon numbered all the strangers that were in the land of Israel, after the time his father David had numbered them. And they were found a hundred and eighty thousand and six hundred.
And Solomon began to build the house of the LORD at Jerusalem in mount Moriah, which was showed David his father when he prepared a place in the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite.
And the porch at the end was as large as the house breadth, twenty cubits; and the height was a hundred and twenty cubits. And he overlaid it on the inner side with pure gold.
And the porch at the end was as large as the house breadth, twenty cubits; and the height was a hundred and twenty cubits. And he overlaid it on the inner side with pure gold.
And the weight of the nails of gold was thereto fifty sicles. And he overlaid the upper chambers with gold.
So that the wings of the said Cherubs raught twenty cubits. And they stood on their feet and looked inwards.
And he made before the house two pillars of thirty five cubits long. And the head that was above on the top of one of them was five cubits.
And he made an altar of brass twenty cubits long and twenty cubits broad and ten cubits high.
And the thickest of it was a handbreadth, and the brim like the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies. And it received and held the thousand baths.
And he made also ten tables and put them in the temple: five on the right side and five on the left. And he made a hundred basins of gold. And he made the court of the priests, and the great court and doors to it: and overlaid the doors of them with brass.
And Solomon made all the vessels that pertained to the house of God: the golden altar and the tables with the shewbread upon them,
and another third part shall be in the king's house; and another third part shall be in the gate of the foundation, and all the people shall be in the courts of the house of the LORD.
So that all the vessels both of gold and silver, were five thousand and four hundred. Sheshbazzar brought them all up, with them that came up out of the captivity of Babylon unto Jerusalem.
"In the first year of king Cyrus, commanded the same king Cyrus to build the house of God at Jerusalem, in the place where the sacrifice is made, and to lay the foundation to bear threescore cubits height, threescore cubits breadth,
"In the first year of king Cyrus, commanded the same king Cyrus to build the house of God at Jerusalem, in the place where the sacrifice is made, and to lay the foundation to bear threescore cubits height, threescore cubits breadth,
"In the first year of king Cyrus, commanded the same king Cyrus to build the house of God at Jerusalem, in the place where the sacrifice is made, and to lay the foundation to bear threescore cubits height, threescore cubits breadth, and three walls of all maner of stones, and one wall of timber, and the expenses shall be given of the king's house. read more. And the gold and silver vessels of the house of God - which Nebuchadnezzar took out of the temple at Jerusalem, and brought unto Babylon - shall be restored again, that they may be brought unto the temple at Jerusalem to their place into the house of God." "Get you far from them therefore, thou Tattenai, captain beyond the water, and Shetharbozenai, and your counselors, which are beyond the water, get ye away from them. Let them work in the house of God, that the captain of the Jews and their Elders may build the house of God in his place. I have commanded also, what shall be done to the Elders of Judah for the building of the house of God, that there shall diligently be taken of the king's goods, even of the rents beyond the water, and given unto the men, and that they be not hindered. And if they have need of calves, lambs, or goats, for the burnt offering unto the God of heaven, wheat, salt, wine and oil, after the custom of the priests at Jerusalem, there shall be given them daily as is according: and see that this be done without fault, that they may offer sweet savours unto the God of heaven; and pray for the king's life, and for his children. This commandment have I given. And what man soever he be that altereth these words, there shall a beam be taken from his house, and set up, and he shall be hanged thereon, and his house shall be made a dunghill for the deed. But the God that dwelleth in heaven, destroy all kings and people that put to their hand to alter and to break down the house of God at Jerusalem. I, Darius, have commanded, that this be diligently done."
toward the Wellgate, and they went up over against them upon the steps of the city of David at the going up of the wall to the house of David, unto the Watergate Eastward.
toward the Wellgate, and they went up over against them upon the steps of the city of David at the going up of the wall to the house of David, unto the Watergate Eastward.
Moreover, when ye be increased and multiplied in the land, then, sayeth the LORD, there shall no more boast be made of the ark of the LORD's Covenant: No man shall think upon it, neither shall any man make mention of it: for from thenceforth it shall neither be visited, nor honored with gifts. Then shall Jerusalem be called the LORD's seat, and all Heathen shall be gathered unto it, for the name of the LORD's sake, which shall be set up at Jerusalem. And from that time forth, they shall follow no more the imagination of their own froward heart.
Then read Baruch the words of Jeremiah out of the book within the house of the LORD, out of the treasury of Gemariah the son of Shaphan the Scribe, which is beside the higher loft of the new door of the LORD's house: that all the people might hear.
And he said unto me, "Thou son of man, O lift up thine eyes, and look toward the north." Then lift I up mine eyes toward the north, and behold: beside the port northward, there was an altar made unto the image of provocation in the very entering in.
Moreover, the spirit of the LORD lift me up, and brought me unto the east port of the LORD's house. And behold, there were twenty five men under the door: among whom I saw Jaazaniah the son of Azzur, and Pelatiah the son of Benaiah, the rulers of the people.
So the glory of the LORD went up from the midst of the city, and stood upon the mount of the city toward the east.
He measured the length and breadth thereof, which were every one twenty cubits, before the temple. And he said unto me, "This is the holiest of all."
He measured the east side with the measuring rod, which round about contained five hundred measuring rods.
So he measured all the four sides where there went a wall round about five hundred measuring rods long, and as broad also which separated the holy from the unholy.
So he brought me to the door, that turneth toward the east. Behold, then came the glory of the God of Israel from out of the east, whose voice was like a great noise of waters, and the earth was lightened with his glory.
Behold, then came the glory of the God of Israel from out of the east, whose voice was like a great noise of waters, and the earth was lightened with his glory. His sight to look upon was like the first, that I saw, when I went in, what time as the city should have been destroyed: and like the vision that I saw by the water of Chebar. Then fell I upon my face,
His sight to look upon was like the first, that I saw, when I went in, what time as the city should have been destroyed: and like the vision that I saw by the water of Chebar. Then fell I upon my face, but the glory of the LORD came into the house through the East door.
but the glory of the LORD came into the house through the East door. So a wind took me up, and brought me into the innermore court: and behold, the house was full of the glory of the LORD. read more. I heard one speaking unto me out of the house, and there stood one by me, that said unto me, "O thou son of man, this room is my seat, and the place of my footsteps: whereas I will dwell among the children of Israel for evermore - so that the house of Israel shall no more defile my holy name, neither they, nor their kings, through their whoredom; through their high places; and through the dead bodies of their kings, which have builded their thresholds in manner hard upon my thresholds, and their posts almost at my posts: so that there is but a bare wall betwixt me and them. Thus have they defiled my holy name with their abominations, that they have committed. Wherefore I have destroyed them in my wrath: But now they shall put away their whoredom, and the dead bodies of their kings out of my sight, that I may dwell among them for evermore. Therefore, O thou son of man, show thou the household of Israel a temple, that they may be ashamed of their wickedness, and measure themselves an example thereat. And when they be ashamed of all their works, then show them the form and fashion of the temple: the coming in, the going out, all the manner and description thereof, yea all the uses and ordinances of it, that they may keep and fulfill all the fashions and customs thereof." This is the description of the house: Above upon the mount round about all the corners, it shall be the holiest of all. Behold, that is the description and fashion of the house.
In the days of these kings, shall the God of heaven set up an everlasting kingdom, which shall not perish, and his kingdom shall not be given over to another people. Yea, the same shall break and destroy all these kingdoms, but it shall endure forever.
"At that time will I build again the tabernacle of David, that is fallen down, and hedge up his gaps. And look: what is broken, I shall repair it. Yea, I shall build it again, as it was a fore time, that they may possess the remnant of Edom, yea and all such people as call upon my name with them," sayeth the LORD, which doth these things.
'Who is left among you, that saw this house in her first beauty? But what think ye now by it? Is it not in your eyes, even as though it were nothing?
Thus the glory of the last house shall be greater than the first, sayeth the LORD of Hosts: and in this place will I give peace, sayeth the LORD of Hosts.'"
Thus the glory of the last house shall be greater than the first, sayeth the LORD of Hosts: and in this place will I give peace, sayeth the LORD of Hosts.'"
Thus the glory of the last house shall be greater than the first, sayeth the LORD of Hosts: and in this place will I give peace, sayeth the LORD of Hosts.'"
Then shall his feet stand upon the mount Olivet, that lieth upon the east side of Jerusalem. And the mount Olivet shall cleave in two, eastward and westward, so that there shall be a great valley: and the half mount shall remove toward the north, and the other half toward the south.
Behold, I send my messenger which shall prepare the way before me. And suddenly shall the Lord whom ye seek, come unto his temple, and the messenger of the covenant whom ye desire. Behold, he cometh saith the LORD Sabaoth.
But I say unto you, that here is one greater than the temple.
The same time said Jesus to the multitude, "Ye be come out as it were unto a thief, with swords and staves for to take me: daily I sat among you teaching in the temple, and ye took me not.
Behold, your habitation shall be left unto you desolate. For I tell you, Ye shall not see me until the time come that ye shall say, 'Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.'"
Behold, your habitation shall be left unto you desolate. For I tell you, Ye shall not see me until the time come that ye shall say, 'Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.'"
saying, "Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: Peace in heaven, and glory in the highest."
And they shall fall on the edge of the sword. And they shall be led captive into all nations. And Jerusalem shall be trodden underfoot of the gentiles, until the time of the gentiles be fulfilled.
Then said the Jews, "Forty six years was this temple a building: and wilt thou raise it up in three days?"
And it was at Jerusalem, the feast of the dedication, and it was the winter:
These words have I spoken unto you that in me ye might have peace. For in the world shall ye have tribulation: but be of good cheer, I have overcome the world."
When they were come together, they asked of him, saying, "Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel?" And he said unto them, "It is not for you to know the times, or the seasons which the father hath put in his own power:
And when he had spoken these things, while they beheld, he was taken up: and a cloud received him up out of their sight. And while they looked steadfastly up to heaven, as he went; behold, two men stood by them in white apparel, read more. which also said, "Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye gazing up into heaven? This same Jesus which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come, even as ye have seen him go into heaven." Then returned they unto Jerusalem from Mount Olivet, which is nigh to Jerusalem, containing a Sabbath day's journey.
And there was a certain man halt from his mother's womb, whom they brought and laid at the gate of the temple called Beautiful, to ask his alms of them that entered into the temple.
And as the halt which was healed held Peter and John, all the people ran amazed unto them in Solomon's porch.
'After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David which is fallen down, and that which is fallen in decay of it will I build again and I will set it up,
"Men of Israel, help. This is the man that teacheth all men everywhere against the people, and the law, and this place. Moreover also he hath brought Greeks into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place."
For those which he knew before, he also ordained before, that they should be like fashioned unto the shape of his son, that he might be the first begotten son among many brethren. Moreover, which he appointed before, them he also called; and which he called, them also he justified; which he justified, them he also glorified.
Then cometh the end, when he hath delivered up the kingdom to God the father, when he hath put down all rule, authority, and power.
When all things are subdued unto him: then shall the son also himself be subject unto him that put all things under him, that God may be all in all things.
For it is God that commanded the light to shine out of darkness, which hath shined in our hearts, for to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
according as he had chosen us in him through love, before the foundation of the world was laid, that we should be saints, and without blame before him, through love. And ordained us before unto himself that we should be chosen before, through Jesus Christ, to be heirs unto himself according to the pleasure of his will,
For he is our peace, which hath made of both one, and hath broken down the wall in the midst, that was a stop between us,
but in these last days he hath spoken unto us by his son, whom he hath made heir of all things: by whom also he made the world.
Wherefore if we receive a kingdom which is not moved, we have grace, whereby we may serve God and please him with reverence and godly fear.
and ye, as living stones, are made a spiritual house, and a holy priesthood, for to offer up spiritual sacrifice, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.
And he carried me away in the spirit to a great and a high mountain, and he showed me the great city, holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God, having the brightness of God. And her shining was like unto a stone most precious, even a Jasper clear as Crystal: read more. and had walls great and high, and had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels: and names written, which are the twelve tribes of Israel:
And the city was built four square, and the length was as large as the breadth of it, and he measured the city with the reed twelve thousand furlongs: and the length, and the breadth, and the height of it, were equal.
And there was no temple therein. For the Lord God almighty and the lamb are the temple of it.
Hastings
1. The first Temple mentioned in connexion with the worship of Jahweh is that of Shiloh (1Sa 1:9), 'where the ark of God was' (1Sa 3:3) in the period of the Judges, under the guardianship of Eli and his sons. It was evidently destroyed by the Philistines after their decisive victory which resulted in the capture of the ark, as recorded in 1Sa 4:10 ff.; for the descendants of Eli are found, a generation afterwards, acting as priests of a temple at Nob (1Sa 21:1 ff., 1Sa 22:9 ff.). With the capture of Jerusalem by David, and the transference thither of the ark, a new political and religious centre was provided for the tribes of Israel.
2. Solomon's Temple.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
The Earth was void and empty and darkness was upon the deep, and the spirit of God moved upon the water.
But and if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, see thou make it not of hewed stone, for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou shalt pollute it.
Then Hannah rose up after that they had eaten and drunk in Shiloh. And Eli the priest sat upon a stool by one of the side posts of the temple of the LORD.
And before the lamp of God went out Samuel laid him down to sleep, in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was.
And the Philistines fought, and Israel was put to the worse and fled, every man into his tent. And there was a mighty great slaughter, so that there were overthrown of Israel, thirty thousand footmen.
Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest. And Ahimelech was astonished at his coming, and said unto him, "Why cometh thou thyself alone, and no man with thee?"
Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which had the oversight of the servants of Saul, and said, "I saw the son of Jesse, when he came to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub,
he said unto Nathan the prophet, "Behold, I dwell in a house of cedar trees, but the Ark of God dwelleth in the midst of curtains."
"Go and tell my servant David, thus sayeth the LORD, 'Shalt thou go build me a house for the LORD to dwell in?
And when the Angel stretched out his hand unto Jerusalem to have destroyed it, the LORD had compassion to do that evil, and said to the Angel that destroyed the people, "It is sufficient: let thine hand cease." And the Angel was at the threshing place of Araunah the Jebusite.
And the house which Solomon built for the LORD was three score cubits long and twenty broad and thirty cubits high.
And the house which Solomon built for the LORD was three score cubits long and twenty broad and thirty cubits high.
And the house which Solomon built for the LORD was three score cubits long and twenty broad and thirty cubits high.
And the nethermost gallery was five cubits broad and the middle gallery six. And the third, seven cubits broad. For he made the walls without, whereon the beams lay, ever thinner and thinner, so that they were not fastened in the walls of the house.
And so he built the house and finished it, and roofed it with beams of Cedar timber made hollow and joined together.
and sealed the walls of the house within, with ribs of Cedar tree: even from the pavement unto the roof did he seal it within, and boarded the floor of the house with planks of fir.
and sealed the walls of the house within, with ribs of Cedar tree: even from the pavement unto the roof did he seal it within, and boarded the floor of the house with planks of fir.
And the Cedar of the house within was carved with knops and graven with flowers, and all was Cedar timber, so that no stone was seen.
And the quyre was twenty cubits long, and twenty in breadth and twenty in height. And he sealed it with pure gold, and boarded the altar with Cedar.
And the quyre was twenty cubits long, and twenty in breadth and twenty in height. And he sealed it with pure gold, and boarded the altar with Cedar.
And the quyre was twenty cubits long, and twenty in breadth and twenty in height. And he sealed it with pure gold, and boarded the altar with Cedar.
And within the quyre he made two Cherubims of olive tree, ten cubits high apiece, and every wing five cubits long: so that from the uttermost part of one wing unto the uttermost part of the other were ten cubits.
and every wing five cubits long: so that from the uttermost part of one wing unto the uttermost part of the other were ten cubits. And the other Cherub was ten cubits high also: so that both the Cherubs were of one measure and one size. read more. The height of the one Cherub was ten cubits, and so was it of the other. And he put the Cherubs in the middle of the inner house. And the Cherubs stretched their wings, so that the one wing of the one touched the one wall, and the one wing of the other touched the other wall. And the other two wings of them touched one another in the midst of the house.
And he put the Cherubs in the middle of the inner house. And the Cherubs stretched their wings, so that the one wing of the one touched the one wall, and the one wing of the other touched the other wall. And the other two wings of them touched one another in the midst of the house. And he overlaid the Cherubs with gold.
And he overlaid the Cherubs with gold. And all the walls of the house round about, he garnished with work of Cherubs and palm trees and graven flowers, both within in the quyre and without in the temple.
And all the walls of the house round about, he garnished with work of Cherubs and palm trees and graven flowers, both within in the quyre and without in the temple. And the floor of the house he covered with gold both within in the quyre and also without in the temple.
And the floor of the house he covered with gold both within in the quyre and also without in the temple. And in the entering of the quyre he made two doors of olive tree, with the upper and two side posts five square.
And in the entering of the quyre he made two doors of olive tree, with the upper and two side posts five square.
And in the entering of the quyre he made two doors of olive tree, with the upper and two side posts five square.
And in like manner, unto the door of the temple, he made posts of olive tree four square, and two doors of fir tree, and either door with two folding leaves read more. and graved thereon Cherubs, Palm trees and flowers, and covered them with gold made plain by a ruler. And then he built the inner court with three rows of hewed stone and one row of Cedar wood. In the fourth year of his reign was the foundation of the house of the LORD laid, even in the month Ziv,
And then Solomon made a house for Pharaoh's daughter which he had taken to wife, like unto that porch. And all these things were of rich stones hewed after a measure and sawed with saws within and without, even from the foundation unto that whereon the beams were laid, and on the outside thereto, toward the great court.
And likewise was it in the inner court of the house of the LORD and of the porch of the temple.
And likewise was it in the inner court of the house of the LORD and of the porch of the temple.
And the pomegranates above and beneath on the wreathen chains that compassed the middle of the head pieces were in number two hundred on either head piece. And he set up the pillars in the porch of the temple, and when he had set up the right pillar, he called the name thereon Jachin, and when he had set up the left pillar, he called the name thereof Boaz. read more. And the tops of the pillars were thus wrought with lilies, and so was their workmanship finished. Then he cast a sea of brass, ten cubits wide from brim to brim and round in compass, and five cubits high. And a string of thirty cubits might compass it about, and under the brim of it as it were apples compassed and embraced the sea of ten cubits wide in two rows cast with it when it was cast. And it stood on twelve oxen: of which three looked North, three West, three South, and three East, and the sea on high upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward. And it was a hand breadth thick, and the brim wrought like the brim of a cup with flowers of lilies. And it contained two thousand baths. And he made ten bottoms of brass, four cubits long and four cubits broad apiece, and three high. And the works of the bottoms was on this manner that the sides were as it were flat boards between the ledges. And on the flat boards between the ledges were lions, oxen and Cherubs. And upon the ledges that were above and beneath the lions and oxen, was joined pendant work. And every bottom had four brazen wheels, whose axletrees were also of brass. And in the four corners were undersetters under the laver cast, each over against his fellow. And the stalk of the laver was in the middle of the bottom one cubit high, and a cubit and a half round, and it had knops thereon in the bare places which were foursquare not round. And under the sides were four wheels and their axletrees joined fast to the bottom. And the height of every wheel was a cubit and a half. And the workmanship of the wheels was like the work of a chariot wheel. And the axletrees, the navels, spokes and shafts were all molten. And the four undersetters in the four corners were of the very bottoms. And under the stalk of the laver in the midst of the bottom was there a round foot of half a cubit high. And thereon, plain places and ledges of the self. And he graved in the plain and also on the ledges, Cherubs, lions and palm trees, everywhere round about. And on this manner he made the ten bottoms cast work: all of one measure and one size. Then he made ten lavers of brass containing forty baths apiece, and they were of four cubits apiece, for every one of the bottoms a laver. And he put five of those bottoms on the right corner of the temple, and other five on the left: And put the sea on the right corner of the temple Eastward and toward the South.
And he put five of those bottoms on the right corner of the temple, and other five on the left: And put the sea on the right corner of the temple Eastward and toward the South.
And Solomon made all the vessels that pertained unto the house of the LORD: the Altar of gold, and the table of gold whereon the shewbread was put. And five candlesticks, for the right side, and as many for the left, before the quyre, of pure gold: with flowers, lamps, and snuffers of gold;
And five candlesticks, for the right side, and as many for the left, before the quyre, of pure gold: with flowers, lamps, and snuffers of gold; and bowls, Psalteries, basins, spoons and fire pans of pure gold; and hinges of gold both for the doors of the quyre, the place most holy, and for the doors of the temple also. read more. And so was ended all the work that king Solomon made for the house of the LORD. And then Solomon brought in the things which David his father had dedicated in silver, gold and other vessels, and put them to the treasure of the house of the LORD.
And king Solomon and all the congregation of Israel that were assembled, and were with him before the Ark, did offer sheep and oxen that could not be told nor numbered for multitude.
Then hear thou up to heaven and be merciful unto the sin of thy people Israel, and bring thee again unto the land which thou gavest unto their fathers.
And the same day the king hallowed the middle of the court that is before the house of the LORD: for there he offered burnt offerings and meat offerings and the fat of the peace offerings, because the brazen altar that was before the LORD was too little to receive the burnt offerings and meat offerings and the fat of the peace offerings.
And thrice a year did Solomon offer burnt offerings and peace offerings upon the altar which he had built unto the LORD, to burn the fat thereon: which altar is before the LORD. And when king Solomon had made the house perfect,
and took the rulers over hundreds and the captains and the guard and all the people of the land. And they brought the king from the house of the LORD and went the way of the gate of the guard of the king's house. And he sat him down on the seat of the kings.
And king Ahaz went against Tiglathpileser king of Assyria, to Damascus. And when he saw a certain altar that was at Damascus, he sent to Uriah the priest the pattern of the altar and the fashion of all the workmanship thereof. And Uriah the priest made an altar in all points like to the pattern which king Ahaz had sent from Damascus, and had finished it by the king's coming from Damascus. read more. And when the king was come from Damascus and saw the altar, he went to it and offered thereon. And he burnt his burnt offering, and sprinkled the blood of his peace offering, and poured his drink offering and sprinkled the blood of his peace offerings upon the said altar.
And he burnt his burnt offering, and sprinkled the blood of his peace offering, and poured his drink offering and sprinkled the blood of his peace offerings upon the said altar. And the brazen altar that was before the LORD, he fetched from before the house, from between the altar and the house of the LORD, and put it on the north side of the said altar. read more. And the king commanded Uriah the Priest, saying, "Upon the great altar set on fire, in the morning, burnt offerings; and in the evening, meat offerings and the king's burnt sacrifice and his meat offering, and the burnt offerings of all the people of the land and their meat offerings and their drink offerings, and pour thereon all the blood of all manner of offerings. But the brazen altar shall be for me, to enquire with." And Uriah the priest did all things as king Ahaz commanded him.
And the said season Hezekiah rent off the doors of the temple of the LORD and the pillars, which the said Hezekiah king of Judah covered over, and gave them to the king of Assyria.
For unto the time they had watched at the king's gate eastward in the tents of the children of Levi by companies.
And David said, "This is the house of the LORD God, and this the burnt offering altar for Israel."
For David thus thought, "Solomon my son is young and tender, and the house that is to be built for the LORD, must exceed in greatness, that it may be spoken of and praised in all lands. I will therefore make ordinance for it." And so David prepared abundance before his death.
And Solomon began to build the house of the LORD at Jerusalem in mount Moriah, which was showed David his father when he prepared a place in the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite.
And this is the foundation of Solomon in building the house of God. The length was three score cubits after the old cubit, and the breadth twenty.
So that the wings of the said Cherubs raught twenty cubits. And they stood on their feet and looked inwards.
And he made an altar of brass twenty cubits long and twenty cubits broad and ten cubits high.
And he made ten lavers: and put five on the right hand and five on the left, to wash with all. And in them they thrust the flesh of the burnt offerings. But the sea was for the priests to wash in.
And the altar set they upon his sockets - for there was a fearfulness among them because of the nations and the lands - and offered burnt offerings thereon unto the LORD, in the morning and at evening.
In the second year of their coming unto the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, began Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the remnant of their brethren the priests and the Levites, and all they that were come out of the captivity unto Jerusalem: and appointed the Levites, from twenty years old and above, to see that the work of the house of the LORD went forward.
he smote Jeremiah, and put him in the stocks, that are by the high gate of Benjamin, in the house of the LORD.
The words which the LORD spake unto Jeremiah, in the reign of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, are these:
Then read Baruch the words of Jeremiah out of the book within the house of the LORD, out of the treasury of Gemariah the son of Shaphan the Scribe, which is beside the higher loft of the new door of the LORD's house: that all the people might hear.
The Chaldeans also brake the brazen pillars that were in the house of the LORD; yea, the seat and the brazen laver that was in the house of the LORD; and carried all the metal of them unto Babylon.
with the basins, coal pans, sprinklers, pots, candlesticks, spoons and cups; whereof some were of gold, and some of silver. The chief Captain took also the two pillars, the laver, and the twelve brazen bullocks that stood under the seat, which king Solomon made in the house of the LORD: and all the vessel contained so much metal, that it might not be weighed.
And then said he unto me, "Stand up upon thy feet, O thou son of man, and I will talk with thee."
And he said, "Behold, thou son of man: I will send thee to the children of Israel, to those renegades and obstinate people - for they have taken part against me, and are run away from me: both they and their forefathers unto this day.
This similitude stretched out a hand, and took me by the hairy locks of my head, and the spirit lift me up betwixt heaven and earth: And God brought me in a vision to Jerusalem, into the court of the inward port that lieth toward the north. There stood an image, with whom he that hath all things in his power was very wroth.
Then came there six men out of the street of the upper port toward the north, and every man a weapon in his hand to the slaughter. There was one amongst them, that had on him a linen raiment, and a writer's inkhorn by his side. These went in, and stood beside the brazen altar:
Behold, there was a wall on the outside round about the house: the measuring rod that he had in his hand, was six cubits long and a span. So he measured the breadth of the building, which was one measuring rod, and the height also one measuring rod.
So he brought me into the innermore court, through the door of the south side: which he measured, and it had the measure afore said.
And he brought me to the fore entry of the house, and measured the walls by the entry door: which were five cubits long on either side. The thickness also of the door on either side, was three cubits. The length of the porch was twenty cubits, the breadth eleven cubits, and upon steps went men up to it: by the walls also were pillars, on either side one.
Then went he in, and measured the door posts, which were two cubits thick: but the door itself was six cubits, and the breadth of the door was seven cubits.
He measured also the wall of the house, which was six cubits. The chambers that stood round about the house, were every one four cubits wide,
that said unto me, "O thou son of man, this room is my seat, and the place of my footsteps: whereas I will dwell among the children of Israel for evermore - so that the house of Israel shall no more defile my holy name, neither they, nor their kings, through their whoredom; through their high places; and through the dead bodies of their kings,
and prophesy no more at Bethel, for it is the king's chapel, and the king's court.
Consider then from this day forth and afore, namely, from the twenty fourth day of the ninth month, unto the day that the foundation of the LORD's temple was laid: Mark it well,
For mark, the day cometh that shall burn as an oven: and all the proud, yea and all such as do wickedness, shall be straw: and the day that is for to come, shall burn them up, sayeth the LORD of Hosts, so that it shall leave them neither root nor branch.
And Jesus walked in Solomon's porch.
And as the halt which was healed held Peter and John, all the people ran amazed unto them in Solomon's porch.
By the hands of the apostles were many signs and wonders showed among the people. And they were all together with one accord in Solomon's porch.
Then the next day, Paul took the men and purified himself with them, and entered into the temple, declaring that he observed the days of the purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them.
Smith
Temple.
There is perhaps no building of the ancient world which has excited so much attention since the time of its destruction as the temple which Solomon built by Herod. Its spoils were considered worthy of forming the principal illustration of one of the most beautiful of Roman triumphal arches, and Justinian's highest architectural ambition was that he might surpass it. Throughout the middle ages it influenced to a considerable degree the forms of Christian churches, and its peculiarities were the watchwords and rallying-points of all associations of builders. When the French expedition to Egypt, int he first years of this century, had made the world familiar with the wonderful architectural remains of that country, every one jumped to the conclusion that Solomon's temple must have been designed after an Egyptian model. The discoveries in Assyria by Botta and Layard have within the last twenty years given an entirely new direction to the researches of the restorers. Unfortunately, however, no Assyrian temple has yet been exhumed of a nature to throw much light on this subject, and we are still forced to have recourse to the later buildings at Persepolis, or to general deductions from the style of the nearly contemporary secular buildings at Nineveh and elsewhere, for such illustrations as are available. THE TEMPLE OF SOLOMON. --It was David who first proposed to replace the tabernacle by a more permanent building, but was forbidden for the reasons assigned by the prophet Nathan,
See Solomon
etc.; and though he collected materials and made arrangements, the execution of the task was left for his son Solomon. (The gold and silver alone accumulated by David are at the lowest reckoned to have amounted to between two and three billion dollars, a sum which can be paralleled from secular history. --Lange.) Solomon, with the assistance of Hiram king of Tyre, commenced this great undertaking int he fourth year of his reign, B.C. 1012, and completed it in seven years, B.C. 1005. (There were 183,000 Jews and strangers employed on it --of Jews 30,000, by rotation 10,000 a month; of Canaanites 153,600, of whom 70,000 were bearers of burdens, 80,000 hewers of wood and stone, and 3600 overseers. The parts were all prepared at a distance from the site of the building, and when they were brought together the whole immense structure was erected without the sound of hammer, axe or any tool of iron.
--Schaff.) The building occupied the site prepared for it by David, which had formerly been the threshing-floor of the Jebusite Ornan or Araunah, on Mount Moriah. The whole area enclosed by the outer walls formed a square of about 600 feet; but the sanctu
See Tabernacle
The places of the two "veils" of the tabernacle were occupied by partitions, in which were folding-doors. The whole interior was lines with woodwork richly carved and overlaid with gold. Indeed, both within and without the building was conspicuously chiefly by the lavish use of the gold of Ophir and Parvaim. It glittered in the morning sun (it has been well said) like the sanctuary of an El Dorado. Above the sacred ark, which was placed, as of old, in the most holy place, were made new cherubim, one pair of whose wings met above the ark, and another pair reached to the walls behind them. In the holy place, besides the altar of incense, which was made of cedar overlaid with gold there were seven golden candlesticks in stead of one, and the table of shew-bread was replaced by ten golden tables, bearing, besides the shew bread, the innumerable golden vessels for the service of the sanctuary. The outer court was no doubt double the size of that of the tabernacle; and we may therefore safely assume that if was 10 cubits in height, 100 cubits north and south, and 200 east and west. If contained an inner court, called the "court of the priests;" but the arrangement of the courts and of the porticos and gateways of the enclosure, though described by Josephus, belongs apparently to the temple of Herod. The outer court there was a new altar of burnt offering, much larger than the old one. [ALTAR] Instead of the brazen laver there was "a molten sea" of brass, a masterpiece of Hiram's skill for the ablution of the priests. It was called a "sea" from its great size. [SEA, MOLTEN] The chambers for the priests were arranged in successive stories against the sides of the sanctuary; not, however, reaching to the top, so as to leave space for the windows to light the holy and the most holy place. We are told by Josephus and the Talmud that there was a superstructure on the temple equal in height to the lower part; and this is confirmed by the statement in the books of Chronicles that Solomon "overlaid the upper chambers with gold."
See Altar
See Sea, Molten
Moreover, "the altars on the top of the upper chamber," mentioned in the books of the Kings,
were apparently upon the temple. The dedication of the temple was the grandest ceremony ever performed under the Mosaic dispensation. The temple was destroyed on the capture of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, B.C. 586. TEMPLE OF ZERUBBABEL. --We have very few particulars regarding the temple which the Jews erected after their return from the captivity (about B.C. 520), and no description that would enable us to realize its appearance. But there are some dimensions given in the Bible and elsewhere which are extremely interesting, as affording points of comparison between it and the temple which preceded it and the one erected after it. The first and most authentic are those given in the book of Ezra,
See Zerubbabel
when quoting the decree of Cyrus, wherein it is said, "Let the house be builded, the place where they offered sacrifices and let the foundations thereof be strongly laid; the height thereof three-score cubits. and the breadth thereof three-score cubits, with three rows of great stones, and a row of new timber." Josephus quotes this passage almost literally, but in doing so enables us to translate with certainty the word here called row as "story" --as indeed the sense would lead us to infer. We see by the description in Ezra that this temple was about one third larger than Solomon's. From these dimensions we gather that if the priests and Levites and elders of families were disconsolate at seeing how much more sumptuous the old temple was than the one which on account of their poverty they had hardly been able to erect,
it certainly was not because it was smaller; but it may have been that the carving and the gold and the other ornaments of Solomon's temple far surpassed this, and the pillars of the portico and the veils may all have been far more splendid; so also probably were the vessels and all this is what a Jew would mourn over far more than mere architectural splendor. In speaking of these temples we must always bear in mind that their dimensions were practically very far inferior to those of the heathen. Even that of Ezra is not larger than an average parish church of the last century; Solomon's was smaller. It was the lavish display of the precious metals, the elaboration of carved ornament, and the beauty of the textile fabrics, which made up their splendor and rendered them so precious in the eyes of the people. TEMPLE OF EZEKIEL. --The vision of a temple which the prophet Ezekiel saw while residing on the banks of the Chebar in Babylonia, in the twenty-fifth year of the captivity, does not add much to our knowledge of the subject. It is not a description of a temple that ever was built or ever could be erected at Jerusalem, and can consequently only be considered as the beau ideal of what a Shemitic temple ought to be.
See Ezekiel
TEMPLE OF HEROD. --Herod the Great announced to the people assembled at the Passover, B.C. 20 or 19, his intention of restoring the temple; (probably a stroke of policy on the part of Herod to gain the favor of the Jews and to make his name great.) if we may believe Josephus, he pulled down the whole edifice to its foundations, and laid them anew on an enlarged scale; but the ruins still exhibit, in some parts, what seem to be the foundations laid by Zerubbabl
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"Go and tell my servant David, thus sayeth the LORD, 'Shalt thou go build me a house for the LORD to dwell in?
And the house was built of stone made perfect already before it was brought thither, so that there was neither hammer or axe either any tool of iron heard in the house, while it was in building.
He cast two pillars of brass of eighteen cubits apiece high, and a string of twelve cubits might compass either of them about. And he made two head pieces of molten brass to set on the tops of the pillars, of five cubits long apiece, read more. with garlands of braided work and hoops of chain work for the head pieces that were on the pillars, seven for the one and seven for the other. And he made the pillars, and for either of the head pieces a garland with two rows of pomegranates to cover them withal. And the head pieces that were on the tops of the pillars were wrought with lilies in the porch the space of four cubits of them. And the pomegranates above and beneath on the wreathen chains that compassed the middle of the head pieces were in number two hundred on either head piece. And he set up the pillars in the porch of the temple, and when he had set up the right pillar, he called the name thereon Jachin, and when he had set up the left pillar, he called the name thereof Boaz. And the tops of the pillars were thus wrought with lilies, and so was their workmanship finished.
And the altars that were on the top of the parlour of Ahaz which the king of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the house of the LORD, the king brake down, and ran thence and cast the dust of them into the brook Kidron.
And the weight of the nails of gold was thereto fifty sicles. And he overlaid the upper chambers with gold.
Many also of the old priests and Levites and ancient fathers which had seen the first house - when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes - wept with a loud voice. And many shouted with joy,
"In the first year of king Cyrus, commanded the same king Cyrus to build the house of God at Jerusalem, in the place where the sacrifice is made, and to lay the foundation to bear threescore cubits height, threescore cubits breadth,
toward the Wellgate, and they went up over against them upon the steps of the city of David at the going up of the wall to the house of David, unto the Watergate Eastward.
Then said the Jews, "Forty six years was this temple a building: and wilt thou raise it up in three days?"
Watsons
TEMPLE, the house of God; properly the temple of Solomon. David first conceived the design of building a house somewhat worthy of the divine majesty, and opened his mind to the Prophet Nathan, 2Sa 7; 1Ch 17; 22:8, &c. God accepted of his good intentions, but refused him the honour. Solomon laid the foundation of the temple, A.M. 2992, completed it in 3000, and dedicated it in 3001, 1Ki 8:2; 2Ch 5; 6:7. According to the opinion of some writers, there were three temples, namely, the first, erected by Solomon; the second, by Zerubbabel, and Joshua the high priest; and the third, by Herod, a few years before the birth of Christ. But this opinion is, very properly, rejected by the Jews; who do not allow the third to be a new temple, but only the second temple repaired and beautified: and this opinion corresponds with the prophecy of Hag 2:9, "that the glory of this latter house," the temple built by Zerubbabel, "should be greater than that of the former;" which prediction was tittered with reference to the Messiah's honouring it with his presence and ministry. The first temple is that which usually bears the name of Solomon; the materials for which were provided by David before his death, though the edifice was raised by his son. It stood on Mount Moriah, an eminence of the mountainous ridge in the Scriptures termed Mount Zion, Ps 132:13-14, which had been purchased by Araunah, or Ornan, the Jebusite, 2Sa 24:23-24; 1Ch 21:25. The plan, and the whole model of this superb structure, were formed after that of the tabernacle, but of much larger dimensions. It was surrounded, except at the front or east end, by three stories of chambers, each five cubits square, which reached to half the height of the temple; and the front was ornamented with a magnificent portico, which rose to the height of one hundred and twenty cubits: so that the form of the whole edifice was not unlike that of some ancient churches, which have a lofty tower in the front, and a low aisle running along each side of the building. The utensils for the sacred service were the same; excepting that several of them, as the altar, candlestick, &c, were larger, in proportion to the more spacious edifice to which they belonged. Seven years and six months were occupied in the erection of the superb and magnificent temple of Solomon, by whom it was dedicated, A.M. 3001, B.C. 999, with peculiar solemnity, to the worship of the Most High; who on this occasion vouchsafed to honour it with the Shechinah, or visible manifestation of his presence. Various attempts have been made to describe the proportions and several parts of this structure; but as scarcely any two writers agree on this subject, a minute description of it is designedly omitted. It retained its pristine splendour only thirty-three or thirty-four years, when Shishak, king of Egypt, took Jerusalem, and carried away the treasures of the temple; and after undergoing subsequent profanations and pillages, this stupendous building was finally plundered and burnt by the Chaldeans under Nebuchadnezzar, A.M. 3416, or B.C. 584, 2Ki 25:13-15; 2Ch 36:17-20.
After the captivity, the temple emerged from its ruins, being rebuilt by Zerubbabel, but with vastly inferior and diminished glory; as appears from the tears of the aged men who had beheld the former structure in all its grandeur, Ezr 3:12. The second temple was profaned by order of Antiochus Epiphanes, A.M. 3837, B.C. 163, who caused the daily sacrifices to be discontinued, and erected the image of Jupiter Olympus on the altar of burnt-offering. In this condition it continued three years, l Mac. 4. 42, when Judas Maccabaeus purified and repaired it, and restored the sacrifices and true worship of Jehovah. Some years before the birth of our Saviour, the repairing and beautifying of this second temple, which had become decayed in the lapse of five centuries, was undertaken by Herod the Great, who for nine years employed eighty thousand workmen upon it, and spared no expense to render it equal, if not superior, in magnitude, splendour, and beauty, to any thing among mankind. Josephus calls it a work the most admirable of any that had ever been seen or heard of, both for its curious structure and its magnitude, and also for the vast wealth expended upon it, as well as for the universal reputation of its sanctity. But though Herod accomplished his original design in the time above specified, yet the Jews continued to ornament and enlarge it, expending the sacred treasure in annexing additional buildings to it; so that they might with great propriety assert, that their temple had been forty and six years in building, Joh 2:20.
Before we proceed to describe this venerable edifice, it may be proper to remark, that by the temple is to be understood not only the fabric or house itself, which by way of eminence is called the temple, namely, the holy of holies, the sanctuary, and the several courts both of the priests and Israelites, but also all the numerous chambers and rooms which this prodigious edifice comprehended; and each of which had its respective degree of holiness, increasing in proportion to its contiguity to the holy of holies. This remark it will be necessary to bear in mind, lest the reader of Scripture should be led to suppose, that whatever is there said to be transacted in the temple was actually done in the interior of that sacred edifice. To this infinite number of apartments, into which the temple was disposed, our Lord refers, Joh 14:2; and by a very striking and magnificent simile, borrowed from them, he represents those numerous seats and mansions of heavenly bliss which his Father's house contained, and which were prepared for the everlasting abode of the righteous. The imagery is singularly beautiful and happy, when considered as an allusion to the temple, which our Lord not unfrequently called his Father's house.
The second temple, originally built by Zerubbabel after the captivity, and repaired by Herod, differed in several respects from that erected by Solomon, although they agreed in others.
The temple erected by Solomon was more splendid and magnificent than the second temple, which was deficient in five remarkable things that constituted the chief glory of the first: these were, the ark and the mercy seat: the shechinah, or manifestation of the divine presence, in the holy of holies; the sacred fire on the altar, which had been first kindled from heaven; the urim and thummim; and the spirit of prophecy. But the second temple surpassed the first in glory; being honoured by the frequent presence of our divine Saviour, agreeably to the prediction of Hag 2:9. Both, however, were erected upon the same site, a very hard rock, encompassed by a very frightful precipice; and the foundation was laid with incredible expense and labour. The superstructure was not inferior to this great work: the height of the temple wall, especially on the south side, was stupendous. In the lowest places it was three hundred cubits, or four hundred and fifty feet, and in some places even greater. This most magnificent pile was constructed with hard white stones of prodigious magnitude. The temple itself, strictly so called, which comprised the portico, the sanctuary, and the holy of holies formed only a small part of the sacred edifice on Mount Moriah, being surrounded by spacious courts, making a square of half a mile in circumference. It was entered through nine gates, which were on every side thickly coated with gold and silver; but there was one gate without the holy house, which was of Corinthian brass, the most precious metal in ancient times, and which far surpassed the others in beauty. For while these were of equal magnitude, the gate composed of Corinthian brass was much larger; its height being fifty cubits, and its doors forty cubits, and its ornaments both of gold and silver being far more costly and massive. This is supposed to have been the "gate called Beautiful" in Ac 3:2, where Peter and John, in the name of Christ, healed a man who had been lame from his birth. The first or outer court, which encompassed the holy house and the other courts, was named the court of the Gentiles; because the latte
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And Aaron shall reconcile his horns once in a year, with the blood of the sin offering of reconciling: even once in the year shall he reconcile it through your generations. And so is it most holy unto the LORD."
And he said unto Moses, "Speak unto Aaron thy brother that he go not at all times into the holy place, that is within the veil that hangeth before the mercy seat which is upon the ark; that he die not. For I will appear in a cloud upon the mercy seat.
Then shall he kill the goat that is the people's sin offering, and bring his blood within the veil, and do with his blood as he did with the blood of the ox, and let him sprinkle it toward the mercy seat, and before the mercy seat:
And this shall be an everlasting ordinance unto you to make an atonement for the children of Israel for all their sins once a year." And it was done even as the LORD commanded Moses.
And Araunah the king's friend gave all to the king, and said moreover unto the king, "The LORD thy God accept thee." But the king said unto Araunah, "Not so, but I will buy it of thee at a price, and will not offer sacrifice unto the LORD my God that shall cost me nought." And so David bought the threshing floor, and the oxen for fifty sicles of silver.
And all the men of Israel assembled unto king Solomon to the feast that falleth in the month Ethanim, which is the seventh month.
And the pillars of brass that were in the house of the LORD and the bottoms, and the brazen sea that was in the house of the LORD the Chaldeans brake, and carried the brass of them to Babylon. And the lavers, shovels, dressing knives, ladles, and the ministering vessels of brass, they carried away. read more. And the firepans, and basins that were either of gold or silver, them took the chief Marshal away
Many also of the old priests and Levites and ancient fathers which had seen the first house - when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes - wept with a loud voice. And many shouted with joy,
For the LORD hath chosen Zion, to be a habitation for himself; he hath longed for her. "This shall be my rest; here will I dwell, for I have a delight therein.
He shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of the abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation determined shall be poured upon the desolate."
Thus the glory of the last house shall be greater than the first, sayeth the LORD of Hosts: and in this place will I give peace, sayeth the LORD of Hosts.'"
Thus the glory of the last house shall be greater than the first, sayeth the LORD of Hosts: and in this place will I give peace, sayeth the LORD of Hosts.'"
Then the devil took him up into the holy city, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple,
And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that bought and sold in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves. And said to them, "It is written, 'My house shall be called the house of prayer, but ye have made it a den of thieves.'"
And Jesus went out and departed from the temple: and his disciples came to him, for to show him the building of the temple. Jesus said unto them, "See ye not all these things? Verily I say unto you, There shall not be here left one stone upon another, that shall not be cast down." read more. And as he sat upon the mount Olivet, his disciples came unto him secretly, saying, "Tell us, when these things shall be: and what sign shall be of thy coming, and of the end of the world?"
When ye, therefore, shall see the abomination that betokeneth desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place: let him that readeth it, understand it:
and said, "This fellow said, I can destroy the temple of God, and build the it again in three days."
and saying, "Thou that destroyest the temple of God, and buildest it in three days: save thyself. If thou be the son of God, come down from the cross."
Pilate said unto them, "Take watchmen: Go and make it as sure as ye can."
And they came to Jerusalem, and Jesus went into the temple: and began to cast out the sellers and buyers in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the money changers, and the stools of them that sold doves: and would not suffer that any man carried a vessel through the temple. read more. And he taught, saying unto them, "Is it not written, how that my house shall be called 'The house of prayer unto all nations?' But ye have made it a den of thieves."
And Jesus sat over against the treasury, and beheld how the people put money into the treasury. And many that were rich, cast in much.
And as he went out of the temple, one of his disciples said unto him, "Master, see what stones, and what buildings are here?"
and the whole multitude of the people were without, in their prayers, while the incense was a burning.
And he carried him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, "If thou be the son of God, cast thyself down from hence.
And some spake of the temple, how it was garnished with goodly stones, and jewels. He said,
Jesus answered, and said unto them, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will rear it up again." Then said the Jews, "Forty six years was this temple a building: and wilt thou raise it up in three days?"
These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple. And no man laid hands on him; For his time was not yet come.
And Jesus walked in Solomon's porch.
In my father's house are many mansions. If it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.
Then the company, and the Captain, and the ministers of the Jews, took Jesus and bound him,
And there was a certain man halt from his mother's womb, whom they brought and laid at the gate of the temple called Beautiful, to ask his alms of them that entered into the temple.
And as the halt which was healed held Peter and John, all the people ran amazed unto them in Solomon's porch.
As they spake unto the people, the priests and the ruler of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
Then came one and showed them, "Behold, the men that ye put in prison stand in the temple, and teach the people." Then went the ruler of the temple with ministers, and brought them without violence. For they feared the people lest they should have been stoned.
But now in Christ Jesus, ye which a while ago were far off, are made nigh by the blood of Christ. For he is our peace, which hath made of both one, and hath broken down the wall in the midst, that was a stop between us,
For there was a fore tabernacle made, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the show bread, which is called holy. But within the second veil was there a tabernacle, which is called holiest of all, read more. which had the golden censer, and the ark of the testament overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot with manna, and Aaron's rod that sprung, and the tables of the testament. Over the ark were the cherubims of glory shadowing the seat of grace. Of which things, we will not now speak particularly. When these things were thus ordained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle and executed the service of God: But into the second went the high priest alone, once every year: and not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the ignorance of the people.
Seeing, brethren, that by the means of the blood of Jesus, we may be bold to enter into that holy place, by the new and living way, which he hath prepared for us, through the veil, that is to say by his flesh. read more. And seeing also that we have a high priest which is ruler over the house of God, let us draw nigh with a true heart in a full faith sprinkled in our hearts, from an evil conscience, and washed in our bodies with pure water,