Reference: Luke, The Gospel According to
Fausets
In the preface to his Gospel Luke refers to "many" who before him had written accounts of what the "eye witnesses" and "ministers of the word" transmitted. This implies the "many" were not themselves eye witnesses or ministers of the word. Matthew's and Mark's Gospels therefore are not referred to in the term "many." But as the phrase "they delivered them to us" (paredosan) includes both written and oral transmission (2Th 2:15) Luke's words do not oppose, as Alford thinks, but favor the opinion that those two Gospels were among the sources of Luke's information, especially as Matthew was an "eye-witness," and Mark a "minister of the word." Luke himself applies" minister" (Ac 13:5, hufretees) to John Mark. Luke differs from the "many" in that his work is: (1) "in order," (2) with a" perfect understanding of all things from the first" (pareekoloutheekoti anoothen akriboos, "having traced all things accurately from the remote beginning.")
Luke begins with earlier facts of John the Baptist's and of our Lord's history than Matthew and Mark, he writes methodically and in more chronological Order. Ancient testimony assures us that Paul's teaching formed the substratum of Luke's Gospel (the Muratorian Fragment; Irenaeus, Haer. iii. 1,14; Tertullian, Marcion iv. 2; Origen, Eusebius, H. E. vi. 25; Jerome, Vir. Illustr. 7). Compare as to the special revelation to Paul 1Co 11:23; 15:3; Ga 1:1,11-12. Paul was an "eye-witness" (1Co 9:1; Ac 22:14-15); his expression "according to my gospel" implies the independency of his witness; he quotes words of Christ revealed to him, and not found in the four Gospels (Ac 20:35). Thus, besides Matthew and Mark, to whose Gospels the "many" as well as Luke had access, Paul is the chief "eye witness" to whom Luke refers in the preface. Luke and Paul alone record Jesus' appearing to Peter first of the apostles (Lu 24:34; 1Co 15:5).
Luke's account of the Lord's Supper, making an interval between His giving the bread and the cup to the disciples, accords most with Paul's in 1Co 11:23, which that apostle says he received directly from the Lord Jesus. Luke (Lu 22:43) records the appearance of an angel unto Jesus during His agony; as no one else is mentioned as having seen the vision, (indeed the disciples were sleeping for sorrow), it must have been especially revealed by the Lord after His resurrection. Who so likely a person to have communicated it to Luke as Paul, who "received the gospel, not of man but by the revelation of Jesus Christ"? The selection of gospel materials in Luke, exhibiting forgiveness for the vilest, grace, and justification, is such as accords with Paul's large views as to the Gentiles and free justification by faith (Lu 18:14).
The allusion in 2Co 8:18, "the brother whose praise is in the Gospel throughout all the churches," may be to Luke. The subscription of this epistle is "written from Philippi by Titus and Luke." Possibly during Paul's three months' sojourn there (Ac 20:3) Luke was sent to Corinth, and it is to his evangelistic labours the reference is. As being chosen of the churches of Macedonia to be their "messenger," traveling with Paul, the "brother" meant must have been one of those mentioned in Ac 20:4-6 as accompanying Paul into Asia with the alms. Now all the rest sailed away, leaving Paul to follow alone with Luke. Luke either by his written Gospel or by his evangelistic labours was one "whose praise in the Gospel was throughout the churches." Luke must be the "brother" meant. Paul in 1Ti 5:18 seems directly to quote and canonize the Gospel according to Luke (Lu 10:7), "the labourer is worthy of his hire" (as both passages ought to be translated, not "reward," the word being the same, misthou); compare also Lu 24:26-27,46 with 1Co 15:3.
Alford rejects ancient testimony that Paul's teaching constitutes the substance of Luke's Gospel, on the grounds that the evangelist asserts that his Gospel is drawn from those who "from the beginning" were eye witnesses of Christ's ministry, among whom Paul cannot be reckoned. But Luke's drawing information from persons who had been with the Lord from the begining is quite consistent with Paul's revelations (Eph 3:3; 1Co 9:1; 11:23) forming a prominent part of the substance of Luke's Gospel. Paul's words correspond with Luke's (Lu 10:7 with 1Co 10:27; Lu 17:27-29; 21:34-35; with 1Th 5:2-3,6-7). Luke's choice of materials accords with the new light in which "the apostle of the Gentiles" was inspired to set gospel facts, e.g. the parable of the prodigal son, the tracing of Christ's genealogy up to Adam the common parent of Jew and Gentile, not only to Abraham, as Matthew. Also Lu 2:32, "a ... Light to lighten the Gentiles"; Lu 4:25, Christ's reference to Elijah's mission to the Gentile widow of Sarepta; Lu 9:52; 10:30, the good Samaritan; Lu 17:18, the only grateful one of the ten cleansed lepers, a Samaritan; the mission of the seventy, a number typical of the nations, as the twelve represent the twelve tribes of Israel.
Theophilus, to whom he writes, was a Gentile believer, as appears from the geographical and other explanations given of many things, which would have been needless had he been a Jew (Lu 1:26, Nazareth; Lu 4:31, Capernaum; Lu 23:51, Arimathea; Lu 24:13, Emmaus; Ac 1:12, Olivet). In the inscription over the cross the Greek and Latin are put before the Hebrew, in John the Hebrew is first. Matthew refers to Old Testament as what "Moses said," Luke as what "is written." The name Theophilus ("friend of God") is Greek Matthew calls Jerusalem" the holy city" and its temple "the temple of God"; but Mark and Luke omit these titles, doubtless because they were writing to Gentiles, after Jerusalem by continual persecutions of the church had sunk in the esteem of Christians, and when the temple made without hands, "the temple of the Holy Spirit," the church, was fully understood to have superseded the temple of stone.
STYLE. Luke's writing is classical and periodic. The pure Greek of the preface shows that he could have written similarly throughout, but he tied himself to the Hebraistic language of the written records and perhaps also of the received oral tradition which he embodied. In Acts too his style is purer in the latter parts, where he was an eye witness, than in the earlier where he draws from the testimony of others. The sea of Gennesaret is but a "lake" with him, as having seen more of the world than the Galilee fishermen. Peter is often called "Simon," which he never is by Paul, who uses only the apostolic name Peter, a proof that some of Luke's materials were independent of and earlier than Paul. Paul and Luke alone have the expressive word (atenizoo) "stedfastly behold" or "look" (Ac 1:10; 14:9; 3:4; 2Co 3:7,13).
Awkward phrases in Matthew and Mark are so evidently corrected in Luke as to leave no doubt he had their Gospels before him. Compare the Greek in Mr 12:38 with Lu 20:46, where filounton is substituted for thelonton; Lu 7:8, where the insertion of "set" removes the harshness of Mt 8:9, "a man under authority." He substitutes the Greek foros ("tribute") in Lu 20:22 for the Latin census, which Matthew (Mt 22:17) as a taxgatherer for, and Mark (Mr 12:14) writing to, Romans, use. He omits Hosanna, Eli Eli lama sabacthani, Rabbi, Golgotha (for which he substitutes the Greek kranios, "calvary:' or "place of a skull".)
The phrases (parakoloutheoo, katecheoo, pleroforeo) "having perfect understanding," "instructed" (catechetically and orally), "most surely believed" (Lu 1:1-14) are all used similarly by Paul (1Ti 4:6; Ro 2:18; 2Ti 4:17). "Lawyers" six times stand instead of "scribes"; epistatees, "master," instead of rabbi six times, as more plain to Gentiles. "Grace" "favour" is never used by Matthew and Mark, thrice by John, but frequently in Luke. "To evangelize" or "preach the gospel" is frequent in Luke, once in Matthew, not at all in Mark and John. The style of Acts is less Hebraic than that of Luke's Gospel, because for the latter he used more of Hebraic materials and retained their language.
CANONICITY. The oldest reliable testimony to the Gospel according to Luke is Marcion, whose Gospel so called (A.D. 130) is Luke's, abridged and mutilated
See Verses Found in Dictionary
I also am a man having authority and commanding soldiers. I say to this one, 'Go,' and he goes; and to another, 'Come,' and he comes; and to my servant, 'Do this,' and he does it.
When Jesus finished speaking, he departed from Galilee. He went to the borders of Judea beyond the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed many of them.
Tell us what you think? Is it lawful to pay the poll tax to Caesar, or not?
When a kingdom is divided against itself that kingdom cannot stand.
He said: What illustration should we use to picture the kingdom of God? What story will make it clear?
Jesus crossed the Jordan River when he went to the province of Judea. Crowds gathered all around him just as they always did.
Teacher, they said, we know that you are truthful, and not concerned about what other people think. You truthfully teach the way of God. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?
He said: Beware of the scribes, who desire to walk in long robes, and to have greetings in the marketplaces.
Many have attempted to write an orderly narrative about the things that have taken place.
Many have attempted to write an orderly narrative about the things that have taken place. They received testimony from those who were eyewitnesses from the beginning. Ministers of God's word delivered it to us.
They received testimony from those who were eyewitnesses from the beginning. Ministers of God's word delivered it to us. Most excellent Theophilus (Greek: Theo philos: friend of God): I have accurately traced the course of all things from the beginning. Now it seems good to me to write this report to you.
Most excellent Theophilus (Greek: Theo philos: friend of God): I have accurately traced the course of all things from the beginning. Now it seems good to me to write this report to you. In this way you will know with certainty the truth that you were taught.
In this way you will know with certainty the truth that you were taught.
In this way you will know with certainty the truth that you were taught. There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judea, a priest named Zechariah. He was of the priestly division of Abijah. He had a wife of the daughters of Aaron. Her name was Elizabeth. read more. They were both righteous before God. They blamelessly obeyed all the commandments and ordinances of God (Greek: kurios: God). They had no child for Elizabeth was barren and they both were well advanced in years. He faithfully executed the priest's duties before God. The custom was to draw lots to see who served in the temple. It was his turn to enter into the temple of God and burn incense. The whole crowd of people prayed outside at the hour of incense. God's angel appeared to him when he was standing on the right side of the altar of incense. Zechariah was troubled. When he saw the angel he was filled with fear. Have no fear Zechariah, said the angel, for God has heard your prayer. Your wife Elisabeth will have a son and his name will be John. You will be filled with joy, and many will be happy at his birth.
The next month God sent the angel Gabriel to Nazareth in Galilee
In those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that a census should be taken of all the inhabited earth. This was the first census made when Quirinius was governor of Syria. read more. So every one went to his hometown to register.
It is a light of revelation to the nations, and the glory of your people Israel.
It was the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar. Pontius Pilate was governor of Judaea. Herod served as tetrarch of Galilee. Herod's brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis. Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene.
It was the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar. Pontius Pilate was governor of Judaea. Herod served as tetrarch of Galilee. Herod's brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis. Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene. This was in the time when Annas and Caiaphas were chief priests. The word of God was delivered to John the son of Zechariah. He was in the wilderness.
This was in the time when Annas and Caiaphas were chief priests. The word of God was delivered to John the son of Zechariah. He was in the wilderness. John traveled in the region near the Jordan, preaching the baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. read more. This was according to the words of Isaiah the prophet: The voice of one crying in the wilderness. Make ready the way of Jehovah. Make his paths straight. Every valley shall be filled. Every mountain and hill shall be brought low. The crooked shall become straight and the rough ways smooth. All flesh shall see the salvation of God. (Isaiah 40:3-6) He told the crowds that came to be baptized by him: You offspring of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? Produce fruit that is worthy of repentance. Do not say we have Abraham for our father. I tell you, that God is able to make these stones into children for Abraham. The axe is now at the root of the trees. Every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown in to the fire.
When all the people were baptized, Jesus also was baptized. He prayed and heaven was opened.
I tell you truth. There were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah. There was no rain from heaven three years and six months. There came a great famine over all the land.
Next he traveled to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. There he taught them on the Sabbath day.
Demons came out from many. They cried out: You are the Son of God! He rebuked them and charged them not to speak for they knew he was the Christ.
One time while he was in one of the cities a man full of leprosy fell on his face before Jesus. He said: Lord, if you want to you can make me clean.
He withdrew to a quiet place and prayed. One day when he was teaching, Pharisees and doctors of the Law were in the crowd. People came from every village of Galilee, Judea and Jerusalem. God's power was with him to heal.
He went to the mountain to pray and he continued all night in prayer to God.
I also am a man with much authority. I am in charge of soldiers and say to this one go and he goes and to another I say come and he comes. I tell my servant to do this and he does it.
After he prayed the disciples went to him. He asked them: Who do the crowds say that I am?
After he prayed the disciples went to him. He asked them: Who do the crowds say that I am?
After he prayed the disciples went to him. He asked them: Who do the crowds say that I am? They said: John the Baptist. Others say Elijah and still others say one of the old prophets has risen again.
They said: John the Baptist. Others say Elijah and still others say one of the old prophets has risen again. But who do you say I am? He asked. Peter answered him: The Christ of God.
But who do you say I am? He asked. Peter answered him: The Christ of God. He commanded them to tell this to no man.
He commanded them to tell this to no man. The Son of man must suffer many things, he told them. The elders, chief priests and scribes will reject him and kill him. The third day he will be raised up.
The Son of man must suffer many things, he told them. The elders, chief priests and scribes will reject him and kill him. The third day he will be raised up. He told them all: If any man would come after me let him deny himself. Let him take up his stake (of self-denial) daily, and follow me.
He told them all: If any man would come after me let him deny himself. Let him take up his stake (of self-denial) daily, and follow me. He who would save his life shall lose it. He who would lose his life for my sake shall save it.
He who would save his life shall lose it. He who would lose his life for my sake shall save it. For what does it profit a man if he gain the whole world, and lose or forfeit his own self?
For what does it profit a man if he gain the whole world, and lose or forfeit his own self? If any man is ashamed of my teachings, and of me the Son of man will be ashamed of that person. This will happen when he comes in his own glory, and the glory of the Father, and of the holy angels.
If any man is ashamed of my teachings, and of me the Son of man will be ashamed of that person. This will happen when he comes in his own glory, and the glory of the Father, and of the holy angels. I tell you the truth, there are some here who shall not taste of death till they see the kingdom of God.
I tell you the truth, there are some here who shall not taste of death till they see the kingdom of God. About eight days after he said these things he took Peter, John and James, and went up into the mountain to pray.
About eight days after he said these things he took Peter, John and James, and went up into the mountain to pray.
About eight days after he said these things he took Peter, John and James, and went up into the mountain to pray. While he prayed his appearance changed and his clothes became white and brilliant.
While he prayed his appearance changed and his clothes became white and brilliant.
While he prayed his appearance changed and his clothes became white and brilliant. Moses and Elijah talked to him.
Moses and Elijah talked to him. They appeared in glory and spoke about the death he was about to experience at Jerusalem.
They appeared in glory and spoke about the death he was about to experience at Jerusalem. Peter and his companions were very sleepy. When they awoke they saw his brilliance and the two men that stood with him.
Peter and his companions were very sleepy. When they awoke they saw his brilliance and the two men that stood with him. Before they left Peter said to Jesus: Master it is good for us to be here. Let us make three tabernacles. We could make one for you and one for Moses and one for Elijah. He did not know what he was saying.
Before they left Peter said to Jesus: Master it is good for us to be here. Let us make three tabernacles. We could make one for you and one for Moses and one for Elijah. He did not know what he was saying. While he said these things a cloud enveloped them and they were filled with fear.
While he said these things a cloud enveloped them and they were filled with fear. A voice came out of the cloud saying: This is my Son my chosen one. Listen to him!
A voice came out of the cloud saying: This is my Son my chosen one. Listen to him! When the voice came Jesus was found alone. They kept quiet and told no man what they had seen.
When the voice came Jesus was found alone. They kept quiet and told no man what they had seen. After they came down from the mountain a large crowd met him.
After they came down from the mountain a large crowd met him. A man in the crowd cried, Teacher, please look at my son. He is my only child.
A man in the crowd cried, Teacher, please look at my son. He is my only child. A spirit controls him and suddenly he cries out. He foams at the mouth. It throws him into convulsions and he is badly bruised.
A spirit controls him and suddenly he cries out. He foams at the mouth. It throws him into convulsions and he is badly bruised. I asked your disciples to cast it out and they could not.
I asked your disciples to cast it out and they could not. Jesus answered: O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and put up with you? Bring your son to me.
Jesus answered: O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and put up with you? Bring your son to me. When he came near the demon slammed him down and through him in to a convulsion. Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, healed the boy and gave him back to his father.
When he came near the demon slammed him down and through him in to a convulsion. Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, healed the boy and gave him back to his father. They were all overwhelmed by the greatness of God. Everyone marveled at all the things he did. Jesus said to his disciples:
They were all overwhelmed by the greatness of God. Everyone marveled at all the things he did. Jesus said to his disciples: Let these words sink into your ears. The Son of man shall be delivered up into the hands of men.
Let these words sink into your ears. The Son of man shall be delivered up into the hands of men. They did not understand what he said. The meaning was concealed from them. They could not comprehend it. And they were afraid to ask him about it.
They did not understand what he said. The meaning was concealed from them. They could not comprehend it. And they were afraid to ask him about it. They reasoned among themselves which of them was the greatest.
They reasoned among themselves which of them was the greatest. When Jesus detected the reasoning of their heart, he took a little child, and set him by his side.
When Jesus detected the reasoning of their heart, he took a little child, and set him by his side. Then he said to them: Whoever receives this little child in my name receives me. Whoever receives me receives him who sent me. He who is least among you will be the greatest!
Then he said to them: Whoever receives this little child in my name receives me. Whoever receives me receives him who sent me. He who is least among you will be the greatest! John said: Master we saw some one casting out demons in your name. So we prevented him from doing this because he does not follow us.
John said: Master we saw some one casting out demons in your name. So we prevented him from doing this because he does not follow us. Jesus said: Do not forbid him for he that is not against you is for you.
Jesus said: Do not forbid him for he that is not against you is for you. The days were approaching for his ascension. He was determined to go to Jerusalem.
The days were approaching for his ascension. He was determined to go to Jerusalem. He sent messengers ahead of him. They entered the village of the Samaritans to get ready for him.
Remain in that house eating and drinking what they give you. The laborer is worthy of his hire. Do not stay in different houses.
Remain in that house eating and drinking what they give you. The laborer is worthy of his hire. Do not stay in different houses.
Jesus answered: A man traveled from Jerusalem to Jericho. He fell among robbers. They stripped him, beat him and left him half dead.
Jesus was praying. When he finished one of his disciples said to him: Lord, teach us to pray, just as John taught his disciples.
He knew their thoughts. So he told them: Every kingdom that is divided is destroyed. A house divided against itself falls.
Jesus continued: To what shall I compare the Kingdom of God? What is it like?
Jesus told his disciples: Things that cause people to stumble do happen. However it is a terrible thing for someone to make them happen!
Were the others not willing to return with this foreigner to give glory to God?
They ate, they drank and they got married until Noah entered the ark. Then the flood came, and destroyed them all. The days of Lot were similar. They ate, they drank, they bought, they sold, they planted and they built. read more. But when Lot left Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from heaven, and destroyed them all.
I tell you the tax collector and not the Pharisee was right with God when he went home. He who exalts himself will be humbled! He who humbles himself will be exalted! They brought all their babes to him that he should touch them. When the disciples saw it they rebuked them.
He was near the descent of the Mount of Olives. The entire crowd of disciples rejoiced and praised God with a loud voice for all the mighty works they had seen.
When he came close to the city he wept over it.
If we say from men all the people will stone us. They are persuaded that John was a prophet.
Beware of the scribes for they walk around in long robes. They love greetings in the marketplaces. They sit in the chief seats in the synagogues and the head tables at feasts.
I will give you ability to talk and words of wisdom, which your adversaries shall not be able to resist or refute.
Be awake so your hearts are not weighed down. Do not allow the weight of worldly involvement, drunkenness, and cares of this life be a snare when that day suddenly comes. It will come as a surprise to all who dwell on the face of the earth.
I prayed for you that your faith would not fail. Once you have turned again strengthen your brothers.
He went a short distance from them and kneeled down and prayed. He prayed: Father if it is your will remove this cup from me, nevertheless not my will, but your will be done. read more. An angel came to him and gave him strength. (possible spurious text) He was in agony and earnestly prayed. His sweat became, as it were great drops of blood falling down upon the ground. When he finished his prayer he went to the disciples, and found them sleeping because of their sorrow. He said: Why do you sleep? Arise and pray that you do not enter into temptation.
Jesus cried with a loud voice: Father, into your hands I commend my spirit. After saying this he quit breathing.
He was from Arimathaea a city of the Jews and was looking for the kingdom of God.
That day two of them traveled to a village named Emmaus, about seven miles from Jerusalem.
They did not find his body. They said that they had also seen a vision of angels, who said that he was alive.
Did the Christ need to suffer these things and enter into his glory? He explained to them all the Scriptures about the things concerning him. He spoke about Moses and all the prophets.
The Lord has risen indeed, they said, and he appeared to Simon.
He said: It is written that the Christ should suffer, and rise again from the dead the third day.
They continued blessing God in the Temple.
Jesus did not walk openly among the Jews anymore. He departed into the wilderness of the nearby country. He and his disciples stayed at a city called Ephraim.
The first account I composed, O Theophilus, was about all that Jesus did and taught,
They gazed intently into the sky as he went into heaven. Two men wearing white stood beside them.
Then they returned to Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet, which is near Jerusalem, a Sabbath day's journey away.
God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power. Jesus went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil. God was with him.
They preached the Word of God in the synagogues of the Jews at Salamis. John was also there as an attendant.
He heard Paul speaking. Paul looked intently at him, and seeing that he had faith to be healed,
Paul had a vision that night. In it he saw a Macedonian standing and pleading with him, Come over to Macedonia and help us! After Paul had this vision, we got ready to leave for Macedonia. We decided that God had called us to preach the good news to the people there.
After three months he set sail for Syria. He decided to return through Macedonia. He left there because the Jews formed a plot against him. Those who accompanied him as far as Asia: Sopater of Beroea, the son of Pyrrhus; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timothy; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus. read more. They left early and were waiting for us at Troas. We sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread. Five days later we met them at Troas, where we stayed seven days.
In all things I gave you an example. You by laboring should help the weak. Remember the words of the Lord Jesus: It is more blessed to give than to receive.
He said: 'The God of our ancestors has chosen you to know his will. You are to see his righteous servant, and to hear him speak with his own voice. You will be a witness for him to tell everyone what you have seen and heard.
Paul rented a place to live for two full years and welcomed everyone who came to him. He spread the message about God's Kingdom and taught boldly about the Lord Jesus Christ. And no one stopped him!
you know his will. You approve the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law.
Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord?
If a nonbeliever invites you to a feast and you feel you must go eat whatever is set before you, asking no question for conscience sake.
For I received from the Lord that which I delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread.
For I received from the Lord that which I delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread.
First of all, I delivered to you what I also received, how Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures.
First of all, I delivered to you what I also received, how Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures.
And we have sent together with him the brother, whose praise in the good news has spread through all the congregations,
From Paul, who is an apostle not from men nor through men but through Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead.
For I make known to you brothers that the good news that was preached by me is not according to man. I did not receive it from man. I was not taught it! It came to me through revelation from Jesus Christ.
You know that because of an infirmity of the flesh I preached the good news to you the first time.
The secret was made known to me by revelation, just as I wrote before in few words.
Tolerate (endure) (suffer) (put up with) one another, and forgive each other. If any man has a complaint against anyone, forgive them, even as God forgave you.
For you know perfectly that the Day of Jehovah will come like a thief in the night. (Zephaniah 1:14) When they say, Peace and security! then sudden destruction will come upon them, as labor pains come to a pregnant woman. They will not escape.
Therefore, let us not sleep like others do. But let us watch and be sober. They that sleep do so in the night. They that get drunk are drunk in the night.
So then, brothers, stand firm and hold to the precepts (Greek: paradosis: traditions of doctrines, teachings handed down) you were taught by word of mouth or by letter from us.
If you tell the brothers about these things, you will be a good minister of Christ Jesus, nourished in the words of the faith, and of the good doctrine which you have followed until now.
For the scripture said: You must not muzzle the bull while he is threshing. The workman is worthy of his wages.
I will be diligent so that every time after my departure you will remember these things.