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When those days were completed, the king then provided a seven-day banquet for all the people who were present in Susa the citadel, for those of highest standing to the most lowly. It was held in the court located in the garden of the royal palace.

Verse ConceptsDinnerSeven Days

Drinks were served in golden containers, all of which differed from one another. Royal wine was available in abundance at the king's expense.

Verse ConceptsPlenty Of Wine

There were no restrictions on the drinking, for the king had instructed all of his supervisors that they should do as everyone so desired.

Verse ConceptsAbstinenceAlcohol ConsumptionUnlimitednessNo Compulsion

The king then inquired of the wise men who were discerners of the times -- for it was the royal custom to confer with all those who were proficient in laws and legalities.

Verse ConceptsDiscernment, Nature Of

Those who were closest to him were Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan. These men were the seven officials of Persia and Media who saw the king on a regular basis and had the most prominent offices in the kingdom.

Verse ConceptsSeven People

Now he was acting as the guardian of Hadassah (that is, Esther), the daughter of his uncle, for neither her father nor her mother was alive. This young woman was very attractive and had a beautiful figure. When her father and mother died, Mordecai had raised her as if she were his own daughter.

Verse ConceptsFatherless, Examples OfBeauty, In WomenAdoptionExamples Of OrphansWomen's RolesDeath Of A MotherFather And Daughter RelationshipsFathers Responsibilities

It so happened that when the king's edict and his law became known many young women were taken to Susa the citadel to be placed under the authority of Hegai. Esther also was taken to the royal palace to be under the authority of Hegai, who was overseeing the women.

This young woman pleased him, and she found favor with him. He quickly provided her with her cosmetics and her rations; he also provided her with the seven specially chosen young women who were from the palace. He then transferred her and her young women to the best quarters in the harem.

Verse ConceptsCosmeticsSeven PeopleWomen's Beauty

At the end of the twelve months that were required for the women, when the turn of each young woman arrived to go to King Ahasuerus -- for in this way they had to fulfill their time of cosmetic treatment: six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with perfume and various ointments used by women --

Verse ConceptsMyrrhMarital SexFive Months And MoreOne YearMarital Sex BetweenYoung LadiesEtiquetteMonthsWomen's BeautyWomen's Rolesmakeupprocess

When it became the turn of Esther daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai (who had raised her as if she were his own daughter) to go to the king, she did not request anything except what Hegai the king's eunuch, who was overseer of the women, had recommended. Yet Esther met with the approval of all who saw her.

Verse ConceptsHuman FavourMan's CounselWomen's Rolesmakeup

Now when the young women were being gathered again, Mordecai was sitting at the king's gate.

Verse ConceptsSitting In The GatewaySecond Marriage

Some time later King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, exalting him and setting his position above that of all the officials who were with him.

Verse ConceptsPromotion

As a result, all the king's servants who were at the king's gate were bowing and paying homage to Haman, for the king had so commanded. However, Mordecai did not bow, nor did he pay him homage.

Verse ConceptsWaiting At GatesPraising Specific People

Then the servants of the king who were at the king's gate asked Mordecai, "Why are you violating the king's commandment?"

But the thought of striking out against Mordecai alone was repugnant to him, for he had been informed of the identity of Mordecai's people. So Haman sought to destroy all the Jews (that is, the people of Mordecai) who were in all the kingdom of Ahasuerus.

Verse ConceptsVindictivenessJews Under ThreatKilling IsraelitesIdentity

So the royal scribes were summoned in the first month, on the thirteenth day of the month. Everything Haman commanded was written to the king's satraps and governors who were in every province and to the officials of every people, province by province according to its script and people by people according to its language. In the name of King Ahasuerus it was written and sealed with the king's signet ring.

Verse ConceptsProvincesSealing The MessageAlphabet

Letters were sent by the runners to all the king's provinces stating that they should destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jews, from youth to elderly, both women and children, on a particular day, namely the thirteenth day of the twelfth month (that is, the month of Adar), and to loot and plunder their possessions.

Verse ConceptsMonth 12Killing Israelites

Throughout each and every province where the king's edict and law were announced there was considerable mourning among the Jews, along with fasting, weeping, and sorrow. Sackcloth and ashes were characteristic of many.

Verse ConceptsProvincesAshesWailingPeople Mourning Catastrophe

Throughout that night the king was unable to sleep, so he asked for the book containing the historical records to be brought. As the records were being read in the king's presence,

Verse ConceptsInsomnia, Causes OfWakefulnessReading Other MatterHistorical Booksmums

While they were still speaking with him, the king's eunuchs arrived. They quickly brought Haman to the banquet that Esther had prepared.

Verse ConceptsHurrying Others OnGod's TimingGods Timing

The king's scribes were quickly summoned -- in the third month (that is, the month of Sivan), on the twenty-third day. They wrote out everything that Mordecai instructed to the Jews and to the satraps and the governors and the officials of the provinces all the way from India to Ethiopia -- a hundred and twenty-seven provinces in all -- to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, and to the Jews according to their own script and their own language.

Verse ConceptsAfricaMonth 3A Hundred And SomeAlphabet

Mordecai wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed it with the king's signet ring. He then sent letters by couriers on horses, who rode royal horses that were very swift.

Verse ConceptsMulesSealing The MessageRiding Horses

The king thereby allowed the Jews who were in every city to assemble and to stand up for themselves -- to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate any army of whatever people or province that should become their adversaries, including their women and children, and to confiscate their property.

Verse ConceptsPurimRules About Booty

The couriers who were riding the royal horses went forth with the king's edict without delay. And the law was presented in Susa the citadel as well.

Verse ConceptsMules

In the twelfth month (that is, the month of Adar), on its thirteenth day, the edict of the king and his law were to be executed. It was on this day that the enemies of the Jews had supposed that they would gain power over them. But contrary to expectations, the Jews gained power over their enemies.

Verse ConceptsMonth 12Jews Under ThreatHating Peoples

The Jews assembled themselves in their cities throughout all the provinces of King Ahasuerus to strike out against those who were seeking their harm. No one was able to stand before them, for dread of them fell on all the peoples.

Verse ConceptsFearing Other People

All the officials of the provinces, the satraps, the governors and those who performed the king's business were assisting the Jews, for the dread of Mordecai had fallen on them.

Verse ConceptsJews Under ThreatFear Of Individuals

So the king issued orders for this to be done. A law was passed in Susa, and the ten sons of Haman were hanged.

Verse ConceptsHangingTen PeoplePeople Hung To Death

The Jews who were in Susa then assembled on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they killed three hundred men in Susa. But they did not confiscate their property.

Verse ConceptsThree To Four HundredMonth 12Three Hundred And AboveNumbers Of Foreigners Killed

The rest of the Jews who were throughout the provinces of the king assembled in order to stand up for themselves and to have rest from their enemies. They killed seventy-five thousand of their adversaries, but they did not confiscate their property.

Verse ConceptsFifty To Ninety ThousandJews Under ThreatHating PeoplesNumbers Of Foreigners Killed

But the Jews who were in Susa assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth days, and rested on the fifteenth, making it a day for banqueting and happiness.

Verse ConceptsMonth 12

Mordecai wrote these matters down and sent letters to all the Jews who were throughout all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, both near and far,

as the time when the Jews gave themselves rest from their enemies -- the month when their trouble was turned to happiness and their mourning to a holiday. These were to be days of banqueting, happiness, sending gifts to one another, and providing for the poor.

Verse ConceptsOvercoming EnemiesPeople Providing FoodRejoicing In God's Works

But when the matter came to the king's attention, the king gave written orders that Haman's evil intentions that he had devised against the Jews should fall on his own head. He and his sons were hanged on the gallows.

Verse ConceptsEvil DevicesPeople Hung To Death

These days were to be remembered and to be celebrated in every generation and in every family, every province, and every city. The Jews were not to fail to observe these days of Purim; the remembrance of them was not to cease among their descendants.

Verse ConceptsMemorial

Letters were sent to all the Jews in the hundred and twenty-seven provinces of the empire of Ahasuerus -- words of true peace --

Verse ConceptsA Hundred And Some