For though they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God or show gratitude. Instead, their thinking became nonsense, and their senseless minds were darkened.

And because they did not think it worthwhile to acknowledge God, God delivered them over to a worthless mind to do what is morally wrong.

What then? If some did not believe, will their unbelief cancel God’s faithfulness?

He did not waver in unbelief at God’s promise but was strengthened in his faith and gave glory to God,

Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those who did not sin in the likeness of Adam’s transgression. He is a prototype of the Coming One.

Therefore, did what is good cause my death? Absolutely not! On the contrary, sin, in order to be recognized as sin, was producing death in me through what is good, so that through the commandment, sin might become sinful beyond measure.

What the law could not do since it was limited by the flesh, God did. He condemned sin in the flesh by sending His own Son in flesh like ours under sin’s domain, and as a sin offering,

For you did not receive a spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption, by whom we cry out, “Abba, Father!”

He did not even spare His own Son
but offered Him up for us all;
how will He not also with Him grant us everything?

But who are you, a mere man, to talk back to God? Will what is formed say to the one who formed it, “Why did you make me like this?”

And what if He did this to make known the riches of His glory on objects of mercy that He prepared beforehand for glory—

What should we say then? Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained righteousness—namely the righteousness that comes from faith.

Why is that? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone.

But all did not obey the gospel. For Isaiah says, Lord, who has believed our message?

But I ask, “Did they not hear?” Yes, they did:

Their voice has gone out to all the earth,
and their words to the ends of the inhabited world.

But I ask, “Did Israel not understand?” First, Moses said:

I will make you jealous
of those who are not a nation;
I will make you angry by a nation
that lacks understanding.

What then? Israel did not find what it was looking for, but the elect did find it. The rest were hardened,

For if God did not spare the natural branches, He will not spare you either.

For even the Messiah did not please Himself. On the contrary, as it is written, The insults of those who insult You have fallen on Me.