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During the time of the judges there was a famine in the land of Judah. So a man from Bethlehem in Judah went to live as a resident foreigner in the region of Moab, along with his wife and two sons.

Verse ConceptsFamine, Examples OfJudgesRefugeesSojourningJudging IsraelTimes Of People

(Now the man's name was Elimelech, his wife was Naomi, and his two sons were Mahlon and Kilion. They were of the clan of Ephrath from Bethlehem in Judah.) They entered the region of Moab and settled there.

Verse ConceptsNamed Wives

And Elimelech Naomi's husband died; and she was left, and her two sons.

Verse ConceptsWidows

So her sons married Moabite women. (One was named Orpah and the other Ruth.) And they continued to live there about ten years.

Verse ConceptsMarriage, Restrictions ConcerningGood Wives ExamplesTen To Fourteen Years

Then Naomi's two sons, Mahlon and Kilion, also died. So the woman was left all alone -- bereaved of her two children as well as her husband!

Verse ConceptsActual WidowsBereavement

So she decided to return home from the region of Moab, accompanied by her daughters-in-law, because while she was living in Moab she had heard that the Lord had shown concern for his people, reversing the famine by providing abundant crops.

Verse ConceptsLove, And The WorldDaughters In LawGod Visiting

Wherefore she went forth out of the place where she was, and her two daughters in law with her; and they went on the way to return unto the land of Judah.

Verse ConceptsDaughters In Law

Go back home, my daughters! For I am too old to get married again. Even if I thought that there was hope that I could get married tonight and conceive sons,

Verse ConceptsHope, Nature OfLimitations Of Old PeopleConceptionNot MarryingWaiting Till Marriage

When Naomi realized that Ruth was determined to go with her, she stopped trying to dissuade her.

Verse ConceptsRuthIndividuals Being Silent

So the two of themWhen they entered Bethlehem, the whole village was excited about their arrival. The women of the village said, "Can this be Naomi?"

Verse ConceptsGod's Mercy, Example OfTownIs It Really?

I was full when I departed, but, empty, am I brought back of Yahweh, - wherefore should ye call me Naomi, when, Yahweh, hath given answer against me, and, the Almighty, hath crushed me?

Verse ConceptsemptinessLossPessimismEmpty PeopleFilling PeopleTragedy

And Naomi returned; and Ruth, who was of Moab, her daughter-in-law, was with her, returning out of the fields of Moab. And they came to Bethlehem in the beginning of barley harvest.

Verse ConceptsBarleyGrainHarvestAutumnIndividuals going home

Now Naomi had a relative on her husband's side of the family named Boaz. He was a wealthy, prominent man from the clan of Elimelech.

Verse ConceptsClansRelativesWealthy PeopleRelationships And DatingFamily Conflict

So Ruth went and gathered grain in the fields behind the harvesters. Now she just happened to end up in the portion of the field belonging to Boaz, who was from the clan of Elimelech.

Verse ConceptsAgriculture, TermsGod's Mercy, Example OfRelatives

Then said Boaz unto his servant that was set over the reapers, Whose damsel is this?

Verse ConceptsWho Is This?

And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It is the Moabitish damsel that came back with Naomi out of the country of Moab:

And Boaz will answer and say to her, Announcing, it was announced to me all that thou didst with thy mother-in-law after the death of thy husband: and thou wilt leave thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy birth, and thou wilt come to a people thou knewest not yesterday the third day.

Verse ConceptsMothers, Responsibilities OfRuthSelf DenialSelf SacrificeMother In LawsNot Knowing PeopleTelling What People DidDeath Of A Mother

Later during the mealtime Boaz said to her, "Come here and have some food! Dip your bread in the vinegar!" So she sat down beside the harvesters. Then he handed her some roasted grain. She ate until she was full and saved the rest.

Verse ConceptsBread, As FoodGrainMealsPoverty, Attitudes TowardsSittingVinegarWineRemaining Food

And when she was risen up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying, Let her glean even among the sheaves, and reproach her not:

And she took it up, and went into the city: and her mother in law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth, and gave to her that she had reserved after she was sufficed.

Verse ConceptsRemaining Food

And her mother-in-law said to her, Where did you take up the grain today, and where were you working? May a blessing be on him who gave such attention to you. And she gave her mother-in-law an account of where she had been working, and said, The name of the man with whom I was working today is Boaz.

Verse ConceptsWhere Are Things?May God Bless!Men Working

And now is not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor.

Verse ConceptsAgriculture, TermsGrainWinnowingRelatives

Wash thyself therefore, and anoint thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and get thee down to the floor: but make not thyself known unto the man, until he shall have done eating and drinking.

Verse ConceptsAnointing, Social CustomAnointing With OilOintmentPerfumeClothing OneselfOuter GarmentsAnointing OneselfClean FacesEating And DrinkingPeople Made Known

When Boaz had finished his meal and was feeling satisfied, he lay down to sleep at the far end of the grain heap. Then Ruth crept up quietly, uncovered his legs, and lay down beside him.

Verse ConceptsAlcohol ConsumptionLying Down To RestEating And Drinking

In the middle of the night he was startled and turned over. Now he saw a woman lying beside him!

Verse ConceptsMidnight

So she slept beside him until morning. She woke up while it was still dark. Boaz thought, "No one must know that a woman visited the threshing floor."

Verse ConceptsDaybreakNot Recognising PeopleUntil DaybreakDo Not Tell

Now Boaz went up to the gate and sat down there, and behold, the close relative of whom Boaz spoke was passing by, so he said, “Turn aside, friend, sit down here.” And he turned aside and sat down.

Verse ConceptsGatesSitting In The Gateway

And he said unto the kinsman, Naomi, that is come again out of the country of Moab, selleth a parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's:

Verse ConceptsBuying and sellingReal EstateCommerce

And it was in my mind to give you the chance of taking it, with the approval of those seated here and of the responsible men of my people. If you are ready to do what it is right for a relation to do, then do it: but if you will not do it, say so to me now; for there is no one who has the right to do it but you, and after you myself. And he said, I will do it.

Verse ConceptsNegotiationKnowing Facts

(Now this used to be the customary way to finalize a transaction involving redemption in Israel: A man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party. This was a legally binding act in Israel.)

Verse ConceptsCustomGesturesMarketsTraditionsApprovalContracts

And Boaz said unto the elders, and unto all the people, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was Elimelech's, and all that was Chilion's and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi.

And, further, I have taken Ruth, the Moabitess, who was the wife of Mahlon, to be my wife, to keep the name of the dead man living in his heritage, so that his name may not be cut off from among his countrymen, and from the memory of his town: you are witnesses this day.

Verse ConceptsMarriage, Restrictions ConcerningOffspringPurchasingTownWidowsNamed Wives

The neighbor women gave him a name, saying, “A son (grandson) has been born to Naomi.” They named him Obed (worshiper). He is the father of Jesse, the father of David [the ancestor of Jesus Christ].

Verse ConceptsDavid, Early LifeInfantsRuthPeople Naming PeopleGrandmothers

These are the descendants of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron,

Hezron was the father of Ram, Ram was the father of Amminadab,

Amminadab was the father of Nachshon, Nachshon was the father of Salmah,

Salmon was the father of Boaz, Boaz was the father of Obed,

Obed was the father of Jesse, and Jesse was the father of David.

Verse ConceptsDavid, Rise Of